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Papers by Srikala Bhandary

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science

In Asian nations, the spice curcuma longa (often known as turmeric) is utilised in traditional me... more In Asian nations, the spice curcuma longa (often known as turmeric) is utilised in traditional medicine. Curcumin, which is the most active component, has a lot of therapeutic potential. Turmeric, a rhizome of the Curcuma longa plant, is a more palatable and practical alternative for the average person. It has been proven to have hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiseptic, antibacterial, and antimutagenic effects. These characteristics make it highly valuable in dentistry, particularly for the treatment of periodontal disease and oral cancer. It aids in the local delivery of medication when used in the gel form. Additionally, it can be utilised in various mouthwash formulations, subgingival irrigants, and pit and fissure sealants. This article looks at its medical uses in dentistry. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.22 (Special Issue) 2023 p.67-71

journal of orthodontic science

Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU

Introduction This article reviews the literature on the role of genetic markers in the initiation... more Introduction This article reviews the literature on the role of genetic markers in the initiation and progression of dental caries and provides a modern understanding of the disease etiology. Dental caries is a complex, chronic, multifactorial disease which is influenced by genetic, environmental, and social factors. Identification of genetic risk factors will help screen and identify susceptible patients to better understand the contribution of genes in caries etiopathogenesis to formulate various diagnostic and novel therapeutic approaches in the management of the disease. Materials and Methods Innovations and ideas were retrieved based on the literature in journals and textbooks indexed in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science database. The theories obtained are then summarized into a continuous series; thus, readers can more easily understand the ideas and innovations offered. Results Through interactions of the involved gene products, genetic markers have been cons...

Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University

Cumhuriyet Dental Journal

Background: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a pathologic condition of multifactorial nature. The ... more Background: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a pathologic condition of multifactorial nature. The diagnosis of the same has been limited to clinical and radiographic aids with very little significance to assess its inflammatory component. objectives: The present study aims to evaluate the role of leptin, an adipocytokine as a non-invasive inflammatory biomarker in ECC. Materials and Method: A total of 60 children between the age of (3-5) years were selected for the study. The study subjects were divided into three groups of 20 each including Group 1 as control, Group 2 with mild to moderate ECC and Group 3 with severe ECC. Saliva samples were taken from all subjects and collected again after 2 months following rehabilitative intervention. Levels of salivary leptin were determined using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: Levels of salivary leptin were significantly associated with severity of dental caries. The intragroup comparisons of pre and post treatment levels o...

International journal of health sciences

Background: Ameloblastoma is an aggressive odontogenic tumor that is often asymptomatic and slow-... more Background: Ameloblastoma is an aggressive odontogenic tumor that is often asymptomatic and slow-growing. Although it is benign in nature, due to its invasive characters and tendency to recur it is considered as a localized malignant tumour. Procedure: This is a retrospective study that involves 87 confirmed cases of ameloblastoma over 10 years. The case records and biopsy reports were retrieved from the archives of the Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, A B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences. Results and conclusion: The results revealed that age group between 26-50 years (49.4%) were affected the most, and had a male predilection (58.6%) and maximum involvement of jaw was mandible (88.5%), site involvement was the body of the mandible (52.9%), the radiographic feature was the multicystic type (56.3%), the histopathological variant was follicular (33.3%) and out of the total number of cases analysed 9 cases had recurrence (10.3%). Clinical ...

Journal of Oral Health and Oral Epidemiology, Jul 2, 2018

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Even though hemangiomas are prevalent tumors in the region of head and neck, ... more BACKGROUND AND AIM: Even though hemangiomas are prevalent tumors in the region of head and neck, they are comparatively rare inside the mouth and less frequently detected by dental professionals. Therefore, the aim of this case report is to present such a rare variation of hemangioma manifested within the substance of the masseter muscle. CASE REPORT: We report a unique case of intramuscular hemangioma of masseter muscle in a 26-year-old woman complained of growth and swelling in the right cheek since 6-8 months before. The growth was surgical excised and diagnosed histopathologically as intramuscular mixed capillary with cavernous hemangioma. CONCLUSION: Hemangiomas are rarely seen intramuscularly. This case presents an intramuscular hemangioma occurring within the masseter muscle. Early detection and management is required in order to avoid the potential complications associated with it.

