Shirko Ahmadi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Shirko Ahmadi

Medicina dello Sport, 2020

BACKGROUND: Psychological researches on elite sitting volleyball (SV) players in international an... more BACKGROUND: Psychological researches on elite sitting volleyball (SV) players in international and national levels are extremely rare. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the quality of life (QOL) and mood states differences between elite SV players which qualified or not qualified for a national team. METHODS: Twenty-five elite Brazilian SV players, in two groups of the qualified (Q) players (N.=14; age: 30.6±6.7 years; BMI: 25.3±4 kg/m 2), and not qualified (NQ) players (N.=11; age: 33.9±10.5 years; BMI: 24.1±4.3 kg/m 2) volunteered for this study. They completed demographics, SF-36, and POMS questionnaires. Data were assessed by Mann-Whitney U-test, Pearson correlation, and a stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS: The Q players had significantly higher weekly training hours (P=0.001), higher emotional role (P=0.003) and social functioning (P=0.009) scores, and lower depressed mood (P=0.021) compared with the NQ players. The weekly training (r=0.62), depression (r=-0.46), emotional role (r=0.61), social functioning (r=0.55), and mental component summary (r=0.54) variables were correlated with playing level. From these variables, only the weekly training hours had a significant regression equation for prediction playing level of the SV players (R 2 =0.642). CONCLUSIONS: We found that time for SV training could be the key factor that a player should have in order to be selected in the national team of SV. These findings may help SV coach and athletes for having expediency in their training programs.

Journal of physical education and sport, 2018

Kinesiology, 2020

The aim of the present study was to describe and compare physical profiles and certain psychologi... more The aim of the present study was to describe and compare physical profiles and certain psychologicalaspects of sitting volleyball players in a national team and in a league team. Twenty-seven Brazilian sittingvolleyball players (15 from the national team, 12 from the league team) took part in this study. They completeddemographics, FANTASTIC, anthropometrics, handgrip, seated chest pass, modified agility T, modified speedand agility, and speed and endurance tests. Data were processed by χ2-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Pearsoncorrelation, and a stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. The national team players had significantlymore training time and better lifestyle (p<.01) than the league players. Significant regression equation resultsfor predicting players’ level included weekly training volume and hip circumference (R2=.68). In conclusion,national team and league players differed in just psychological aspects and magnitude training time, whichshow the importance of psycholo...

Human Movement, 2021

Purpose. Isokinetic dynamometers are machines that can supply multiple elements for measuring mus... more Purpose. Isokinetic dynamometers are machines that can supply multiple elements for measuring muscle strength, peak force, power, endurance, and angle of maximal force. the purpose of this study was to run a systematic review to find the quality of evidence in studies evaluating the gold standard isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex) in Paralympic sports. Methods. the search strategy was defined as: (‘Paralympic’ Or ‘Paralympic sport’ Or ‘Parasport’ Or ‘disabled athlete’ Or ‘athletes with a disability’) AND (‘strength’ Or ‘isokinetic’ Or ‘torque’ Or ‘muscle strength dynamometer’ Or ‘isokinetic dynamometer’ Or ‘Biodex’). Four databases were searched: PubMed, Cochrane, scienceDirect, and scopus. Results. From the 981 articles initially found, 10 records were finally included in this systematic review. Five articles were selected as high quality. the Biodex isokinetic dynamometer was introduced about 3 decades ago; still, a small number of papers (10) have been published on applying it in Pa...

The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, 2021

BACKGROUND Isokinetic strength has been useful to assess muscle function related to sports and pr... more BACKGROUND Isokinetic strength has been useful to assess muscle function related to sports and prevent injuries. The present study measured the isokinetic isometric and concentric shoulder rotators strength, agonist/antagonist ratio, and examined the relationships between isometric and concentric peak torque, and agonist/antagonist ratio in powerlifters compared to a control group. METHODS The participants were divided into two groups: powerlifters group (n=14) and physically active group (n=9). Participants' were evaluated on isokinetic dynamometer for isometric, and concentric (two velocities, 60°/s and 180°/s) strength of shoulder external (ER) internal rotation (IR). Isometric contractions lasted 10 seconds, and concentric modes were 5 repetitions. RESULTS Bilateral significant differences, between dominant and non-dominant side, were found in ER peak torque at isometric mode in powerlifters group (p=0.021). Powerlifters showed higher IR peak torque at isometric mode in domi...

Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche

Vascular occlusion training has been proved to be safe and effective training in achieving muscul... more Vascular occlusion training has been proved to be safe and effective training in achieving muscular strength and hypertrophy in healthy adults. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of vascular occlusion training for upper limbs on strength and hypertrophy in comparison with traditional resistance training. Six healthy men, 20-35 years old (body weight: 85.2±11.2 kg; height: 1.75±0.04 m) were randomly assigned to either a group that performed resistance training with vascular occlusion (OG) and a group that performed resistance training without vascular occlusion (NOG). The study period lasted 5 weeks with participants performing 2 workouts a week comprised of 3 sets of 15 repetitions (NOG: 70% to 80% of 1RM; OG: 30% load of 1RM) of 2 different exercises (elbow flexion and elbow extension) per session. Testing was performed pre-test and post-test for muscle strength (1RM elbow flexion and elbow extension), and muscle circumference of the elbow flexors, and elbow extensors by an anthropometric tape. Maximal strength was greater for both triceps (d= 0.6) and biceps (d= 1.7) exercises for NOG compared to OG. Muscle circumferences were greater for OG compared to NOG in both triceps and biceps exercises as well. This study provides evidence that the traditional resistance training using higher intensity (higher loads), requiring more neuromuscular control, generating greater overload and total work to the involved muscles.

Obesity and metabolism

BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with numerous comorbidities and affects various aspects of life... more BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with numerous comorbidities and affects various aspects of life, including quality of life (QOL) and sexual function (SF). Bariatric surgery (BS) is an effective treatment for obese people. Also QOL and SF after BS in the people are not well known. AIMS: To provide insight in the available prospective evidence regarding the short and long-term effects of BS on QOL and SF. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic multi-database search was conducted for quality of life, Sexual function and Bariatric surgery. Only prospective studies with QOL or SF before and after BS were included. The quality assessment tool for beforeafter studies with no control group was used to assess the methodological quality. RESULTS: Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies were assessed to be of fair to good methodological quality. Seven different questionnaires were used to measure both QOL and SF. A significant increase in QOL after BS and light increase in ...

The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness

BACKGROUND Sitting volleyball (SV) is a popular Paralympic game, in which shoulders of SV players... more BACKGROUND Sitting volleyball (SV) is a popular Paralympic game, in which shoulders of SV players are overloaded continuously during play. Nevertheless, shoulder girdle muscle function has never been measured in this population yet. The objective of this study was to investigate the dominant and non-dominant strength profile of male and female elite SV players on a glenohumeral level. METHODS A total of 13 Brazilian SV national team players volunteered to participate in this study (male: n= 6, age= 32.8 ± 4.1 years, body mass= 83.2 ± 19.4 kg, seated height= 1.47 ± .04 m; female: n= 7, age= 32.8 ± 4.1 years, body mass= 80.1 ± 17.9 kg, seated height= 1.36 ± .05 m). A Biodex dynamometer was used to measure internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) of the glenohumeral muscle strength at 60°/s and 180°/s velocities in a concentric/concentric mode. RESULTS It was observed that male SV players were stronger than the female players at both upper limbs. Concerning the side effects, significant differences were found for IR at 60°/s velocity (F= 7.55, p= .02) and ER at 180°/s velocity (F= 5.91, p= .03), with higher values on the dominant limb in comparison to the non-dominant limb for both the male and female players. There were significant gender differences for the IR inter-limb asymmetry at 180°/s velocity, with a greater asymmetry between both shoulders in the male players compared to the female players, preference for the dominant side in both groups. CONCLUSIONS The SV players have an asymmetrical rotational strength profile. As muscular imbalance is a common injury pattern among overhead players. The findings of this study may assist the SV coaches and physiotherapists for evaluation and training of strength of the ER and IR shoulders of these players.

Manual Therapy, Posturology & Rehabilitation Journal

Background: Depression is characterized by abnormal affective manifestations. This pathology is m... more Background: Depression is characterized by abnormal affective manifestations. This pathology is more frequent among women and is aggravated with the overweight/obesity. Regular exercises have been shown to combat the manifestations of depression, as well as to increase active behavior and improve the morphology. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of functional training on morphology, physical activity level and quality of life of obese women with depression. Methods: Four women with mean aged 32.5 ± 10.6 underwent 2 months of functional training, which performed twice a week, each session 1-hour training. Participants were evaluated in 3 times (T): T1) pre-test; T2) at the end of first month (mid-test); and T3) at the end of the second month (post-test). Results: We observed significant changes for the waist circumference variable, and presented a reduction in mid-test and post-test, in relation to the pre-test (p<0.05). No changes were observed for the variables weight and BMI. It was observed a significant increase in the level of physical activity, with the mid-test and post-test in relation to the pre-test (mid-test: p<0.05; post-test: p<0.01). All the indices evaluated by the SF-36 questionnaire showed improvement at mid-test and post-test relative to the pre-test (p<0.05). Conclusions: The present study suggests that engagement in functional training programs provides a significant improvement in aspects related to quality of life and depression, as well as an increase in the level of physical activity, even in the absence of weight reduction.

