Sherif Mansour - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Sherif Mansour

Research paper thumbnail of Cardioprotective Effects of Gallic Acid on an Isoprenaline-Induced Myocardial Infarction Rat Model

International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases

The use of antioxidants to protect against a wide range of human disease, including ischemic hear... more The use of antioxidants to protect against a wide range of human disease, including ischemic heart disease, has moved to the forefront in cardiovascular research. Gallic acid has shown promising effects against oxidative stress-induced disease; however, its effect in ischemic heart disease has not been well-studied. We designed the current work to investigate the potential protective effect of gallic acid against isoprenaline (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction (MI). Rats were injected subcutaneously with ISO, 100 mg/kg for 2 days, to induce MI. Gallic acid treated rats received 15 mg/kg gallic acid orally for 10 days prior to ISO injection. The histopathological examination of the Hematoxylin and Eosin-stained heart sections from the ISO treated rats shows karyopyknosis, hypereosinophilia, loss of striation, infiltration of macrophage in the interstitium, and thrombosis of the blood vessels, all of which indicate the induction of MI. In addition, ISO treatment significantly increased the plasma level of malondialdehyde and troponin-I, as well as the activity of alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase, compared to untreated controls. Pretreatment with gallic acid significantly attenuated the ISO-induced biochemical and histopathological changes, compared to untreated controls. Our results show that ISO induced oxidative stress-mediated MI, and that gallic acid protects the rat heart from MI, at least in part, through antioxidant mechanisms.

Research paper thumbnail of Tectonic-Thermal Evolution of the Wadi El-Dahal Area, North Eastern Desert, Egypt: Constraints on the Suez Rift Development

Minerals

The Suez Rift developed as a northern extension of the Red Sea rift during the Oligocene-Miocene,... more The Suez Rift developed as a northern extension of the Red Sea rift during the Oligocene-Miocene, whose flanks were constructed from the Neoproterozoic basement rocks of the Arabian–Nubian Shield. These basement rocks are comprised of the whole tectonic history since their formation. The Suez Rift initiation model and proposed thermal overprint role in the rifting process and flank development remain uncertain. Additionally, the amplitude of different regional tectonic events’ effects on the region is still debatable. Integration of fission-track thermochronology data with modeling of the time-temperature history has demonstrated efficiency in addressing such issues. In the context of this study, eleven representative samples were collected from the different rock units in the Wadi El-Dahal area at the northern tip of the western flank of the Suez Rift. These samples revealed Carboniferous zircon fission-track cooling ages of 353 ± 9 Ma and 344 ± 11 Ma. Meanwhile, the apatite fissio...

Research paper thumbnail of Reconstructing the Tectonic History of the Arabian–Nubian Shield in Sinai: Low-Temperature Thermochronology Implications on Wadi Agar Area

Minerals

The Arabian–Nubian Shield envelops the entire regional tectonic history from its formation during... more The Arabian–Nubian Shield envelops the entire regional tectonic history from its formation during the Ediacaran to the Red Sea/Gulf of Suez rifting in the Oligocene–Miocene. The occurrence and extent of the expected successive tectonic events on Sinai basement rocks remain uncertain. Integration of thermochronological techniques with time–temperature modelling has proven to be a powerful tool for thermal-tectonic history reconstruction. Therefore, we collected representative samples from the Arabian–Nubian Shield basement rocks of the Wadi Agar area at the eastern flank of the Suez rift. Zircon fission-track data show two cooling age possibilities of Ediacaran and Devonian ages. Meanwhile, apatite fission-track data represent three cooling age spans of Carboniferous, Triassic, and Cretaceous. The integration of these data with the modelled time–temperature histories reveals four different cooling events synchronous with the regional events; (1) the Neoproterozoic post-accretion eros...

Research paper thumbnail of Erosional reservoir for the northern segment of the Arabian-Nubian shield: Constrains from U-Pb geochronology of the lower palaeozoic succession, North Eastern Desert, Egypt

Research paper thumbnail of Minimal access surgery for congenital diaphragmatic hernia: surgical tricks to facilitate anchoring the patches to the ribs

Pediatric Surgery International

Objective Minimal Access Surgery (MAS) for Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) repair is well d... more Objective Minimal Access Surgery (MAS) for Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) repair is well described, yet only a minority of surgeons report this as their preferred operative approach. Some surgeons find it particularly difficult to repair the defect using MAS and convert to laparotomy when a patch is required. We present in this study our institutional experience in using an easy and relatively cheap methodology to anchor the patch around the ribs using Endo Close™. This device has an application in MAS for tissue approximation using percutaneous suturing. Methods and technique We retrospectively reviewed our database for patients undergoing MAS repair of CDH between 2009 and 2021. Outcome measures included length of surgery and recurrence rates after patch repair. Endo Close™ was used in all patients who required patch repair. We declare no conflict of interest and to not having received any funding from Medtronic (UK). The technique is as follows: (1) The edges of the diaphr...

Research paper thumbnail of Geophysical assessment for the oil potentiality of the Abu Roash “G” reservoir in West Beni Suef Basin, Western Desert, Egypt

Journal of African Earth Sciences

Research paper thumbnail of Timing of rapid cooling and erosional decay of two volcanic islands of the Canary Archipelago: implications from low-temperature thermochronology

International Journal of Earth Sciences

The Canary Archipelago comprises seven volcanic islands formed by the activity of the Canary mant... more The Canary Archipelago comprises seven volcanic islands formed by the activity of the Canary mantle anomaly that might have been caused by an ascending plume at the NW-African passive margin. The “Basal Complex (BC)”, which contains the islands pre-shield rock formations, is exposed in the northwest and central Fuerteventura and NW-La Gomera and preserves the archive of giant landslides that caused the removal of most of the shield-stage volcanic rocks. Tools, like low-temperature thermochronology (LTT) are sensitive to rapid cooling activities that accompany landslides. In addition, integrating LTT data with time–temperature (t–T) numerical modelling are a powerful tool for reconstructing the thermo-tectonic evolution as well as defining and quantifying long-term landscape evolution in a variety of geological settings. To unravel part of the long-term landscape evolution of Fuerteventura and La Gomera, zircon and apatite fission-track, and (U–Th)/He data combined with t–T numerical...

