Soumaya Rhouma - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Soumaya Rhouma
Biotechnologies du palmier dattier
Biotechnologies du palmier dattier
La loi du 1 er juillet 1992 (code de la propriété intellectuelle, première partie) n'autorisant, ... more La loi du 1 er juillet 1992 (code de la propriété intellectuelle, première partie) n'autorisant, aux termes des alinéas 2 et 3 de l'article L. 122-5, d'une part, que les « copies ou reproductions strictement réservées à l'usage du copiste et non destinées à une utilisation collective » et, d'autre part, que les analyses et les courtes citations dans le but d'exemple ou d'illustration, « toute représentation ou reproduction intégrale ou partielle faite sans le consentement de l'auteur ou de ses ayants droit ou ayants cause est illicite » (alinéa 1 er de l'article L. 122-4). Cette représentation ou reproduction, par quelque procédé que ce soit, constituerait donc une contrefaçon passible des peines prévues au titre III de la loi précitée.
Silvae Genetica, 2022
Retrotransposon movements are considered to be an important factor in evolutionary processes and ... more Retrotransposon movements are considered to be an important factor in evolutionary processes and speciation as well as a source of genetic variation. In order to analyze genetic diversity and population structure in Tunisian pistachio species, nine inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism (IRAP) markers were used. As a result, eighty-six amplicons were produced among which 98.15 % were polymorphic. Mean numbers of the effective number of alleles (Ne), Shannon’s information index (I) and Nei’s genetic diversity (H) were respectively 1.529, 0.478, and 0.310. The average within-population genetic diversity (Hs) was 0.24 and the total diversity (Ht) was 0.3. The Tunisian pistachio populations exhibited high genetic differentiation (Gst =0.275) and gene flow (Nm = 1.888). The Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) indicated that variation was very high within populations (83 %). Phylogenetic tree using neighbor- joining (NJ) method and Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) depicted t...
Biotechnologies du palmier dattier
Partie 1 État des lieux de la culture du palmier dattier Le palmier dattier en Algérie. Situation... more Partie 1 État des lieux de la culture du palmier dattier Le palmier dattier en Algérie. Situation, contraintes et apports de la recherche N. Bouguedoura, M. Bennaceur, A. Benkhalifa 15 Les ressources génétiques du palmier dattier en Tunisie. État actuel et perspectives de recherche développement
Biotechnologies du palmier dattier, 2010
Le palmier dattier est une plante d'intérêt écologique, économique et social majeur pour de n... more Le palmier dattier est une plante d'intérêt écologique, économique et social majeur pour de nombreux pays des zones arides qui comptent parmi les plus pauvres du globe. En effet, en créant au milieu du désert un microclimat favorable au développement de cultures sous-jacentes, le palmier dattier constitue l'axe principal de l'agriculture dans les régions désertiques et représente la principale ressource vivrière et financière des populations oasiennes. Pour traiter les problématiques liées à la culture du palmier au Maghreb, en Afrique et en Europe du Sud, 60 chercheurs font ici un bilan de leurs recherches sur l'évaluation, la conservation et la valorisation des ressources génétiques du palmier dattier, ouvrant ainsi de nouvelles perspectives pluridisciplinaires. L'ouvrage présente les dernières avancées scientifiques sur la production à grande échelle, les variations somaclonales et l'amélioration génétique. Enfin, il pose les bases de nouveaux projets internationaux sur la conservation des ressources génétiques du palmier dattier, un enjeu important pour développer l'agriculture oasienne
Revue Des Regions Arides, 2008
Le patrimoine genetique phoenicicole tunisien est caracterise par une richesse considerable du fa... more Le patrimoine genetique phoenicicole tunisien est caracterise par une richesse considerable du fait qu'on a identifie plus que 250 cultivars dans les oasis continentales et cotieres du pays. Neanmoins nos palmeraies sont doublement menacees par une erosion genetique ainsi que par differentes maladies a caractere epidemique. Au cours de cette etude la technique Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) a ete utilisee pour une identification efficace de 40 cultivars de palmier dattier. Les resultats ont permis de reveler un taux de polymorphisme egal a 100% sur l'ensemble des ecotypes etudies. Ceci temoigne de la puissance de la technique AFLP pour analyser la diversite genetique. Les resultats seront discutes en rapport avec les perspectives de developpement d'une meilleure strategie de conservation de ces ressources phytogenetiques.
