Snahasish Bhowmik - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Snahasish Bhowmik

Journal of Ultra Chemistry

Nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) have been the subject of extensive research over the past decade for... more Nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) have been the subject of extensive research over the past decade for a wide range of possible applications due to their exceptional strong catalytic activity, high compressive strength, free radical scavenging, and antibacterial property. In consequence of this, there has been a significant advancement in the methods of producing NiNPs, as well as in the suggested reaction processes and applications of these particles. The production, reaction mechanisms, and practical uses of NiNPs are reviewed in this work. NiNPs with sizes ranging from 1 to 100 nm can be manufactured in a number of different ways for use in both scientific and commercial contexts. Synthesis methods are divided into two categories: top-down methods and bottom-up methods which are subdivided into physical, chemical, and biological strategies. Extensive description has been given for the chemical processes involved in the creation of NiNPs, in particular those involved in biosynthesis ap...

Encyclopedia of Green Materials, 2022

Iodine is an important mineral for normal growth and development of human and animals. A healthy ... more Iodine is an important mineral for normal growth and development of human and animals. A healthy human body contains 15-20 mg of iodine, of which 70-80% is stored in the thyroid gland.1 The thyroid gland uses iodine for synthesis of the hormones thyroxin and tri iodothyronine, which are essential for maintenance of the body’s metabolic rate by controlling energy production and oxygen consumption in cells, regulate temperature, improve digestion, maintain a healthy weight and for neural and sexual development.2 According to the WHO, the recommended iodine intake for pregnant women is 200 to 250μg per day and for the adults should be 150μg per day.3,4 Usually iodine is assimilated through the diet where rich sources of dietary iodine include iodized salt, saltwater fish, seaweed, shellfish, soy sauce, yoghurt, grains and from some medications.5 Iodine deficiency affects at every stage of humans life and leads to several severe disorders. It is the leading cause of brain damage, goiter...

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 2020

Objective: Support of ordinary degrees of copper, has a significant influence in reducing the mor... more Objective: Support of ordinary degrees of copper, has a significant influence in reducing the morbidities related with thalassemia major. Levels of this component has been seen as modified in this incessant transfusion subordinate infection from everywhere throughout the world, however with Original Research Article Nandy et al.; CJAST, 39(13): 94-100, 2020; Article no.CJAST.57898 95 broadly factor results. Other than rehashed blood transfusions and utilization of chelating operators, the level of copper in thalassemia patients are influenced by hereditary and dietary factors likewise, convincing us to embrace this investigation in our population. The Objectives of this study was to appraise of serum levels of copper in children with beta-thalassemia major. Methods: In this observational comparative research design, all children between 5 to 15 years affected by beta thalassemia major (30 patients) and 30 normal children were evaluated for serum copper levels in the Department of Pe...

SN Applied Sciences, 2020

In this study, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle was synthesized by a novel route of microwave assist... more In this study, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle was synthesized by a novel route of microwave assisted method using ascorbic acid and PVA as capping agent and stabilizing agent. A prominent peak at 378 nm by UV absorption ensured the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles. The crystalline property revealed that synthesized ZnO nanoparticle is highly crystalline having wurtzite structure. A significant band at ~ 498 to 557 cm −1 in FTIR was assigned to the characteristic stretching mode of Zn-O bond. EDX spectrum showed that ZnO nano particles were composed only with Zinc and oxygen. SEM image disclosed that ZnO nanoparticles were spherical in shape with an average particle size of 70-90 nm for the combined effect. The antimicrobial and ant-biofilm application of synthesized ZnO nanoparticle was studied against Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella spp. SK4, E. coli RN89, E. coli (gram-negative) and S. aureus-8a (gram-positive) bacteria and exhibited excellent activity against the strains. Prepared nanoparticle also found to possess outstanding photocatalytic activity against methylene blue degradation under sunlight with a T 50 and T 80 value of 71.44 and 165.87 min respectively.