Research paper thumbnail of Left ventricular free-wall rupture: An unusual presentation of non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis

Perfusion

Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) is a rare, often asymptomatic, condition. A 55-year-... more Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) is a rare, often asymptomatic, condition. A 55-year-old woman presented with hemiparesis, facial palsy and chest pain. After urgent investigation, she was referred as a case of type A aortic dissection complicated by tamponade, myocardial infarction and stroke. Review of her imaging identified haemopericardium but no dissection, and emergency surgery proceeded considering her unstable condition. She underwent an emergency repair of left-ventricular free-wall rupture and excision of an aortic valve vegetation. Postoperative investigations confirmed a diagnosis of NBTE in the setting of a plexiform neurofibroma, and she was discharged 9 weeks later with residual neurological symptoms. This case poses a previously unreported acute presentation of NBTE and highlights the complexities in its diagnosis and management.

Research paper thumbnail of Cardioprotective Effect of Vitamin e Against Myocardial Infarction Induced by Isoprenaline in Albino Rats

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 2018

Objective: Vitamin E is an antioxidant which can help in the prevention of cardiovascular disease... more Objective: Vitamin E is an antioxidant which can help in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was to estimate the effects of Vitamin E on cardiac marker enzymes in isoprenaline (ISO)-induced myocardial infracted rats.Methods: Adult male albino rats were divided into three groups. The first group was the control negative group. The second group was the control positive group that was subcutaneously injected with ISO (100 mg/kg). The third group was pretreated with Vitamin E (100 mg/kg) once daily for 30 days, then subcutaneously injected with ISO at an interval of 24 h for 2 days. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cardiac troponin-I (CTn-I), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and histopathological examinations were measured. Comparison between groups was achieved by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test through SPSS software.Results: The levels of AST, ALT,...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparing the Outcomes of a Modified Technique Using a Spatulated Umbilical Cord Patch for a Scarless Primary Repair of Gastroschisis with Other Techniques for Primary Closure, a Multicenter Experience

Ain Shams Medical Journal, Jul 1, 2019

Background: The goal of the surgical management of gastroschisis is to return the bowel into the ... more Background: The goal of the surgical management of gastroschisis is to return the bowel into the abdomen without jeopardizing the viscera. Primary fascial closure (PFC) was historically favored due to improved outcomes. Aim of the work: To prospectively analyse the outcomes of primary closure of gastroschisis using Spatulated Umbilical Cord (SUC) technique, and compare with the retrospectively-collected outcomes of patients who underwent PFC.

Research paper thumbnail of Long-term topographic evolution of the African plate, causes and consequences for surrounding lithospheric plates

The African lithospheric continent has an extended history over 3.8 Ga and is tectonically active... more The African lithospheric continent has an extended history over 3.8 Ga and is tectonically active since more than 2.9 Ga. Ever since the topography of that continent was changing under influences of a series of endogenic (tectonic) and exogenic (surface) processes. Generally the earth's topography has major influences on the planet, examples include but are not limited to species distribution, forest succession, erosion, sedimentation, fluvial systems and climate. The topographic changes are accompanied by rock exhumations in either way of endogenic forces or as response to exogenic processes. These exhumation events could be 3.2.1 The High Elevated Rift Flank (The Rwenzori Mountains) 3.2.2 The Low Elevated Rift Flank (The Samra Mountain Area) 3.2.3 Canary Islands (Fuerteventura and La Gomera) 3.3 Geological Settings 3.3.1 The High Elevated Rift Flank (The Rwenzori Mountains) 3.3.2 The Low Elevated Rift Flank (The Samra Mountain area) 3.3.3 The Canary Islands 3.3.3.1 Fuerteventura 3.3.3.2 La Gomera island 4. Methods and Techniques 4.1 Basic principles 4.2 Fission-track thermochronology 4.3 (U-Th-Sm)/He thermochronology 4.4 Thermo-kinematic modelling and exhumation rates calculations 5. Rift with high elevated flanks (The Rwenzori Mountains) 5.1 Zircon (U-Th-Sm)/He data 5.2 Apatite fission track data 5.3 Apatite (U-Th)/He data 5.4 Thermo-kinematic modelling and exhumation rates 6. Rift with low elevated flanks (The Samra Mountain area) 6.1 Zircon fission track data XXII 6.2 Apatite fission track data 6.3 Thermo-kinematic modelling and exhumation rates 7. Volcanic islands in a passive margin Environment (Canary Islands) 7.1 Fuerteventura Island 7.1.1 Zircon fission track data 7.1.2 Apatite fission track data 7.1.3 Thermo-kinematic modelling and exhumation rates 7.2 La Gomera Island 7.2.1 Zircon fission track data 7.2.2 Apatite fission track data 7.2.3 Thermo-kinematic modelling and exhumation rates 8. Interpretation within the framework of plate tectonics 8.1 Interpretation 8.1.1 THE RWENZORI MOUNTAINS

Research paper thumbnail of The Potential Role of Erythropoietin on Fatty Liver Induced by Methionine Choline Deficient Diet in Adult Male Rats

Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences, 2022

With recent upsurge in obesity, the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is gro... more With recent upsurge in obesity, the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is growing globally. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of erythropoietin (EPO) therapy on NAFLD and the role of transforming growth factor beta one (TGFβ1). NAFLD was induced in adult male albino Wistar rats by administration of methionine choline deficient (MCD) diet. Serum level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), albumin, bilirubin, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), body weight, liver weight and liver weight /body weight ratio were measured in different experimental groups to assess the liver affection. Liver samples were taken for measurement of TG, TC, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) as well as histopathological detection of hepatic tissue injury and immuno-histochemical assessment of TGFβ1. As compared to the control group, MCD diet was found to produce a significant increase in serum level of AST, ALT, liver weight and liver weight/ body weight ratio, accompanied with a significant increase in liver tissue MDA, TNF-α and TGF-β1 immuno-histochemical scoring. However, there was a significant decrease in hepatic GSH level. It also resulted in significant elevation in hepatic TG and TC, significant decrease in serum TG and TC levels and non-significant change in body weight, serum albumin and bilirubin. These results were supported by histopathological changes in hepatic tissues in the form of steatosis of hepatocytes and inflammatory cells infiltration. These results were reversed by EPO treatment. EPO treatment showed a hepato-protective effects against the development of NAFLD with a significant preservation of liver functions and structure that could be explained by the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrogenic effect of EPO treatment.

Research paper thumbnail of STR-832: Ultimate Flexural Strength and Long-Term Creep Deflection for Structural Insulated Foam-Timber Sandwich Panels

The structural insulated panel (SIP) is a sandwich structured composite that is prefabricated by ... more The structural insulated panel (SIP) is a sandwich structured composite that is prefabricated by attaching a lightweight thick core made of Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) foam laminated between two thin, and stiff face skins made of Oriented Strand Board (OSB). The use of sandwich panels provides key benefits over conventional materials including: very low weight; high stiffness; durability and; production and construction cost savings. The facing skins of the sandwich panel can be considered as the flanges for the I-beam carrying bending stresses in which one face skin is subjected to tension, and the other is in compression. The core resists the shear loads and stabilizes the skin faces together giving uniformly stiffened panel. OSB is wood product that shrinks when dry and swells when adsorb moisture either due to liquid or vapor from the surrounding atmosphere. The relative combination of relative humidity and temperature is introduced into the equilibrium moisture content (EMC) tha...

Research paper thumbnail of Combined Zircon/Apatite U-Pb and Fission-Track Dating by LA-ICP-MS and Its Geological Applications: An Example from the Egyptian Younger Granites

Minerals, 2021

Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is classically used in U-... more Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is classically used in U-Pb dating to measure U and Pb isotopic concentrations. Recently, it has become frequently used in fission-track (FT) chronometry too. As an advantage, the U-Pb and FT double dating will enable efficiently determining the crystallization ages and the thermo-tectonic history concurrently as samples volume, analytical time, efforts, and cost will be greatly reduced. To demonstrate the validity of this approach, a Younger granite (Ediacaran age) sample from North Eastern Desert (NED), Egypt was analyzed for U-Pb and FT double dating. The integration of multiple geochronologic data yielded a zircon U-Pb crystallization age of 599 ± 30 Ma, after emplacement, the rock cooled /uplifted rapidly to depths of 9–14 km as response to the post-Pan African Orogeny erosional event as indicated by apatite U-Pb age of 474 ± 9 Ma. Afterwards, the area experienced a slow cooling/exhumation for a short perio...

Research paper thumbnail of Reconstructing the Thermo-tectonic history of the Rwenzori Mountains, D. R. Congo

Research paper thumbnail of Thermo-tectonic history reconstruction of the Rwenzori Mountains, D. R. Congo

The Albertine Rift forms the northern section of the western Rift of the East African Rift System... more The Albertine Rift forms the northern section of the western Rift of the East African Rift System (EARS) which was developed during the Neogene time. The Rwenzori Mtns evolved along the eastern rift shoulder of the Albertine Rift, rising up to form a striking feature within the rift valley. The scarcity of volcanic activity in the Western Rift has raised questions about the Rwenzori Mtns origin and evolution and how this fits into the general evolution of the Albertine Rift and the EARS. The Rwenzori Mtns represent the horst block in the Albertine Rift, with elevations reaching 5109 m a.s.l. (Margherita Peak). The main lithologies of the Rwenzori Mtns are gneiss, schist and amphibolite, subordinate intrusive rocks with various metamorphic overprint, and quartzite of Precambrian age (Tanner, 1971). All these units are intensively truncated by N–S, NW–SE, NE–SW and E–W trending normal faults, locally with a significant strike-slip component (Ring, 2008). The slope Rwenzori Mtns wester...