Gulhane Medical Journal, 2022

Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 2020

Introduction: Surgical lasers have been used in periodontal therapy. The anti-pain mechanism of l... more Introduction: Surgical lasers have been used in periodontal therapy. The anti-pain mechanism of lowlevel laser is not yet clear however, numerous studies have pointed out the physiological changes from light interference with various cells as the cause. Low-level laser can also modify the inflammatory process in a dose-related mechanism; and thus, it can reduce the inflammatory pain. 2 Methodology: A sample of 10 systemically healthy subjects aged 30-60 years diagnosed with chronic periodontitis having a probing pocket depth ≥5mm and clinical attachment loss ≥4mm bilaterally in the region of the maxillary first premolar, second premolar and first molar were recruited from the outpatient , Department of Periodontics, A.B.Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences. The subjects were blinded as to which surgical site received the laser therapy following conventional periodontal flap surgery (Test Group). The subjects were recalled one week after scaling and root planing for the periodontal flap surgery. At the baseline visit, the contralateral surgical sites were randomly assigned to the control group or the test groups using a coin-flip. In the test group, following the removal of soft deposits through scaling and root planing, the laser probe of 0.8W CW diode was used in a light contact, sweeping mode to cover the entire inner surface of the flap. Ablation was carried out from base of the flap to its coronal portion. Results-Median pain score did not differ significantly between the test and the control at 0 day, 1day , 2day and 5 day (P>0.05) ,day7 (P=0.087). Friedman test showed overall there was significant difference in pain score from o day to day7test. Pain score differs significantly from day 0 to day7 (P<0.05), day1 to day7 (P<0.05), day2 to day7 (P<0.05) except day5 to day7 (P>0.05) within test group. Conclusion-Lasers currently have a variety of uses in dentistry, although low-level lasers have been found beneficial in reducing the pain response after periodontal surgery in present study, but studies with larger sample are required to see significant association.

World Journal of Dentistry, 2020

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) among children with visual im... more Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) among children with visual impairment in residential schools of Bengaluru, Karnataka, and the dental perceptions of parents/caregivers on its management. Materials and methods: Two-hundred and twenty-one children with visual impairments within 8-14 years of age were randomly selected from three schools for the visually impaired in Bengaluru, Karnataka, and were examined clinically. Dental perspectives of the parents/care providers of these children with tooth fractures were conducted through a brief, unstructured, and an informal in-depth interview. Results: 36 among the 221 children had characteristic TDIs. Crowding, spacing, and diastema were observed in only 1 child (2.78%) and increased overjet was observed in 23 children (63.89%). 23 (63.89%) children had class I and 13 (36.11%) had class II malocclusions, respectively. The most affected teeth by dental trauma were the maxillary incisors. 13 (36.11%) children had class I fractured teeth, 16 (44.44%) had class II, 5 (13.9%) had class III, and only 2 (5.56%) had class 1V type of fractured teeth. Of the 36 children who had dental fractures, 29 (80.55%) had fractured their teeth due to fall, 2 (5.56%) due to collision, and 5 (13.89%) did not know the cause for their fractured teeth. The parents and caregivers could not give an adequate dental history for their child's traumatized teeth; wherever they could, the parents and caregivers were not willing to provide prompt dental treatments, stating the child's blindness as a reason for their avoidance of dental treatments. Conclusion: In the present study, none of the children received any form of treatment for their fractured teeth and malocclusion. The parents and caregivers of the children were of the popular opinion that the dental treatments were not a priority since the child is visually impaired. Clinical significance: Adequate oral care specifications and preventive procedures are of prime concern which should be instituted early on, with the dental health professionals providing coaching to the school employees and the parents/care providers to encourage quality oral hygiene and guide them in gaining admittance to adequate and timely dental aid.

International Journal of Dentistry Research, Feb 1, 2017

The mucous escape reaction or Mucocele as it is called is a salivary gland lesion of traumatic or... more The mucous escape reaction or Mucocele as it is called is a salivary gland lesion of traumatic origin which is formed when the main duct of a minor salivary gland is torn with subsequent extravasation of the mucus into the fibrous connective tissue. In due course a cyst like cavity is produced which is filled with mucin. This lesion is described by number of names including mucus retention phenomena or mucus retention cyst, and Ranula. Common site of occurrence of Mucocele is said to be lower lip, followed by the floor of mouth and buccal mucosa. The treatment of mucocele must be planned in such a way , taking into consideration the various clinical parameters and any oral habits that are probable as these lesions have a propensity of recurrence. This paper gives an insight into the phenomenon, clinical characteristics along with histopathology features, and clinical management of mucocele. More over it is essential for a dentist to visually recognize oral lesions such as mucocele and be aware of functional problems associated with such an entity in daily clinical practice.

