Stanisalv Kirschbaum - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Stanisalv Kirschbaum

Études internationales, 1989

Tous droits réservés © Études internationales, 1989 Ce document est protégé par la loi sur le dro... more Tous droits réservés © Études internationales, 1989 Ce document est protégé par la loi sur le droit d'auteur. L'utilisation des services d'Érudit (y compris la reproduction) est assujettie à sa politique d'utilisation que vous pouvez consulter en ligne.

Shortly after Slovakia became independent in 1993, a study of its domestic politics in the first ... more Shortly after Slovakia became independent in 1993, a study of its domestic politics in the first two years of independence indicates that the British press, according to Adam Burgess, ‘cast [Slovakia] as a probable member of that unenviable club, “the East,” a demon which apparently throws a dark shadow over Europe proper as the continent makes its way into the next century’.1 After examining various issues that made the news in those two years, Burgess concludes: ‘It would appear then that British journalism on Slovakia has been hostage to an ideological agenda which is not the product of actual events within the country itself. The evidence does not suggest prejudice, but it would appear that events within Slovakia are interpreted through definite prisms.’2 Why was Slovakia portrayed in this way in the British press? Did Slovakia ever belong to the ‘East’? What are Slovakia’s historical roots? The purpose of this chapter is to answer these questions and also to contribute to the e...

... c'est l'Etoile polaire. c'est le Kolokol qui passeront clandestine... more ... c'est l'Etoile polaire. c'est le Kolokol qui passeront clandestine-ment en Russie et y seront lus « au plus haut niveau... ». Mais ce n'est pas tout. ... Page 18. Page 19. INTRODUCTION En 1917, l'historien français Ernest Denis publiait La question d'Autriche Les Slovaques ! ...

Introduction S.J.Kirschbaum PART I: WHENCE CENTRAL EUROPE? European Roots: The Case of Slovakia S... more Introduction S.J.Kirschbaum PART I: WHENCE CENTRAL EUROPE? European Roots: The Case of Slovakia S.J.Kirschbaum Federalism in Central Europe: Past and Present L.Francesco Toward an Open Society: Reflections on the 1989 Revolution O.Gruenwald PART II: THE LEGACY OF THE NATIONAL STATE St. Stephen's Cult in Modern Hungary J.Brandt The Quest for a Symbol: Wenceslas and the Czech State S.Samerski Moldavian Prince Stephen and Romania K.Zach The Invention of Modern Poland: Pilsudski and the Politics of Symbolism M.B.B.Biskupski An Ethnic Poland: A Failure of National Self-Determination J.J.Kulczycki PART III: THE CHALLENGES OF EU MEMBERSHIP Intellectual and Political "Europe": Rupture or Continuity in Central Europe? B.Alpan Euroscepticism L.Neumayer Europeanization and Gender Equality I.Roder Poland and the EU Constitutional Convention A.Schrijvers The EU and Interculturality in Croatia M.Krizan Conclusion S.J.Kirschbaum

Cooperative Movements in Eastern Europe

Canadian Slavonic Papers

Abstract/ResumeThe concept of opposition under communism is an analytical tool recently developed... more Abstract/ResumeThe concept of opposition under communism is an analytical tool recently developed to facilitate the understanding of political activity in a communist regime. Scholars like Ionescu, Skilling and Kusin have refined it to the point that case studies of its manifestations can be made. This article represents such an attempt. The case of the opposition of Slovak intellectuals illustrates, on the one hand, the dilemma a government faces when it refuses to accept change, and, on the other hand, the specific national problem the Slovaks pose in Czechoslovakia. After a brief examination of the role the regime expected the intellectuals to play in the building of a socialist society, the focus is on the writers’ congress of 1956 – the first manifestation of their opposition to Czechoslovakia’s Stalinist government. The regime’s response of maintaining Stalinism and attempting to further control the intellectuals brought about the renewal of opposition. This was spearheaded by Slovak intellectuals b...

Canadian Slavonic Papers

ABSTRACT Numerous Hungarian and Western scholars claim that Sister Margit Slachta of Hungary play... more ABSTRACT Numerous Hungarian and Western scholars claim that Sister Margit Slachta of Hungary played a role in halting the resumption of the deportation of Slovak Jews to Poland in March 1943. Slachta was known for her strong opposition to anti-Jewish measures in Hungary and was also asked by Slovak Jews to help them in Slovakia. This research note looks at this claim by examining the Vatican diplomatic archives to see whether a meeting Slachta had with Pope Pius XII played any role in Vatican diplomacy toward Slovakia, especially on the question of the resumption of the deportation of Slovak Jews. The author looks at the deportation process, which took place between March and October 1942 and which was to resume in March–April 1943. He examines Slachta’s trip to Rome in March 1943 to try and prevent the resumption of the deportations. She had an audience with Pope Pius XII, where she spoke to him about the plight of Slovak Jews. The Vatican’s diplomatic archives show that Slachta had no role in Vatican diplomacy toward Slovakia and that she also did not influence the decision taken by the Slovak authorities in April 1943 not to resume the deportations.

