Soniya Ramesh Vishwakarma - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Soniya Ramesh Vishwakarma

Cureus, Jun 28, 2022

Background The risks of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes are not very clear in coronavirus... more Background The risks of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes are not very clear in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-positive pregnant women. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the maternal and fetal outcomes in COVID-19-positive pregnancies. Methodology This prospective, cohort study was conducted in a tertiary care center over the period of one year. The study group comprised pregnant patients who presented with COVID-19 in the first and second waves of the pandemic. Maternal symptoms due to COVID-19 infection, comorbidities, number of admissions to the intensive care unit (ICU), and maternal mortality were noted for every patient. Perinatal outcomes were recorded in the form of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), mode of delivery, preterm deliveries, birth weight of newborns, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions, and neonatal mortality. Data analysis was done in the form of a variable percentage and mean ± standard deviation (SD). Results COVID-19-positive pregnant patients were mostly asymptomatic (48.07%). Term deliveries (37-40 weeks) were seen in 44 (89.8%) patients. The percentage of normal vaginal delivery was 74% and cesarean section was 24%. Out of 52 patients, two (3.8%) patients were admitted to the high dependency unit (HDU), one (1.9%) patient was admitted to the ICU, and 49 (94.3%) patients were in the isolation ward. Of the 49 live births, four (8.16%) newborns were admitted to the NICU. No neonatal death was recorded. Conclusions In this study, COVID-19-pregnant women were mostly asymptomatic. Neonates of COVID-19-infected women also mostly tested COVID-19 negative. More studies are needed with larger sample sizes to determine the effect of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women and neonates.

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare, Jul 9, 2016

BACKGROUND Asphyxia is a leading cause of foetal neonatal mortality and morbidity. Nucleated red ... more BACKGROUND Asphyxia is a leading cause of foetal neonatal mortality and morbidity. Nucleated red blood cell count (NRBC) produced as compensatory response to asphyxia in foetus and NRBC level can be correlated to asphyxia. Because the present indices are unhelpful in the diagnosis and prediction of the severity of asphyxia, we wished to investigate the relationship between the nucleated RBC count and the severity & immediate outcome of perinatal asphyxia. METHOD This prospective comparative study was conducted in maternity ward of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Department and Paediatric Department of GSVM Medical College, Kanpur (Central UP), from January 2014 to September 2014. Newborns of term gestation were selected after satisfying inclusion criteria and were divided in 2 groups. The control group consisted 60 normal newborns and case group had 60 asphyxiated newborns. The cord blood was collected soon after birth, investigated for pH and making smears that were stained with Leishman's stain. NRBCs were counted against 100 WBCs. The statistical analysis was done using IMSTAT. RESULTS The mean NRBC count in the study group was 22.63±6.95 as compared to 4.75±2.04 in the control group (p=<0.0001). The NRBC count was significantly higher in low pH, neonates with low Apgar scores of < 3 at 1 minutes, newborns with HIE stage III & in neonates who were neurological abnormal at discharge (P=0.0001). CONCLUSIONS A simple, easy to do, cost effective bedside test, such as NRBC count at time of delivery is a good marker of perinatal asphyxia & its forthcoming immediate neurological outcome.

Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. eBooks, 2012

International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology, 2016

Background: Successful pregnancy is a result of countless ongoing interactions between the placen... more Background: Successful pregnancy is a result of countless ongoing interactions between the placental and the maternal immune and cardiovascular systems. Pre-eclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) remains important causes of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. These conditions arise from placental insufficiency which can be seen as alterations in waveforms in the uterine artery (UtA) in early pregnancy. We investigated the predictive accuracy of UtA Doppler indices for both conditions in the first trimester early enough to provide a window for preventive interventions. Methods: It was a prospective cohort study. (UtA) Doppler was carried out at 11-14 weeks in 100 singleton pregnancies attending for routine care. The right and left UtA were identified and velocity waveforms were obtained. Mean pulsatility index (PI), mean resistance index (RI) and diastolic notch were noted. Results were tabulated and analyzed. Results: 18% developed Preeclampsia and 16% developed IUGR. The first trimester UtA mean RI and mean PI were significantly higher in patients who are destined to develop Preeclampsia and IUGR. No significant relationship was found between IUGR, Preeclampsia and diatolic notch. Mean RI is a better predictor of IUGR and Pre-eclampsia compared to Mean PI. Using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve, the best cutoff of mean RI to detect the Pre-eclampsia and IUGR is 0.68. Conclusions: UtA Doppler at 11-14 weeks of gestation identifies a high proportion of women who will develop severe pre-eclampsia, and/or IUGR.

Cureus, Sep 25, 2020

Background The post-partum period is one of the critical times when ovulation is highly unpredict... more Background The post-partum period is one of the critical times when ovulation is highly unpredictable and couples often underestimate the likelihood of pregnancy. According to the World Health Organization, intrauterine copper device (IUCD) can be inserted within 48 hours post-partum, referred to as post-partum IUCD (PPIUCD). The objectives of the present study were to determine the safety and expulsion of intracesarean PPIUCD. This study also has an objective to determine the complications (undescended/missed thread, bleeding, pain, and infection) following intracesarean PPIUCD insertion among the women.

International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology, Aug 27, 2018

Worldwide, cervical cancer is the second most common (12%) cancer in women, however, in developin... more Worldwide, cervical cancer is the second most common (12%) cancer in women, however, in developing countries; it is the most common cancer among women. 1 According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), and India has the highest number of cervical cancer cases in the world. There are an estimated 1,32,000 new cases and 74,000 deaths each year which occur due to cervical cancer in India. 2 India bears about one fifth of the world's burden of cervical cancer, and >100,000 new cases are detected every year in India, which causes 20% of all female deaths in India. 3,4 Cervical cancer and its mortality have been proven preventable by various screening and treatment strategies aimed at sexually active women. The key to reducing cervical cancer morbidity and mortality is early detection and treatment of cervical precancerous lesions among sexually active women on universal basis with available protocols for screening. Precancerous lesions are detectable for 10 years or more before cervical cancer develops. Among all malignant tumours, cervical cancer is the one that can be most ABSTRACT Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide. The knowledge and attitude of nursing personnel towards cervical cancer screening can grossly influence the community. As the doctor to patient ratio is low in India, staff nurses if trained can act both as health educators and service providers. Objectives of the study were to determine the baseline information about the knowledge of cervical cancer and explore attitude and practice of Pap smear screening among staff nurses. Methods: In this cross-sectional study sample of 100 nurses was selected randomly out of the total 445 nurses employed in the hospital at a rural tertiary care centre from August 2016 to October 2016. A self-administered, structured, open ended and pretested questionnaire comprising of questions on the general characteristics, awareness, perceptions and actual practices of nursing personnel was used to gather information about cervical screening. Results: In this study, 82% knew that Pap smear can detect cancer. About 48% knew that it can present as postmenopausal bleeding and 32% of the respondents knew that HPV is a risk factor for cancer cervix, but only 30% knew about HPV vaccine and only 35% have ever been screened. Conclusions: The study showed that, knowledge about cancer cervix, screening and practice of Pap smear is low among nursing staff. There is an urgent need for integration of cervical cancer prevention issues in the nurses existing training curriculum.

Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. eBooks, 2015

Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. eBooks, 2015

Journal of Family & Reproductive Health

Objective: To compare the efficacy of intracervical dinoprostone gel and hyaluronidase injection ... more Objective: To compare the efficacy of intracervical dinoprostone gel and hyaluronidase injection for induction of labour in term primigravida. Materials and methods: This is a hospital based analytical prospective interventional study conducted in a rural tertiary care centre over a period of 18 months. A total of 70 patients who required induction of labour for one or another reason with Bishop score of less than 6 were included in the study. All the cases were randomly divided into two groups, Group A received dinoprostone gel and Group B received hyaluronidase injection. Chi square test & unpaired T test were applied for statistical analysis. Results: Time interval from induction to active phase of labour was comparatively shorter in group A than in group B (10.74 ± 6.17 vs 15.94 ± 7.1) and the difference was significant (p= 0.001). Time interval from induction to delivery time was comparatively shorter in group A than group B (14.84 ± 8.86 vs 21.33 ± 7.86) and difference was si...

International journal of health sciences

The study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of premalignant lesions of cervix and to compa... more The study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of premalignant lesions of cervix and to compare the diagnostic efficacy of liquid based Cytology and Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid in predicting pre- malignant lesions of cervix. It was a facility based cross sectional study conducted on sexually active women in the age group of 18 to 60 years. Detailed history was obtained from all the patients followed by thorough examination. Per Speculum Examination, LBC and VIA was performed in all cases using standard procedure. Women with either positive VIA or with positive Cervical Cytology (LBC) or both positive, were subjected to cervical biopsy. A total of 2195 women were enrolled for LBC and VIA both. Liquid based cytology revealed premalignant lesions in 4.2% cases whereas VIA was positive in 7% cases. Histopathology revealed CIN 1, 2 and 3 in 22.5%, 11.1% and 4.1% cases respectively. Sensitivity of VIA was 76% and that of LBC was 55% whereas specificity of LBC was higher (70.88...

Gynecology and Minimally Invasive Therapy

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 2020

Introduction: The rate of Caesarean Section (CS) either primary or repeat has significantly incre... more Introduction: The rate of Caesarean Section (CS) either primary or repeat has significantly increased worldwide over the time. Trial of Labour After Caesarean (TOLAC) is an important strategy to limit the number of repeat CS. TOLAC either spontaneous or induced offers both benefits and risks to the mother and neonate. Aim: To determine the risks and benefits of inducing labour with Prostaglandin Gel (PGE2) in women with previous one CS and to compare it with patients who developed spontaneous labour in terms of fetal and maternal outcome. Materials and Methods: A prospective interventional study was conducted over a period of one year from June 2017 to May 2018. A total of 322 pregnant patients with previous one CS who fulfill the eligibility criteria for TOLAC were enrolled and divided into two groups. Of these 74 patients were induced with PGE2 gel (study group) and 248 experienced spontaneous labour. Data were analysed via Chi-square test and unpaired t-test using analytical tool...

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2018

Background: Objective of the study was to assess the awareness and acceptance for contraceptive p... more Background: Objective of the study was to assess the awareness and acceptance for contraceptive practices amongst the women attending the routine antenatal outpatient services at our tertiary rural institute.Methods: It was a cross sectional study done in UP University of Medical Sciences (UPUMS) Saifai. Three hundred fifty (350) patients aged between 18 -40 years were enrolled in the study after written informed consent. A self structured pre formed questionnaire was provided regarding demographic profile, obstetric profile, contraceptive practices and reasons for not using any contraception. Then data were analysed statistically.Results: Majority of the women were between the age group of 30-35 years and had basic level of education. In our study 90% women were aware of one or more methods of contraception. 86.5% accepted the contraceptive practices and 81.43% followed the contraception. 81.43% used temporary methods of which OCPs, IUCDs, and Condoms were common.Conclusions: Major...

