Saneep Shrestha - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Saneep Shrestha
PLOS ONE, 2020
Background Despite readily availability of vaccines against both Hemophilus influenzae and Pneumo... more Background Despite readily availability of vaccines against both Hemophilus influenzae and Pneumococcus, pneumonia remains the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in children under the age of five years in Nepal. With growing antibiotic resistance and a general move towards more rational antibiotic use, early identification of clinical signs for the prediction of radiological pneumonia would help practitioners to start the treatment of patients. The main aim of this study was to reassess the clinical predictors of pneumonia in Nepal. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted between June 2015 and November 2015 at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, a tertiary hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. Children aged 3-60 months with a clinical diagnosis of pneumonia by a physician were enrolled in the study. Radiological pneumonia was identified and categorized as per World Health Organization guidelines by an experienced radiologist blinded to patient characteristics. We calculated sensitivity and specificity of clinical signs and symptoms for radiological pneumonia. Results Out of 1021 children with fever, 160 cases were clinically diagnosed as pneumonia and were enrolled for this study. Among the enrolled patients, 61% had radiological pneumonia. Tachypnea had the highest sensitivity of 99%, while bronchial breathing had the highest specificity of 100%. During univariate analysis, grunting, wheezing, nasal discharge, decreased breath sounds, noisy breathing and hypoxemia were associated with radiological pneumonia. Only hypoxemia remained an independent predictor when adjusted for all the factors.
Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences, 2019
INTRODUCTION: Prevention of disease is the necessity of today's life. Immunization is the mos... more INTRODUCTION: Prevention of disease is the necessity of today's life. Immunization is the most important component of preventive medicine. Knowledge and attitude of health professionals have significant role in increasing the acceptance of immunization. This study is aimed to determine the association between knowledge and attitude towards immunization and its practice among medical students and emphasis on the need of immunization education intervention among medical students. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Institutional based cross-sectional study among 397 medical students studying Bachelor in Medicine and Bachelor in Surgery (MBBS) was conducted in Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa, Nepal. Purposively 1st to 4th year medical students were selected. RESULTS: Among 397 students, 59% had good knowledge regarding immunization, 63% had positive attitude and 47% had applied the knowledge and attitude in practice. Level of knowledge, attitude as well as practice regarding im...
Advances in Preventive Medicine, 2020
Background. Low birth weight (LBW) is defined as the birth weight of live born infants below 2500... more Background. Low birth weight (LBW) is defined as the birth weight of live born infants below 2500 g, regardless of gestational age. It is a public health problem caused by factors that are potentially modifiable. The purpose of this study was to determine the socioeconomic, obstetric, and maternal factors associated with LBW in Lumbini Provincial Hospital, Nepal. Methods. The study was conducted using case control study design with 1 : 2 case control ratio. A total of 105 cases and 210 controls were taken in this study. Data were entered on Epi data software version 3.1 and exported to Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software version 25 for analysis. Characteristics of the sample were described using mean and standard deviation. Bivariate analysis was done to assess the association between dependent and independent variables. The ultimate measure of association was odds ratio. Variables found to be associated with bivariate analysis were entered into a multivariable lo...
PLOS ONE, 2020
Background Despite readily availability of vaccines against both Hemophilus influenzae and Pneumo... more Background Despite readily availability of vaccines against both Hemophilus influenzae and Pneumococcus, pneumonia remains the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in children under the age of five years in Nepal. With growing antibiotic resistance and a general move towards more rational antibiotic use, early identification of clinical signs for the prediction of radiological pneumonia would help practitioners to start the treatment of patients. The main aim of this study was to reassess the clinical predictors of pneumonia in Nepal. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted between June 2015 and November 2015 at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, a tertiary hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. Children aged 3-60 months with a clinical diagnosis of pneumonia by a physician were enrolled in the study. Radiological pneumonia was identified and categorized as per World Health Organization guidelines by an experienced radiologist blinded to patient characteristics. We calculated sensitivity and specificity of clinical signs and symptoms for radiological pneumonia. Results Out of 1021 children with fever, 160 cases were clinically diagnosed as pneumonia and were enrolled for this study. Among the enrolled patients, 61% had radiological pneumonia. Tachypnea had the highest sensitivity of 99%, while bronchial breathing had the highest specificity of 100%. During univariate analysis, grunting, wheezing, nasal discharge, decreased breath sounds, noisy breathing and hypoxemia were associated with radiological pneumonia. Only hypoxemia remained an independent predictor when adjusted for all the factors.
Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences, 2019
INTRODUCTION: Prevention of disease is the necessity of today's life. Immunization is the mos... more INTRODUCTION: Prevention of disease is the necessity of today's life. Immunization is the most important component of preventive medicine. Knowledge and attitude of health professionals have significant role in increasing the acceptance of immunization. This study is aimed to determine the association between knowledge and attitude towards immunization and its practice among medical students and emphasis on the need of immunization education intervention among medical students. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Institutional based cross-sectional study among 397 medical students studying Bachelor in Medicine and Bachelor in Surgery (MBBS) was conducted in Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa, Nepal. Purposively 1st to 4th year medical students were selected. RESULTS: Among 397 students, 59% had good knowledge regarding immunization, 63% had positive attitude and 47% had applied the knowledge and attitude in practice. Level of knowledge, attitude as well as practice regarding im...
Advances in Preventive Medicine, 2020
Background. Low birth weight (LBW) is defined as the birth weight of live born infants below 2500... more Background. Low birth weight (LBW) is defined as the birth weight of live born infants below 2500 g, regardless of gestational age. It is a public health problem caused by factors that are potentially modifiable. The purpose of this study was to determine the socioeconomic, obstetric, and maternal factors associated with LBW in Lumbini Provincial Hospital, Nepal. Methods. The study was conducted using case control study design with 1 : 2 case control ratio. A total of 105 cases and 210 controls were taken in this study. Data were entered on Epi data software version 3.1 and exported to Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software version 25 for analysis. Characteristics of the sample were described using mean and standard deviation. Bivariate analysis was done to assess the association between dependent and independent variables. The ultimate measure of association was odds ratio. Variables found to be associated with bivariate analysis were entered into a multivariable lo...