PLOS ONE, 2020

The rapid growth of industrial and agricultural activities in Malaysia are leading to the impairm... more The rapid growth of industrial and agricultural activities in Malaysia are leading to the impairment of most of the rivers in recent years through realising various trace metals. This leads to toxicity, particularly when the toxic has entered the food chain. Perak River is one of the most dynamic rivers for the Malaysian population. Therefore, in consideration of the safety issue, this study was conducted to assess the concentration of such metals (Cd, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Pb) in the muscles of most widely consumed fish species (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii, Puntius bulum, Puntius daruphani, Hexanematichthys sagor, Channa striatus, Mystacoleucus marginatus, and Devario regina) from different locations of Perak River, Malaysia by employing inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Among the trace metals, Fe and Cd were found to be the highest (29.33-148.01 μg/g) and lowest (0.16-0.49 μg/g) concentration in all of the studied species, respectively. Although the estimated daily intakes (μg/kg/day) of Cd (0.65-0.85), Fe (79.27-352.00) and Pb (0.95-12.17) were higher than their reference, the total target hazard quotients values suggested that the local residents would not experience any adverse health effects from its consumption. In contrast, the target cancer risk value suggested that all fish species posed a potential cancer risk due to Cd and cumulative cancer risk values, strongly implying that continuous consumption of studied fish species would cause cancer development to its consumers.

SN Applied Sciences, 2020

Scholars Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2020

Original Research Article The present study was conducted to determine the level of the presence ... more Original Research Article The present study was conducted to determine the level of the presence of heavy metal especially lead (Pb), chromium (Cr) and cadmium (Cd) in various body parts of broiler chicken (Liver, Bone, Core, Meat & Skin) from the Rajshahi City local markets. All results show negative effect where the highest quantity of Pd, Cr and Cd in feed is below the detection limit (BD), 0.0432, 0.0053 ppm respectively. However, the highest quantity of Pd, Cr and Cd in body parts of Chicken is 0.1313 in bone, 0.0977 and 0.0069 in skin which are safe for consumption considering the allowable WHO / FAO limit of Pb, Cr, Cd are 1.0ppm, 1.0ppm, 0.3ppm respectively. Moreover, mercury (Hg) is a vaporized, molten metal that is vaporized at the cooking temperature. As a result we can be confident that the checked product was safe for consumption as an animal protein.

Oriental Journal of Chemistry, 2020

Sawdust of Albizia lebbeck (locally known as koroi) was modified by treatment with sodium methyla... more Sawdust of Albizia lebbeck (locally known as koroi) was modified by treatment with sodium methylate followed by reactions with epichlorohydrin and n-dodecylamine to afford the sorbent which was termed as DDA-SD. The sorbent was characterized with the help of FTIR (ATR), SEM and chemical test. It was then used for the sorption of Pb 2+ and Cu 2+ from aqueous solutions and the effects of solution pH, dosage of sorbent, initial metal ions concentration and contact time were enumerated. The sorption data were tested for Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and found that the process followed Langmuir model and the maximum sorption capacities were calculated as 17.37 mg/g and 9.4 mg/g for Pb 2+ and Cu 2+ ions respectively. The sorption data were also tested for pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models and the data fitted well with pseudo second order kinetics. Exhausted DDA-SD adsorbent can be regenerated using 0.1M HCl or 0.1M HNO 3 followed by wash with deionized water and reused for further adsorption purpose.

Oriental Journal of Chemistry, 2020

Green synthesis of nanoparticles is more preferable because of its flexibility in preparation as ... more Green synthesis of nanoparticles is more preferable because of its flexibility in preparation as well as its capability to avoid utilization of toxic chemicals. This study was designed to synthesize silver nanoparticles from plant leaves of Calendula officinalis for utilizing it for the degradation of commonly used dyes. The maximum absorption of UV-Vis light at 436nm ensured the synthesis of silver nanoparticle. The various reducing agent present in plant leaves extract cause the formation of silver nanoparticles as ensured by the FTIR. The morphology study showed that the synthesized nanoparticles were 50-60 nm and 140-150 nm in size for 1mM and 2mM silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) respectively. It has also been observed that the synthesized nanoparticles possess a high catalytic activity for the degradation of both methylene blue and methyl orange. The degradation data ensured that the reaction rate of degradation is size dependent and the highest degradation percentage (69.79% within 5 minutes), degradation rate (0.18 ± 0.03 min-1), half-life (T 50 = 3.85 min) and 80% degradation (T 80 = 8.94 min) was observed for 1mM Ag NPs in case of methyl orange.