Manual Therapy, Posturology & Rehabilitation Journal

Asian Journal of Sports Medicine

Background: Sitting volleyball is a Paralympic team sport in which players use their upper limbs ... more Background: Sitting volleyball is a Paralympic team sport in which players use their upper limbs and hands to move and slide across the playing court. Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the differences in physical performance tests between the men and women of Brazilian sitting volleyball national team players. Methods: Fifteen sitting volleyball national team players, (seven men, age = 33.7 ± 6.2 years; body mass = 88.4 ± 21.4 kg; body height = 1.74 ± 0.36 m) and (eight women, age = 29.6 ± 8.3 years; body mass = 75.9 ± 17.1 kg; body height = 1.73 ± 0.08 m) with similar time and volume of training, participated in this study. As a physical performance evaluation, five test trials were conducted for each player which included (1) modified agility t-test (MAT), (2) speed & agility test (SAT), (3) speed & endurance test (SET), (4) seated chest pass (SCP) and (5) handgrip (HG). Data were analyzed for normality, using Shapiro-Wilk's test, and then a student t-test was used to examine the discrepancy of performance tests among the male and female players. Cohen's effect size (d) was calculated for each result. Results: There were statistically significant differences, between the men and women of the Brazilian sitting volleyball players with higher values for men in MAT (27 %, P = 0.001), SAT (22 %, P = 0.008), SET (23 %, P = 0.008) and SCP (19 %, P = 0.03) scores. Conclusions: Results showed that male players had higher scores in the five performance tests, but according to the effect size calculations there was no significant difference between male players and female players in HG performance.

Manual Therapy, Posturology & Rehabilitation Journal

Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies

Kinesiology, 2020

The aim of the present study was to describe and compare physical profiles and certain psychologi... more The aim of the present study was to describe and compare physical profiles and certain psychological aspects of sitting volleyball players in a national team and in a league team. Twenty-seven Brazilian sitting volleyball players (15 from the national team, 12 from the league team) took part in this study. They completed demographics, FANTASTIC, anthropometrics, handgrip, seated chest pass, modified agility T, modified speed and agility, and speed and endurance tests. Data were processed by χ2-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson correlation, and a stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. The national team players had significantly more training time and better lifestyle (p<.01) than the league players. Significant regression equation results for predicting players' level included weekly training volume and hip circumference (R2=.68). In conclusion, national team and league players differed in just psychological aspects and magnitude training time, which show the importance of psychological characteristics in elite sitting volleyball.

Gazzetta Medica Italiana, 2020

Obesity and metabolism, 2020

BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with numerous comorbidities and affects various aspects of life... more BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with numerous comorbidities and affects various aspects of life, including quality of life (QOL) and sexual function (SF). Bariatric surgery (BS) is an effective treatment for obese people. Also, QOL and SF after BS in the people are not well known. AIMS: To provide insight in the available prospective evidence regarding the short and long-term effects of BS on QOL and SF. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic multi-database search was conducted for 'quality of life', 'Sexual function', and 'Bariatric surgery'. Only prospective studies with QOL or SF before and after BS were included. The 'quality assessment tool for before-after studies with no control group' was used to assess methodological quality. RESULTS: Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies were assessed to be of 'fair' to 'good' methodological quality. Seven different questionnaires were used to measure both QOL and SF. A significant increase in QOL after BS and a light increase in SF were found in all studies (P≤0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both QOL and SF are increased after BS in both the short and long term. However, due to the heterogeneity of the studies and the generality of the questionnaires are hard to make a distinction among different BS and difficult to see a relation with medical profit. Therefore, designing QOL and SF measurements to the post BS population are recommended as the focus of future studies.

Manual Therapy, Posturology & Rehabilitation Journal, 2019

The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 2020

BACKGROUND:Sitting volleyball (SV) is a popular Paralympic game, in which shoulders of SV players... more BACKGROUND:Sitting volleyball (SV) is a popular Paralympic game, in which shoulders of SV players are overloaded continuously during play. Nevertheless, shoulder girdle muscle function has never been measured in this population yet. The objective of this study was to investigate the dominant and non-dominant strength profile of male and female elite SV players on a glenohumeral level. METHODS:A total of 13 Brazilian SV national team players volunteered to participate in this study (male: n= 6, age= 32.8 ± 4.1 years, body mass= 83.2 ± 19.4 kg, seated height= 1.47 ± .04 m; female: n= 7, age= 32.8 ± 4.1 years, body mass= 80.1 ± 17.9 kg, seated height= 1.36 ± .05 m). A Biodex dynamometer was used to measure internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) of the glenohumeral muscle strength at 60°/s and 180°/s velocities in a concentric/concentric mode. RESULTS:It was observed that male SV players were stronger than the female players at both upper limbs. Concerning the side effects, significant differences were found for IR at 60°/s velocity (F= 7.55, p= .02) and ER at 180°/s velocity (F= 5.91, p= .03), with higher values on the dominant limb in comparison to the non-dominant limb for both the male and female players. There were significant gender differences for the IR inter-limb asymmetry at 180°/s velocity, with a greater asymmetry between both shoulders in the male players compared to the female players, preference for the dominant side in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: The SV players have an asymmetrical rotational strength profile. As muscular imbalance is a common injury pattern among overhead players. The findings of this study may assist the SV coaches and physiotherapists for evaluation and training of strength of the ER and IR shoulders of these players.

Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 2018

The objective of this study was to determine the magnitude of body weight dissatisfaction and bod... more The objective of this study was to determine the magnitude of body weight dissatisfaction and body shape dissatisfaction between men and women. Participants were 369 (female: 204; male: 165) undergraduate student of Razi University. Age, height, weight, BMI, marital status, sport activity, economic status, Current and desired body weight and body mass index, Body weight dissatisfaction, Body shape dissatisfaction, Desired shape of parents' view, Desired shape of opposite sex view, Body weight/size importance and Weight loss attempts data were collected. Chi-squared (χ2) tests were used to examine differences in proportions of categorical variables. Independent samples t-test, Paired t-test, Bonferroni post-hoc test and Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted in current study. There was a significant difference between women and men in BMI, Desired BMI, Body Weight Dissatisfaction and Body Shape Dissatisfaction (p < .001). Also results of the Chi-square analysis revealed a non-significant association between gender and Body weight/size importance and gender and Weight loss attempts. Abs. val. body dissatisfaction had maximum effect on the Body Weight Dissatisfaction in both males and females. Among females, Body Weight Dissatisfaction was greater among those with higher levels of Abs. Val. Body Dissatisfaction and Desired shape of opposite sex view. Desired shape of parent's view was associated with lower Body Weight Dissatisfaction while Age, Economic status, Body Size Importance, Weight Loss Attempts, Current BMI, Marital status, Sport activity were unrelated to Body Weight Dissatisfaction. Generally, there was a satisfactory level of dissatisfaction with physical condition of both male and female students. It is noteworthy that the dissatisfaction between two sexes is different, meaning that because of the social-cultural criteria, women tend to be skinny and men to be muscular. Since present study has been carried out in the Islamic society of Iran, and in Islamic societies, the Hijab of women plays a significant role in the appearance of women. It is likely that the findings of this study are in contradiction with other related studies conducted in Western societies.

Medicina dello Sport, 2020

Journal of physical education and sport, 2018

Kinesiology, 2020

Human Movement, 2021

The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, 2021

Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche

Obesity and metabolism

The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness

Manual Therapy, Posturology & Rehabilitation Journal

Asian Journal of Sports Medicine

Manual Therapy, Posturology & Rehabilitation Journal

Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies

Kinesiology, 2020

The aim of the present study was to describe and compare physical profiles and certain psychologi... more The aim of the present study was to describe and compare physical profiles and certain psychological aspects of sitting volleyball players in a national team and in a league team. Twenty-seven Brazilian sitting volleyball players (15 from the national team, 12 from the league team) took part in this study. They completed demographics, FANTASTIC, anthropometrics, handgrip, seated chest pass, modified agility T, modified speed and agility, and speed and endurance tests. Data were processed by χ2-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson correlation, and a stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. The national team players had significantly more training time and better lifestyle (p<.01) than the league players. Significant regression equation results for predicting players' level included weekly training volume and hip circumference (R2=.68). In conclusion, national team and league players differed in just psychological aspects and magnitude training time, which show the importance of psychological characteristics in elite sitting volleyball.

Gazzetta Medica Italiana, 2020

Obesity and metabolism, 2020

BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with numerous comorbidities and affects various aspects of life... more BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with numerous comorbidities and affects various aspects of life, including quality of life (QOL) and sexual function (SF). Bariatric surgery (BS) is an effective treatment for obese people. Also, QOL and SF after BS in the people are not well known. AIMS: To provide insight in the available prospective evidence regarding the short and long-term effects of BS on QOL and SF. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic multi-database search was conducted for 'quality of life', 'Sexual function', and 'Bariatric surgery'. Only prospective studies with QOL or SF before and after BS were included. The 'quality assessment tool for before-after studies with no control group' was used to assess methodological quality. RESULTS: Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies were assessed to be of 'fair' to 'good' methodological quality. Seven different questionnaires were used to measure both QOL and SF. A significant increase in QOL after BS and a light increase in SF were found in all studies (P≤0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both QOL and SF are increased after BS in both the short and long term. However, due to the heterogeneity of the studies and the generality of the questionnaires are hard to make a distinction among different BS and difficult to see a relation with medical profit. Therefore, designing QOL and SF measurements to the post BS population are recommended as the focus of future studies.

Manual Therapy, Posturology & Rehabilitation Journal, 2019

The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 2020

Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 2018