Silvia Hajos - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Silvia Hajos
PubMed, Aug 1, 1973
The methods for isolation and purification of a guinea-pig serum protein with homocytotropic anti... more The methods for isolation and purification of a guinea-pig serum protein with homocytotropic antibody activity and characteristics of IgE are described. By precipitation in the equivalence zone or immunoadsorption and chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, we isolated an homocytotropic antibody, that was not able to give a precipitin line when it was reacted directly with the antigen. It was capable of sensitizing guinea-pig skin for PCA after a latent period of 24–48 hours but not after 3 hours; it was sensitive to treatment with mercaptoethanol. It had antigenic determinants present in the other guinea-pig immunoglobulins and particular antigenic determinants. All these properties make us believe that this protein belongs to an immunoglobulin different from γ1 and similar to the reaginic antibody (IgE) described in other species.
Leukemia Research, 2001
Multidrug resistance (MDR) lines from a murine T-cell leukemia were selected in increasing vincri... more Multidrug resistance (MDR) lines from a murine T-cell leukemia were selected in increasing vincristine (VCR) or doxorubicin (DOX) concentrations. Daunorubicin (DNR) efflux was evidenced after 25 additional passages with constant 160 ng ml − 1 of either VCR or DOX, an effect that was inhibited by verapamil, cyclosporin-A (CsA) and PSC 833. The expression of Pgp was not evidenced in the resistant cell lines using anti-human Pgp antibodies. Cell proliferation assay showed that cell lines resistant to VCR (LBR-V160) or DOX (LBR-D160) required higher doses of either drug to produce GI 50 compared with control cell line obtained after culture in the absence of VCR or DOX. When resistant cell lines were maintained during 60 days in the absence of either VCR or DOX, MDR phenotype reversal was obtained in LBR-D160 while LBR-V160 remained resistant to the drug, as shown by cell proliferation assays and by drug efflux pump functionality. When VCR or DOX were used together with either CsA or PSC 833, the latter was more effective to produce reversal of resistance than the former, whereas CsA presented greater cytotoxic effect than PSC 833 for sensitive and resistant cells. Cross-resistance was found between VCR, DOX and other antineoplasic agents on murine leukemic cell line. VCR was more effective to induce MDR since the resistant cell lines were more stable to the MDR phenotype.
PubMed, Mar 1, 1973
Methods for isolation and purification of precipitating and non-precipitating guinea-pig antibodi... more Methods for isolation and purification of precipitating and non-precipitating guinea-pig antibodies are described. The physicochemical properties of γ1 and γ2 non-precipitating antibodies are similar to γ1 and γ2 precipitating ones. Biological properties are also similar excepting the reverse Arthus reaction, which is positive with the precipitating and negative with the non-precipitating antibodies. Bivalence of these antibodies was experimentally demonstrated. Precipitating antibodies K0 do not differ greatly from those obtained with the corresponding non-precipitating ones. The incapacity to precipitates with the antigen may be a consequence of a steric impediment.
Leukemia & Lymphoma, 2001
Cancer cells may frequently develop cross-resistance to structurally dissimilar chemotherapeutic ... more Cancer cells may frequently develop cross-resistance to structurally dissimilar chemotherapeutic agents. However, the molecular mechanisms for sensitivity and resistance of tumor cells towards chemotherapy are still partially understood. Antineoplasic drugs have been shown to induce apoptosis in chemosensitive leukemias and solid tumors. In this work, cross-resistance among vincristine (VCR), doxorubicin (DOX) and other antineoplasic agents commonly used in the treatment of leukemia such as etoposide (VP-16), methotrexate (MTX), cyclophosphamide (CTX), dexamethasone (DEX), cytarabine (Ara-C) and L-asparaginase on vincristine resistant (LBR-V160), doxorubicin resistant (LBR-D160) and sensitive (LBR-) murine leukemic T cell lines, was determined. The effect of antineoplasic agents was assayed by tritiated thymidine incorporation. Our results showed that VCR exhibited cross-resistance with DOX, VP-16, DEX and MTX, while DOX demonstrated cross-resistance with VCR, VP-16 and MTX. Ara-C failed to present cross-resistance with any cell line. Apoptosis induced by the above drugs on the same cell lines was analyzed by acridine orange and ethidium bromide staining, DNA hypoploidy (flow cytometry) and oligonucleosomal fragmentation of nuclear DNA showing that therapeutic concentrations of these chemotherapeutic agents induced apoptosis in the LBR- cell line. Our results demonstrated that, except for DEX, none of the drugs presenting cross-resistance were able to induce cell death on LBR-V 160 or LBR-D 160 cell lines.
