Stefan Speck - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Stefan Speck

Research paper thumbnail of A future for carbon taxes

Ecological Economics, 2000

Carbon taxes have been frequently advocated as a cost-effective instrument for reducing emissions... more Carbon taxes have been frequently advocated as a cost-effective instrument for reducing emissions. However, in the practice of environmental policies, only six countries have implemented taxes based on the carbon content of the energy products. In this paper, we evaluate carbon taxes with regard to their competitiveness, distributional and environmental impacts. The evidence shows that carbon taxes may be an interesting policy option and that their main negative impacts may be compensated through the design of the tax and the use of the generated fiscal revenues.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of Neoclassical and Neo-Austrian Growth Models

This paper compares the one-sector neoclassical (Solow) growth model with a neo-Austrian growth m... more This paper compares the one-sector neoclassical (Solow) growth model with a neo-Austrian growth model. The solutions of the neoclassical growth model in terms of the golden rule of accumulation and the Ramsey rule are well known, and these conditions are compared with the outcomes of the neo-Austrian growth model, which we derive using a basic three-process model.

Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of Pollution and Energy Taxes across the European Income Distribution

This paper examines the likely immediate impact effect of some pollution taxes on the tax burden ... more This paper examines the likely immediate impact effect of some pollution taxes on the tax burden of households in a number of European countries. The total effect on households of such taxes is assessed using input-output analysis. Thus both the direct effect of taxes, through increased fuel prices, and the indirect effect, through increased prices of other goods, can be assessed simultaneously. This input-output approach allows the generation of direct plus indirect pollution intensities for all household consumption categories, for, in principle, a number of pollutants (CO2, SO2, NOx, particulates). These intensities could then be used to assess the impact on households of pollution taxes. This paper concentrates on CO2 and energy, performing a static analysis of the effect of a tax on the carbon or energy content of goods using the known consumption patterns for the various countries, both in aggregate and for different income groups. This allows a first assessment of the regress...

Research paper thumbnail of The distributional effects of carbon and energy taxes: the cases of France, Spain, Italy, Germany and UK

This paper examines the likely immediate impact effect of some pollution taxes on the tax burden ... more This paper examines the likely immediate impact effect of some pollution taxes on the tax burden of households in a number of European countries. The total effect on households of such taxes is assessed using input–output analysis. Thus both the direct effect of taxes, through increased fuel prices, and the indirect effect, through increased prices of other goods, can be assessed simultaneously. This input–output approach allows the generation of direct plus indirect pollution intensities for all household consumption categories, for, in principle, a number of pollutants (CO2, SO2, NOx, particulates). These intensities could then be used to assess the impact on households of pollution taxes. This paper concentrates on CO2 and energy, performing a static analysis of the effect of a tax on the carbon or energy content of goods using the known consumption patterns for the various countries, both in aggregate and for different income groups. This allows a first assessment of the regress...

Research paper thumbnail of The lifetime pollution implications of various types of electricity generation. An input-output analysis

Energy Policy, 1996

ELSEVIER Fnergy Policy. Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 229237. 1996 Copyright 0 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd Pr... more ELSEVIER Fnergy Policy. Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 229237. 1996 Copyright 0 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd Printed in Great Britain. All rights reserved 03014215 96 15.00 + 0.00 03014215(95)001549 The lifetime pollution implications of various types of electricity generation An inputoutput ...

Research paper thumbnail of Environmental Tax Reform in Europe: Energy Tax Rates and Competitiveness

In Chalifour N and Milne J and Ashiabor H and Deketelaere K and Kreiser L Critical Issues in Environmental Taxation Oxford University Press Oxford, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Towards a green economy in Europe. EU environmental policy targets and objectives 2010–2050

Research paper thumbnail of A Neo-Austrian Five Process Model with Resource extraction and Pollution Abatement

This paper describes a neo-Austrian approach to analyse long-run economy-environment interactions... more This paper describes a neo-Austrian approach to analyse long-run economy-environment interactions. The modelling framework incorporates resource use and pollution as integral components of production processes. We start our study by reviewing the neo-Austrian capital theoretic approach. A neo-Austrian model is developed and presented in input-output form, and the corresponding accounting prices are derived by using this representation. An intertemporal simulation approach is embodied by establishing the optimization of an intertemporal social welfare function. Results from the optimization approach are discussed and also discount rate variations are assessed in terms of their effects on the model economy.