International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2018

Background: Iron deficiency anaemia is one of the major morbidities during post-partum period. Th... more Background: Iron deficiency anaemia is one of the major morbidities during post-partum period. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy, safety and compliance of intravenous iron sucrose complex with oral Iron therapy in treatment of postpartum anemia.Methods: 100 postpartum anaemic patients randomized into two groups. In Group I oral iron ferrous sulphate tablets twice daily and in group II 200 mg of iron sucrose on every alternate day up to total calculated dose for 6 weeks. Hemoglobin and serum ferritin were measured on day 0, 2 week and 6 weeks. The side effects in both groups were noted.Results: Majority of patients are multiparous, illiterate and belonged to low socioeconomic. Mean baseline hemoglobin in oral group (Group I) was 7.90±0.905 gm /dl and in i/v group (Group II) was 7.81±0.849 gm /dl. There was significant rise in hemoglobin and hematocrit in both groups after 2 weeks and 6 weeks. However, efficiency of iron sucrose was greater in between the groups (p val...

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, Oct 22, 2018

Complementary feeding refers to food which complements breast milk and ensures that the child con... more Complementary feeding refers to food which complements breast milk and ensures that the child continues to have enough energy, protein and other nutrients to grow normally. After six months of age, breast milk alone is not enough to make an infant grow well. The World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) recommend exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for six months, i.e. 180 days and addition of complementary foods at six months of age with continued breastfeeding till at least two years. 1,2 If complementary foods are not introduced or are given inappropriately at this age, the growth of infants may ABSTRACT Background: Well-being of child is directly related to the nutritional status of the baby. Malnutrition rate increases between 6 and 18 months-the period of complementary feeding. Complementary feeding is the introduction of semisolid or solid food in infant who is on breast feeding, when mother's milk is no longer enough to meet the nutritional needs. Understanding the social beliefs, knowledge, attitude and practices about complementary feeding among mothers is an important step prior to designing an intervention strategy to prevent malnutrition in children. Aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding complementary feeding among mothers. Methods: Prospective study including 200 mothers with children between 6 to 24 months of age in GMC Haldwani, from December 2017 to May 2018. Results: Present study shows 60.5% mothers initiate their breast milk soon after delivery. The initiation of complementary food at the age of 8 months, 6 month and 4-5 months were 64 (32%), 104(52%) and 32 (16%) respectively. 68% mothers did not properly clean their children hands and utensils before feeding Use of janam ghutti 64% and dilution of cow milk 79% was the major part of complementary feeding. Conclusions: Mother's knowledge regarding timing of complementary feeding is inadequate and practices are inappropriate. Majority of them are not aware of the current recommendations. It is essential to give accurate information and education about complementary feeding to prevent malnutrition and improve the health status of children.

International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2018

Background: Anaemia is a major public health problem especially among low socioeconomic class of ... more Background: Anaemia is a major public health problem especially among low socioeconomic class of the population in developing countries. Prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women in developing countries is 51%. Anaemia is defined by the WHO as haemoglobin levels of less than 11 gm. % in pregnancy. The present study was aimed to find out prevalence of anaemia in rural tertiary care centre to see the foetal outcome in anaemic women.Methods: This is a retrospective observational study done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of medical sciences Saifai, Etawah from June 2017 to November 2017. All the women admitted to labour room in third trimester and delivered here were included in the study excluding the patients with pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, heart disease, patients with other medical disorders and patients with twin pregnancy, antepartum haemorrhage and the patients who did not deliver here.Results: Prevalence of anaemia was...

International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2018

Background: Premature rupture of membranes at term (PROM) is defined as a spontaneous rupture of ... more Background: Premature rupture of membranes at term (PROM) is defined as a spontaneous rupture of membranes after 37 completed weeks of gestation and before the onset of regular painful uterine contractions. PROM occurs in 5-10% of all pregnancies of which approximately 80% occur at term. The study aimed to compare the maternal and neonatal outcome in patients with term PROM receiving active induction versus expectant management.Methods: The present study was a prospective randomised controlled trial, conducted on 100 term antenatal women with PROM in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, UPUMS, Saifai from January 2016 to June 2017. 50 antenatal women received immediate induction with oral misoprostol while another 50 antenatal women were expectantly managed for 24 hours. The latency period, PROM delivery interval, maternal and neonatal outcome were compared and subjected to statistical analysis.Results: 42% of active management group and 30% of expectant management group ha...