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2021
Advances in cancer biology are revealing the importance of the cancer cell microenvironment on tu... more Advances in cancer biology are revealing the importance of the cancer cell microenvironment on tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Hyaluronan (HA), the main glycosaminoglycan in the extracellular matrix, has been associated with the progression of glioblastoma (GBM), the most frequent and lethal primary tumor in the central nervous system, for several decades. However, the mechanisms by which HA impacts GBM properties and processes have been difficult to elucidate. In this review, we provide a comprehensive assessment of the current knowledge on HA’s effects on GBM biology, introducing its primary receptors CD44 and RHAMM and the plethora of relevant downstream signaling pathways that can scramble efforts to directly link HA activity to biological outcomes. We consider the complexities of studying an extracellular polymer and the different strategies used to try to capture its function, including 2D and 3D in vitro studies, patient samples, and in vivo models. Given that HA affects not only migration and invasion, but also cell proliferation, adherence, and chemoresistance, we highlight the potential role of HA as a therapeutic target. Finally, we review the different existing approaches to diminish its protumor effects, such as the use of 4-methylumbelliferone, HA oligomers, and hyaluronidases and encourage further research along these lines in order to improve the survival and quality of life of GBM patients.
British Journal of Cancer, Oct 7, 2022
Chemotherapy mistreatment is partially due to a lack of rapid and reliable tools to discriminate ... more Chemotherapy mistreatment is partially due to a lack of rapid and reliable tools to discriminate between sensitive and resistant phenotypes. In many cases, the resistance mechanism is not fully understood, impacting diagnostic tools' absence. This work aims to determine the capacity of MALDI-TOF-MS profiling to discriminate between chemotherapy-resistant and sensitive phenotypes in leukemia and glioblastoma cells. A multivariate analysis of two therapy-resistant leukemia cell lines (Ki562 and Kv562) and two TMZ-resistant glioblastoma cell lines (U251R and LN229R) and their sensitive counterparts was performed. In this work, we first show MALDI-TOF-MS patterns analysis's ability to differentiate these cancer cell lines by their chemotherapy-resistant status. We present a rapid and inexpensive tool that would guide and complement the therapeutic decision.
Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 2021
Glycobiology, 2020
Glioblastoma (GBM), the most frequent primary tumor of the central nervous system, has a median s... more Glioblastoma (GBM), the most frequent primary tumor of the central nervous system, has a median survival of 14.6 months. 4-Methylumbelliferone (4MU) is a coumarin derivative widely used as a hyaluronan synthesis inhibitor with proven antitumor activity and without toxic effects reported. We aim to evaluate the antitumor effect of 4MU alone or combined with temozolomide (TMZ) on a GBM cell line, its absence of toxicity on brain cells and its selectivity for tumor cells. The antitumor effect of 4MU alone or combined with TMZ was evaluated on GL26 cells by assessing the metabolic activity through the XTT assay, cell proliferation by BrdU incorporation assay, migration by the wound healing assay, cell death by fluorescein diacetate/propidium iodide (FDA/PI) staining, apoptosis by membrane asymmetry and DNA fragmentation and metalloproteinase activity by zymography. The levels of hyaluronan and its capacity to counteract the effects of 4MU and the expression of RHAMM and CD44 were also d...