Research paper thumbnail of The impact of patient‐prosthesis mismatch on early and long‐term survival after aortic replacement with the Edwards Perimount valve: A propensity score‐matched analysis

Journal of Cardiac Surgery, 2021

Background: To investigate the impact of severe patient-prosthesis mismatch (PPM) related to the ... more Background: To investigate the impact of severe patient-prosthesis mismatch (PPM) related to the Edwards Lifesciences Perimount (EP) bioprosthesis in the aortic position on early in-hospital outcomes and long-term survival. Methods: A total of 5964 consecutive patients underwent aortic valve replacement at the Bristol Heart Institute between 1998 and 2014, 2667 representing the cohort of this study received EP. PPM was defined severe as EOAi < 0.65 cm 2 /m 2. To minimize bias, propensity score matching was conducted and two groups A and B (without and with severe PPM) of 320 patients with similar preoperative characteristics were matched. We assessed early in-hospital outcomes including CVA, re-exploration for bleeding, low cardiac output, wound infection, acute renal injury, length of hospital stay, and long-term survival for both groups in unmatched and matched populations. Results: In the unmatched analysis, 18.3% of patients had severe PPM. Severe PPM was not associated with increased in-hospital mortality (4.5% vs. 2.9%, respectively, p = .09) or any other early adverse outcomes except increased length of hospital stay (10.57 ± 8.2 vs. 11.7 ± 9.4, respectively, p = .01). Long-term survival differed significantly between groups at 2 and 8 years (91.8% vs. 91.4% and 60.5% vs. 55.7%, respectively, p = .02). Matched analysis showed no differences between the groups in early health outcomes and overall survival at 2 and 8 years was also similar (89.7% vs. 91% and 57.3% vs. 58%, group A vs. B, respectively p = .9). Conclusion: Presence of PPM does not seem to affect early in-hospital outcomes or late survival when using EP in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement.

Research paper thumbnail of Protective mechanisms of piperine against renal ischemia–reperfusion injury in rats

Pharmacognosy Magazine, 2020

Background: Renal ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major clinical problem associated with k... more Background: Renal ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major clinical problem associated with kidney transplantation, leading to high mortality and morbidity. IRI involves activation of oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways, eventually leading to cell death and organ failure. Piperine is a phenolic active ingredient of black pepper, which showed promising antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. Objectives: We hypothesized that piperine would protect against renal IRI in rats via inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation. Materials and Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were subdivided into four groups; sham, IR, IR + piperine, and sham + piperine. All animals have been treated for 4 days with either vehicle or piperine (100 mg/kg/day). One hour after the last piperine or vehicle administration, animals were subjected to bilateral renal ischemia for 45 min by clamping both renal pedicles, followed by reperfusion for 24 h. At the end of the experiments, kidneys were harvested for the determination of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde [MDA]), reduced glutathione (GSH), inflammatory and apoptotic markers, and histopathology. Serum levels of creatinine and urea have been determined. Results: Induction of renal IR increased renal oxidative stress (increased MDA and decreased GSH) and the expression levels of inflammatory and proapoptotic genes (nuclear factor-kappa B, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and caspase-3). Moreover, serum levels of creatinine and urea were significantly elevated. Alternatively, pretreatment of the animals with piperine resulted in normalization of these parameters. Conclusion: The results showed that piperine pretreatment protects against IRI in rat kidneys via mechanisms involving amelioration of oxidative stress along with inflammatory and apoptotic pathways.

Research paper thumbnail of Cryoablation of goiter irrespective of thyroid profile

QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 2020

Background Thyroid nodules are extremely common. By age 60, about one-half of all people have a t... more Background Thyroid nodules are extremely common. By age 60, about one-half of all people have a thyroid nodule. Cryoablation is used in a variety of clinical applications, using hollow needles (cryoprobes). Cryoprobes are inserted into or placed adjacent to diseased tissue which is desired to be ablated. Aim of work To evaluate the effect of Cryoablation on the size & function of thyroid noduleWhich may replace the need for surgery or radiotherapy. Patients & methods This is an interventional therapeutic study, conducted in Ain-Shams University hospitals; endocrinology clinic. Our study sample included 80 subjects, age between 20 & 60, having thyroid nodule diagnosed by ultrasound. Subjects were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 included 40 subjects “control group” who were not subjected to cryoablation. Group 2 included 40 subjects “cases” upon which cryoablation was done. Neck ultrasound was done for subjects & they were sampled for their TSH, free T4 & free T3 levels at start and af...

Research paper thumbnail of Serum Adropin Levels in Isoproterenol-induced Myocardial Infarction in Lean and Obese Male Albino Rats

Zagazig University Medical Journal, 2019

Background: Cardiovascular diseases such as acute myocardial infarction(AMI) are major causes of ... more Background: Cardiovascular diseases such as acute myocardial infarction(AMI) are major causes of morbidity and mortality all over the world,where obesity is a major risk factor for such diseases. Adropin,which is a peptide synthesized in the heart,is suggested to be released into the bloodstream after ischaemic cardiac injury. Aim: To investigate the effect of the ISO-induced AMI in normal and obese rats on serum adropin level and to define any potential association between its level and other cardiac enzyme markers,oxidative stress markers,proinflammatory and metabolic parameters. Material and methods: Eighty seven adult male albino rats were used.Seventeen animals died and the remaining animals(70) were divided into 5main groups:control group and four ISO-induced AMI groups where blood samples and hearts were taken at 1h.,2h.,6h. and 24 h.post AMI.Each group is subdivided into lean and obese subgroups.In all groups, serum adropin,cTn-I,CK-MB,CRP,TNF-α,oxidative stress markers(MDA,SOD,GSH and catalase),lipid profile,insulin and glucose levels were measured.HOMA-IR was calculated.ECG and blood pressure were recorded. Histopathological examination of the heart was done. Results: Our results showed that serum adropin levels were increased after AMI together with cTn-I,CK-MB,CRP,TNF-α,MDA,TC,TGs and LDL-C. Adropin showed positive correlation with abovementioned parameters in all studied groups. SOD,GSH,catalase and HDL-C were decreased after AMI with negative correlation with adropin in all groups. Histopathological examination revealed edema, inflammatory cell infiltration,congestion,haemorrhage and necrosis in ISO-induced AMI. Conclusions: Serum adropin can be used as an alternative biomarker to other cardiac enzyme markers(cTn-I,CK-MB)for early diagnosis of AMI especially in cases of obesity.

