Siuli Das - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Siuli Das

Research paper thumbnail of Hydroponics System for Soilless Farming Integrated with Android Application by Internet of Things and MQTT Broker

2019 IEEE Pune Section International Conference (PuneCon), 2019

Food, water and land, are the most essential resources to mankind, and these three resources are ... more Food, water and land, are the most essential resources to mankind, and these three resources are dependent on each other. Without proper soil or land and proper quantity of water, one cannot produce a healthy batch of crops. This is the problem of the current age due to lack of quality water and land. Climate change also affects the quantity and quality of the yield which, in coming years, may directly affect the economy of a country directly. Many countries may suffer from economical crisis due to lack of food production. A solution is needed to preserve the water resources and to maximize the profit per square feet of land which will help in production of higher quality and quantity yield, and directly or indirectly, profits the farmer or economy of the country or region. Hydroponics is such a system for farming which uses only water and nutrients for growing most terrestrial plants without the use of soil. Hydroponics can be implemented in urban location but it requires prerequisite knowledge and regular monitoring. To solve the above problem, automatizing of the entire process with sensors and micro-controller has been reported in this paper. Here an IoT based hydroponics system parameters are monitored via Android application. This will further help for improvement in system based on data generated from multiple hydroponics farms.

Research paper thumbnail of Performance of a constant phase element (CPE) sensor to detect adulteration in cow-milk with whey

2009 IEEE Sensors, 2009

In this paper, the performance of a constant phase element (CPE) sensor has been studied for dete... more In this paper, the performance of a constant phase element (CPE) sensor has been studied for detecting adulteration of cow-milk with whey. Addition of whey in milk increases its volume and makes it acidic but the percentage of lactose content does not change significantly. Hence, addition of neutralizers like NaOH will balances the pH value of the adulterated milk and

Research paper thumbnail of Integration of Machine Learning and IoT System for Monitoring Different Parameters and Optimizing farming

2021 International Conference on Intelligent Technologies (CONIT), 2021

Agriculture or farming is something from which any country can rule in the world. Many countries ... more Agriculture or farming is something from which any country can rule in the world. Many countries are developing new techniques for farming. In this paper, we have introduced a better tool for growing plants considering Hydroponics, the base of the system. From this, one can produce better plants in their home as well. While growing plant some factor consideration is important like temperature, humidity, nutrient content in the soil or soil moisture. With proper supervision, these factors are controlled. We implemented a Machine Learning setup in the field. All sensors(pH Sensor, DHT 11 Sensor, DS18B20 Sensor) sensing their respective parameters which are required to observe for monitoring of plants. All the data collected from different sensors are saved in a text file which is converted into a CSV file for machine learning algorithm and also this text file is sent to Thingspeak server for monitoring purpose which aggregate, visualize and analyse live data streams in the cloud. In urban areas due to the development everywhere, there has been a lot of land shortage and in rural areas due to lack of knowledge, even today, the old farming technique is used which takes much time and much water. The technique introduced in this paper can solve the problems of the farmers in rural areas as well as in urban areas.

Research paper thumbnail of Design and Development of Fractional Order Element Based Milk Adulteration Detection System

Research paper thumbnail of Constant-Phase-Angle; Milk Adulteration; Liquid-Whey; Automatic Sensing System; Phase Detector Circuit

In this work, a low cost automatic sensing system is proposed to detect 'synthetic milk',... more In this work, a low cost automatic sensing system is proposed to detect 'synthetic milk', which has been reconstructed after adulterating the milk with 'liquid-whey'. The constant-phase angle (CPA) based sensor detects the synthetic milk and a micro-controller based circuit drives a stepper motor to close the valve installed at the outlet of the milk supply line to prevent mixing. The sensor is stick type, rigid and hence it is easy to mount. The electrodes of the sensor are coated with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) film, which makes it bio-compatible and suitable for the application.