Scientific Reports, Jul 29, 2019
Hyaluronan (HA) is the main glycosaminoglycan of the extracellular matrix. CD44 is the most impor... more Hyaluronan (HA) is the main glycosaminoglycan of the extracellular matrix. CD44 is the most important HA receptor, and both have been associated with poor prognosis in cancer. Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by the presence of a constitutively activated tyrosine kinase (Breakpoint Cluster Region-Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog1, BCR-ABL). It is mainly treated with BCR-ABL inhibitors, such as imatinib. However, the selection of resistant cells leads to treatment failure. The aim of this work was to determine the capacity of HA (high molecular weight) to counteract the effect of imatinib in human CML cell lines (K562 and Kv562). We demonstrated that imatinib decreased HA levels and the surface expression of CD44 in both cell lines. Furthermore, HA abrogated the anti-proliferative and pro-senescent effect of Imatinib without modifying the imatinib-induced apoptosis. Moreover, the inhibition of HA synthesis with 4-methylumbelliferone enhanced the anti-proliferative effect of imatinib. These results suggest that Imatinib-induced senescence would depend on the reduction in HA levels, describing, for the first time, the role of HA in the development of resistance to imatinib. These findings show that low levels of HA are crucial for an effective therapy with imatinib in CML. It is known that the tumor microenvironment characteristics are crucial for the progression of several malignancies 1. One of the main components of extracellular matrix is hyaluronan (HA), a lineal non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan consisting of repetitive units of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. HA plays many physiological roles, such as the organization and maintenance of the tissue architecture, wound healing, leukocyte trafficking, and cell growth and differentiation, among others. HA also seems to play a role in stem cells niches where it would protect these cells from DNA damage. This function is accomplished through its antioxidant action and the activation of efflux pumps that extrude genotoxic compounds 2,3. The amount of HA in a tissue results from a complex balance between its synthesis by glycosyltransferases (hyaluronan synthases, HAS), its internalization via surface receptors and its degradation mediated by hyaluronidases (HYALs) 2,4-6. Changes occurring in any of these processes lead to an imbalance in the quantity and quality of HA. It has been demonstrated that low HA levels in bone marrow inhibit the capacity of the cellular microenvironment to maintain a normal hematopoiesis 7,8. In several solid tumors, the amount of HA exceeds the physiological levels enhancing cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis evasion and multidrug resistance (MDR) 9-13. These effects are exerted through the activation of several signaling pathways, such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK), as a result from the interaction of HA with its receptors, being CD44 the most studied one in oncology 14. However, little is it known about the role of HA on chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) progression. CML is a myeloproliferative syndrome characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph+), which encodes a constitutively activated tyrosine kinase (Breakpoint Cluster Region-Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1, BCR-ABL) 15-17. The first line treatment for CML consists of BCR-ABL inhibitors such as imatinib, nilotinib and dasatinib 15,16. Although imatinib is a highly effective drug for the treatment of CML, drug resistance may occur, leading to therapeutic failure. The identification of the molecules involved in resistance phenomena is then of great value for the development of novel effective chemotherapeutic agents.
Acta Bioquimica Clinica Latinoamericana, 2003
Base de dados : LILACS. Pesquisa : 383824 [Identificador único]. Referências encontradas : 1 [ref... more Base de dados : LILACS. Pesquisa : 383824 [Identificador único]. Referências encontradas : 1 [refinar]. Mostrando: 1 .. 1 no formato [Detalhado]. página 1 de 1, 1 / 1, LILACS, seleciona. para imprimir. Fotocópia. experimental, Documentos relacionados. Id: 383824. ...
Acta Bioquimica Clinica Latinoamericana, Jan 3, 2006
Clinical Toxicology, Jun 18, 2014
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Aug 1, 2004
Cardiotoxicity is one of the most significant reasons of attrition in drug development. The prese... more Cardiotoxicity is one of the most significant reasons of attrition in drug development. The present study assessed the sensitivity of various endpoints for early monitoring of drug-induced cardiotoxicity using human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiac cells, including precursors as well as mature cardiomyocytes, by correlating changes in cardiac biomarker expression. Directed differentiation was induced and cardiac progenitor cell (CPC) population were treated with cardiotoxic drugs, namely, doxorubicin (Dox) and paclitaxel (Pac), and with noncardiotoxic drug, namely penicillin G. To assess cardiac-specific toxicity, the changes in the expression of key markers of cardiac lineage, such as Nkx2.5, Tbx5, a-myosin heavy chain a-MHC, and cardiac troponin T, were studied using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and flow cytometry (FC). The half-maximal inhibition in the expression of these cardiac markers was analyzed from the dose-response curves. We also assessed the half-maximal inhibition (IC 50) in cardiac cells using propidium iodide dye (IC 50 PI) and by measuring disruption in the mitochondrial membrane potential (IC 50 MMP). We observed that the most sensitive marker was a-MHC in the case of both Dox and Pac, and the order of sensitivity of the various prediction assays was MMP > protein expression by FC > gene expression by qRT-PCR > cell viability by PI staining. The results could enrich the screening of drug-induced cardiotoxicity in vitro and propose disruption in MMP along with downregulation of a-MHC protein as a potential biomarker of predicting cardiotoxicity earlier during drug safety evaluation.