Genetica, Jan 19, 2016
The breeding of crop species relies on the valorisation of ancestral or wild varieties to enrich ... more The breeding of crop species relies on the valorisation of ancestral or wild varieties to enrich the cultivated germplasm. The Tunisian date palm genetic patrimony is being threatened by diversity loss and global climate change. We have conducted a genetic study to evaluate the potential of spontaneous coastal resources to improve the currently exploited Tunisian date palm genetic pool. Eighteen microsatellite loci of Phoenix dactylifera L. were used to compare the genetic diversity of coastal accessions from Kerkennah, Djerba, Gabès and continental date palm accessions from Tozeur. A collection of 105 date palms from the four regions was analysed. This study has provided us with an extensive understanding of the local genetic diversity and its distribution. The coastal date palm genotypes exhibit a high and specific genetic diversity. These genotypes are certainly an untapped reservoir of agronomically important genes to improve cultivated germplasm in continental date palm.
Date Palm Biotechnology, 2011
Over recent decades date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) polymorphism and genetic diversity have be... more Over recent decades date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) polymorphism and genetic diversity have been studied extensively, bringing about a revolution in this area of research. Molecular markers have been successfully designed and data have proved their efficiency in the genome assessment of this palm. In fact, these now constitute an important tool for many date palm investigations. Tunisian date palm
Desert Plants, 2009
Phoenix dactylifera L. was introduced in Tunisia a very long time ago and plays an important soci... more Phoenix dactylifera L. was introduced in Tunisia a very long time ago and plays an important socioeconomic role, especially in the south of the country. Genetic diversity and relationships among 26 cultivars were assessed with 7 ISSR primers. A total of 43 amplifi ed bands were obtained. Principal component analyses based on Nei genetic distances showed no geographical separation with the exception of the Dhahbi cultivar, which has a limited geographical distribution. A group of cultivars that are also phonetically clustered was distinguished. Th ese cultivars have a common maturity period and a common fruit consistency. Th e Mantel test emphasizes a signifi cant correlation between genetic distance and fruit consistency (r = −0.120; P = 0.026). A signifi cant diff erentiation was observed between the soft and dry subpopulations (PhiPT = 0.126; P = 0.007). Discriminant analyses highlight the association of markers with fruit consistency groups. Fruit consistency is an economically important feature. In the future, these fi ndings may be utilized for improving management strategies in Tunisia and other countries where date palms are economically signifi cant.
Scientia Horticulturae, 2012
ABSTRACT Due to the economic importance of the date palm in Tunisia, we attempt to develop micros... more ABSTRACT Due to the economic importance of the date palm in Tunisia, we attempt to develop microsatellite markers for the genetic characterisation and identification of cultivars. This characterisation will enable us to obtain an extensive understanding of the local genetic diversity and its distribution. Fourteen microsatellite loci of Phoenix dactylifera L. were tested to examine the genetic diversity in the Tunisian date palm germplasm; 74 female and 27 male cultivars were represented. A total of 136 alleles and 311 genotypes were detected based on 14 loci microsatellite. A high level of polymorphism was detected at the DNA level. The 101 date palms from three main oases exhibited a high degree of genetic diversity and were structured independently of their geographical origin and sex. All the local date palm accessions were successfully fingerprinted and easily distinguished based on only five loci. The possibility of using microsatellites in the large-scale molecular labelling of offshoots and in vitro plantlets and in the certification of plant material is discussed.
Biologia plantarum, 2007
Mauritanian date palm cultivars and progenies of two controlled crosses were analyzed according t... more Mauritanian date palm cultivars and progenies of two controlled crosses were analyzed according to the identity of mitochondrial plasmid-like DNAs. Starting from total genomic DNA and appropriate primers, polymerase chain reaction was designed to amplify either a 373-bp or a 265-bp fragments corresponding to the S and the R-plasmid respectively. Data proved that 5 cultivars out of 10 studied have exhibited the R-plasmid suggesting their resistance to the fusariosis. The existence of intra-cultivar variability has also been revealed in the cv. Ahmar. In addition, analysis throughout progenies of two controlled crosses suggested the strict maternal transmission of the date palms' mitochondrial genome.
Acta Botanica …, 2008
The aim of this study was to use morphological markers to characterize twelve Mauritanian date-pa... more The aim of this study was to use morphological markers to characterize twelve Mauritanian date-palm ecotypes currently grown by farmers. Eighteen phenotypic traits describing the vegetative systems were measured in the field in Atar Oasis. The data set was analyzed by principal components analysis (PCA) and UPGMA clustering. PCA revealed a great variability among the cultivars. Fourteen out of the 18 characters studied showed a high discriminating power suggesting their possible uses in the establishment of a Mauritanian date-palm catalogue. UPGMA Clustering revealed association between cultivars with similar fruit characteristics indicating that these ecotypes are morphologically related. Results also showed that individuals belonging to the Ahmar cultivar were morphologically distinct, suggesting it is likely a polyclonal variety.