Research paper thumbnail of Design and Implementation of Autonomous Rover for Wildfire Extinguishing

2020 IEEE International Conference for Innovation in Technology (INOCON), 2020

Fire recognition and extinguishing it are the dangerous occupations that perpetually put the life... more Fire recognition and extinguishing it are the dangerous occupations that perpetually put the life of a fireman in harm's way. By placing a versatile wanderer to play out this assignment in a fire-inclined region, it can help to stay away from untoward episodes or lives lost. This paper presents advancement of a Self-sufficient Putting out fires Meanderer that is outfitted with the fundamental battling gear that has the ability to watch from the dangerous area by means of a GPS with the point of initial recognition of fire catch. At a point when the fire source is distinguished, the fire will be quickly stifled utilizing the fire quenching framework that is built on its foundation. To find out the shortest path, A* Algorithm is reported in this paper. The undertakings for the Rover once it explores out of the watching course incorporate the impediment evasion utilizing Ultrasonic sensor, situating for progressively exact area of fire catch utilizing rear fire sensors and douse the fire. Advancement work done till now on this stage has indicated its plausibility of being an independent unit to screen a recommended zone, identify for fire and stifle the fire. Its speedy and productive reaction to test circumstances exhibits its unwavering quality of use in certifiable cases.

Research paper thumbnail of Automatic Detection of Orange Juice Adulteration using Constant Phase Element-based Impedance Sensor

2018 4th International Conference for Convergence in Technology (I2CT), 2018

In this paper, an impedance sensor which is an easy to use constant phase element (CPE) is used w... more In this paper, an impedance sensor which is an easy to use constant phase element (CPE) is used with an aim of detection and automation of fruit juice adulteration. As the ionic property of the adulterated fruit juice changes, so does the impedance sensor's constant value phase angle. The conditioned output from the sensor by a phase detector circuit converted into the respective voltage level informs us about adulteration that should remain constant for some range of frequencies. This conditioned output is later sent to an Arduino which has been programmed to identify adulteration with the change in voltage value and opens or closes the valve accordingly. By applying a coating of poly-methyl-meth-acrylate (PMMA) film the sensor is made bio-compatible, thus making it suitable for this application.

Research paper thumbnail of Sound Classification Using Python

ITM Web of Conferences, 2021

Sound assumes a significant part in human existence. It is one of the fundamental tangible data w... more Sound assumes a significant part in human existence. It is one of the fundamental tangible data which we get or see from the climate and their components which have three principal credits viz. Sufficiency (Loudness of the sound), Frequency (The pitch of the sound), Timbre (Quality of the sound or the personality of the sound for example the Sound contrast between a piano and a violin). It is an event generated from the action. Humans are highly efficient to learn and recognize new and various types of sounds and sound events. There is a lot of research work going on Automatic sound classification and it is used in various real-world applications. The paper proposes an examination of an establishment disturbance classifier reliant upon a model affirmation approach using a neural organization. The signs submitted to the neural association are depicted through a lot of 12 MFCC (Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient) limits routinely present toward the front finish of an adaptable termina...

Research paper thumbnail of Design of Room Cooler using Fuzzy Logic Control System

The modification of Autonomous room air cooler using fuzzy logic control system is reported in th... more The modification of Autonomous room air cooler using fuzzy logic control system is reported in this paper [1]. It consists of two crisp input values from temperature and humidity sensors and three defuzzifiers are used to control the actuators; Fan1 (cooler fan), water pump and Fan2 (room exhaust fan). This work will help in improves the autonomous room cooling system using fuzzy logic. Matlab simulation is used to improve the performance of the designed model [1].