Cell Communication and Adhesion, 2002
Interaction between hyaluronic acid (HA) and CD44 has been considered a key event in tumor invasi... more Interaction between hyaluronic acid (HA) and CD44 has been considered a key event in tumor invasion and metastasis. HA is a linear, high molecular weight glycosaminoglycan in its native state, but fragmented low molecular forms are found at sites of neoplastic or inflammatory infiltrates. Both high and low molecular weights HA are involved in diverse biological functions. In this study, we used two clonal variants of a T cell murine lymphoma designated LBLa and LBLc. These cell lines were found to differ in their in vivo and in vitro growth rates. LBLa grew faster and exhibited an enhanced invasive capacity as compared to LBLc. In contrast, cell lines did not differ in the expression of surface markers (CD8, CD24, CD25, CD44, and CD18), or in their capacity to bind HA. However, LBLa cells exhibited higher capacity to migrate to low molecular weight HA than did LBLc. Migration was mediated by CD44 since it was abrogated by anti-CD44 monoclonal antibody as well as by hyaluronidase. We suggest that interaction between CD44 and low molecular weight HA may trigger migration mechanisms in LBLa cells, thus contributing to enhanced invasive cell capacity.
Acta Farmacéutica Bonaerense, 1996
PubMed, 2000
We have established and characterized a cell line (LBL) from a spontaneous murine T lymphoma LB. ... more We have established and characterized a cell line (LBL) from a spontaneous murine T lymphoma LB. Histopathological analysis has demonstrated LB primary tumor infiltration in spleen, lymph nodes, liver, thymus, bone marrow and lung. However LBL cells infiltrated all these organs except lung. Two sublines with different growth behavior were derived from LBL cell line. One of them grew in suspension as clusters (LBLc) while the other one grew as adherent monolayers (LBLa). Growth rate, response to mitogenic stimuli and apoptosis induction were different among the parental cell line and the derived sublines. CD44 was expressed constitutively in LBL and LBLa cells. In contrast LBLc cells only expressed similar levels of this molecule when stimulated with PMA. LBLa cells showed hyaluronic acid (HA) binding properties, while LBL and LBLc cells were not able to bind HA even when activated with PMA. We postulate that differences in HA binding could be related with different infiltration behaviors.
Life Sciences, Dec 1, 2021
AIMS Despite continuous improvement in the treatment of acute leukemia, new therapies are still n... more AIMS Despite continuous improvement in the treatment of acute leukemia, new therapies are still needed to overcome resistance and reduce adverse effects. The aim of this work was to study the tumor-suppressive effects of 4-methylumbelliferone (4MU) in human acute leukemia cell lines. In addition, we aimed to address the extent of these effects in relation to the inhibition of hyaluronic acid (HA) synthesis. MAIN METHODS HA levels were measured by an ELISA-like assay. Human acute leukemia cell lines were treated with 4MU, HA or their combination. Cell proliferation was assessed by the [3H]-Tdr uptake assay, metabolic activity by the XTT assay and cell death was determined by DAPI, AO/EB and AnnexinV-PE/7-AAD staining. Senescence induction was evaluated by SA-β-Gal and C12FDG staining. Total and surface RHAMM expression levels were assessed by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. KEY FINDINGS 4MU reduced metabolic activity and inhibited cell proliferation in all leukemia cells, and these effects were explained by the induction of senescence or cell death depending on the cell line evaluated. Exogenous HA failed to prevent most of the tumor-suppressive effects observed. Results from this work suggest that the tumor-suppressive effects exerted by 4MU would be explained by HA-synthesis-independent mechanisms. SIGNIFICANCE These findings broaden the knowledge of 4MU as a potential treatment in acute leukemia. We report for the first time the existence of tumor-suppressive effects of 4MU on human acute leukemia cell lines that are independent of its role as HA-synthesis inhibitor.