International Journal of Dentistry Research, Jun 1, 2017

Background: Among various essential factors given for establishing the identity of the person, ag... more Background: Among various essential factors given for establishing the identity of the person, age is of utmost importance. Age estimation is a process of particular interest adopted by Anthropologist, Archaeologists & Forensic scientists in order to identify a person who is dead/missing/living. Various studies and techniques have been documented for age estimation, each one demonstrating various degrees of accuracy, reliability & precision. Among various methods of age estimation, teeth arefrequently used for the same as they may be preserved for a longertime evenafter all other tissues have disintegrated. Aim: This study aims to present a method for assessing the chronological age of an individual bycorrelating the relationship between age and pulp /tooth lengthRatio inmandibular canine. Materials and Methods: In the present study, 60 extracted permanent mandibular canines were included from individuals with known age (between the age group of 15-70 yrs) and sex. The sample were subdivided into 6 groups based on the age of the individual with 10 samples in each group. The measurement was done by unsectioned method to measure the pulp toothlength ratio, Maximum tooth length was measured with a pair of digital Vernier Caliper and Maximum pulp length by endodontic K-file. Data obtained was tabulated and statistically analyzed using One-way ANOVA test for continuous variables and unpaired t test for categorical variables. Results: There was significant difference for all the study variableslike (pulp: tooth length ratio) across different age groups. However, there was no significant difference in the study variables between the genders. A gradual reduction in pulp size was observed with respect to total pulp length and cervical pulp width with an increase in age and this showed a significant correlation with the chronological age. Conclusion: Dental age prediction is useful in routine and mass fatalities as teeth can be preserved for a long time. The results and observations obtained from the present study indicate that with advancing age, the length of the dental pulp chamber decreases vertically as well as horizontally as a result of secondary dentin deposition. However, these variables could not differentiate between the genders. Thus, assessment of pulp/tooth length ratio on mandibular canine using odontometric procedure manually without any sophisticated instruments canbe used as an alternative method to estimate the nearest chronological age with reasonable accuracy when radiographs are not available .

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2019

BACKGROUND Oral liquid medications (syrups) are widely prescribed in children for better complian... more BACKGROUND Oral liquid medications (syrups) are widely prescribed in children for better compliance. But, certain inactive agents that are added in paediatric liquid medications can injure the dental tissues and when used routinely over long time, it can make patients more susceptible to dental caries and dental erosion. Consumption during bedtime, low pH, high viscosity, increased frequency of consumption, reduction in salivary flow and excessive sugar content lead to cariogenic and erosive potential of these drugs. We wanted to assess the perceptions of a group of paediatricians about the use of sweetened paediatric liquid medications and their erosive and cariogenic potentials. METHODS The study (questionnaire survey) was carried out in Mangalore. It included paediatricians from different health services, private and government hospitals, and private clinics. Questionnaires were given and collected the same day. RESULTS 40 (44%) paediatricians revealed considerable awareness regarding the association between the paediatric medicines and dental decay, which was not observed for the association between paediatric medicines and dental erosion which was only 17 (18.7%). CONCLUSIONS There is a need to create awareness amongst these professionals to ensure and encourage practicing of oral hygiene instructions for their paediatric patients, postusage of sucrose containing drugs, because majority of the paediatricians recognized the positive association between sucrose containing liquid medication and dental caries. An added training should be given to these professionals to motivate their patients to follow oral hygiene instructions after consumption of sweetened liquid medications.

Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU

Introduction Caries initiation is associated with demineralization of the subsurface tooth enamel... more Introduction Caries initiation is associated with demineralization of the subsurface tooth enamel. Today, bioactive agents based on milk products have been developed to enhance remineralization under cariogenic conditions. However, there is limited information on the remineralization potential of milk. Materials and Methods Fifty enamel specimens were prepared from sound human premolars. All enamel specimens were then placed in demineralizing solution for 4 days at 37°C to produce artificial carious lesion. Baseline surface microhardness (SMH) was evaluated using Vickers indenter. Enamel specimens were then randomly divided into three groups. Group 1 specimens were kept in artificial saliva, whereas group 2 and 3 enamel specimens were treated with milk and GC tooth mousse, respectively, for 5 minutes twice daily for 21 days. Post-treatment SMH measurements of all specimens were evaluated on the 7th, 14th, and 21st day. Data was statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of varian...