Chemical Science International Journal, 2020

Sawdust supported nano-zerovalent (NZVI/SD) iron was synthesized by treating sawdust with ferrous... more Sawdust supported nano-zerovalent (NZVI/SD) iron was synthesized by treating sawdust with ferrous sulphate followed by reduction with NaBH4. The NZVI/SD was characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR and Chemical method. Adsorption of As (III) by NZVI/SD was investigated and the maximum uptake of As (III) was found at pH value of 7.74 and equilibrium time of 3 hrs. The adsorption isotherm modelling revealed that the equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted with the Langmuir isotherm model compared with the Freundlich Isotherm model. This study revealed that the maximum As (III) ions adsorption capacity was found to be 12.66 mg/g for using NZVI/SD adsorbent. However, the kinetics data were tested by pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models; and it was observed that the adsorption data could be well fitted with pseudo-second-order kinetics for As (III) adsorption onto NZVI/SD depending on both adsorbate concentration and adsorption sites. The result of this study suggested...

Oriental Journal Of Chemistry, 2021

Over the last few decades, several studies have been undertaken to determine the benefits and dra... more Over the last few decades, several studies have been undertaken to determine the benefits and drawbacks of various copper nanoparticle synthesis processes. Copper nanoparticles have garnered considerable attention because of their remarkable optical and electrical properties. CuNPs' optical, electrical and chemical characteristics are substantially depending on their synthesis procedures. Copper is less expensive than precious metals such as gold and silver, and it also possesses strong photocatalytic and antimicrobial competencies.In this review, synthesis of copper nanoparticles by various methods such as physical, chemical and biological is elaborately illustrated and in the meantime it's also explained how different reaction variables like temperature, pressure, reaction time, and reactor properties affect the size, shape, and surface area of produced copper nanoparticles. Moreover, photocatalysis and antibacterial mechanism for copper nanoparticles are also illustrated ...

Journal of Ultra Chemistry

Nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) have been the subject of extensive research over the past decade for... more Nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) have been the subject of extensive research over the past decade for a wide range of possible applications due to their exceptional strong catalytic activity, high compressive strength, free radical scavenging, and antibacterial property. In consequence of this, there has been a significant advancement in the methods of producing NiNPs, as well as in the suggested reaction processes and applications of these particles. The production, reaction mechanisms, and practical uses of NiNPs are reviewed in this work. NiNPs with sizes ranging from 1 to 100 nm can be manufactured in a number of different ways for use in both scientific and commercial contexts. Synthesis methods are divided into two categories: top-down methods and bottom-up methods which are subdivided into physical, chemical, and biological strategies. Extensive description has been given for the chemical processes involved in the creation of NiNPs, in particular those involved in biosynthesis ap...

Encyclopedia of Green Materials, 2022

Iodine is an important mineral for normal growth and development of human and animals. A healthy ... more Iodine is an important mineral for normal growth and development of human and animals. A healthy human body contains 15-20 mg of iodine, of which 70-80% is stored in the thyroid gland.1 The thyroid gland uses iodine for synthesis of the hormones thyroxin and tri iodothyronine, which are essential for maintenance of the body’s metabolic rate by controlling energy production and oxygen consumption in cells, regulate temperature, improve digestion, maintain a healthy weight and for neural and sexual development.2 According to the WHO, the recommended iodine intake for pregnant women is 200 to 250μg per day and for the adults should be 150μg per day.3,4 Usually iodine is assimilated through the diet where rich sources of dietary iodine include iodized salt, saltwater fish, seaweed, shellfish, soy sauce, yoghurt, grains and from some medications.5 Iodine deficiency affects at every stage of humans life and leads to several severe disorders. It is the leading cause of brain damage, goiter...