PubMed, Aug 1, 1973
The methods for isolation and purification of a guinea-pig serum protein with homocytotropic anti... more The methods for isolation and purification of a guinea-pig serum protein with homocytotropic antibody activity and characteristics of IgE are described. By precipitation in the equivalence zone or immunoadsorption and chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, we isolated an homocytotropic antibody, that was not able to give a precipitin line when it was reacted directly with the antigen. It was capable of sensitizing guinea-pig skin for PCA after a latent period of 24–48 hours but not after 3 hours; it was sensitive to treatment with mercaptoethanol. It had antigenic determinants present in the other guinea-pig immunoglobulins and particular antigenic determinants. All these properties make us believe that this protein belongs to an immunoglobulin different from γ1 and similar to the reaginic antibody (IgE) described in other species.
Leukemia Research, 2001
Multidrug resistance (MDR) lines from a murine T-cell leukemia were selected in increasing vincri... more Multidrug resistance (MDR) lines from a murine T-cell leukemia were selected in increasing vincristine (VCR) or doxorubicin (DOX) concentrations. Daunorubicin (DNR) efflux was evidenced after 25 additional passages with constant 160 ng ml − 1 of either VCR or DOX, an effect that was inhibited by verapamil, cyclosporin-A (CsA) and PSC 833. The expression of Pgp was not evidenced in the resistant cell lines using anti-human Pgp antibodies. Cell proliferation assay showed that cell lines resistant to VCR (LBR-V160) or DOX (LBR-D160) required higher doses of either drug to produce GI 50 compared with control cell line obtained after culture in the absence of VCR or DOX. When resistant cell lines were maintained during 60 days in the absence of either VCR or DOX, MDR phenotype reversal was obtained in LBR-D160 while LBR-V160 remained resistant to the drug, as shown by cell proliferation assays and by drug efflux pump functionality. When VCR or DOX were used together with either CsA or PSC 833, the latter was more effective to produce reversal of resistance than the former, whereas CsA presented greater cytotoxic effect than PSC 833 for sensitive and resistant cells. Cross-resistance was found between VCR, DOX and other antineoplasic agents on murine leukemic cell line. VCR was more effective to induce MDR since the resistant cell lines were more stable to the MDR phenotype.
PubMed, Mar 1, 1973
Methods for isolation and purification of precipitating and non-precipitating guinea-pig antibodi... more Methods for isolation and purification of precipitating and non-precipitating guinea-pig antibodies are described. The physicochemical properties of γ1 and γ2 non-precipitating antibodies are similar to γ1 and γ2 precipitating ones. Biological properties are also similar excepting the reverse Arthus reaction, which is positive with the precipitating and negative with the non-precipitating antibodies. Bivalence of these antibodies was experimentally demonstrated. Precipitating antibodies K0 do not differ greatly from those obtained with the corresponding non-precipitating ones. The incapacity to precipitates with the antigen may be a consequence of a steric impediment.
Leukemia & Lymphoma, 2001
Cancer cells may frequently develop cross-resistance to structurally dissimilar chemotherapeutic ... more Cancer cells may frequently develop cross-resistance to structurally dissimilar chemotherapeutic agents. However, the molecular mechanisms for sensitivity and resistance of tumor cells towards chemotherapy are still partially understood. Antineoplasic drugs have been shown to induce apoptosis in chemosensitive leukemias and solid tumors. In this work, cross-resistance among vincristine (VCR), doxorubicin (DOX) and other antineoplasic agents commonly used in the treatment of leukemia such as etoposide (VP-16), methotrexate (MTX), cyclophosphamide (CTX), dexamethasone (DEX), cytarabine (Ara-C) and L-asparaginase on vincristine resistant (LBR-V160), doxorubicin resistant (LBR-D160) and sensitive (LBR-) murine leukemic T cell lines, was determined. The effect of antineoplasic agents was assayed by tritiated thymidine incorporation. Our results showed that VCR exhibited cross-resistance with DOX, VP-16, DEX and MTX, while DOX demonstrated cross-resistance with VCR, VP-16 and MTX. Ara-C failed to present cross-resistance with any cell line. Apoptosis induced by the above drugs on the same cell lines was analyzed by acridine orange and ethidium bromide staining, DNA hypoploidy (flow cytometry) and oligonucleosomal fragmentation of nuclear DNA showing that therapeutic concentrations of these chemotherapeutic agents induced apoptosis in the LBR- cell line. Our results demonstrated that, except for DEX, none of the drugs presenting cross-resistance were able to induce cell death on LBR-V 160 or LBR-D 160 cell lines.