Indian Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, 2016

Cureus, Jun 28, 2022

Background The risks of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes are not very clear in coronavirus... more Background The risks of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes are not very clear in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-positive pregnant women. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the maternal and fetal outcomes in COVID-19-positive pregnancies. Methodology This prospective, cohort study was conducted in a tertiary care center over the period of one year. The study group comprised pregnant patients who presented with COVID-19 in the first and second waves of the pandemic. Maternal symptoms due to COVID-19 infection, comorbidities, number of admissions to the intensive care unit (ICU), and maternal mortality were noted for every patient. Perinatal outcomes were recorded in the form of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), mode of delivery, preterm deliveries, birth weight of newborns, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions, and neonatal mortality. Data analysis was done in the form of a variable percentage and mean ± standard deviation (SD). Results COVID-19-positive pregnant patients were mostly asymptomatic (48.07%). Term deliveries (37-40 weeks) were seen in 44 (89.8%) patients. The percentage of normal vaginal delivery was 74% and cesarean section was 24%. Out of 52 patients, two (3.8%) patients were admitted to the high dependency unit (HDU), one (1.9%) patient was admitted to the ICU, and 49 (94.3%) patients were in the isolation ward. Of the 49 live births, four (8.16%) newborns were admitted to the NICU. No neonatal death was recorded. Conclusions In this study, COVID-19-pregnant women were mostly asymptomatic. Neonates of COVID-19-infected women also mostly tested COVID-19 negative. More studies are needed with larger sample sizes to determine the effect of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women and neonates.

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare, Jul 9, 2016

BACKGROUND Asphyxia is a leading cause of foetal neonatal mortality and morbidity. Nucleated red ... more BACKGROUND Asphyxia is a leading cause of foetal neonatal mortality and morbidity. Nucleated red blood cell count (NRBC) produced as compensatory response to asphyxia in foetus and NRBC level can be correlated to asphyxia. Because the present indices are unhelpful in the diagnosis and prediction of the severity of asphyxia, we wished to investigate the relationship between the nucleated RBC count and the severity & immediate outcome of perinatal asphyxia. METHOD This prospective comparative study was conducted in maternity ward of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Department and Paediatric Department of GSVM Medical College, Kanpur (Central UP), from January 2014 to September 2014. Newborns of term gestation were selected after satisfying inclusion criteria and were divided in 2 groups. The control group consisted 60 normal newborns and case group had 60 asphyxiated newborns. The cord blood was collected soon after birth, investigated for pH and making smears that were stained with Leishman's stain. NRBCs were counted against 100 WBCs. The statistical analysis was done using IMSTAT. RESULTS The mean NRBC count in the study group was 22.63±6.95 as compared to 4.75±2.04 in the control group (p=<0.0001). The NRBC count was significantly higher in low pH, neonates with low Apgar scores of < 3 at 1 minutes, newborns with HIE stage III & in neonates who were neurological abnormal at discharge (P=0.0001). CONCLUSIONS A simple, easy to do, cost effective bedside test, such as NRBC count at time of delivery is a good marker of perinatal asphyxia & its forthcoming immediate neurological outcome.

Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. eBooks, 2012

International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology, 2016

Background: Successful pregnancy is a result of countless ongoing interactions between the placen... more Background: Successful pregnancy is a result of countless ongoing interactions between the placental and the maternal immune and cardiovascular systems. Pre-eclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) remains important causes of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. These conditions arise from placental insufficiency which can be seen as alterations in waveforms in the uterine artery (UtA) in early pregnancy. We investigated the predictive accuracy of UtA Doppler indices for both conditions in the first trimester early enough to provide a window for preventive interventions. Methods: It was a prospective cohort study. (UtA) Doppler was carried out at 11-14 weeks in 100 singleton pregnancies attending for routine care. The right and left UtA were identified and velocity waveforms were obtained. Mean pulsatility index (PI), mean resistance index (RI) and diastolic notch were noted. Results were tabulated and analyzed. Results: 18% developed Preeclampsia and 16% developed IUGR. The first trimester UtA mean RI and mean PI were significantly higher in patients who are destined to develop Preeclampsia and IUGR. No significant relationship was found between IUGR, Preeclampsia and diatolic notch. Mean RI is a better predictor of IUGR and Pre-eclampsia compared to Mean PI. Using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve, the best cutoff of mean RI to detect the Pre-eclampsia and IUGR is 0.68. Conclusions: UtA Doppler at 11-14 weeks of gestation identifies a high proportion of women who will develop severe pre-eclampsia, and/or IUGR.