Research paper thumbnail of Cardioprotective Effects of Gallic Acid on an Isoprenaline-Induced Myocardial Infarction Rat Model

International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases

The use of antioxidants to protect against a wide range of human disease, including ischemic hear... more The use of antioxidants to protect against a wide range of human disease, including ischemic heart disease, has moved to the forefront in cardiovascular research. Gallic acid has shown promising effects against oxidative stress-induced disease; however, its effect in ischemic heart disease has not been well-studied. We designed the current work to investigate the potential protective effect of gallic acid against isoprenaline (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction (MI). Rats were injected subcutaneously with ISO, 100 mg/kg for 2 days, to induce MI. Gallic acid treated rats received 15 mg/kg gallic acid orally for 10 days prior to ISO injection. The histopathological examination of the Hematoxylin and Eosin-stained heart sections from the ISO treated rats shows karyopyknosis, hypereosinophilia, loss of striation, infiltration of macrophage in the interstitium, and thrombosis of the blood vessels, all of which indicate the induction of MI. In addition, ISO treatment significantly increased the plasma level of malondialdehyde and troponin-I, as well as the activity of alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase, compared to untreated controls. Pretreatment with gallic acid significantly attenuated the ISO-induced biochemical and histopathological changes, compared to untreated controls. Our results show that ISO induced oxidative stress-mediated MI, and that gallic acid protects the rat heart from MI, at least in part, through antioxidant mechanisms.

Research paper thumbnail of Tectonic-Thermal Evolution of the Wadi El-Dahal Area, North Eastern Desert, Egypt: Constraints on the Suez Rift Development

Minerals

The Suez Rift developed as a northern extension of the Red Sea rift during the Oligocene-Miocene,... more The Suez Rift developed as a northern extension of the Red Sea rift during the Oligocene-Miocene, whose flanks were constructed from the Neoproterozoic basement rocks of the Arabian–Nubian Shield. These basement rocks are comprised of the whole tectonic history since their formation. The Suez Rift initiation model and proposed thermal overprint role in the rifting process and flank development remain uncertain. Additionally, the amplitude of different regional tectonic events’ effects on the region is still debatable. Integration of fission-track thermochronology data with modeling of the time-temperature history has demonstrated efficiency in addressing such issues. In the context of this study, eleven representative samples were collected from the different rock units in the Wadi El-Dahal area at the northern tip of the western flank of the Suez Rift. These samples revealed Carboniferous zircon fission-track cooling ages of 353 ± 9 Ma and 344 ± 11 Ma. Meanwhile, the apatite fissio...

Research paper thumbnail of Reconstructing the Tectonic History of the Arabian–Nubian Shield in Sinai: Low-Temperature Thermochronology Implications on Wadi Agar Area

Minerals

The Arabian–Nubian Shield envelops the entire regional tectonic history from its formation during... more The Arabian–Nubian Shield envelops the entire regional tectonic history from its formation during the Ediacaran to the Red Sea/Gulf of Suez rifting in the Oligocene–Miocene. The occurrence and extent of the expected successive tectonic events on Sinai basement rocks remain uncertain. Integration of thermochronological techniques with time–temperature modelling has proven to be a powerful tool for thermal-tectonic history reconstruction. Therefore, we collected representative samples from the Arabian–Nubian Shield basement rocks of the Wadi Agar area at the eastern flank of the Suez rift. Zircon fission-track data show two cooling age possibilities of Ediacaran and Devonian ages. Meanwhile, apatite fission-track data represent three cooling age spans of Carboniferous, Triassic, and Cretaceous. The integration of these data with the modelled time–temperature histories reveals four different cooling events synchronous with the regional events; (1) the Neoproterozoic post-accretion eros...

Research paper thumbnail of Erosional reservoir for the northern segment of the Arabian-Nubian shield: Constrains from U-Pb geochronology of the lower palaeozoic succession, North Eastern Desert, Egypt

Research paper thumbnail of Minimal access surgery for congenital diaphragmatic hernia: surgical tricks to facilitate anchoring the patches to the ribs

Pediatric Surgery International

Objective Minimal Access Surgery (MAS) for Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) repair is well d... more Objective Minimal Access Surgery (MAS) for Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) repair is well described, yet only a minority of surgeons report this as their preferred operative approach. Some surgeons find it particularly difficult to repair the defect using MAS and convert to laparotomy when a patch is required. We present in this study our institutional experience in using an easy and relatively cheap methodology to anchor the patch around the ribs using Endo Close™. This device has an application in MAS for tissue approximation using percutaneous suturing. Methods and technique We retrospectively reviewed our database for patients undergoing MAS repair of CDH between 2009 and 2021. Outcome measures included length of surgery and recurrence rates after patch repair. Endo Close™ was used in all patients who required patch repair. We declare no conflict of interest and to not having received any funding from Medtronic (UK). The technique is as follows: (1) The edges of the diaphr...

Research paper thumbnail of Geophysical assessment for the oil potentiality of the Abu Roash “G” reservoir in West Beni Suef Basin, Western Desert, Egypt

Journal of African Earth Sciences

Research paper thumbnail of Timing of rapid cooling and erosional decay of two volcanic islands of the Canary Archipelago: implications from low-temperature thermochronology

International Journal of Earth Sciences

The Canary Archipelago comprises seven volcanic islands formed by the activity of the Canary mant... more The Canary Archipelago comprises seven volcanic islands formed by the activity of the Canary mantle anomaly that might have been caused by an ascending plume at the NW-African passive margin. The “Basal Complex (BC)”, which contains the islands pre-shield rock formations, is exposed in the northwest and central Fuerteventura and NW-La Gomera and preserves the archive of giant landslides that caused the removal of most of the shield-stage volcanic rocks. Tools, like low-temperature thermochronology (LTT) are sensitive to rapid cooling activities that accompany landslides. In addition, integrating LTT data with time–temperature (t–T) numerical modelling are a powerful tool for reconstructing the thermo-tectonic evolution as well as defining and quantifying long-term landscape evolution in a variety of geological settings. To unravel part of the long-term landscape evolution of Fuerteventura and La Gomera, zircon and apatite fission-track, and (U–Th)/He data combined with t–T numerical...