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2021
Advances in cancer biology are revealing the importance of the cancer cell microenvironment on tu... more Advances in cancer biology are revealing the importance of the cancer cell microenvironment on tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Hyaluronan (HA), the main glycosaminoglycan in the extracellular matrix, has been associated with the progression of glioblastoma (GBM), the most frequent and lethal primary tumor in the central nervous system, for several decades. However, the mechanisms by which HA impacts GBM properties and processes have been difficult to elucidate. In this review, we provide a comprehensive assessment of the current knowledge on HA’s effects on GBM biology, introducing its primary receptors CD44 and RHAMM and the plethora of relevant downstream signaling pathways that can scramble efforts to directly link HA activity to biological outcomes. We consider the complexities of studying an extracellular polymer and the different strategies used to try to capture its function, including 2D and 3D in vitro studies, patient samples, and in vivo models. Given that HA affects not only migration and invasion, but also cell proliferation, adherence, and chemoresistance, we highlight the potential role of HA as a therapeutic target. Finally, we review the different existing approaches to diminish its protumor effects, such as the use of 4-methylumbelliferone, HA oligomers, and hyaluronidases and encourage further research along these lines in order to improve the survival and quality of life of GBM patients.
British Journal of Cancer, Oct 7, 2022
Chemotherapy mistreatment is partially due to a lack of rapid and reliable tools to discriminate ... more Chemotherapy mistreatment is partially due to a lack of rapid and reliable tools to discriminate between sensitive and resistant phenotypes. In many cases, the resistance mechanism is not fully understood, impacting diagnostic tools' absence. This work aims to determine the capacity of MALDI-TOF-MS profiling to discriminate between chemotherapy-resistant and sensitive phenotypes in leukemia and glioblastoma cells. A multivariate analysis of two therapy-resistant leukemia cell lines (Ki562 and Kv562) and two TMZ-resistant glioblastoma cell lines (U251R and LN229R) and their sensitive counterparts was performed. In this work, we first show MALDI-TOF-MS patterns analysis's ability to differentiate these cancer cell lines by their chemotherapy-resistant status. We present a rapid and inexpensive tool that would guide and complement the therapeutic decision.
Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 2021
Glycobiology, 2020
Glioblastoma (GBM), the most frequent primary tumor of the central nervous system, has a median s... more Glioblastoma (GBM), the most frequent primary tumor of the central nervous system, has a median survival of 14.6 months. 4-Methylumbelliferone (4MU) is a coumarin derivative widely used as a hyaluronan synthesis inhibitor with proven antitumor activity and without toxic effects reported. We aim to evaluate the antitumor effect of 4MU alone or combined with temozolomide (TMZ) on a GBM cell line, its absence of toxicity on brain cells and its selectivity for tumor cells. The antitumor effect of 4MU alone or combined with TMZ was evaluated on GL26 cells by assessing the metabolic activity through the XTT assay, cell proliferation by BrdU incorporation assay, migration by the wound healing assay, cell death by fluorescein diacetate/propidium iodide (FDA/PI) staining, apoptosis by membrane asymmetry and DNA fragmentation and metalloproteinase activity by zymography. The levels of hyaluronan and its capacity to counteract the effects of 4MU and the expression of RHAMM and CD44 were also d...