… Research J. Plant …, 2010
... 3(9): 859-866. Ben Abdallah A, Stiti K, Lepoivre P (2000). Identification de cultivars de pal... more ... 3(9): 859-866. Ben Abdallah A, Stiti K, Lepoivre P (2000). Identification de cultivars de palmier dattier (Phoenix dactylifera L.) par l'amplification aléatoire d'ADN (RAPD). ... 199p. Page 8. Rhouma S, Zehdi-Azouzi S, Ould Mohamed Salem, Rhouma A, Marrakchi M, Trifi M (2008). ...
The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 2007
ABSTRACT Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) were used successfully to survey genetic ... more ABSTRACT Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) were used successfully to survey genetic diversity in 40 ecotypes of date-palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) collected from oases in Tunisia. Six primer pairs were screened to assess their ability to detect polymorphism in this tree crop. As a result, a total of 428 AFLPs have been generated and used to estimate genetic distances which ranged from 0.07 - 0.63. A large, and typically continuous, range of genetic diversity characterises Tunisian date-palm germplasm. In addition, the UPGMA dendrogram derived from these data exhibited two clusterings of ecotypes independent of their geographic origin or the sex of the trees. These data corroborate the hypothesis of the origin of date-palm domestication being in Mesopotamia. Moreover, taking into account the high percentage of polymorphic bands, together with their resolving power (Rp), all the primer pairs tested contributed to the discrimination of date-palm genotypes, suggesting that the AFLP method is efficient in assessing genetic diversity in this crop. The data are discussed in relation to the use of AFLP molecular markers in the management and improvement of date-palm.
Scientia Horticulturae, 2008
... Abstract. Random amplified microsatellite polymorphisms (RAMPOs) were used to assess genetic ... more ... Abstract. Random amplified microsatellite polymorphisms (RAMPOs) were used to assess genetic diversity among 30 date-palm cultivars and 10 male trees. ... Forty accessions (30 cultivars and 10 male trees) of Tunisian date-palm, listed in Table 1, were used in this study. ...
Biotechnologies du palmier dattier
Biotechnologies du palmier dattier
La loi du 1 er juillet 1992 (code de la propriété intellectuelle, première partie) n'autorisant, ... more La loi du 1 er juillet 1992 (code de la propriété intellectuelle, première partie) n'autorisant, aux termes des alinéas 2 et 3 de l'article L. 122-5, d'une part, que les « copies ou reproductions strictement réservées à l'usage du copiste et non destinées à une utilisation collective » et, d'autre part, que les analyses et les courtes citations dans le but d'exemple ou d'illustration, « toute représentation ou reproduction intégrale ou partielle faite sans le consentement de l'auteur ou de ses ayants droit ou ayants cause est illicite » (alinéa 1 er de l'article L. 122-4). Cette représentation ou reproduction, par quelque procédé que ce soit, constituerait donc une contrefaçon passible des peines prévues au titre III de la loi précitée.
Silvae Genetica, 2022
Retrotransposon movements are considered to be an important factor in evolutionary processes and ... more Retrotransposon movements are considered to be an important factor in evolutionary processes and speciation as well as a source of genetic variation. In order to analyze genetic diversity and population structure in Tunisian pistachio species, nine inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism (IRAP) markers were used. As a result, eighty-six amplicons were produced among which 98.15 % were polymorphic. Mean numbers of the effective number of alleles (Ne), Shannon’s information index (I) and Nei’s genetic diversity (H) were respectively 1.529, 0.478, and 0.310. The average within-population genetic diversity (Hs) was 0.24 and the total diversity (Ht) was 0.3. The Tunisian pistachio populations exhibited high genetic differentiation (Gst =0.275) and gene flow (Nm = 1.888). The Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) indicated that variation was very high within populations (83 %). Phylogenetic tree using neighbor- joining (NJ) method and Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) depicted t...