Research paper thumbnail of Left ventricular free-wall rupture: An unusual presentation of non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis

Perfusion

Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) is a rare, often asymptomatic, condition. A 55-year-... more Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) is a rare, often asymptomatic, condition. A 55-year-old woman presented with hemiparesis, facial palsy and chest pain. After urgent investigation, she was referred as a case of type A aortic dissection complicated by tamponade, myocardial infarction and stroke. Review of her imaging identified haemopericardium but no dissection, and emergency surgery proceeded considering her unstable condition. She underwent an emergency repair of left-ventricular free-wall rupture and excision of an aortic valve vegetation. Postoperative investigations confirmed a diagnosis of NBTE in the setting of a plexiform neurofibroma, and she was discharged 9 weeks later with residual neurological symptoms. This case poses a previously unreported acute presentation of NBTE and highlights the complexities in its diagnosis and management.

Research paper thumbnail of Cardioprotective Effect of Vitamin e Against Myocardial Infarction Induced by Isoprenaline in Albino Rats

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 2018

Objective: Vitamin E is an antioxidant which can help in the prevention of cardiovascular disease... more Objective: Vitamin E is an antioxidant which can help in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was to estimate the effects of Vitamin E on cardiac marker enzymes in isoprenaline (ISO)-induced myocardial infracted rats.Methods: Adult male albino rats were divided into three groups. The first group was the control negative group. The second group was the control positive group that was subcutaneously injected with ISO (100 mg/kg). The third group was pretreated with Vitamin E (100 mg/kg) once daily for 30 days, then subcutaneously injected with ISO at an interval of 24 h for 2 days. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cardiac troponin-I (CTn-I), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and histopathological examinations were measured. Comparison between groups was achieved by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test through SPSS software.Results: The levels of AST, ALT,...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparing the Outcomes of a Modified Technique Using a Spatulated Umbilical Cord Patch for a Scarless Primary Repair of Gastroschisis with Other Techniques for Primary Closure, a Multicenter Experience

Ain Shams Medical Journal, Jul 1, 2019

Background: The goal of the surgical management of gastroschisis is to return the bowel into the ... more Background: The goal of the surgical management of gastroschisis is to return the bowel into the abdomen without jeopardizing the viscera. Primary fascial closure (PFC) was historically favored due to improved outcomes. Aim of the work: To prospectively analyse the outcomes of primary closure of gastroschisis using Spatulated Umbilical Cord (SUC) technique, and compare with the retrospectively-collected outcomes of patients who underwent PFC.

Research paper thumbnail of Long-term topographic evolution of the African plate, causes and consequences for surrounding lithospheric plates

The African lithospheric continent has an extended history over 3.8 Ga and is tectonically active... more The African lithospheric continent has an extended history over 3.8 Ga and is tectonically active since more than 2.9 Ga. Ever since the topography of that continent was changing under influences of a series of endogenic (tectonic) and exogenic (surface) processes. Generally the earth's topography has major influences on the planet, examples include but are not limited to species distribution, forest succession, erosion, sedimentation, fluvial systems and climate. The topographic changes are accompanied by rock exhumations in either way of endogenic forces or as response to exogenic processes. These exhumation events could be 3.2.1 The High Elevated Rift Flank (The Rwenzori Mountains) 3.2.2 The Low Elevated Rift Flank (The Samra Mountain Area) 3.2.3 Canary Islands (Fuerteventura and La Gomera) 3.3 Geological Settings 3.3.1 The High Elevated Rift Flank (The Rwenzori Mountains) 3.3.2 The Low Elevated Rift Flank (The Samra Mountain area) 3.3.3 The Canary Islands 3.3.3.1 Fuerteventura 3.3.3.2 La Gomera island 4. Methods and Techniques 4.1 Basic principles 4.2 Fission-track thermochronology 4.3 (U-Th-Sm)/He thermochronology 4.4 Thermo-kinematic modelling and exhumation rates calculations 5. Rift with high elevated flanks (The Rwenzori Mountains) 5.1 Zircon (U-Th-Sm)/He data 5.2 Apatite fission track data 5.3 Apatite (U-Th)/He data 5.4 Thermo-kinematic modelling and exhumation rates 6. Rift with low elevated flanks (The Samra Mountain area) 6.1 Zircon fission track data XXII 6.2 Apatite fission track data 6.3 Thermo-kinematic modelling and exhumation rates 7. Volcanic islands in a passive margin Environment (Canary Islands) 7.1 Fuerteventura Island 7.1.1 Zircon fission track data 7.1.2 Apatite fission track data 7.1.3 Thermo-kinematic modelling and exhumation rates 7.2 La Gomera Island 7.2.1 Zircon fission track data 7.2.2 Apatite fission track data 7.2.3 Thermo-kinematic modelling and exhumation rates 8. Interpretation within the framework of plate tectonics 8.1 Interpretation 8.1.1 THE RWENZORI MOUNTAINS

Research paper thumbnail of The Potential Role of Erythropoietin on Fatty Liver Induced by Methionine Choline Deficient Diet in Adult Male Rats

Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences, 2022

With recent upsurge in obesity, the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is gro... more With recent upsurge in obesity, the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is growing globally. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of erythropoietin (EPO) therapy on NAFLD and the role of transforming growth factor beta one (TGFβ1). NAFLD was induced in adult male albino Wistar rats by administration of methionine choline deficient (MCD) diet. Serum level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), albumin, bilirubin, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), body weight, liver weight and liver weight /body weight ratio were measured in different experimental groups to assess the liver affection. Liver samples were taken for measurement of TG, TC, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) as well as histopathological detection of hepatic tissue injury and immuno-histochemical assessment of TGFβ1. As compared to the control group, MCD diet was found to produce a significant increase in serum level of AST, ALT, liver weight and liver weight/ body weight ratio, accompanied with a significant increase in liver tissue MDA, TNF-α and TGF-β1 immuno-histochemical scoring. However, there was a significant decrease in hepatic GSH level. It also resulted in significant elevation in hepatic TG and TC, significant decrease in serum TG and TC levels and non-significant change in body weight, serum albumin and bilirubin. These results were supported by histopathological changes in hepatic tissues in the form of steatosis of hepatocytes and inflammatory cells infiltration. These results were reversed by EPO treatment. EPO treatment showed a hepato-protective effects against the development of NAFLD with a significant preservation of liver functions and structure that could be explained by the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrogenic effect of EPO treatment.

Research paper thumbnail of STR-832: Ultimate Flexural Strength and Long-Term Creep Deflection for Structural Insulated Foam-Timber Sandwich Panels

The structural insulated panel (SIP) is a sandwich structured composite that is prefabricated by ... more The structural insulated panel (SIP) is a sandwich structured composite that is prefabricated by attaching a lightweight thick core made of Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) foam laminated between two thin, and stiff face skins made of Oriented Strand Board (OSB). The use of sandwich panels provides key benefits over conventional materials including: very low weight; high stiffness; durability and; production and construction cost savings. The facing skins of the sandwich panel can be considered as the flanges for the I-beam carrying bending stresses in which one face skin is subjected to tension, and the other is in compression. The core resists the shear loads and stabilizes the skin faces together giving uniformly stiffened panel. OSB is wood product that shrinks when dry and swells when adsorb moisture either due to liquid or vapor from the surrounding atmosphere. The relative combination of relative humidity and temperature is introduced into the equilibrium moisture content (EMC) tha...

Research paper thumbnail of Combined Zircon/Apatite U-Pb and Fission-Track Dating by LA-ICP-MS and Its Geological Applications: An Example from the Egyptian Younger Granites

Minerals, 2021

Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is classically used in U-... more Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is classically used in U-Pb dating to measure U and Pb isotopic concentrations. Recently, it has become frequently used in fission-track (FT) chronometry too. As an advantage, the U-Pb and FT double dating will enable efficiently determining the crystallization ages and the thermo-tectonic history concurrently as samples volume, analytical time, efforts, and cost will be greatly reduced. To demonstrate the validity of this approach, a Younger granite (Ediacaran age) sample from North Eastern Desert (NED), Egypt was analyzed for U-Pb and FT double dating. The integration of multiple geochronologic data yielded a zircon U-Pb crystallization age of 599 ± 30 Ma, after emplacement, the rock cooled /uplifted rapidly to depths of 9–14 km as response to the post-Pan African Orogeny erosional event as indicated by apatite U-Pb age of 474 ± 9 Ma. Afterwards, the area experienced a slow cooling/exhumation for a short perio...

Research paper thumbnail of Reconstructing the Thermo-tectonic history of the Rwenzori Mountains, D. R. Congo

Research paper thumbnail of Thermo-tectonic history reconstruction of the Rwenzori Mountains, D. R. Congo

The Albertine Rift forms the northern section of the western Rift of the East African Rift System... more The Albertine Rift forms the northern section of the western Rift of the East African Rift System (EARS) which was developed during the Neogene time. The Rwenzori Mtns evolved along the eastern rift shoulder of the Albertine Rift, rising up to form a striking feature within the rift valley. The scarcity of volcanic activity in the Western Rift has raised questions about the Rwenzori Mtns origin and evolution and how this fits into the general evolution of the Albertine Rift and the EARS. The Rwenzori Mtns represent the horst block in the Albertine Rift, with elevations reaching 5109 m a.s.l. (Margherita Peak). The main lithologies of the Rwenzori Mtns are gneiss, schist and amphibolite, subordinate intrusive rocks with various metamorphic overprint, and quartzite of Precambrian age (Tanner, 1971). All these units are intensively truncated by N–S, NW–SE, NE–SW and E–W trending normal faults, locally with a significant strike-slip component (Ring, 2008). The slope Rwenzori Mtns wester...

Research paper thumbnail of The impact of patient‐prosthesis mismatch on early and long‐term survival after aortic replacement with the Edwards Perimount valve: A propensity score‐matched analysis