Scientific Reports, Jul 29, 2019
Hyaluronan (HA) is the main glycosaminoglycan of the extracellular matrix. CD44 is the most impor... more Hyaluronan (HA) is the main glycosaminoglycan of the extracellular matrix. CD44 is the most important HA receptor, and both have been associated with poor prognosis in cancer. Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by the presence of a constitutively activated tyrosine kinase (Breakpoint Cluster Region-Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog1, BCR-ABL). It is mainly treated with BCR-ABL inhibitors, such as imatinib. However, the selection of resistant cells leads to treatment failure. The aim of this work was to determine the capacity of HA (high molecular weight) to counteract the effect of imatinib in human CML cell lines (K562 and Kv562). We demonstrated that imatinib decreased HA levels and the surface expression of CD44 in both cell lines. Furthermore, HA abrogated the anti-proliferative and pro-senescent effect of Imatinib without modifying the imatinib-induced apoptosis. Moreover, the inhibition of HA synthesis with 4-methylumbelliferone enhanced the anti-proliferative effect of imatinib. These results suggest that Imatinib-induced senescence would depend on the reduction in HA levels, describing, for the first time, the role of HA in the development of resistance to imatinib. These findings show that low levels of HA are crucial for an effective therapy with imatinib in CML. It is known that the tumor microenvironment characteristics are crucial for the progression of several malignancies 1. One of the main components of extracellular matrix is hyaluronan (HA), a lineal non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan consisting of repetitive units of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. HA plays many physiological roles, such as the organization and maintenance of the tissue architecture, wound healing, leukocyte trafficking, and cell growth and differentiation, among others. HA also seems to play a role in stem cells niches where it would protect these cells from DNA damage. This function is accomplished through its antioxidant action and the activation of efflux pumps that extrude genotoxic compounds 2,3. The amount of HA in a tissue results from a complex balance between its synthesis by glycosyltransferases (hyaluronan synthases, HAS), its internalization via surface receptors and its degradation mediated by hyaluronidases (HYALs) 2,4-6. Changes occurring in any of these processes lead to an imbalance in the quantity and quality of HA. It has been demonstrated that low HA levels in bone marrow inhibit the capacity of the cellular microenvironment to maintain a normal hematopoiesis 7,8. In several solid tumors, the amount of HA exceeds the physiological levels enhancing cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis evasion and multidrug resistance (MDR) 9-13. These effects are exerted through the activation of several signaling pathways, such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK), as a result from the interaction of HA with its receptors, being CD44 the most studied one in oncology 14. However, little is it known about the role of HA on chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) progression. CML is a myeloproliferative syndrome characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph+), which encodes a constitutively activated tyrosine kinase (Breakpoint Cluster Region-Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1, BCR-ABL) 15-17. The first line treatment for CML consists of BCR-ABL inhibitors such as imatinib, nilotinib and dasatinib 15,16. Although imatinib is a highly effective drug for the treatment of CML, drug resistance may occur, leading to therapeutic failure. The identification of the molecules involved in resistance phenomena is then of great value for the development of novel effective chemotherapeutic agents.
Acta Bioquimica Clinica Latinoamericana, 2003
Base de dados : LILACS. Pesquisa : 383824 [Identificador único]. Referências encontradas : 1 [ref... more Base de dados : LILACS. Pesquisa : 383824 [Identificador único]. Referências encontradas : 1 [refinar]. Mostrando: 1 .. 1 no formato [Detalhado]. página 1 de 1, 1 / 1, LILACS, seleciona. para imprimir. Fotocópia. experimental, Documentos relacionados. Id: 383824. ...
Acta Bioquimica Clinica Latinoamericana, Jan 3, 2006
Clinical Toxicology, Jun 18, 2014
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Aug 1, 2004
Cardiotoxicity is one of the most significant reasons of attrition in drug development. The prese... more Cardiotoxicity is one of the most significant reasons of attrition in drug development. The present study assessed the sensitivity of various endpoints for early monitoring of drug-induced cardiotoxicity using human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiac cells, including precursors as well as mature cardiomyocytes, by correlating changes in cardiac biomarker expression. Directed differentiation was induced and cardiac progenitor cell (CPC) population were treated with cardiotoxic drugs, namely, doxorubicin (Dox) and paclitaxel (Pac), and with noncardiotoxic drug, namely penicillin G. To assess cardiac-specific toxicity, the changes in the expression of key markers of cardiac lineage, such as Nkx2.5, Tbx5, a-myosin heavy chain a-MHC, and cardiac troponin T, were studied using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and flow cytometry (FC). The half-maximal inhibition in the expression of these cardiac markers was analyzed from the dose-response curves. We also assessed the half-maximal inhibition (IC 50) in cardiac cells using propidium iodide dye (IC 50 PI) and by measuring disruption in the mitochondrial membrane potential (IC 50 MMP). We observed that the most sensitive marker was a-MHC in the case of both Dox and Pac, and the order of sensitivity of the various prediction assays was MMP > protein expression by FC > gene expression by qRT-PCR > cell viability by PI staining. The results could enrich the screening of drug-induced cardiotoxicity in vitro and propose disruption in MMP along with downregulation of a-MHC protein as a potential biomarker of predicting cardiotoxicity earlier during drug safety evaluation.