Biomedicine

The most prevalent type of odontogenic tumours are odontomas, which are typically asymptomatic. T... more The most prevalent type of odontogenic tumours are odontomas, which are typically asymptomatic. This study describes three cases of compound odontomas identified in children as a result of dislodgement or over-retention of primary anterior teeth and/or swelling of the cortical bone. In each of these situations, the lesions were surgically excised. The outcomes obtained show that an early detection of odontomas enables the use of a less expensive and complex treatment and ensures a better prognosis. This article provides in-depth information on the categorization, prevalence, diagnosis, treatment, and epidemiology of odontomas, which interfere with the patterns of tooth eruption and shedding as well as overall occlusion.

World Journal of Dentistry, 2021

Aim and objective: To develop experimental mouthwash, cocoa extract added with honey and assessed... more Aim and objective: To develop experimental mouthwash, cocoa extract added with honey and assessed antiplaque and antimicrobial activities. Materials and methods: A mouthwash was formulated from aqueous extracts of cocoa and honey. Sixty children aged 9-13 years participated in the study and were equally divided into two groups. Group I children were asked to rinse with 10 mL of cocoa with honey mouthwash and group II with 0.2% of chlorhexidine mouthwash for 21 days. Gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), Streptococcus mutans (SM), and Lactobacilli (LB) counts were assessed of both groups at baseline, 14th day, and 21st day. Data were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Significant decreases in both gingival and plaque indices from baseline to 14th day and further up to 21st day (p < 0.001) were seen in both groups. The microbiological analysis revealed a significant reduction of SM and LB counts in both groups from baseline up to 21st day. However, no statistically significant differences were seen in percentage reductions of SM and LB counts between the two groups. When subjective and objective criteria were assessed, the majority of the children found the experimental mouthwash acceptable in taste and free of side effects. Conclusion: Cocoa mouthwash with honey demonstrated effective antiplaque, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties comparable with 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate. Clinical significance: Cost-effective and easily available herbs as an adjuvant to oral hygiene maintenance may have a far-reaching effect on the prevention as well as the prevalence of oral diseases. Our study indicated that cocoa with honey mouthwash can be used as a suitable alternative to chlorhexidine mouthwash in children, as an adjunct in their regular oral hygiene maintenance.

Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU, 2021

Objective The aim of this narrative review is to highlight the association of ineffective feeding... more Objective The aim of this narrative review is to highlight the association of ineffective feeding practices with the development of malocclusion in children and the role of a pediatric dentist in identifying the cues and signs of improper feeds, and encourage effective breastfeeding practices. Introduction There has been an ongoing debate on the role of effective breastfeeding in the prevention of malocclusion. Although no specific claim supports the positive impact of the same, a detailed reviewing of the literature helps to identify the method of feeding to be chosen considering health benefits and personal preference. Materials and Methods A broad search of all resources linked to the topic was performed in PubMed, Medline, World Health Organization web site, government web sites, and Google Scholar search engine. Keywords used in the search included breastfeeding, ineffective breastfeeding, bottle feeding, pacifier, and malocclusion. A total of 60 articles published in the perio...

The Journal of clinical pediatric dentistry, 2012

To assess the awareness of care providers of visually impaired children regarding their oral hygi... more To assess the awareness of care providers of visually impaired children regarding their oral hygiene. A simple pre-structured questionnaire was given to the care providers and the awareness regarding their oral health was assessed. There was a general lack of awareness among the care providers of these children regarding dental diseases and its prevention. Furthermore, the importance of oral hygiene was found to be very low. The results obtained showed that most of the caretakers were unaware of the difficulties faced by these children in the maintenance of their oral health.

Journal of …, 2010

Oral health is an important aspect of health for all children, and is all the more important for ... more Oral health is an important aspect of health for all children, and is all the more important for children with special health needs. The oral health of children who are visually impaired can be disadvantaged, since they are often unable to adequately apply the techniques ...