Cureus, Sep 25, 2020

Background The post-partum period is one of the critical times when ovulation is highly unpredict... more Background The post-partum period is one of the critical times when ovulation is highly unpredictable and couples often underestimate the likelihood of pregnancy. According to the World Health Organization, intrauterine copper device (IUCD) can be inserted within 48 hours post-partum, referred to as post-partum IUCD (PPIUCD). The objectives of the present study were to determine the safety and expulsion of intracesarean PPIUCD. This study also has an objective to determine the complications (undescended/missed thread, bleeding, pain, and infection) following intracesarean PPIUCD insertion among the women.

International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology, Aug 27, 2018

Worldwide, cervical cancer is the second most common (12%) cancer in women, however, in developin... more Worldwide, cervical cancer is the second most common (12%) cancer in women, however, in developing countries; it is the most common cancer among women. 1 According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), and India has the highest number of cervical cancer cases in the world. There are an estimated 1,32,000 new cases and 74,000 deaths each year which occur due to cervical cancer in India. 2 India bears about one fifth of the world's burden of cervical cancer, and >100,000 new cases are detected every year in India, which causes 20% of all female deaths in India. 3,4 Cervical cancer and its mortality have been proven preventable by various screening and treatment strategies aimed at sexually active women. The key to reducing cervical cancer morbidity and mortality is early detection and treatment of cervical precancerous lesions among sexually active women on universal basis with available protocols for screening. Precancerous lesions are detectable for 10 years or more before cervical cancer develops. Among all malignant tumours, cervical cancer is the one that can be most ABSTRACT Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide. The knowledge and attitude of nursing personnel towards cervical cancer screening can grossly influence the community. As the doctor to patient ratio is low in India, staff nurses if trained can act both as health educators and service providers. Objectives of the study were to determine the baseline information about the knowledge of cervical cancer and explore attitude and practice of Pap smear screening among staff nurses. Methods: In this cross-sectional study sample of 100 nurses was selected randomly out of the total 445 nurses employed in the hospital at a rural tertiary care centre from August 2016 to October 2016. A self-administered, structured, open ended and pretested questionnaire comprising of questions on the general characteristics, awareness, perceptions and actual practices of nursing personnel was used to gather information about cervical screening. Results: In this study, 82% knew that Pap smear can detect cancer. About 48% knew that it can present as postmenopausal bleeding and 32% of the respondents knew that HPV is a risk factor for cancer cervix, but only 30% knew about HPV vaccine and only 35% have ever been screened. Conclusions: The study showed that, knowledge about cancer cervix, screening and practice of Pap smear is low among nursing staff. There is an urgent need for integration of cervical cancer prevention issues in the nurses existing training curriculum.

Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. eBooks, 2015

Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. eBooks, 2015

Journal of Family & Reproductive Health

Objective: To compare the efficacy of intracervical dinoprostone gel and hyaluronidase injection ... more Objective: To compare the efficacy of intracervical dinoprostone gel and hyaluronidase injection for induction of labour in term primigravida. Materials and methods: This is a hospital based analytical prospective interventional study conducted in a rural tertiary care centre over a period of 18 months. A total of 70 patients who required induction of labour for one or another reason with Bishop score of less than 6 were included in the study. All the cases were randomly divided into two groups, Group A received dinoprostone gel and Group B received hyaluronidase injection. Chi square test & unpaired T test were applied for statistical analysis. Results: Time interval from induction to active phase of labour was comparatively shorter in group A than in group B (10.74 ± 6.17 vs 15.94 ± 7.1) and the difference was significant (p= 0.001). Time interval from induction to delivery time was comparatively shorter in group A than group B (14.84 ± 8.86 vs 21.33 ± 7.86) and difference was si...