Research paper thumbnail of Design and Development of Temperature Control Loop of Hair Dryer Using Arduino

The development in household devices is increased over time due to modernization, consumer demand... more The development in household devices is increased over time due to modernization, consumer demands, energy consumption, etc. This paper discusses the development and simulation of hair dryer process temperature control. This design has considered the Arduino board as the main control unit and temperature measurement is to be done using the Arduino interfaced thermocouple using MAX6675. The dryer includes a main inlet of air, a fan for venting inlet air from the dryer, and a heater for warming the blowing air. Based on the reflected air temperature, the thermocouple measures the output voltage by means of a zero crossing detector which electronically activates the TRIAC angle to turn on and off the heater thus controlling the amount of heat power. The hair dryer temperature is continuously controlled in the experimental analysis and the TRIAC angle is therefore regulated to control the fan speed. The experimental results showed that the hair dryer system temperature is effectively co...

Research paper thumbnail of Adulteration Detection of Grape Fruit Juice Using PCA and LDA Pattern Recognition Technique

2018 IEEE Applied Signal Processing Conference (ASPCON)

This study reports a Constant Phase Element (CPE) sensor of thin film coating of Poly Methyl Meth... more This study reports a Constant Phase Element (CPE) sensor of thin film coating of Poly Methyl Methacrylate (PMMA) to detect grape juice sample adulterated with sugar solution and water. The experimental data taken for analysis is constant phase data. The data analysis technique used is Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Box Plot & Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). The reported Separability index (SI) helps to distinguish different adulteration like sugar solution and water in pure grape juice.

Research paper thumbnail of Design and Development of a Low-Cost Milk Analyzer

Sensor Letters

Milk analyzer is a very useful instrument in the dairy industry. Feed is the principle cause of v... more Milk analyzer is a very useful instrument in the dairy industry. Feed is the principle cause of variation in the composition of fat, although several other factors are believed to influence. The fat concentration is most sensitive to dietary changes, followed by protein concentration; whereas the concentration of lactose, vitamins, Solid not fat (SNF), salts and other solid constituents do not respond to the dietary alterations. Analyzing the percentage of fat, SNF, protein and lactose are very important. There are two different type of milk analyzers are reported in this work. Both are low cost and user friendly milk analyzer. One is a milk analyzer using a constant phase element (CPE) sensor and it is a contact type. The other one is milk analyzer using ultrasound wave. The ultrasonic sensor is a noncontact type sensor. When ultrasound wave passed through the milk sample it is attenuated. The signal conditioning circuit is designed and the performance of milk analyzer is studied i...

Research paper thumbnail of Classification of orange juice adulteration using LDA, PCA and ANN

2016 IEEE 1st International Conference on Power Electronics, Intelligent Control and Energy Systems (ICPEICES), 2016

Research paper thumbnail of Discrimination of adulteration orange juice by Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA)

2015 IEEE International WIE Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (WIECON-ECE), 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Study of the parameters of a fractional order capacitor

2015 Annual IEEE India Conference (INDICON), 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Milk Adulteration and Detection: A Review

Research paper thumbnail of Discrimination of various Milk adulterated sample using Linear Discrimination Analysis(LDA)

2014 Annual IEEE India Conference (INDICON), 2014

The aim of this work is to discriminate various milk samples using Linear Discrimination Analysis... more The aim of this work is to discriminate various milk samples using Linear Discrimination Analysis (LDA) detection technique of pure milk, pure milk adulterated with urea, tap water etc. by forming samples phase data into matrix form at different frequencies in Constant phase (property of electrodeelectrolyte interface of Polymer coated copper probe dipped in ionic solution) region as well as data taken at different time. Euclidean distance from any unknown sample with the given known samples has been calculated using LDA algorithm and the sample with shortest distance will show the best maximal characteristics of the unknown sample. The whole calculation and discrimination plotting has been done in MATLAB software.