Cell Communication and Adhesion, 2002
Interaction between hyaluronic acid (HA) and CD44 has been considered a key event in tumor invasi... more Interaction between hyaluronic acid (HA) and CD44 has been considered a key event in tumor invasion and metastasis. HA is a linear, high molecular weight glycosaminoglycan in its native state, but fragmented low molecular forms are found at sites of neoplastic or inflammatory infiltrates. Both high and low molecular weights HA are involved in diverse biological functions. In this study, we used two clonal variants of a T cell murine lymphoma designated LBLa and LBLc. These cell lines were found to differ in their in vivo and in vitro growth rates. LBLa grew faster and exhibited an enhanced invasive capacity as compared to LBLc. In contrast, cell lines did not differ in the expression of surface markers (CD8, CD24, CD25, CD44, and CD18), or in their capacity to bind HA. However, LBLa cells exhibited higher capacity to migrate to low molecular weight HA than did LBLc. Migration was mediated by CD44 since it was abrogated by anti-CD44 monoclonal antibody as well as by hyaluronidase. We suggest that interaction between CD44 and low molecular weight HA may trigger migration mechanisms in LBLa cells, thus contributing to enhanced invasive cell capacity.
Acta Farmacéutica Bonaerense, 1996
PubMed, 2000
We have established and characterized a cell line (LBL) from a spontaneous murine T lymphoma LB. ... more We have established and characterized a cell line (LBL) from a spontaneous murine T lymphoma LB. Histopathological analysis has demonstrated LB primary tumor infiltration in spleen, lymph nodes, liver, thymus, bone marrow and lung. However LBL cells infiltrated all these organs except lung. Two sublines with different growth behavior were derived from LBL cell line. One of them grew in suspension as clusters (LBLc) while the other one grew as adherent monolayers (LBLa). Growth rate, response to mitogenic stimuli and apoptosis induction were different among the parental cell line and the derived sublines. CD44 was expressed constitutively in LBL and LBLa cells. In contrast LBLc cells only expressed similar levels of this molecule when stimulated with PMA. LBLa cells showed hyaluronic acid (HA) binding properties, while LBL and LBLc cells were not able to bind HA even when activated with PMA. We postulate that differences in HA binding could be related with different infiltration behaviors.
Life Sciences, Dec 1, 2021
AIMS Despite continuous improvement in the treatment of acute leukemia, new therapies are still n... more AIMS Despite continuous improvement in the treatment of acute leukemia, new therapies are still needed to overcome resistance and reduce adverse effects. The aim of this work was to study the tumor-suppressive effects of 4-methylumbelliferone (4MU) in human acute leukemia cell lines. In addition, we aimed to address the extent of these effects in relation to the inhibition of hyaluronic acid (HA) synthesis. MAIN METHODS HA levels were measured by an ELISA-like assay. Human acute leukemia cell lines were treated with 4MU, HA or their combination. Cell proliferation was assessed by the [3H]-Tdr uptake assay, metabolic activity by the XTT assay and cell death was determined by DAPI, AO/EB and AnnexinV-PE/7-AAD staining. Senescence induction was evaluated by SA-β-Gal and C12FDG staining. Total and surface RHAMM expression levels were assessed by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. KEY FINDINGS 4MU reduced metabolic activity and inhibited cell proliferation in all leukemia cells, and these effects were explained by the induction of senescence or cell death depending on the cell line evaluated. Exogenous HA failed to prevent most of the tumor-suppressive effects observed. Results from this work suggest that the tumor-suppressive effects exerted by 4MU would be explained by HA-synthesis-independent mechanisms. SIGNIFICANCE These findings broaden the knowledge of 4MU as a potential treatment in acute leukemia. We report for the first time the existence of tumor-suppressive effects of 4MU on human acute leukemia cell lines that are independent of its role as HA-synthesis inhibitor.