Biotechnologies du palmier dattier
Partie 1 État des lieux de la culture du palmier dattier Le palmier dattier en Algérie. Situation... more Partie 1 État des lieux de la culture du palmier dattier Le palmier dattier en Algérie. Situation, contraintes et apports de la recherche N. Bouguedoura, M. Bennaceur, A. Benkhalifa 15 Les ressources génétiques du palmier dattier en Tunisie. État actuel et perspectives de recherche développement
Biotechnologies du palmier dattier, 2010
Le palmier dattier est une plante d'intérêt écologique, économique et social majeur pour de n... more Le palmier dattier est une plante d'intérêt écologique, économique et social majeur pour de nombreux pays des zones arides qui comptent parmi les plus pauvres du globe. En effet, en créant au milieu du désert un microclimat favorable au développement de cultures sous-jacentes, le palmier dattier constitue l'axe principal de l'agriculture dans les régions désertiques et représente la principale ressource vivrière et financière des populations oasiennes. Pour traiter les problématiques liées à la culture du palmier au Maghreb, en Afrique et en Europe du Sud, 60 chercheurs font ici un bilan de leurs recherches sur l'évaluation, la conservation et la valorisation des ressources génétiques du palmier dattier, ouvrant ainsi de nouvelles perspectives pluridisciplinaires. L'ouvrage présente les dernières avancées scientifiques sur la production à grande échelle, les variations somaclonales et l'amélioration génétique. Enfin, il pose les bases de nouveaux projets internationaux sur la conservation des ressources génétiques du palmier dattier, un enjeu important pour développer l'agriculture oasienne
Revue Des Regions Arides, 2008
Le patrimoine genetique phoenicicole tunisien est caracterise par une richesse considerable du fa... more Le patrimoine genetique phoenicicole tunisien est caracterise par une richesse considerable du fait qu'on a identifie plus que 250 cultivars dans les oasis continentales et cotieres du pays. Neanmoins nos palmeraies sont doublement menacees par une erosion genetique ainsi que par differentes maladies a caractere epidemique. Au cours de cette etude la technique Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) a ete utilisee pour une identification efficace de 40 cultivars de palmier dattier. Les resultats ont permis de reveler un taux de polymorphisme egal a 100% sur l'ensemble des ecotypes etudies. Ceci temoigne de la puissance de la technique AFLP pour analyser la diversite genetique. Les resultats seront discutes en rapport avec les perspectives de developpement d'une meilleure strategie de conservation de ces ressources phytogenetiques.
Genetica, Jan 19, 2016
The breeding of crop species relies on the valorisation of ancestral or wild varieties to enrich ... more The breeding of crop species relies on the valorisation of ancestral or wild varieties to enrich the cultivated germplasm. The Tunisian date palm genetic patrimony is being threatened by diversity loss and global climate change. We have conducted a genetic study to evaluate the potential of spontaneous coastal resources to improve the currently exploited Tunisian date palm genetic pool. Eighteen microsatellite loci of Phoenix dactylifera L. were used to compare the genetic diversity of coastal accessions from Kerkennah, Djerba, Gabès and continental date palm accessions from Tozeur. A collection of 105 date palms from the four regions was analysed. This study has provided us with an extensive understanding of the local genetic diversity and its distribution. The coastal date palm genotypes exhibit a high and specific genetic diversity. These genotypes are certainly an untapped reservoir of agronomically important genes to improve cultivated germplasm in continental date palm.
Date Palm Biotechnology, 2011
Over recent decades date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) polymorphism and genetic diversity have be... more Over recent decades date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) polymorphism and genetic diversity have been studied extensively, bringing about a revolution in this area of research. Molecular markers have been successfully designed and data have proved their efficiency in the genome assessment of this palm. In fact, these now constitute an important tool for many date palm investigations. Tunisian date palm
Desert Plants, 2009
Phoenix dactylifera L. was introduced in Tunisia a very long time ago and plays an important soci... more Phoenix dactylifera L. was introduced in Tunisia a very long time ago and plays an important socioeconomic role, especially in the south of the country. Genetic diversity and relationships among 26 cultivars were assessed with 7 ISSR primers. A total of 43 amplifi ed bands were obtained. Principal component analyses based on Nei genetic distances showed no geographical separation with the exception of the Dhahbi cultivar, which has a limited geographical distribution. A group of cultivars that are also phonetically clustered was distinguished. Th ese cultivars have a common maturity period and a common fruit consistency. Th e Mantel test emphasizes a signifi cant correlation between genetic distance and fruit consistency (r = −0.120; P = 0.026). A signifi cant diff erentiation was observed between the soft and dry subpopulations (PhiPT = 0.126; P = 0.007). Discriminant analyses highlight the association of markers with fruit consistency groups. Fruit consistency is an economically important feature. In the future, these fi ndings may be utilized for improving management strategies in Tunisia and other countries where date palms are economically signifi cant.
