Sherry Heileman - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Sherry Heileman

Environmental development, 2016

Abstract Over the past two decades the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of the Un... more Abstract Over the past two decades the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has been a key actor in the global effort to promote sustainable use and management of Large Marine Ecosystems (LMEs). Among the Commission's LME initiatives are a global comparative assessment of LMEs under the Transboundary Waters Assessment Programme and the LME: Learning Exchange and Resources Network project, both supported by the Global Environment Facility, and annual meetings of the LME Consultative Committee. A brief description of each of these initiatives is given in this commentary.

Towards Marine Ecosystem-Based Management in the Wider Caribbean

Towards Marine Ecosystem-Based Management in the Wider Caribbean, 2011

Frontiers in Marine Science, 2021

For over two decades, the countries, subregional and regional level intergovernmental organizatio... more For over two decades, the countries, subregional and regional level intergovernmental organizations in the Wider Caribbean Region (WCR) have been engaged in an initiative to implement a regional governance approach for managing the shared living marine resources of the Caribbean Sea and adjacent regions. Given the inherent socio-economic and geopolitical complexity of the region, this approach has been recognized as essential to address the challenges associated with the interconnected nature of shared ecosystem goods and services upon which countries in the region depend. This paper uses a retrospective lens to shed light on the challenges confronting the region and its efforts to overcome them. It is based on the Large Marine Ecosystem Governance Framework developed specifically for the WCR in 2006 and characterized as “learning by doing.” Data were obtained for this study through desktop review of published literature documenting progress over the period 2001–2021 and insights re...

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 1998

... online 9 April 2002. Abstract. A preliminary mass-balance trophic model was constructed to de... more ... online 9 April 2002. Abstract. A preliminary mass-balance trophic model was constructed to determine the flow of energy in a community of fish and invertebrates on the continental shelf of the south-western Gulf of Mexico. Input parameters were taken from the literature, except ...

Caribbean Mar Stud, 2007

The Caribbean Large Marine Ecosystem (CLME) is the second largest sea in the world, covering an a... more The Caribbean Large Marine Ecosystem (CLME) is the second largest sea in the world, covering an area of approximately 2,515,900 km2 (NOAA 2003), and comprising some of the territorial waters and coastal areas of 39 bordering countries and territories. 2 The wellbeing of the 116 million people living within 100 km of the sea (Burke and Maidens 2004) is highly dependent on the services it provides as an ecosystem. Critical among these is the unique character of its coastlines and open waters, making it a desirable place to ...

Journal of Fish Biology, 1998

The food web in Terminos Lagoon, southwestern Gulf of Mexico was dominated by the detrital pathwa... more The food web in Terminos Lagoon, southwestern Gulf of Mexico was dominated by the detrital pathway, with benthic invertebrates playing a significant role in transferring energy from detritus to higher trophic levels. The fish yield per unit of net primary production was only 0•04%. Fractional trophic levels ranged from 1•0 to 3•31, with fish occupying the highest trophic levels. Using network analysis, the system network was mapped into a linear food chain and five discrete trophic levels were found with a mean trophic transfer efficiency of 7%. Analysis of mixed trophic impacts showed that fish had very little impact on the other compartments, due to their relatively low biomass and consumption, with exception of the Engraulidae. Detritus and lower trophic levels had significant positive impacts on other groups in the system, suggesting 'bottom-up' control of the food web. A high detritivory : herbivory ratio (4•6 : 1) indicated that most of the primary production was recycled through the detritus-based food web. A Finn cycling index of 7% and average path length of 10 were obtained.

ICES Journal of Marine Science, 2000

Marine Policy, 2007

A large marine ecosystem (LME) governance framework, developed from a need to effectively address... more A large marine ecosystem (LME) governance framework, developed from a need to effectively address the sustainable management of the shared living marine resources of the Caribbean, is proposed. The framework is based on four propositions and focuses on a ...

Bulletin of Marine Science, 1996

The energy budget of female whitemouth croaker Micropogonias furnieri was investigated in the fie... more The energy budget of female whitemouth croaker Micropogonias furnieri was investigated in the field in Trinidad, West Indies. Daily ration, determined from the variation in stomach content weight over a 24-h period and an exponential gastric evacuation rate model was 3.45%. Growth efficiency averaged 7.6% and decreased from 18.8% at age one to 2% at age seven. Reproductive effort increased steadily from 5.6% at age one to 6.9% at age seven and averaged 6.4%. Growth efficiency exceeded reproductive effort until age three, after which the reverse occurred following the attainment of sexual maturity.