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science

In Asian nations, the spice curcuma longa (often known as turmeric) is utilised in traditional me... more In Asian nations, the spice curcuma longa (often known as turmeric) is utilised in traditional medicine. Curcumin, which is the most active component, has a lot of therapeutic potential. Turmeric, a rhizome of the Curcuma longa plant, is a more palatable and practical alternative for the average person. It has been proven to have hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiseptic, antibacterial, and antimutagenic effects. These characteristics make it highly valuable in dentistry, particularly for the treatment of periodontal disease and oral cancer. It aids in the local delivery of medication when used in the gel form. Additionally, it can be utilised in various mouthwash formulations, subgingival irrigants, and pit and fissure sealants. This article looks at its medical uses in dentistry. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.22 (Special Issue) 2023 p.67-71

journal of orthodontic science

Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU

Introduction This article reviews the literature on the role of genetic markers in the initiation... more Introduction This article reviews the literature on the role of genetic markers in the initiation and progression of dental caries and provides a modern understanding of the disease etiology. Dental caries is a complex, chronic, multifactorial disease which is influenced by genetic, environmental, and social factors. Identification of genetic risk factors will help screen and identify susceptible patients to better understand the contribution of genes in caries etiopathogenesis to formulate various diagnostic and novel therapeutic approaches in the management of the disease. Materials and Methods Innovations and ideas were retrieved based on the literature in journals and textbooks indexed in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science database. The theories obtained are then summarized into a continuous series; thus, readers can more easily understand the ideas and innovations offered. Results Through interactions of the involved gene products, genetic markers have been cons...

Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University

Cumhuriyet Dental Journal

Background: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a pathologic condition of multifactorial nature. The ... more Background: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a pathologic condition of multifactorial nature. The diagnosis of the same has been limited to clinical and radiographic aids with very little significance to assess its inflammatory component. objectives: The present study aims to evaluate the role of leptin, an adipocytokine as a non-invasive inflammatory biomarker in ECC. Materials and Method: A total of 60 children between the age of (3-5) years were selected for the study. The study subjects were divided into three groups of 20 each including Group 1 as control, Group 2 with mild to moderate ECC and Group 3 with severe ECC. Saliva samples were taken from all subjects and collected again after 2 months following rehabilitative intervention. Levels of salivary leptin were determined using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: Levels of salivary leptin were significantly associated with severity of dental caries. The intragroup comparisons of pre and post treatment levels o...

International journal of health sciences

Background: Ameloblastoma is an aggressive odontogenic tumor that is often asymptomatic and slow-... more Background: Ameloblastoma is an aggressive odontogenic tumor that is often asymptomatic and slow-growing. Although it is benign in nature, due to its invasive characters and tendency to recur it is considered as a localized malignant tumour. Procedure: This is a retrospective study that involves 87 confirmed cases of ameloblastoma over 10 years. The case records and biopsy reports were retrieved from the archives of the Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, A B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences. Results and conclusion: The results revealed that age group between 26-50 years (49.4%) were affected the most, and had a male predilection (58.6%) and maximum involvement of jaw was mandible (88.5%), site involvement was the body of the mandible (52.9%), the radiographic feature was the multicystic type (56.3%), the histopathological variant was follicular (33.3%) and out of the total number of cases analysed 9 cases had recurrence (10.3%). Clinical ...

Journal of Oral Health and Oral Epidemiology, Jul 2, 2018

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Even though hemangiomas are prevalent tumors in the region of head and neck, ... more BACKGROUND AND AIM: Even though hemangiomas are prevalent tumors in the region of head and neck, they are comparatively rare inside the mouth and less frequently detected by dental professionals. Therefore, the aim of this case report is to present such a rare variation of hemangioma manifested within the substance of the masseter muscle. CASE REPORT: We report a unique case of intramuscular hemangioma of masseter muscle in a 26-year-old woman complained of growth and swelling in the right cheek since 6-8 months before. The growth was surgical excised and diagnosed histopathologically as intramuscular mixed capillary with cavernous hemangioma. CONCLUSION: Hemangiomas are rarely seen intramuscularly. This case presents an intramuscular hemangioma occurring within the masseter muscle. Early detection and management is required in order to avoid the potential complications associated with it.