Research paper thumbnail of Environmental Tax Reform (ETR): A Policy for Green Growth

Research paper thumbnail of GFC briefing paper 7: competitiveness and environmental tax reform

Research paper thumbnail of The Design of Carbon and Broad-Based Energy Taxes in European Countries

Vermont Journal of Environmental Law, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of The fiscal implications of climate change and policy responses

Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies For Global Change, 2014

ABSTRACT This paper is concerned with the implications of climate change, and government policies... more ABSTRACT This paper is concerned with the implications of climate change, and government policies to address it, for countries’ fiscal systems at the national level. Given the uncertainties associated with climate change and countries’ responses to it, the article can do no more than review and suggest some of the major issues of likely importance for fiscal sustainability and how they might be addressed. First the paper defines fiscal sustainability and addresses some general issues related to countries’ attempts to adapt to or mitigate climate change. It then works through a number of more specific issues, discussing policies such as the implementation of environmental taxes or other instruments for the mitigation of climate change. The assessment of the impacts of such policies on fiscal sustainability requires the application of sophisticated economic models, and the paper briefly explores the relative advantages of different modeling approaches in relation to the assessment of fiscal sustainability under policies to mitigate climate change. The major research need identified by the paper is for the development of macroeconomic models that will enable countries identify the wider effects of environmental taxes and help them undertake multi-year budgeting processes.

Research paper thumbnail of Competition on European Energy Markets: Between policy ambitions and practical restrictions

This paper describes the background and the rationale of the European Union for pursuing liberali... more This paper describes the background and the rationale of the European Union for pursuing liberalised energy markets, explains why this policy goal is not achieved yet, and discusses recent developments and some of the future challenges faced by political decision makers. Five years after launching the process of electricity liberalisation, dominance of large utilities, lack of international transmission capacity, and national energy policies hinder the creation of competitive energy markets in Europe. Consequently, the expected downward convergence of electricity prices for EU business and EU consumers has only partly been realised. Established utility companies still have a strong position on some national electricity markets. By means of (inter)national mergers, they increase their market shares at the European level. As a consequence, the price of electricity remains at a higher level than the costs of generating the electricity. In addition, producers lack strong incentives to d...

Research paper thumbnail of The Fiscal Implications of Climate Change and Its Policy Responses

Research paper thumbnail of Environmental Taxes and ETRs in Europe: The Current Situation and a Review of the Modelling Literature

Environmental Tax Reform (ETR), 2011

Research paper thumbnail of Impacts on competitiveness: what do we know from modeling?

Handbook of Research on Environmental Taxation, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluating environmental taxes: recent experiences and proposals for the future

Greening the Budget, 2002

Research paper thumbnail of Resource-efficient green economy and EU policies

Research paper thumbnail of Energy‐Intensive Industries: Approaches to Mitigation and Compensation

Carbon-Energy Taxation, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of Modelling an ETR for Europe

Research paper thumbnail of A future for carbon taxes

Ecological Economics, 2000

Carbon taxes have been frequently advocated as a cost-effective instrument for reducing emissions... more Carbon taxes have been frequently advocated as a cost-effective instrument for reducing emissions. However, in the practice of environmental policies, only six countries have implemented taxes based on the carbon content of the energy products. In this paper, we evaluate carbon taxes with regard to their competitiveness, distributional and environmental impacts. The evidence shows that carbon taxes may be an interesting policy option and that their main negative impacts may be compensated through the design of the tax and the use of the generated fiscal revenues.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of Neoclassical and Neo-Austrian Growth Models

This paper compares the one-sector neoclassical (Solow) growth model with a neo-Austrian growth m... more This paper compares the one-sector neoclassical (Solow) growth model with a neo-Austrian growth model. The solutions of the neoclassical growth model in terms of the golden rule of accumulation and the Ramsey rule are well known, and these conditions are compared with the outcomes of the neo-Austrian growth model, which we derive using a basic three-process model.

Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of Pollution and Energy Taxes across the European Income Distribution

This paper examines the likely immediate impact effect of some pollution taxes on the tax burden ... more This paper examines the likely immediate impact effect of some pollution taxes on the tax burden of households in a number of European countries. The total effect on households of such taxes is assessed using input-output analysis. Thus both the direct effect of taxes, through increased fuel prices, and the indirect effect, through increased prices of other goods, can be assessed simultaneously. This input-output approach allows the generation of direct plus indirect pollution intensities for all household consumption categories, for, in principle, a number of pollutants (CO2, SO2, NOx, particulates). These intensities could then be used to assess the impact on households of pollution taxes. This paper concentrates on CO2 and energy, performing a static analysis of the effect of a tax on the carbon or energy content of goods using the known consumption patterns for the various countries, both in aggregate and for different income groups. This allows a first assessment of the regress...

Research paper thumbnail of The distributional effects of carbon and energy taxes: the cases of France, Spain, Italy, Germany and UK

This paper examines the likely immediate impact effect of some pollution taxes on the tax burden ... more This paper examines the likely immediate impact effect of some pollution taxes on the tax burden of households in a number of European countries. The total effect on households of such taxes is assessed using input–output analysis. Thus both the direct effect of taxes, through increased fuel prices, and the indirect effect, through increased prices of other goods, can be assessed simultaneously. This input–output approach allows the generation of direct plus indirect pollution intensities for all household consumption categories, for, in principle, a number of pollutants (CO2, SO2, NOx, particulates). These intensities could then be used to assess the impact on households of pollution taxes. This paper concentrates on CO2 and energy, performing a static analysis of the effect of a tax on the carbon or energy content of goods using the known consumption patterns for the various countries, both in aggregate and for different income groups. This allows a first assessment of the regress...

