Sheilah Hogg-Johnson - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Sheilah Hogg-Johnson

Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of supervisors and workers from 30 randomly selected... more Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of supervisors and workers from 30 randomly selected companies in Manitoba and Northwestern Ontario, Canada. Participating companies required a minimum of 50 employees. We distributed two separate surveys to each company: one to supervisors and one to workers. We asked all supervisors to complete a webbased survey including a case vignette of a worker with a mental health disorder and a number of scales assessing factors that may affect their decisions to provide workplace accommodations. We also asked all workers to complete a web-based survey indicating whether or not they suffer from a MHD and whether accommodations were offered. We also assessed individual perspectives and group-level information on the workplace, supervisor, and worker factors through additional scales on the surveys. Results Data collection is expected to be completed in the fall, 2017. We have currently collected data from fourteen of the thirty companies including 130 supervisors and 330 workers. In our presentation, we will identify factors associated with supervisors' decisions to accommodate workers with MHD. Conclusion The findings will be important for all work disability prevention stakeholders as they will identify important targets for intervention to improve accommodations for workers with MHD.

Social Science & Medicine, Dec 1, 2012

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health framework describes human ... more The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health framework describes human functioning through body structure and function, activity and participation in the context of a person's social and physical environment. This work tested the temporal relationships of these components. Our hypotheses were: 1) there would be associations among physical impairment, activity limitations and participation restrictions within time; 2) prior status of a component would be associated with future status; 3) prior status of one component would influence status of a second component (e.g. prior activity limitations would be associated with current participation restrictions); and, 4) the magnitude of the within time relationships of the components would vary over time. Participants (n=931) with primary hip or knee joint replacement, an intervention with predictable improvement in pain and disability, completed standardized outcome measures pre-surgery and five times in the first year post-surgery. These included physical impairment (pain), activity limitations and participation restrictions. ICF component relationships were evaluated cross-sectionally and longitudinally using path analysis adjusting for age, sex, BMI, hip vs. knee, low back pain and mood. All component scores improved significantly over time. The path coefficients supported the hypotheses in that both within and across time, physical impairment was associated with activity limitation and activity limitation was associated with participation restriction; prior status and change in a component were associated with current status in another component; and, the magnitude of the path coefficients varied over time with stronger associations among components to three months post surgery than later in recovery with the exception of the association between impairment and participation restrictions which was of similar magnitude at all times. This work enhances

PLOS ONE, 2017

The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is growing. However the factors contribut... more The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is growing. However the factors contributing to changes over time and to birth cohort differences in CAM use are not well understood. We used data from 10186 participants, who were aged 20-69 years at the first cycle of data collection in the longitudinal component of the Canadian National Population Health Survey (1994/95-2010/11). We examined chiropractic and other practitioner-based CAM use with a focus on five birth cohorts: pre-World War II (born 1925-1934); World War II (born 1935-1944); older baby boomers (born 1945-1954); younger baby boomers (born 1955-1964); and Gen Xers (born 1965-1974). The survey collected data every two years on predisposing (e.g., sex, education), enabling (e.g., income), behavior-related factors (e.g., obesity), need (e.g., chronic conditions), and use of conventional care (primary care and specialists). The findings suggest that, at corresponding ages, more recent cohorts reported greater CAM (OR = 25.9, 95% CI: 20.0; 33.6 for Gen Xers vs. pre-World War) and chiropractic use than their predecessors (OR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.7; 2.8 for Gen Xers vs. pre-World War). There was also a secular trend of increasing CAM use, but not chiropractic use, over time (period effect) across all ages. Factors associated with cohort differences were different for CAM and chiropractic use. Cohort differences in CAM use were partially related to a period effect of increasing CAM use over time across all ages while cohort differences in chiropractic use were related to the higher prevalence of chronic conditions among recent cohorts. The use of conventional care was positively related to greater CAM use (OR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.6; 2.0)

Osteoarthritis and cartilage / OARS, Osteoarthritis Research Society, 2011

Primary total hip (THR) and knee (TKR) replacement outcomes typically include pain and function w... more Primary total hip (THR) and knee (TKR) replacement outcomes typically include pain and function with a single time of follow-up post-surgery. This research evaluated the trajectory of recovery and inter-relationships within and across time of physical impairments (PI) (e.g., symptoms), activity limitations (AL), and social participation restrictions (PR) in the year following THR and TKR for osteoarthritis. Participants (hip: n=437; knee: 494) completed measures pre-surgery and at 2 weeks, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months post-surgery. These included PI (Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS)/Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) symptoms and Chronic Pain Grade); AL (HOOS/KOOS activities of daily living and sports/leisure activities); and, PR (Late Life Disability and the Calderdale community mobility). Repeated measures analysis of variance (RANOVA) was used to evaluate the trajectory of recovery of outcomes and the inter-relationships of PI, AL and PR were evalu...

Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 2005

There is a need to create, disseminate, and implement new knowledge in the work disability preven... more There is a need to create, disseminate, and implement new knowledge in the work disability prevention (WDP) field. Training programs attracting high-quality applicants and taking into account the complexity of this emerging field are urgently needed. Methods: An advanced training program, funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), was developed by 24 mentors affiliated with nine different universities. The main objective of this program is to develop transdisciplinary knowledge, skills, and attitudes regarding WDP. This program has been developed for PhD students or post-doctoral fellows already registered full-time in a Canadian or recognized foreign university whose main interest is WDP, regardless of the health problem. Results: Since its implementation, the program received two successive cohorts of 10 students. They were registered in 13 universities in five countries and trained in nine different disciplines. Conclusions and significances: Appropriate WDP research may save major societal costs attributable to prolonged work disability. The proposed training program will contribute to developing tomorrow's research workforce.

American Journal of Public Health, 2012

Objectives. We used individual participant data from multiple studies to conduct a comprehensive ... more Objectives. We used individual participant data from multiple studies to conduct a comprehensive meta-analysis of mechanical exposures in the workplace and low back pain. Methods. We conducted a systematic literature search and contacted an author of each study to request their individual participant data. Because outcome definitions and exposure measures were not uniform across studies, we conducted 2 substudies: (1) to identify sets of outcome definitions that could be combined in a meta-analysis and (2) to develop methods to translate mechanical exposure onto a common metric. We used generalized estimating equation regression to analyze the data. Results. The odds ratios (ORs) for posture exposures ranged from 1.1 to 2.0. Force exposure ORs ranged from 1.4 to 2.1. The magnitudes of the ORs differed according to the definition of low back pain, and heterogeneity was associated with both study-level and individual-level characteristics. Conclusions. We found small to moderate ORs f...

Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2019

ObjectivesTo examine and compare whether dispensing of prescription opioids, non-steroidal anti-i... more ObjectivesTo examine and compare whether dispensing of prescription opioids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and skeletal muscle relaxants (SMRs) within 8 weeks after a work-related low back pain (LBP) injury is associated with work disability.MethodsA historical cohort study of 55 571 workers’ compensation claimants with LBP claims in British Columbia from 1998 to 2009 was conducted using linked compensation, dispensing and healthcare data. Four exposures were constructed to estimate the effect on receipt of benefits and days on benefits 1 year after injury: drug class(es) dispensed, days' supply, strength of opioids dispensed and average daily morphine-equivalent dose.ResultsCompared with claimants receiving NSAIDs and/or SMRs, the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of days on benefits was 1.09 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.14) for claimants dispensed opioids only and 1.26 (95% CI 1.22 to 1.30) for claimants dispensed opioids with NSAIDs and/or SMRs. Compared with weak opioids only...

Aims: Adult survivors of childhood cancer experience a high cumulative burden of therapy-related ... more Aims: Adult survivors of childhood cancer experience a high cumulative burden of therapy-related chronic health conditions (CHCs). However, longitudinal evaluation of patient-reported symptoms has not been examined as an indicator of CHCs in this population. Methods: 735 long-term adult survivors of childhood cancer completed three symptom surveys through participation in both St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study (SJLIFE) and Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) across 25 years (1992-2016). Surveys included ten symptom domains related to late treatment effects, including sensory, cardiac, pulmonary, musculoskeletal, memory, pain, fatigue, nausea,

BMC Pediatrics, 2021

Background Although chronic pain is common in children with cerebral palsy (CP), little is known ... more Background Although chronic pain is common in children with cerebral palsy (CP), little is known about short-term pain fluctuations and their impact on children’s well-being. High-quality cohort studies are needed to understand the clinical course of pain in this population. We aimed to determine the feasibility of conducting a multicentre cohort study. In this pilot study we assessed: 1) study processes, 2) resource and 3) management indicators including recruitment and follow-up rates, data completeness, participant characteristics, and successes and barriers in the study conduct. Methods A multi-centre pilot cohort study was conducted with 10 Canadian children/youth with CP attending one of two children’s rehabilitation centers. We collected self-reported pain intensity (Faces Pain Scale-Revised [FPS-R], Numeric Rating Scale [NRS]); pain interference (PROMIS PI); pain location (pain diagram); physical and psychological well-being (KIDSCREEN-27), sleep characteristics, preceding m...