Research paper thumbnail of Modelling and Characterization of Pmma-Film Coated Impedance Probe Dipped in Adulterated Milk

Impedance characterization and electrical equivalent circuit for the electrode-electrolyte interf... more Impedance characterization and electrical equivalent circuit for the electrode-electrolyte interface of a capacitive type probe dipped in adulterated milk is presented. The electrodes of the probe are coated with porous film of poly-methyl-methaccrelate (PMMA) where the diffusion of ions of the test solution through the porous surface is the mode of sensing. In such measurement, it is very important to know the penetration depth of the ion into the porous surface. The vital question is whether the ions reach the metal electrode surface which may contaminate the solution under test and also degrade the sensor characteristics. In this study, the electrical equivalent circuit has been obtained by complex nonlinear least square (CNLS) curve fitting of experimentally obtained impedance data. Then the parameters of the electrical equivalent circuit along with the other experimental data are used to find the penetration depth of the ions through the porous surface of the coating film. It h...

Research paper thumbnail of Design of Fractional Order Differentiator & Integrator Circuit Using RC Cross Ladder Network

In this paper the concept of " FRACTIONAL ORDER " element is reported. RC ladder networ... more In this paper the concept of " FRACTIONAL ORDER " element is reported. RC ladder network itself behaves as a fractional order element which is developed and the same ladder network is been used in Integer order differentiator and integrator circuit to make it " Fractional order differentiator " (FOD) and " Fractional order integrator " (FOI) circuit. The performance of FOD and FOI using RC ladder network is studied in both frequency & time domain. Same response is then compared with the performance of Integer order differentiator and integrator circuit. The simulation of FOD and FOI is done using NI Multisim 12.0 software.

Research paper thumbnail of Study of electrical equivalent model of the PMMA coated probe dipped in milk and milk adulterated with tap water

2010 International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control and Robotics, 2010

The aim of this work is to study the impedance characteristics at the electrode-electrolyte inter... more The aim of this work is to study the impedance characteristics at the electrode-electrolyte interface of the PMMA coated probe dipped in different percentages of adulterated (tap water) milk and propose a relevant equivalent circuit model for each adulteration using curve fitting program. The modeling of the probe with lumped element as well as distributed element is obtained using LEVMW software and the best-fit model is estimated. Also mathematical modeling of electrical equivalent circuit is derived and comparison of simulated data with experimental data of impedance of PMMA coated probe dipped in sample milk is done.

Research paper thumbnail of Hydroponics System for Soilless Farming Integrated with Android Application by Internet of Things and MQTT Broker

2019 IEEE Pune Section International Conference (PuneCon), 2019

Food, water and land, are the most essential resources to mankind, and these three resources are ... more Food, water and land, are the most essential resources to mankind, and these three resources are dependent on each other. Without proper soil or land and proper quantity of water, one cannot produce a healthy batch of crops. This is the problem of the current age due to lack of quality water and land. Climate change also affects the quantity and quality of the yield which, in coming years, may directly affect the economy of a country directly. Many countries may suffer from economical crisis due to lack of food production. A solution is needed to preserve the water resources and to maximize the profit per square feet of land which will help in production of higher quality and quantity yield, and directly or indirectly, profits the farmer or economy of the country or region. Hydroponics is such a system for farming which uses only water and nutrients for growing most terrestrial plants without the use of soil. Hydroponics can be implemented in urban location but it requires prerequisite knowledge and regular monitoring. To solve the above problem, automatizing of the entire process with sensors and micro-controller has been reported in this paper. Here an IoT based hydroponics system parameters are monitored via Android application. This will further help for improvement in system based on data generated from multiple hydroponics farms.

Research paper thumbnail of Performance of a constant phase element (CPE) sensor to detect adulteration in cow-milk with whey

2009 IEEE Sensors, 2009

In this paper, the performance of a constant phase element (CPE) sensor has been studied for dete... more In this paper, the performance of a constant phase element (CPE) sensor has been studied for detecting adulteration of cow-milk with whey. Addition of whey in milk increases its volume and makes it acidic but the percentage of lactose content does not change significantly. Hence, addition of neutralizers like NaOH will balances the pH value of the adulterated milk and

Research paper thumbnail of Integration of Machine Learning and IoT System for Monitoring Different Parameters and Optimizing farming