Gulhane Medical Journal, 2022

Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 2020

Introduction: Surgical lasers have been used in periodontal therapy. The anti-pain mechanism of l... more Introduction: Surgical lasers have been used in periodontal therapy. The anti-pain mechanism of lowlevel laser is not yet clear however, numerous studies have pointed out the physiological changes from light interference with various cells as the cause. Low-level laser can also modify the inflammatory process in a dose-related mechanism; and thus, it can reduce the inflammatory pain. 2 Methodology: A sample of 10 systemically healthy subjects aged 30-60 years diagnosed with chronic periodontitis having a probing pocket depth ≥5mm and clinical attachment loss ≥4mm bilaterally in the region of the maxillary first premolar, second premolar and first molar were recruited from the outpatient , Department of Periodontics, A.B.Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences. The subjects were blinded as to which surgical site received the laser therapy following conventional periodontal flap surgery (Test Group). The subjects were recalled one week after scaling and root planing for the periodontal flap surgery. At the baseline visit, the contralateral surgical sites were randomly assigned to the control group or the test groups using a coin-flip. In the test group, following the removal of soft deposits through scaling and root planing, the laser probe of 0.8W CW diode was used in a light contact, sweeping mode to cover the entire inner surface of the flap. Ablation was carried out from base of the flap to its coronal portion. Results-Median pain score did not differ significantly between the test and the control at 0 day, 1day , 2day and 5 day (P>0.05) ,day7 (P=0.087). Friedman test showed overall there was significant difference in pain score from o day to day7test. Pain score differs significantly from day 0 to day7 (P<0.05), day1 to day7 (P<0.05), day2 to day7 (P<0.05) except day5 to day7 (P>0.05) within test group. Conclusion-Lasers currently have a variety of uses in dentistry, although low-level lasers have been found beneficial in reducing the pain response after periodontal surgery in present study, but studies with larger sample are required to see significant association.

World Journal of Dentistry, 2020

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) among children with visual im... more Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) among children with visual impairment in residential schools of Bengaluru, Karnataka, and the dental perceptions of parents/caregivers on its management. Materials and methods: Two-hundred and twenty-one children with visual impairments within 8-14 years of age were randomly selected from three schools for the visually impaired in Bengaluru, Karnataka, and were examined clinically. Dental perspectives of the parents/care providers of these children with tooth fractures were conducted through a brief, unstructured, and an informal in-depth interview. Results: 36 among the 221 children had characteristic TDIs. Crowding, spacing, and diastema were observed in only 1 child (2.78%) and increased overjet was observed in 23 children (63.89%). 23 (63.89%) children had class I and 13 (36.11%) had class II malocclusions, respectively. The most affected teeth by dental trauma were the maxillary incisors. 13 (36.11%) children had class I fractured teeth, 16 (44.44%) had class II, 5 (13.9%) had class III, and only 2 (5.56%) had class 1V type of fractured teeth. Of the 36 children who had dental fractures, 29 (80.55%) had fractured their teeth due to fall, 2 (5.56%) due to collision, and 5 (13.89%) did not know the cause for their fractured teeth. The parents and caregivers could not give an adequate dental history for their child's traumatized teeth; wherever they could, the parents and caregivers were not willing to provide prompt dental treatments, stating the child's blindness as a reason for their avoidance of dental treatments. Conclusion: In the present study, none of the children received any form of treatment for their fractured teeth and malocclusion. The parents and caregivers of the children were of the popular opinion that the dental treatments were not a priority since the child is visually impaired. Clinical significance: Adequate oral care specifications and preventive procedures are of prime concern which should be instituted early on, with the dental health professionals providing coaching to the school employees and the parents/care providers to encourage quality oral hygiene and guide them in gaining admittance to adequate and timely dental aid.

International Journal of Dentistry Research, Feb 1, 2017

The mucous escape reaction or Mucocele as it is called is a salivary gland lesion of traumatic or... more The mucous escape reaction or Mucocele as it is called is a salivary gland lesion of traumatic origin which is formed when the main duct of a minor salivary gland is torn with subsequent extravasation of the mucus into the fibrous connective tissue. In due course a cyst like cavity is produced which is filled with mucin. This lesion is described by number of names including mucus retention phenomena or mucus retention cyst, and Ranula. Common site of occurrence of Mucocele is said to be lower lip, followed by the floor of mouth and buccal mucosa. The treatment of mucocele must be planned in such a way , taking into consideration the various clinical parameters and any oral habits that are probable as these lesions have a propensity of recurrence. This paper gives an insight into the phenomenon, clinical characteristics along with histopathology features, and clinical management of mucocele. More over it is essential for a dentist to visually recognize oral lesions such as mucocele and be aware of functional problems associated with such an entity in daily clinical practice.