CMAJ open

It has been suggested that total knee replacement is being performed in people with less-severe o... more It has been suggested that total knee replacement is being performed in people with less-severe osteoarthritis. We aimed to determine whether there were differences in the presurgery profile, symptoms and disability of 2 cohorts who underwent total knee replacement over a 10-year period. Patients aged 18-85 years undergoing primary total knee replacement for osteoarthritis at 1 of 4 sites in Toronto and Strathroy, Ontario, were recruited in a cohort study during 2006-2008 (cohort 1) and 2012-2015 (cohort 2). Patients undergoing unicompartmental or revision arthroplasty were excluded. Demographic and health (body mass index [BMI], comorbidity) variables and osteoarthritis severity, as assessed with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and the disability component of the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument (LLFDI-D), were collected before surgery. We calculated proportions, means and standard deviations with 95% confidence intervals (CIs)...

Health services research, Jan 3, 2016

To describe characteristics of industrial injury hospitalizations, and to test the hypothesis tha... more To describe characteristics of industrial injury hospitalizations, and to test the hypothesis that industrial injuries were increasingly billed to non-workers' compensation (WC) payers over time. Hospitalization data for 1998-2009 from State Inpatient Databases, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Retrospective secondary analyses described the distribution of payer, age, gender, race/ethnicity, and injury severity for injuries identified using industrial place of occurrence codes. Logistic regression models estimated trends in expected payer. There was a significant increase over time in the odds of an industrial injury not being billed to WC in California and Colorado, but a significant decrease in New York. These states had markedly different WC policy histories. Industrial injuries among older workers were more often billed to a non-WC payer, primarily Medicare. Findings suggest potentially dramatic cost shifting from WC to...

Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 2015

Objectives: Do Ontario unionized construction firms have lower workers' compensation claims rates... more Objectives: Do Ontario unionized construction firms have lower workers' compensation claims rates compared with nonunion firms? Methods: Building trade and construction trade association lists of union contractors were linked to Workplace Safety and Insurance Board claims data for 2006 to 2012. Data were pooled for 2006 to 2012, and negative binomial regressions conducted with adjustment to estimate a union safety effect. Results: The sample included 5797 unionized and 38,626 nonunion construction firms. Total claims rates were 13% higher (1.13, 1.09 to 1.18) in unionized firms because of higher allowed no-lost-time claim rates (1.28, 1.23 to 1.34), whereas the lost-time claims rate was 14% lower (0.86, 0.82 to 0.91). Conclusions: Unionized construction firms compared with nonunion firms have higher no-lost-time and lower lost-time claims rates. Unionized firms may encourage occupational injury reporting and reduce risks through training and hazard identification and control strategies. T here has been a long-standing debate about the role of unions in protecting worker health and safety. 1,2 The role of unions in occupational health and safety (OHS), often referred to as the union safety effect, remains underspecified. Studies spanning multiple time periods, industries, countries, and methodological designs have found mixed results. 1,2 Canadian, US, and British studies have found beneficial effects (lower injury and illness rates/shorter disability duration) of working in a unionized environment, 3-12 no effect, 1,13-19 mixed effects, 20,21 or a detrimental effect where unionized environments experience more injuries and illnesses or longer durations of disability. 22-27 Four studies within the US construction sector found no union effect, 28 a beneficial effect, 29,30 and mixed effects. 31 There are no Canadian studies on the role of unions in construction work occupational health and safety. Canadian research on the relationship between unions and occupational health and safety has been conducted in Ontario, Quebec, and British Columbia with a focus on return to work outcomes for injured workers 9,10,12,27 and joint health and safety committee (JHSC) activity. 32,33 Four studies found positive effects 9,12,32,33 and two negative effects. 10,27

Journal of occupational rehabilitation, Jan 22, 2015

Purpose Acute work-related trauma is a leading cause of death and disability among U.S. workers. ... more Purpose Acute work-related trauma is a leading cause of death and disability among U.S. workers. Existing methods to estimate injury severity have important limitations. This study assessed a severe injury indicator constructed from a list of severe traumatic injury diagnosis codes previously developed for surveillance purposes. Study objectives were to: (1) describe the degree to which the severe injury indicator predicts work disability and medical cost outcomes; (2) assess whether this indicator adequately substitutes for estimating Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)-based injury severity from workers' compensation (WC) billing data; and (3) assess concordance between indicators constructed from Washington State Trauma Registry (WTR) and WC data. Methods WC claims for workers injured in Washington State from 1998 to 2008 were linked to WTR records. Competing risks survival analysis was used to model work disability outcomes. Adjusted total medical costs were modeled using linear ...