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 2020

Objective: Support of ordinary degrees of copper, has a significant influence in reducing the mor... more Objective: Support of ordinary degrees of copper, has a significant influence in reducing the morbidities related with thalassemia major. Levels of this component has been seen as modified in this incessant transfusion subordinate infection from everywhere throughout the world, however with Original Research Article Nandy et al.; CJAST, 39(13): 94-100, 2020; Article no.CJAST.57898 95 broadly factor results. Other than rehashed blood transfusions and utilization of chelating operators, the level of copper in thalassemia patients are influenced by hereditary and dietary factors likewise, convincing us to embrace this investigation in our population. The Objectives of this study was to appraise of serum levels of copper in children with beta-thalassemia major. Methods: In this observational comparative research design, all children between 5 to 15 years affected by beta thalassemia major (30 patients) and 30 normal children were evaluated for serum copper levels in the Department of Pe...

SN Applied Sciences, 2020

In this study, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle was synthesized by a novel route of microwave assist... more In this study, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle was synthesized by a novel route of microwave assisted method using ascorbic acid and PVA as capping agent and stabilizing agent. A prominent peak at 378 nm by UV absorption ensured the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles. The crystalline property revealed that synthesized ZnO nanoparticle is highly crystalline having wurtzite structure. A significant band at ~ 498 to 557 cm −1 in FTIR was assigned to the characteristic stretching mode of Zn-O bond. EDX spectrum showed that ZnO nano particles were composed only with Zinc and oxygen. SEM image disclosed that ZnO nanoparticles were spherical in shape with an average particle size of 70-90 nm for the combined effect. The antimicrobial and ant-biofilm application of synthesized ZnO nanoparticle was studied against Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella spp. SK4, E. coli RN89, E. coli (gram-negative) and S. aureus-8a (gram-positive) bacteria and exhibited excellent activity against the strains. Prepared nanoparticle also found to possess outstanding photocatalytic activity against methylene blue degradation under sunlight with a T 50 and T 80 value of 71.44 and 165.87 min respectively.

PLOS ONE, 2020

The rapid growth of industrial and agricultural activities in Malaysia are leading to the impairm... more The rapid growth of industrial and agricultural activities in Malaysia are leading to the impairment of most of the rivers in recent years through realising various trace metals. This leads to toxicity, particularly when the toxic has entered the food chain. Perak River is one of the most dynamic rivers for the Malaysian population. Therefore, in consideration of the safety issue, this study was conducted to assess the concentration of such metals (Cd, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Pb) in the muscles of most widely consumed fish species (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii, Puntius bulum, Puntius daruphani, Hexanematichthys sagor, Channa striatus, Mystacoleucus marginatus, and Devario regina) from different locations of Perak River, Malaysia by employing inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Among the trace metals, Fe and Cd were found to be the highest (29.33-148.01 μg/g) and lowest (0.16-0.49 μg/g) concentration in all of the studied species, respectively. Although the estimated daily intakes (μg/kg/day) of Cd (0.65-0.85), Fe (79.27-352.00) and Pb (0.95-12.17) were higher than their reference, the total target hazard quotients values suggested that the local residents would not experience any adverse health effects from its consumption. In contrast, the target cancer risk value suggested that all fish species posed a potential cancer risk due to Cd and cumulative cancer risk values, strongly implying that continuous consumption of studied fish species would cause cancer development to its consumers.

SN Applied Sciences, 2020

Scholars Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2020

Original Research Article The present study was conducted to determine the level of the presence ... more Original Research Article The present study was conducted to determine the level of the presence of heavy metal especially lead (Pb), chromium (Cr) and cadmium (Cd) in various body parts of broiler chicken (Liver, Bone, Core, Meat & Skin) from the Rajshahi City local markets. All results show negative effect where the highest quantity of Pd, Cr and Cd in feed is below the detection limit (BD), 0.0432, 0.0053 ppm respectively. However, the highest quantity of Pd, Cr and Cd in body parts of Chicken is 0.1313 in bone, 0.0977 and 0.0069 in skin which are safe for consumption considering the allowable WHO / FAO limit of Pb, Cr, Cd are 1.0ppm, 1.0ppm, 0.3ppm respectively. Moreover, mercury (Hg) is a vaporized, molten metal that is vaporized at the cooking temperature. As a result we can be confident that the checked product was safe for consumption as an animal protein.