Journal of Cardiac Surgery, 2021

Background: To investigate the impact of severe patient-prosthesis mismatch (PPM) related to the ... more Background: To investigate the impact of severe patient-prosthesis mismatch (PPM) related to the Edwards Lifesciences Perimount (EP) bioprosthesis in the aortic position on early in-hospital outcomes and long-term survival. Methods: A total of 5964 consecutive patients underwent aortic valve replacement at the Bristol Heart Institute between 1998 and 2014, 2667 representing the cohort of this study received EP. PPM was defined severe as EOAi < 0.65 cm 2 /m 2. To minimize bias, propensity score matching was conducted and two groups A and B (without and with severe PPM) of 320 patients with similar preoperative characteristics were matched. We assessed early in-hospital outcomes including CVA, re-exploration for bleeding, low cardiac output, wound infection, acute renal injury, length of hospital stay, and long-term survival for both groups in unmatched and matched populations. Results: In the unmatched analysis, 18.3% of patients had severe PPM. Severe PPM was not associated with increased in-hospital mortality (4.5% vs. 2.9%, respectively, p = .09) or any other early adverse outcomes except increased length of hospital stay (10.57 ± 8.2 vs. 11.7 ± 9.4, respectively, p = .01). Long-term survival differed significantly between groups at 2 and 8 years (91.8% vs. 91.4% and 60.5% vs. 55.7%, respectively, p = .02). Matched analysis showed no differences between the groups in early health outcomes and overall survival at 2 and 8 years was also similar (89.7% vs. 91% and 57.3% vs. 58%, group A vs. B, respectively p = .9). Conclusion: Presence of PPM does not seem to affect early in-hospital outcomes or late survival when using EP in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement.

Research paper thumbnail of Protective mechanisms of piperine against renal ischemia–reperfusion injury in rats

Pharmacognosy Magazine, 2020

Background: Renal ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major clinical problem associated with k... more Background: Renal ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major clinical problem associated with kidney transplantation, leading to high mortality and morbidity. IRI involves activation of oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways, eventually leading to cell death and organ failure. Piperine is a phenolic active ingredient of black pepper, which showed promising antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. Objectives: We hypothesized that piperine would protect against renal IRI in rats via inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation. Materials and Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were subdivided into four groups; sham, IR, IR + piperine, and sham + piperine. All animals have been treated for 4 days with either vehicle or piperine (100 mg/kg/day). One hour after the last piperine or vehicle administration, animals were subjected to bilateral renal ischemia for 45 min by clamping both renal pedicles, followed by reperfusion for 24 h. At the end of the experiments, kidneys were harvested for the determination of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde [MDA]), reduced glutathione (GSH), inflammatory and apoptotic markers, and histopathology. Serum levels of creatinine and urea have been determined. Results: Induction of renal IR increased renal oxidative stress (increased MDA and decreased GSH) and the expression levels of inflammatory and proapoptotic genes (nuclear factor-kappa B, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and caspase-3). Moreover, serum levels of creatinine and urea were significantly elevated. Alternatively, pretreatment of the animals with piperine resulted in normalization of these parameters. Conclusion: The results showed that piperine pretreatment protects against IRI in rat kidneys via mechanisms involving amelioration of oxidative stress along with inflammatory and apoptotic pathways.

Research paper thumbnail of Cryoablation of goiter irrespective of thyroid profile

QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 2020

Background Thyroid nodules are extremely common. By age 60, about one-half of all people have a t... more Background Thyroid nodules are extremely common. By age 60, about one-half of all people have a thyroid nodule. Cryoablation is used in a variety of clinical applications, using hollow needles (cryoprobes). Cryoprobes are inserted into or placed adjacent to diseased tissue which is desired to be ablated. Aim of work To evaluate the effect of Cryoablation on the size & function of thyroid noduleWhich may replace the need for surgery or radiotherapy. Patients & methods This is an interventional therapeutic study, conducted in Ain-Shams University hospitals; endocrinology clinic. Our study sample included 80 subjects, age between 20 & 60, having thyroid nodule diagnosed by ultrasound. Subjects were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 included 40 subjects “control group” who were not subjected to cryoablation. Group 2 included 40 subjects “cases” upon which cryoablation was done. Neck ultrasound was done for subjects & they were sampled for their TSH, free T4 & free T3 levels at start and af...

Research paper thumbnail of Serum Adropin Levels in Isoproterenol-induced Myocardial Infarction in Lean and Obese Male Albino Rats

Zagazig University Medical Journal, 2019

Background: Cardiovascular diseases such as acute myocardial infarction(AMI) are major causes of ... more Background: Cardiovascular diseases such as acute myocardial infarction(AMI) are major causes of morbidity and mortality all over the world,where obesity is a major risk factor for such diseases. Adropin,which is a peptide synthesized in the heart,is suggested to be released into the bloodstream after ischaemic cardiac injury. Aim: To investigate the effect of the ISO-induced AMI in normal and obese rats on serum adropin level and to define any potential association between its level and other cardiac enzyme markers,oxidative stress markers,proinflammatory and metabolic parameters. Material and methods: Eighty seven adult male albino rats were used.Seventeen animals died and the remaining animals(70) were divided into 5main groups:control group and four ISO-induced AMI groups where blood samples and hearts were taken at 1h.,2h.,6h. and 24 h.post AMI.Each group is subdivided into lean and obese subgroups.In all groups, serum adropin,cTn-I,CK-MB,CRP,TNF-α,oxidative stress markers(MDA,SOD,GSH and catalase),lipid profile,insulin and glucose levels were measured.HOMA-IR was calculated.ECG and blood pressure were recorded. Histopathological examination of the heart was done. Results: Our results showed that serum adropin levels were increased after AMI together with cTn-I,CK-MB,CRP,TNF-α,MDA,TC,TGs and LDL-C. Adropin showed positive correlation with abovementioned parameters in all studied groups. SOD,GSH,catalase and HDL-C were decreased after AMI with negative correlation with adropin in all groups. Histopathological examination revealed edema, inflammatory cell infiltration,congestion,haemorrhage and necrosis in ISO-induced AMI. Conclusions: Serum adropin can be used as an alternative biomarker to other cardiac enzyme markers(cTn-I,CK-MB)for early diagnosis of AMI especially in cases of obesity.