International Journal of Dentistry Research, Jun 1, 2017

Background: Among various essential factors given for establishing the identity of the person, ag... more Background: Among various essential factors given for establishing the identity of the person, age is of utmost importance. Age estimation is a process of particular interest adopted by Anthropologist, Archaeologists & Forensic scientists in order to identify a person who is dead/missing/living. Various studies and techniques have been documented for age estimation, each one demonstrating various degrees of accuracy, reliability & precision. Among various methods of age estimation, teeth arefrequently used for the same as they may be preserved for a longertime evenafter all other tissues have disintegrated. Aim: This study aims to present a method for assessing the chronological age of an individual bycorrelating the relationship between age and pulp /tooth lengthRatio inmandibular canine. Materials and Methods: In the present study, 60 extracted permanent mandibular canines were included from individuals with known age (between the age group of 15-70 yrs) and sex. The sample were subdivided into 6 groups based on the age of the individual with 10 samples in each group. The measurement was done by unsectioned method to measure the pulp toothlength ratio, Maximum tooth length was measured with a pair of digital Vernier Caliper and Maximum pulp length by endodontic K-file. Data obtained was tabulated and statistically analyzed using One-way ANOVA test for continuous variables and unpaired t test for categorical variables. Results: There was significant difference for all the study variableslike (pulp: tooth length ratio) across different age groups. However, there was no significant difference in the study variables between the genders. A gradual reduction in pulp size was observed with respect to total pulp length and cervical pulp width with an increase in age and this showed a significant correlation with the chronological age. Conclusion: Dental age prediction is useful in routine and mass fatalities as teeth can be preserved for a long time. The results and observations obtained from the present study indicate that with advancing age, the length of the dental pulp chamber decreases vertically as well as horizontally as a result of secondary dentin deposition. However, these variables could not differentiate between the genders. Thus, assessment of pulp/tooth length ratio on mandibular canine using odontometric procedure manually without any sophisticated instruments canbe used as an alternative method to estimate the nearest chronological age with reasonable accuracy when radiographs are not available .

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2019

BACKGROUND Oral liquid medications (syrups) are widely prescribed in children for better complian... more BACKGROUND Oral liquid medications (syrups) are widely prescribed in children for better compliance. But, certain inactive agents that are added in paediatric liquid medications can injure the dental tissues and when used routinely over long time, it can make patients more susceptible to dental caries and dental erosion. Consumption during bedtime, low pH, high viscosity, increased frequency of consumption, reduction in salivary flow and excessive sugar content lead to cariogenic and erosive potential of these drugs. We wanted to assess the perceptions of a group of paediatricians about the use of sweetened paediatric liquid medications and their erosive and cariogenic potentials. METHODS The study (questionnaire survey) was carried out in Mangalore. It included paediatricians from different health services, private and government hospitals, and private clinics. Questionnaires were given and collected the same day. RESULTS 40 (44%) paediatricians revealed considerable awareness regarding the association between the paediatric medicines and dental decay, which was not observed for the association between paediatric medicines and dental erosion which was only 17 (18.7%). CONCLUSIONS There is a need to create awareness amongst these professionals to ensure and encourage practicing of oral hygiene instructions for their paediatric patients, postusage of sucrose containing drugs, because majority of the paediatricians recognized the positive association between sucrose containing liquid medication and dental caries. An added training should be given to these professionals to motivate their patients to follow oral hygiene instructions after consumption of sweetened liquid medications.

Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU

Introduction Caries initiation is associated with demineralization of the subsurface tooth enamel... more Introduction Caries initiation is associated with demineralization of the subsurface tooth enamel. Today, bioactive agents based on milk products have been developed to enhance remineralization under cariogenic conditions. However, there is limited information on the remineralization potential of milk. Materials and Methods Fifty enamel specimens were prepared from sound human premolars. All enamel specimens were then placed in demineralizing solution for 4 days at 37°C to produce artificial carious lesion. Baseline surface microhardness (SMH) was evaluated using Vickers indenter. Enamel specimens were then randomly divided into three groups. Group 1 specimens were kept in artificial saliva, whereas group 2 and 3 enamel specimens were treated with milk and GC tooth mousse, respectively, for 5 minutes twice daily for 21 days. Post-treatment SMH measurements of all specimens were evaluated on the 7th, 14th, and 21st day. Data was statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of varian...