Zoology Department. University of West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad. West Indies Present addre... more Zoology Department. University of West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad. West Indies Present address: Institute of Marine Affairs, P.O. Box 3160, Carenage Post Office, Trinidad, West Indies Reproduction, Age, and Growth of the Whitemouth Croaker Micropogonias furnieri fDesmarest 1823) in Trinidad Waters Abstract.Reproduction, age, growth, and mortality of the whitemouth croaker Mi~,.o-pogonias furn-ieri, in Trinidad, West Indies, were studied. Maturity was attained at 2 years of age for both sexes. Spawning occurred year-roWld with a peak from February to August. The condition factor varied with the reproductive cycle. The sex ratio was 1:1.3 male:female. FecWldity ranged from 17x103 to 37x105 eggs for fish measuring 27.6-57.2 cm total length. Relationships between fecundity (F) and total length (TL) in centimeters, and body weight (W) and ovary weight (Wg) in grams, respectively, were: F = 2 x 10-4TL5.56; F = 0.81 W1.88, and F = 22525Wg 81355. The length-weight relationship was W=0....

Bulletin of Marine Science, 1996

Spawning frequency and batch fecundity in the whitemouth croaker, Micropogonias furnieri, were de... more Spawning frequency and batch fecundity in the whitemouth croaker, Micropogonias furnieri, were determined in Trinidad waters. Average spawning frequency, determined from the frequency of females with hydrated eggs, was estimated to be 12 times a year. The relationships between batch fecundity (BF), which was the number of hydrated eggs in ripe ovaries, with total length (TL) and ovary-free body weight (BW) were BF = 2.9TL 3.2 and BF = 641BW-43285.1 respectively. Total fecundity was greater than previous estimates of fecundity which were based on conventional methods. Calculation of spawning potential ratio showed that at the present level of fishing mortality, the spawning potential of the Trinidad croaker stock is threatened.

ABSTRACT The fishery for snappers and groupers has traditionally been conducted at an artisanal le... more ABSTRACT The fishery for snappers and groupers has traditionally been conducted at an artisanal level in the nearshore waters of Trinidad and Tobago. Antillean fishtraps and handlines are the main gears used. with vermilion snapper (Rhomboplires auraruberrs). Caribbean red snapper (Lurianus purpureur), dogtooth snapper (L. jocu). lane snapper (L synagris). silk snapper (L. vivanus) and yellowedge grouper (Epinephelus flavolinibatus) being the major species caught. Although past fishing surveys indicated the potential for a ...

Age and growth were deter- mined for the yellowedge grouper, Epin- ephelus fl avolimbatus, and th... more Age and growth were deter- mined for the yellowedge grouper, Epin- ephelus fl avolimbatus, and the yellow- mouth grouper, Mycteroperca interstiti- alis, off Trinidad and Tobago. Age was determined from cross sections of sag- ittae and opaque rings were counted as annuli. From the monthly variation in marginal increment ratio (marginal increment divided by the distance be- tween the penultimate and outermost annulus), rings were found to be depos- ited annually from October to February in the yellowedge grouper. Monthly variation in the frequency of otoliths with an opaque margin showed that opaque rings were deposited from Sep- tember to January in the yellow - mouth grouper. Both species were found to grow slowly, to have long lifespans, and to achieve high asymptotic lengths. Ages between 3 and 35 years (282-985 mm TL) were found for the yellowedge grouper, for which the von Bertalanffy growth equation was Lt = 963 (1-e-0.099(t+0.08)), where Lt is length (mm) at time t (yr). Yello...

For over two decades, the countries, subregional and regional level intergovernmental organizatio... more For over two decades, the countries, subregional and regional level intergovernmental organizations in the Wider Caribbean Region (WCR) have been engaged in an initiative to implement a regional governance approach for managing the shared living marine resources of the Caribbean Sea and adjacent regions. Given the inherent socio-economic and geopolitical complexity of the region, this approach has been recognized as essential to address the challenges associated with the interconnected nature of shared ecosystem goods and services upon which countries in the region depend. This paper uses a retrospective lens to shed light on the challenges confronting the region and its efforts to overcome them. It is based on the Large Marine Ecosystem Governance Framework developed specifically for the WCR in 2006 and characterized as “learning by doing.” Data were obtained for this study through desktop review of published literature documenting progress over the period 2001–2021 and insights requested from 15 key individual and institutional contributors involved in the initiative. While the lack of financial resources was an underpinning and cross-cutting issue, key constraints identified were categorized as institutional, capacity building, awareness raising, leadership, legal, political, social capital, or socio-cultural. They include national capacity to engage with regional level processes due to a variety of factors including funding, political, and institutional challenges of developing a regional coordination mechanism, engaging the broader ocean community to create the critical mass needed, the difficulty of mainstreaming ocean affairs into high level political and decision-making fora and the scarcity of local, national and regional technical and political champions. This paper advances understanding of the barriers to be overcome in highly complex socio-politically developing regions if regional ocean governance initiatives are to play the essential role identified in the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, reaping the sustainable benefits of a blue economy.