International journal of health sciences

The study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of premalignant lesions of cervix and to compa... more The study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of premalignant lesions of cervix and to compare the diagnostic efficacy of liquid based Cytology and Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid in predicting pre- malignant lesions of cervix. It was a facility based cross sectional study conducted on sexually active women in the age group of 18 to 60 years. Detailed history was obtained from all the patients followed by thorough examination. Per Speculum Examination, LBC and VIA was performed in all cases using standard procedure. Women with either positive VIA or with positive Cervical Cytology (LBC) or both positive, were subjected to cervical biopsy. A total of 2195 women were enrolled for LBC and VIA both. Liquid based cytology revealed premalignant lesions in 4.2% cases whereas VIA was positive in 7% cases. Histopathology revealed CIN 1, 2 and 3 in 22.5%, 11.1% and 4.1% cases respectively. Sensitivity of VIA was 76% and that of LBC was 55% whereas specificity of LBC was higher (70.88...

Gynecology and Minimally Invasive Therapy

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 2020

Introduction: The rate of Caesarean Section (CS) either primary or repeat has significantly incre... more Introduction: The rate of Caesarean Section (CS) either primary or repeat has significantly increased worldwide over the time. Trial of Labour After Caesarean (TOLAC) is an important strategy to limit the number of repeat CS. TOLAC either spontaneous or induced offers both benefits and risks to the mother and neonate. Aim: To determine the risks and benefits of inducing labour with Prostaglandin Gel (PGE2) in women with previous one CS and to compare it with patients who developed spontaneous labour in terms of fetal and maternal outcome. Materials and Methods: A prospective interventional study was conducted over a period of one year from June 2017 to May 2018. A total of 322 pregnant patients with previous one CS who fulfill the eligibility criteria for TOLAC were enrolled and divided into two groups. Of these 74 patients were induced with PGE2 gel (study group) and 248 experienced spontaneous labour. Data were analysed via Chi-square test and unpaired t-test using analytical tool...

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2018

Background: Objective of the study was to assess the awareness and acceptance for contraceptive p... more Background: Objective of the study was to assess the awareness and acceptance for contraceptive practices amongst the women attending the routine antenatal outpatient services at our tertiary rural institute.Methods: It was a cross sectional study done in UP University of Medical Sciences (UPUMS) Saifai. Three hundred fifty (350) patients aged between 18 -40 years were enrolled in the study after written informed consent. A self structured pre formed questionnaire was provided regarding demographic profile, obstetric profile, contraceptive practices and reasons for not using any contraception. Then data were analysed statistically.Results: Majority of the women were between the age group of 30-35 years and had basic level of education. In our study 90% women were aware of one or more methods of contraception. 86.5% accepted the contraceptive practices and 81.43% followed the contraception. 81.43% used temporary methods of which OCPs, IUCDs, and Condoms were common.Conclusions: Major...

International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2018

Background: Iron deficiency anaemia is one of the major morbidities during post-partum period. Th... more Background: Iron deficiency anaemia is one of the major morbidities during post-partum period. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy, safety and compliance of intravenous iron sucrose complex with oral Iron therapy in treatment of postpartum anemia.Methods: 100 postpartum anaemic patients randomized into two groups. In Group I oral iron ferrous sulphate tablets twice daily and in group II 200 mg of iron sucrose on every alternate day up to total calculated dose for 6 weeks. Hemoglobin and serum ferritin were measured on day 0, 2 week and 6 weeks. The side effects in both groups were noted.Results: Majority of patients are multiparous, illiterate and belonged to low socioeconomic. Mean baseline hemoglobin in oral group (Group I) was 7.90±0.905 gm /dl and in i/v group (Group II) was 7.81±0.849 gm /dl. There was significant rise in hemoglobin and hematocrit in both groups after 2 weeks and 6 weeks. However, efficiency of iron sucrose was greater in between the groups (p val...