Research paper thumbnail of The lifetime pollution implications of various types of electricity generation. An input-output analysis

Energy Policy, 1996

ELSEVIER Fnergy Policy. Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 229237. 1996 Copyright 0 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd Pr... more ELSEVIER Fnergy Policy. Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 229237. 1996 Copyright 0 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd Printed in Great Britain. All rights reserved 03014215 96 15.00 + 0.00 03014215(95)001549 The lifetime pollution implications of various types of electricity generation An inputoutput ...

Research paper thumbnail of Environmental Tax Reform in Europe: Energy Tax Rates and Competitiveness

In Chalifour N and Milne J and Ashiabor H and Deketelaere K and Kreiser L Critical Issues in Environmental Taxation Oxford University Press Oxford, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Towards a green economy in Europe. EU environmental policy targets and objectives 2010–2050

Research paper thumbnail of A Neo-Austrian Five Process Model with Resource extraction and Pollution Abatement

This paper describes a neo-Austrian approach to analyse long-run economy-environment interactions... more This paper describes a neo-Austrian approach to analyse long-run economy-environment interactions. The modelling framework incorporates resource use and pollution as integral components of production processes. We start our study by reviewing the neo-Austrian capital theoretic approach. A neo-Austrian model is developed and presented in input-output form, and the corresponding accounting prices are derived by using this representation. An intertemporal simulation approach is embodied by establishing the optimization of an intertemporal social welfare function. Results from the optimization approach are discussed and also discount rate variations are assessed in terms of their effects on the model economy.

Research paper thumbnail of Environmental Tax Reform (ETR): A Policy for Green Growth

Research paper thumbnail of GFC briefing paper 7: competitiveness and environmental tax reform

Research paper thumbnail of The Design of Carbon and Broad-Based Energy Taxes in European Countries

Vermont Journal of Environmental Law, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of The fiscal implications of climate change and policy responses

Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies For Global Change, 2014

ABSTRACT This paper is concerned with the implications of climate change, and government policies... more ABSTRACT This paper is concerned with the implications of climate change, and government policies to address it, for countries’ fiscal systems at the national level. Given the uncertainties associated with climate change and countries’ responses to it, the article can do no more than review and suggest some of the major issues of likely importance for fiscal sustainability and how they might be addressed. First the paper defines fiscal sustainability and addresses some general issues related to countries’ attempts to adapt to or mitigate climate change. It then works through a number of more specific issues, discussing policies such as the implementation of environmental taxes or other instruments for the mitigation of climate change. The assessment of the impacts of such policies on fiscal sustainability requires the application of sophisticated economic models, and the paper briefly explores the relative advantages of different modeling approaches in relation to the assessment of fiscal sustainability under policies to mitigate climate change. The major research need identified by the paper is for the development of macroeconomic models that will enable countries identify the wider effects of environmental taxes and help them undertake multi-year budgeting processes.

Research paper thumbnail of Competition on European Energy Markets: Between policy ambitions and practical restrictions

This paper describes the background and the rationale of the European Union for pursuing liberali... more This paper describes the background and the rationale of the European Union for pursuing liberalised energy markets, explains why this policy goal is not achieved yet, and discusses recent developments and some of the future challenges faced by political decision makers. Five years after launching the process of electricity liberalisation, dominance of large utilities, lack of international transmission capacity, and national energy policies hinder the creation of competitive energy markets in Europe. Consequently, the expected downward convergence of electricity prices for EU business and EU consumers has only partly been realised. Established utility companies still have a strong position on some national electricity markets. By means of (inter)national mergers, they increase their market shares at the European level. As a consequence, the price of electricity remains at a higher level than the costs of generating the electricity. In addition, producers lack strong incentives to d...

Research paper thumbnail of The Fiscal Implications of Climate Change and Its Policy Responses

Research paper thumbnail of Environmental Taxes and ETRs in Europe: The Current Situation and a Review of the Modelling Literature

Environmental Tax Reform (ETR), 2011

Research paper thumbnail of Impacts on competitiveness: what do we know from modeling?

Handbook of Research on Environmental Taxation, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluating environmental taxes: recent experiences and proposals for the future

Greening the Budget, 2002

Research paper thumbnail of Resource-efficient green economy and EU policies

Research paper thumbnail of Energy‐Intensive Industries: Approaches to Mitigation and Compensation

Carbon-Energy Taxation, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of Modelling an ETR for Europe