Biomedicine

The most prevalent type of odontogenic tumours are odontomas, which are typically asymptomatic. T... more The most prevalent type of odontogenic tumours are odontomas, which are typically asymptomatic. This study describes three cases of compound odontomas identified in children as a result of dislodgement or over-retention of primary anterior teeth and/or swelling of the cortical bone. In each of these situations, the lesions were surgically excised. The outcomes obtained show that an early detection of odontomas enables the use of a less expensive and complex treatment and ensures a better prognosis. This article provides in-depth information on the categorization, prevalence, diagnosis, treatment, and epidemiology of odontomas, which interfere with the patterns of tooth eruption and shedding as well as overall occlusion.

World Journal of Dentistry, 2021

Aim and objective: To develop experimental mouthwash, cocoa extract added with honey and assessed... more Aim and objective: To develop experimental mouthwash, cocoa extract added with honey and assessed antiplaque and antimicrobial activities. Materials and methods: A mouthwash was formulated from aqueous extracts of cocoa and honey. Sixty children aged 9-13 years participated in the study and were equally divided into two groups. Group I children were asked to rinse with 10 mL of cocoa with honey mouthwash and group II with 0.2% of chlorhexidine mouthwash for 21 days. Gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), Streptococcus mutans (SM), and Lactobacilli (LB) counts were assessed of both groups at baseline, 14th day, and 21st day. Data were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Significant decreases in both gingival and plaque indices from baseline to 14th day and further up to 21st day (p < 0.001) were seen in both groups. The microbiological analysis revealed a significant reduction of SM and LB counts in both groups from baseline up to 21st day. However, no statistically significant differences were seen in percentage reductions of SM and LB counts between the two groups. When subjective and objective criteria were assessed, the majority of the children found the experimental mouthwash acceptable in taste and free of side effects. Conclusion: Cocoa mouthwash with honey demonstrated effective antiplaque, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties comparable with 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate. Clinical significance: Cost-effective and easily available herbs as an adjuvant to oral hygiene maintenance may have a far-reaching effect on the prevention as well as the prevalence of oral diseases. Our study indicated that cocoa with honey mouthwash can be used as a suitable alternative to chlorhexidine mouthwash in children, as an adjunct in their regular oral hygiene maintenance.

Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU, 2021

Objective The aim of this narrative review is to highlight the association of ineffective feeding... more Objective The aim of this narrative review is to highlight the association of ineffective feeding practices with the development of malocclusion in children and the role of a pediatric dentist in identifying the cues and signs of improper feeds, and encourage effective breastfeeding practices. Introduction There has been an ongoing debate on the role of effective breastfeeding in the prevention of malocclusion. Although no specific claim supports the positive impact of the same, a detailed reviewing of the literature helps to identify the method of feeding to be chosen considering health benefits and personal preference. Materials and Methods A broad search of all resources linked to the topic was performed in PubMed, Medline, World Health Organization web site, government web sites, and Google Scholar search engine. Keywords used in the search included breastfeeding, ineffective breastfeeding, bottle feeding, pacifier, and malocclusion. A total of 60 articles published in the perio...

The Journal of clinical pediatric dentistry, 2012

To assess the awareness of care providers of visually impaired children regarding their oral hygi... more To assess the awareness of care providers of visually impaired children regarding their oral hygiene. A simple pre-structured questionnaire was given to the care providers and the awareness regarding their oral health was assessed. There was a general lack of awareness among the care providers of these children regarding dental diseases and its prevention. Furthermore, the importance of oral hygiene was found to be very low. The results obtained showed that most of the caretakers were unaware of the difficulties faced by these children in the maintenance of their oral health.

Journal of …, 2010

Oral health is an important aspect of health for all children, and is all the more important for ... more Oral health is an important aspect of health for all children, and is all the more important for children with special health needs. The oral health of children who are visually impaired can be disadvantaged, since they are often unable to adequately apply the techniques ...