Oriental Journal of Chemistry, 2020

Sawdust of Albizia lebbeck (locally known as koroi) was modified by treatment with sodium methyla... more Sawdust of Albizia lebbeck (locally known as koroi) was modified by treatment with sodium methylate followed by reactions with epichlorohydrin and n-dodecylamine to afford the sorbent which was termed as DDA-SD. The sorbent was characterized with the help of FTIR (ATR), SEM and chemical test. It was then used for the sorption of Pb 2+ and Cu 2+ from aqueous solutions and the effects of solution pH, dosage of sorbent, initial metal ions concentration and contact time were enumerated. The sorption data were tested for Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and found that the process followed Langmuir model and the maximum sorption capacities were calculated as 17.37 mg/g and 9.4 mg/g for Pb 2+ and Cu 2+ ions respectively. The sorption data were also tested for pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models and the data fitted well with pseudo second order kinetics. Exhausted DDA-SD adsorbent can be regenerated using 0.1M HCl or 0.1M HNO 3 followed by wash with deionized water and reused for further adsorption purpose.

Oriental Journal of Chemistry, 2020

Green synthesis of nanoparticles is more preferable because of its flexibility in preparation as ... more Green synthesis of nanoparticles is more preferable because of its flexibility in preparation as well as its capability to avoid utilization of toxic chemicals. This study was designed to synthesize silver nanoparticles from plant leaves of Calendula officinalis for utilizing it for the degradation of commonly used dyes. The maximum absorption of UV-Vis light at 436nm ensured the synthesis of silver nanoparticle. The various reducing agent present in plant leaves extract cause the formation of silver nanoparticles as ensured by the FTIR. The morphology study showed that the synthesized nanoparticles were 50-60 nm and 140-150 nm in size for 1mM and 2mM silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) respectively. It has also been observed that the synthesized nanoparticles possess a high catalytic activity for the degradation of both methylene blue and methyl orange. The degradation data ensured that the reaction rate of degradation is size dependent and the highest degradation percentage (69.79% within 5 minutes), degradation rate (0.18 ± 0.03 min-1), half-life (T 50 = 3.85 min) and 80% degradation (T 80 = 8.94 min) was observed for 1mM Ag NPs in case of methyl orange.

Chemical Science International Journal, 2020

Sawdust supported nano-zerovalent (NZVI/SD) iron was synthesized by treating sawdust with ferrous... more Sawdust supported nano-zerovalent (NZVI/SD) iron was synthesized by treating sawdust with ferrous sulphate followed by reduction with NaBH4. The NZVI/SD was characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR and Chemical method. Adsorption of As (III) by NZVI/SD was investigated and the maximum uptake of As (III) was found at pH value of 7.74 and equilibrium time of 3 hrs. The adsorption isotherm modelling revealed that the equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted with the Langmuir isotherm model compared with the Freundlich Isotherm model. This study revealed that the maximum As (III) ions adsorption capacity was found to be 12.66 mg/g for using NZVI/SD adsorbent. However, the kinetics data were tested by pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models; and it was observed that the adsorption data could be well fitted with pseudo-second-order kinetics for As (III) adsorption onto NZVI/SD depending on both adsorbate concentration and adsorption sites. The result of this study suggested...

Oriental Journal Of Chemistry, 2021

Over the last few decades, several studies have been undertaken to determine the benefits and dra... more Over the last few decades, several studies have been undertaken to determine the benefits and drawbacks of various copper nanoparticle synthesis processes. Copper nanoparticles have garnered considerable attention because of their remarkable optical and electrical properties. CuNPs' optical, electrical and chemical characteristics are substantially depending on their synthesis procedures. Copper is less expensive than precious metals such as gold and silver, and it also possesses strong photocatalytic and antimicrobial competencies.In this review, synthesis of copper nanoparticles by various methods such as physical, chemical and biological is elaborately illustrated and in the meantime it's also explained how different reaction variables like temperature, pressure, reaction time, and reactor properties affect the size, shape, and surface area of produced copper nanoparticles. Moreover, photocatalysis and antibacterial mechanism for copper nanoparticles are also illustrated ...