2021 International Conference on Intelligent Technologies (CONIT), 2021

Agriculture or farming is something from which any country can rule in the world. Many countries ... more Agriculture or farming is something from which any country can rule in the world. Many countries are developing new techniques for farming. In this paper, we have introduced a better tool for growing plants considering Hydroponics, the base of the system. From this, one can produce better plants in their home as well. While growing plant some factor consideration is important like temperature, humidity, nutrient content in the soil or soil moisture. With proper supervision, these factors are controlled. We implemented a Machine Learning setup in the field. All sensors(pH Sensor, DHT 11 Sensor, DS18B20 Sensor) sensing their respective parameters which are required to observe for monitoring of plants. All the data collected from different sensors are saved in a text file which is converted into a CSV file for machine learning algorithm and also this text file is sent to Thingspeak server for monitoring purpose which aggregate, visualize and analyse live data streams in the cloud. In urban areas due to the development everywhere, there has been a lot of land shortage and in rural areas due to lack of knowledge, even today, the old farming technique is used which takes much time and much water. The technique introduced in this paper can solve the problems of the farmers in rural areas as well as in urban areas.

Research paper thumbnail of Design and Development of Fractional Order Element Based Milk Adulteration Detection System

Research paper thumbnail of Constant-Phase-Angle; Milk Adulteration; Liquid-Whey; Automatic Sensing System; Phase Detector Circuit

In this work, a low cost automatic sensing system is proposed to detect 'synthetic milk',... more In this work, a low cost automatic sensing system is proposed to detect 'synthetic milk', which has been reconstructed after adulterating the milk with 'liquid-whey'. The constant-phase angle (CPA) based sensor detects the synthetic milk and a micro-controller based circuit drives a stepper motor to close the valve installed at the outlet of the milk supply line to prevent mixing. The sensor is stick type, rigid and hence it is easy to mount. The electrodes of the sensor are coated with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) film, which makes it bio-compatible and suitable for the application.

Research paper thumbnail of Design and Implementation of Autonomous Rover for Wildfire Extinguishing

2020 IEEE International Conference for Innovation in Technology (INOCON), 2020

Fire recognition and extinguishing it are the dangerous occupations that perpetually put the life... more Fire recognition and extinguishing it are the dangerous occupations that perpetually put the life of a fireman in harm's way. By placing a versatile wanderer to play out this assignment in a fire-inclined region, it can help to stay away from untoward episodes or lives lost. This paper presents advancement of a Self-sufficient Putting out fires Meanderer that is outfitted with the fundamental battling gear that has the ability to watch from the dangerous area by means of a GPS with the point of initial recognition of fire catch. At a point when the fire source is distinguished, the fire will be quickly stifled utilizing the fire quenching framework that is built on its foundation. To find out the shortest path, A* Algorithm is reported in this paper. The undertakings for the Rover once it explores out of the watching course incorporate the impediment evasion utilizing Ultrasonic sensor, situating for progressively exact area of fire catch utilizing rear fire sensors and douse the fire. Advancement work done till now on this stage has indicated its plausibility of being an independent unit to screen a recommended zone, identify for fire and stifle the fire. Its speedy and productive reaction to test circumstances exhibits its unwavering quality of use in certifiable cases.

Research paper thumbnail of Automatic Detection of Orange Juice Adulteration using Constant Phase Element-based Impedance Sensor

2018 4th International Conference for Convergence in Technology (I2CT), 2018

In this paper, an impedance sensor which is an easy to use constant phase element (CPE) is used w... more In this paper, an impedance sensor which is an easy to use constant phase element (CPE) is used with an aim of detection and automation of fruit juice adulteration. As the ionic property of the adulterated fruit juice changes, so does the impedance sensor's constant value phase angle. The conditioned output from the sensor by a phase detector circuit converted into the respective voltage level informs us about adulteration that should remain constant for some range of frequencies. This conditioned output is later sent to an Arduino which has been programmed to identify adulteration with the change in voltage value and opens or closes the valve accordingly. By applying a coating of poly-methyl-meth-acrylate (PMMA) film the sensor is made bio-compatible, thus making it suitable for this application.