Environmental Development, 2016

Environmental development, 2016

Abstract Over the past two decades the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of the Un... more Abstract Over the past two decades the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has been a key actor in the global effort to promote sustainable use and management of Large Marine Ecosystems (LMEs). Among the Commission's LME initiatives are a global comparative assessment of LMEs under the Transboundary Waters Assessment Programme and the LME: Learning Exchange and Resources Network project, both supported by the Global Environment Facility, and annual meetings of the LME Consultative Committee. A brief description of each of these initiatives is given in this commentary.

Towards Marine Ecosystem-Based Management in the Wider Caribbean

Towards Marine Ecosystem-Based Management in the Wider Caribbean, 2011

Frontiers in Marine Science, 2021

For over two decades, the countries, subregional and regional level intergovernmental organizatio... more For over two decades, the countries, subregional and regional level intergovernmental organizations in the Wider Caribbean Region (WCR) have been engaged in an initiative to implement a regional governance approach for managing the shared living marine resources of the Caribbean Sea and adjacent regions. Given the inherent socio-economic and geopolitical complexity of the region, this approach has been recognized as essential to address the challenges associated with the interconnected nature of shared ecosystem goods and services upon which countries in the region depend. This paper uses a retrospective lens to shed light on the challenges confronting the region and its efforts to overcome them. It is based on the Large Marine Ecosystem Governance Framework developed specifically for the WCR in 2006 and characterized as “learning by doing.” Data were obtained for this study through desktop review of published literature documenting progress over the period 2001–2021 and insights re...

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 1998

... online 9 April 2002. Abstract. A preliminary mass-balance trophic model was constructed to de... more ... online 9 April 2002. Abstract. A preliminary mass-balance trophic model was constructed to determine the flow of energy in a community of fish and invertebrates on the continental shelf of the south-western Gulf of Mexico. Input parameters were taken from the literature, except ...

Caribbean Mar Stud, 2007

The Caribbean Large Marine Ecosystem (CLME) is the second largest sea in the world, covering an a... more The Caribbean Large Marine Ecosystem (CLME) is the second largest sea in the world, covering an area of approximately 2,515,900 km2 (NOAA 2003), and comprising some of the territorial waters and coastal areas of 39 bordering countries and territories. 2 The wellbeing of the 116 million people living within 100 km of the sea (Burke and Maidens 2004) is highly dependent on the services it provides as an ecosystem. Critical among these is the unique character of its coastlines and open waters, making it a desirable place to ...

Journal of Fish Biology, 1998

The food web in Terminos Lagoon, southwestern Gulf of Mexico was dominated by the detrital pathwa... more The food web in Terminos Lagoon, southwestern Gulf of Mexico was dominated by the detrital pathway, with benthic invertebrates playing a significant role in transferring energy from detritus to higher trophic levels. The fish yield per unit of net primary production was only 0•04%. Fractional trophic levels ranged from 1•0 to 3•31, with fish occupying the highest trophic levels. Using network analysis, the system network was mapped into a linear food chain and five discrete trophic levels were found with a mean trophic transfer efficiency of 7%. Analysis of mixed trophic impacts showed that fish had very little impact on the other compartments, due to their relatively low biomass and consumption, with exception of the Engraulidae. Detritus and lower trophic levels had significant positive impacts on other groups in the system, suggesting 'bottom-up' control of the food web. A high detritivory : herbivory ratio (4•6 : 1) indicated that most of the primary production was recycled through the detritus-based food web. A Finn cycling index of 7% and average path length of 10 were obtained.

ICES Journal of Marine Science, 2000

Marine Policy, 2007

A large marine ecosystem (LME) governance framework, developed from a need to effectively address... more A large marine ecosystem (LME) governance framework, developed from a need to effectively address the sustainable management of the shared living marine resources of the Caribbean, is proposed. The framework is based on four propositions and focuses on a ...

Bulletin of Marine Science, 1996

The energy budget of female whitemouth croaker Micropogonias furnieri was investigated in the fie... more The energy budget of female whitemouth croaker Micropogonias furnieri was investigated in the field in Trinidad, West Indies. Daily ration, determined from the variation in stomach content weight over a 24-h period and an exponential gastric evacuation rate model was 3.45%. Growth efficiency averaged 7.6% and decreased from 18.8% at age one to 2% at age seven. Reproductive effort increased steadily from 5.6% at age one to 6.9% at age seven and averaged 6.4%. Growth efficiency exceeded reproductive effort until age three, after which the reverse occurred following the attainment of sexual maturity.