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, Oct 22, 2018

Complementary feeding refers to food which complements breast milk and ensures that the child con... more Complementary feeding refers to food which complements breast milk and ensures that the child continues to have enough energy, protein and other nutrients to grow normally. After six months of age, breast milk alone is not enough to make an infant grow well. The World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) recommend exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for six months, i.e. 180 days and addition of complementary foods at six months of age with continued breastfeeding till at least two years. 1,2 If complementary foods are not introduced or are given inappropriately at this age, the growth of infants may ABSTRACT Background: Well-being of child is directly related to the nutritional status of the baby. Malnutrition rate increases between 6 and 18 months-the period of complementary feeding. Complementary feeding is the introduction of semisolid or solid food in infant who is on breast feeding, when mother's milk is no longer enough to meet the nutritional needs. Understanding the social beliefs, knowledge, attitude and practices about complementary feeding among mothers is an important step prior to designing an intervention strategy to prevent malnutrition in children. Aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding complementary feeding among mothers. Methods: Prospective study including 200 mothers with children between 6 to 24 months of age in GMC Haldwani, from December 2017 to May 2018. Results: Present study shows 60.5% mothers initiate their breast milk soon after delivery. The initiation of complementary food at the age of 8 months, 6 month and 4-5 months were 64 (32%), 104(52%) and 32 (16%) respectively. 68% mothers did not properly clean their children hands and utensils before feeding Use of janam ghutti 64% and dilution of cow milk 79% was the major part of complementary feeding. Conclusions: Mother's knowledge regarding timing of complementary feeding is inadequate and practices are inappropriate. Majority of them are not aware of the current recommendations. It is essential to give accurate information and education about complementary feeding to prevent malnutrition and improve the health status of children.

International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2018

Background: Anaemia is a major public health problem especially among low socioeconomic class of ... more Background: Anaemia is a major public health problem especially among low socioeconomic class of the population in developing countries. Prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women in developing countries is 51%. Anaemia is defined by the WHO as haemoglobin levels of less than 11 gm. % in pregnancy. The present study was aimed to find out prevalence of anaemia in rural tertiary care centre to see the foetal outcome in anaemic women.Methods: This is a retrospective observational study done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of medical sciences Saifai, Etawah from June 2017 to November 2017. All the women admitted to labour room in third trimester and delivered here were included in the study excluding the patients with pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, heart disease, patients with other medical disorders and patients with twin pregnancy, antepartum haemorrhage and the patients who did not deliver here.Results: Prevalence of anaemia was...

International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2018

Background: Premature rupture of membranes at term (PROM) is defined as a spontaneous rupture of ... more Background: Premature rupture of membranes at term (PROM) is defined as a spontaneous rupture of membranes after 37 completed weeks of gestation and before the onset of regular painful uterine contractions. PROM occurs in 5-10% of all pregnancies of which approximately 80% occur at term. The study aimed to compare the maternal and neonatal outcome in patients with term PROM receiving active induction versus expectant management.Methods: The present study was a prospective randomised controlled trial, conducted on 100 term antenatal women with PROM in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, UPUMS, Saifai from January 2016 to June 2017. 50 antenatal women received immediate induction with oral misoprostol while another 50 antenatal women were expectantly managed for 24 hours. The latency period, PROM delivery interval, maternal and neonatal outcome were compared and subjected to statistical analysis.Results: 42% of active management group and 30% of expectant management group ha...

Indian Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, 2016