Research paper thumbnail of Sound Classification Using Python

ITM Web of Conferences, 2021

Sound assumes a significant part in human existence. It is one of the fundamental tangible data w... more Sound assumes a significant part in human existence. It is one of the fundamental tangible data which we get or see from the climate and their components which have three principal credits viz. Sufficiency (Loudness of the sound), Frequency (The pitch of the sound), Timbre (Quality of the sound or the personality of the sound for example the Sound contrast between a piano and a violin). It is an event generated from the action. Humans are highly efficient to learn and recognize new and various types of sounds and sound events. There is a lot of research work going on Automatic sound classification and it is used in various real-world applications. The paper proposes an examination of an establishment disturbance classifier reliant upon a model affirmation approach using a neural organization. The signs submitted to the neural association are depicted through a lot of 12 MFCC (Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient) limits routinely present toward the front finish of an adaptable termina...

Research paper thumbnail of Design of Room Cooler using Fuzzy Logic Control System

The modification of Autonomous room air cooler using fuzzy logic control system is reported in th... more The modification of Autonomous room air cooler using fuzzy logic control system is reported in this paper [1]. It consists of two crisp input values from temperature and humidity sensors and three defuzzifiers are used to control the actuators; Fan1 (cooler fan), water pump and Fan2 (room exhaust fan). This work will help in improves the autonomous room cooling system using fuzzy logic. Matlab simulation is used to improve the performance of the designed model [1].

Research paper thumbnail of Design and Development of Temperature Control Loop of Hair Dryer Using Arduino

The development in household devices is increased over time due to modernization, consumer demand... more The development in household devices is increased over time due to modernization, consumer demands, energy consumption, etc. This paper discusses the development and simulation of hair dryer process temperature control. This design has considered the Arduino board as the main control unit and temperature measurement is to be done using the Arduino interfaced thermocouple using MAX6675. The dryer includes a main inlet of air, a fan for venting inlet air from the dryer, and a heater for warming the blowing air. Based on the reflected air temperature, the thermocouple measures the output voltage by means of a zero crossing detector which electronically activates the TRIAC angle to turn on and off the heater thus controlling the amount of heat power. The hair dryer temperature is continuously controlled in the experimental analysis and the TRIAC angle is therefore regulated to control the fan speed. The experimental results showed that the hair dryer system temperature is effectively co...

Research paper thumbnail of Adulteration Detection of Grape Fruit Juice Using PCA and LDA Pattern Recognition Technique

2018 IEEE Applied Signal Processing Conference (ASPCON)

This study reports a Constant Phase Element (CPE) sensor of thin film coating of Poly Methyl Meth... more This study reports a Constant Phase Element (CPE) sensor of thin film coating of Poly Methyl Methacrylate (PMMA) to detect grape juice sample adulterated with sugar solution and water. The experimental data taken for analysis is constant phase data. The data analysis technique used is Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Box Plot & Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). The reported Separability index (SI) helps to distinguish different adulteration like sugar solution and water in pure grape juice.

Research paper thumbnail of Design and Development of a Low-Cost Milk Analyzer

Sensor Letters

Milk analyzer is a very useful instrument in the dairy industry. Feed is the principle cause of v... more Milk analyzer is a very useful instrument in the dairy industry. Feed is the principle cause of variation in the composition of fat, although several other factors are believed to influence. The fat concentration is most sensitive to dietary changes, followed by protein concentration; whereas the concentration of lactose, vitamins, Solid not fat (SNF), salts and other solid constituents do not respond to the dietary alterations. Analyzing the percentage of fat, SNF, protein and lactose are very important. There are two different type of milk analyzers are reported in this work. Both are low cost and user friendly milk analyzer. One is a milk analyzer using a constant phase element (CPE) sensor and it is a contact type. The other one is milk analyzer using ultrasound wave. The ultrasonic sensor is a noncontact type sensor. When ultrasound wave passed through the milk sample it is attenuated. The signal conditioning circuit is designed and the performance of milk analyzer is studied i...