Zoology Department. University of West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad. West Indies Present addre... more Zoology Department. University of West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad. West Indies Present address: Institute of Marine Affairs, P.O. Box 3160, Carenage Post Office, Trinidad, West Indies Reproduction, Age, and Growth of the Whitemouth Croaker Micropogonias furnieri fDesmarest 1823) in Trinidad Waters Abstract.Reproduction, age, growth, and mortality of the whitemouth croaker Mi~,.o-pogonias furn-ieri, in Trinidad, West Indies, were studied. Maturity was attained at 2 years of age for both sexes. Spawning occurred year-roWld with a peak from February to August. The condition factor varied with the reproductive cycle. The sex ratio was 1:1.3 male:female. FecWldity ranged from 17x103 to 37x105 eggs for fish measuring 27.6-57.2 cm total length. Relationships between fecundity (F) and total length (TL) in centimeters, and body weight (W) and ovary weight (Wg) in grams, respectively, were: F = 2 x 10-4TL5.56; F = 0.81 W1.88, and F = 22525Wg 81355. The length-weight relationship was W=0....

Bulletin of Marine Science, 1996

Spawning frequency and batch fecundity in the whitemouth croaker, Micropogonias furnieri, were de... more Spawning frequency and batch fecundity in the whitemouth croaker, Micropogonias furnieri, were determined in Trinidad waters. Average spawning frequency, determined from the frequency of females with hydrated eggs, was estimated to be 12 times a year. The relationships between batch fecundity (BF), which was the number of hydrated eggs in ripe ovaries, with total length (TL) and ovary-free body weight (BW) were BF = 2.9TL 3.2 and BF = 641BW-43285.1 respectively. Total fecundity was greater than previous estimates of fecundity which were based on conventional methods. Calculation of spawning potential ratio showed that at the present level of fishing mortality, the spawning potential of the Trinidad croaker stock is threatened.

ABSTRACT The fishery for snappers and groupers has traditionally been conducted at an artisanal le... more ABSTRACT The fishery for snappers and groupers has traditionally been conducted at an artisanal level in the nearshore waters of Trinidad and Tobago. Antillean fishtraps and handlines are the main gears used. with vermilion snapper (Rhomboplires auraruberrs). Caribbean red snapper (Lurianus purpureur), dogtooth snapper (L. jocu). lane snapper (L synagris). silk snapper (L. vivanus) and yellowedge grouper (Epinephelus flavolinibatus) being the major species caught. Although past fishing surveys indicated the potential for a ...

Age and growth were deter- mined for the yellowedge grouper, Epin- ephelus fl avolimbatus, and th... more Age and growth were deter- mined for the yellowedge grouper, Epin- ephelus fl avolimbatus, and the yellow- mouth grouper, Mycteroperca interstiti- alis, off Trinidad and Tobago. Age was determined from cross sections of sag- ittae and opaque rings were counted as annuli. From the monthly variation in marginal increment ratio (marginal increment divided by the distance be- tween the penultimate and outermost annulus), rings were found to be depos- ited annually from October to February in the yellowedge grouper. Monthly variation in the frequency of otoliths with an opaque margin showed that opaque rings were deposited from Sep- tember to January in the yellow - mouth grouper. Both species were found to grow slowly, to have long lifespans, and to achieve high asymptotic lengths. Ages between 3 and 35 years (282-985 mm TL) were found for the yellowedge grouper, for which the von Bertalanffy growth equation was Lt = 963 (1-e-0.099(t+0.08)), where Lt is length (mm) at time t (yr). Yello...

For over two decades, the countries, subregional and regional level intergovernmental organizatio... more For over two decades, the countries, subregional and regional level intergovernmental organizations in the Wider Caribbean Region (WCR) have been engaged in an initiative to implement a regional governance approach for managing the shared living marine resources of the Caribbean Sea and adjacent regions. Given the inherent socio-economic and geopolitical complexity of the region, this approach has been recognized as essential to address the challenges associated with the interconnected nature of shared ecosystem goods and services upon which countries in the region depend. This paper uses a retrospective lens to shed light on the challenges confronting the region and its efforts to overcome them. It is based on the Large Marine Ecosystem Governance Framework developed specifically for the WCR in 2006 and characterized as “learning by doing.” Data were obtained for this study through desktop review of published literature documenting progress over the period 2001–2021 and insights requested from 15 key individual and institutional contributors involved in the initiative. While the lack of financial resources was an underpinning and cross-cutting issue, key constraints identified were categorized as institutional, capacity building, awareness raising, leadership, legal, political, social capital, or socio-cultural. They include national capacity to engage with regional level processes due to a variety of factors including funding, political, and institutional challenges of developing a regional coordination mechanism, engaging the broader ocean community to create the critical mass needed, the difficulty of mainstreaming ocean affairs into high level political and decision-making fora and the scarcity of local, national and regional technical and political champions. This paper advances understanding of the barriers to be overcome in highly complex socio-politically developing regions if regional ocean governance initiatives are to play the essential role identified in the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, reaping the sustainable benefits of a blue economy.

Environmental Development, 2016