The Open Occupational Health & Safety Journal, 2010

Objectives: To estimate the incidence of compensated claims involving mild traumatic brain injury... more Objectives: To estimate the incidence of compensated claims involving mild traumatic brain injury among Ontario workers covered by the Workplace Safety & Insurance Board (WSIB) and to describe the number and duration of days off work related to incident claims using workers compensation administrative data. Methods: We used a population-based, historical cohort of 111,800 injured workers aged 20 or older with a claim to the Ontario Workers' Safety and Insurance Board in 1998. We estimated the incidence as the rate of new mild traumatic brain injury in the Ontario working population eligible for compensation by the WSIB. We described the number and duration of disability days using an episodic and cumulative analysis of time on benefits over a two-year period (1997-98) determined from administrative data. Results: The annual incidence was 1.5 (95% CI: 1.3, 1.7) per 10,000 full-time equivalents. Eighty-seven percent of claimants had a single episode of benefits with median duration of 11 days (95% CI: 10, 12). Fifty percent were off benefits after 17 days and 75% by 72 days. Conclusions: Mild traumatic brain injury is disabling in the working population. Most work disability is short-term, but a small proportion of claimants become chronically disabled and unable to work.

Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 2004

National Library l*l of Canada Bibiiitheque nationale du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et ... more National Library l*l of Canada Bibiiitheque nationale du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibtiographic Services services bibliographiques 335 Wellington Street 395, nie Wellington Chtaw8ON K 1 A W m w a ON KlAûN4 Caneda canada The author has granted a nonexclusive licence allowing the Nationai Library of Canada to reproduce, loan, distribute or sel1 copies of this thesis in microform, paper or electronic formats. The author retains ownership of the copyright in this thesis. Neither the thesis wr substantial extracts fiom it may be printed or othedse reproduced without the author's permission. L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive permettant à la Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou vendre des copies de cette thèse sous la forme de microfichelfilm, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. L'auteur conserve la propriété du droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. Ni la Wse ni des extraits substantiels de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés ou autrement reproduits sans son autorisation. Implementing Evidence-Based GuideIines for X-ray Use in Acute Low Back Pain: A Pilot Study in a Chiropractic Community. Car10 Ammendolia,

PubMed, Apr 1, 2020

Background: Staying Well, Independent and Fit Together (SWIFT), a seniors' exercise program, aims... more Background: Staying Well, Independent and Fit Together (SWIFT), a seniors' exercise program, aims to promote health, strength, mobility and community engagement. We compared quality of life and balance confidence in SWIFT participants and non-participants, aged 60 years and older. Methods: Cross-sectional study comparing participants and non-participants in SWIFT program using Older People's Quality of Life Questionnaire (OPQOL) and Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABCS). Results: Seventy participants completed surveys, 41 in experimental and 29 in control group. We found a statistically significant between group difference favoring the control group in overall OPQOL score but not in OPQOL subscale nor overall ABCS scores. Participants in both groups participating in weekly exercises had non-significantly higher quality of life subscale scores. Conclusion: Results suggest seniors in both study groups who participate in exercise have non-significantly higher quality of life scores compared to those who do not participate in exercise. Participation in the SWIFT exercise program or activity in general, contributes to quality of life in seniors.

BMJ Open, Aug 1, 2019

et al. Understanding patient profiles and characteristics of current chiropractic practice: a cro... more et al. Understanding patient profiles and characteristics of current chiropractic practice: a crosssectional Ontario Chiropractic Observation and Analysis STudy (O-COAST). BMJ Open 2019;9:e029851.

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Aug 1, 2023

Chiropractic & Manual Therapies, Oct 23, 2020

Background: Chiropractors are a particular subset of health care professionals that reportedly su... more Background: Chiropractors are a particular subset of health care professionals that reportedly suffer occupational musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), yet they have received minimal attention to date regarding mitigating risks of occupational injury. Our study determined the prevalence of occupationally-related MSDs in the preceding year, their bodily distribution, severity, and practice-related changes in practicing chiropractors in the province of Ontario. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of chiropractors who were members of the Ontario Chiropractic Association (OCA) from January to March 2019. A three-part online survey was developed to ask chiropractors about specific details of MSDs they experienced in the past year and any practice-related changes they made as a result. Responses from participants provided both quantitative and qualitative data. Prevalence estimates were derived for quantitative data. Qualitative data were stratified by themes that were further divided into categories and subcategories. Demographic variables of the respondents and OCA membership were compared to determine representativeness. Results: From the 432 responses (11.8% response rate), 59.1% reported experiencing an occupationally-related MSD in the past year. Survey respondents were demographically representative of the OCA membership. MSDs were most commonly reported for the lower back (38.3%), wrists/hands (38.1%) and neck (37.4%). Positioning/performing manipulation was the most common occupational activity for MSD of the upper extremity (53.1%) and lower back (34.8%). Chiropractors largely reported their MSDs did not prevent them from doing their normal work (77.4%), despite the fact that 43.2% reported experiencing their MSDs for more than 30 days in the previous year. Common reported work modifications were grouped under themes of practice and physical changes. Practice changes included reducing patient volume, hiring personnel and scheduling. Physical changes included using different office equipment, selecting different techniques requiring lower force and altering their hand contacts or body position when treating patients.