Research paper thumbnail of Classification of orange juice adulteration using LDA, PCA and ANN

2016 IEEE 1st International Conference on Power Electronics, Intelligent Control and Energy Systems (ICPEICES), 2016

Research paper thumbnail of Discrimination of adulteration orange juice by Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA)

2015 IEEE International WIE Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (WIECON-ECE), 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Study of the parameters of a fractional order capacitor

2015 Annual IEEE India Conference (INDICON), 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Milk Adulteration and Detection: A Review

Research paper thumbnail of Discrimination of various Milk adulterated sample using Linear Discrimination Analysis(LDA)

2014 Annual IEEE India Conference (INDICON), 2014

The aim of this work is to discriminate various milk samples using Linear Discrimination Analysis... more The aim of this work is to discriminate various milk samples using Linear Discrimination Analysis (LDA) detection technique of pure milk, pure milk adulterated with urea, tap water etc. by forming samples phase data into matrix form at different frequencies in Constant phase (property of electrodeelectrolyte interface of Polymer coated copper probe dipped in ionic solution) region as well as data taken at different time. Euclidean distance from any unknown sample with the given known samples has been calculated using LDA algorithm and the sample with shortest distance will show the best maximal characteristics of the unknown sample. The whole calculation and discrimination plotting has been done in MATLAB software.

Research paper thumbnail of Modelling and Characterization of Pmma-Film Coated Impedance Probe Dipped in Adulterated Milk

Impedance characterization and electrical equivalent circuit for the electrode-electrolyte interf... more Impedance characterization and electrical equivalent circuit for the electrode-electrolyte interface of a capacitive type probe dipped in adulterated milk is presented. The electrodes of the probe are coated with porous film of poly-methyl-methaccrelate (PMMA) where the diffusion of ions of the test solution through the porous surface is the mode of sensing. In such measurement, it is very important to know the penetration depth of the ion into the porous surface. The vital question is whether the ions reach the metal electrode surface which may contaminate the solution under test and also degrade the sensor characteristics. In this study, the electrical equivalent circuit has been obtained by complex nonlinear least square (CNLS) curve fitting of experimentally obtained impedance data. Then the parameters of the electrical equivalent circuit along with the other experimental data are used to find the penetration depth of the ions through the porous surface of the coating film. It h...

Research paper thumbnail of Design of Fractional Order Differentiator & Integrator Circuit Using RC Cross Ladder Network

In this paper the concept of " FRACTIONAL ORDER " element is reported. RC ladder networ... more In this paper the concept of " FRACTIONAL ORDER " element is reported. RC ladder network itself behaves as a fractional order element which is developed and the same ladder network is been used in Integer order differentiator and integrator circuit to make it " Fractional order differentiator " (FOD) and " Fractional order integrator " (FOI) circuit. The performance of FOD and FOI using RC ladder network is studied in both frequency & time domain. Same response is then compared with the performance of Integer order differentiator and integrator circuit. The simulation of FOD and FOI is done using NI Multisim 12.0 software.

Research paper thumbnail of Study of electrical equivalent model of the PMMA coated probe dipped in milk and milk adulterated with tap water

2010 International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control and Robotics, 2010

The aim of this work is to study the impedance characteristics at the electrode-electrolyte inter... more The aim of this work is to study the impedance characteristics at the electrode-electrolyte interface of the PMMA coated probe dipped in different percentages of adulterated (tap water) milk and propose a relevant equivalent circuit model for each adulteration using curve fitting program. The modeling of the probe with lumped element as well as distributed element is obtained using LEVMW software and the best-fit model is estimated. Also mathematical modeling of electrical equivalent circuit is derived and comparison of simulated data with experimental data of impedance of PMMA coated probe dipped in sample milk is done.