Scientia Horticulturae, 2012
ABSTRACT Due to the economic importance of the date palm in Tunisia, we attempt to develop micros... more ABSTRACT Due to the economic importance of the date palm in Tunisia, we attempt to develop microsatellite markers for the genetic characterisation and identification of cultivars. This characterisation will enable us to obtain an extensive understanding of the local genetic diversity and its distribution. Fourteen microsatellite loci of Phoenix dactylifera L. were tested to examine the genetic diversity in the Tunisian date palm germplasm; 74 female and 27 male cultivars were represented. A total of 136 alleles and 311 genotypes were detected based on 14 loci microsatellite. A high level of polymorphism was detected at the DNA level. The 101 date palms from three main oases exhibited a high degree of genetic diversity and were structured independently of their geographical origin and sex. All the local date palm accessions were successfully fingerprinted and easily distinguished based on only five loci. The possibility of using microsatellites in the large-scale molecular labelling of offshoots and in vitro plantlets and in the certification of plant material is discussed.
Biologia plantarum, 2007
Mauritanian date palm cultivars and progenies of two controlled crosses were analyzed according t... more Mauritanian date palm cultivars and progenies of two controlled crosses were analyzed according to the identity of mitochondrial plasmid-like DNAs. Starting from total genomic DNA and appropriate primers, polymerase chain reaction was designed to amplify either a 373-bp or a 265-bp fragments corresponding to the S and the R-plasmid respectively. Data proved that 5 cultivars out of 10 studied have exhibited the R-plasmid suggesting their resistance to the fusariosis. The existence of intra-cultivar variability has also been revealed in the cv. Ahmar. In addition, analysis throughout progenies of two controlled crosses suggested the strict maternal transmission of the date palms' mitochondrial genome.
Acta Botanica …, 2008
The aim of this study was to use morphological markers to characterize twelve Mauritanian date-pa... more The aim of this study was to use morphological markers to characterize twelve Mauritanian date-palm ecotypes currently grown by farmers. Eighteen phenotypic traits describing the vegetative systems were measured in the field in Atar Oasis. The data set was analyzed by principal components analysis (PCA) and UPGMA clustering. PCA revealed a great variability among the cultivars. Fourteen out of the 18 characters studied showed a high discriminating power suggesting their possible uses in the establishment of a Mauritanian date-palm catalogue. UPGMA Clustering revealed association between cultivars with similar fruit characteristics indicating that these ecotypes are morphologically related. Results also showed that individuals belonging to the Ahmar cultivar were morphologically distinct, suggesting it is likely a polyclonal variety.
… Research J. Plant …, 2010
... 3(9): 859-866. Ben Abdallah A, Stiti K, Lepoivre P (2000). Identification de cultivars de pal... more ... 3(9): 859-866. Ben Abdallah A, Stiti K, Lepoivre P (2000). Identification de cultivars de palmier dattier (Phoenix dactylifera L.) par l'amplification aléatoire d'ADN (RAPD). ... 199p. Page 8. Rhouma S, Zehdi-Azouzi S, Ould Mohamed Salem, Rhouma A, Marrakchi M, Trifi M (2008). ...
The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 2007
ABSTRACT Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) were used successfully to survey genetic ... more ABSTRACT Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) were used successfully to survey genetic diversity in 40 ecotypes of date-palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) collected from oases in Tunisia. Six primer pairs were screened to assess their ability to detect polymorphism in this tree crop. As a result, a total of 428 AFLPs have been generated and used to estimate genetic distances which ranged from 0.07 - 0.63. A large, and typically continuous, range of genetic diversity characterises Tunisian date-palm germplasm. In addition, the UPGMA dendrogram derived from these data exhibited two clusterings of ecotypes independent of their geographic origin or the sex of the trees. These data corroborate the hypothesis of the origin of date-palm domestication being in Mesopotamia. Moreover, taking into account the high percentage of polymorphic bands, together with their resolving power (Rp), all the primer pairs tested contributed to the discrimination of date-palm genotypes, suggesting that the AFLP method is efficient in assessing genetic diversity in this crop. The data are discussed in relation to the use of AFLP molecular markers in the management and improvement of date-palm.
Scientia Horticulturae, 2008
... Abstract. Random amplified microsatellite polymorphisms (RAMPOs) were used to assess genetic ... more ... Abstract. Random amplified microsatellite polymorphisms (RAMPOs) were used to assess genetic diversity among 30 date-palm cultivars and 10 male trees. ... Forty accessions (30 cultivars and 10 male trees) of Tunisian date-palm, listed in Table 1, were used in this study. ...