Canadian Slavonic Papers

... In addition, prominent Slovaks like Milan Hodza and Stefan Osusky did not initially recognize... more ... In addition, prominent Slovaks like Milan Hodza and Stefan Osusky did not initially recognize Benes&amp;amp;#x27; authority. ... 47. Osusky said of BeneS that &amp;amp;quot;in his soul Dr. Benes is a disguised Czech racist.&amp;amp;quot; StephenOsusky, Bene} and Slovakia (Middletown, Pa., 1943), p. 19. 48. ...

Regional Politics and Policy

Choice Reviews Online

The third edition of Historical Dictionary of Slovakia provides a thorough update of the many acc... more The third edition of Historical Dictionary of Slovakia provides a thorough update of the many accomplishments that Slovakia has achieved. This is done through a chronology, an introductory essay, and an extensive bibliography. The cross-referenced dictionary section has over 1000 entries on significant persons, places and events, political parties and institutions, literature, music and the arts. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Slovakia.

Canadian Slavonic Papers

The appearance of a new state on the international scene offers the historiography of the nation ... more The appearance of a new state on the international scene offers the historiography of the nation that created it opportunities for interpretation and explanation that are linked to the conditions, circumstances, institutions, and personalities that brought about its creation. It must, however, also take into account the various forces, historical or other, that are connected to it. These opportunities are offered not only to national historians but also to foreign scholars who study the nation; they are all the more challenging if their historiography has been hitherto influenced by specific exogenous and endogenous factors. Such is the case of Slovakia and the Slovaks when they were a constituent part of Czechoslovakia.1 As Stanley Z. Pech writes: "Although Western specialists in Eastern European history have usually regarded it as their task to make the West familiar with the entire ethnic panorama of the polyglot region, they have in practice often been selective in the favours they bestowed on each nation [...]. The history of the Slovaks in the West has usually been presented from the point of view of ' Czecho slovakism' and has appeared as hardly more than a postscript to Czech history.'To understand the importance of the challenge that Western scholars face, a few words about the meaning of "Czechoslovakism" are necessary. It was first and foremost a state ideology that also came to define an approach to historical scholarship and to the study of the new state that was created in 1918, when Austria-Hungary was dismembered and the Czechs of the Kingdom of Bohemia, of Moravia, and of Silesia (then in Austria) joined the Slovaks of Upper Hungary (as Slovakia was known in the Kingdom of Hungary). The new state also possessed sizeable German and Hungarian minorities. "Czechoslovakism" appeared after 1920, when Czecho- Slovakia became Czechoslovakia, signifying thereby the existence of a single nation, rather than two, and also defining the state as a national state. Its aim was to develop a Czechoslovak civic nationalism and was based on two premises: first, that the creation of the new state was an historical culmination arising out of the sporadic contacts and co-operation in the past between the two linguistically closely related nations; and second, that the smaller nation, the Slovaks, would freely and willingly accept the ultimate objective of the state's nationalism, namely the creation of the new nation, by agreeing to fuse, as the smaller, into the numerically larger one. But both premises were wrong. In the first place, Czecho- Slovakia was created because it was the solution to the application of the principle of self-determination for both nations when Austria-Hungary was broken up, to which historical contacts and linguistic similarities between them merely provided some justification; and secondly, because the Slovaks did not consider this application of the principle of self-determination as meaning the abandonment of their national identity, culture, and language, nor of their right one day to exercise that principle on their own.The fact that the Slovaks were little known in the West was one of the most important factors in the creation of Czechoslovakia. In addition, as A. J. P. Taylor writes: Ci [Tomas G.] Masaryk [Czech politician and first president of Czechoslovakia] revived the radical idea of 1848 [of one nation] and proposed to create a single 'Czechoslovak' nation by will-power. Masaryk knew little of the Slovaks; others knew even less. That was his strength in dealing with the allied leaders."4 His approach had support in the West, in particular among academics like Ernest Denis5 of France and journalists like Robert Seton- Watson of the United Kingdom. Czechoslovakia underwent thereafter a turbulent history. It was Central Europe's only democracy in the inter- war years; it became the target of German expansionism in the late 1930s; it was dismembered in 1939 with the German occupation of Bohemia-Moravia and a declaration of independence by Slovakia; it was re-created in 1945 only to succumb to a communist coup in 1948; it challenged Soviet ideology through a liberalization process in 1968 that was terminated by a military occupation by Warsaw Pact troops, but which also saw the federalization of the state; it abandoned communism and embraced democracy in 1 989 only to break up peacefully on 31 December 1992, creating on 1 January 1993 the Czech Republic and the Republic of Slovakia. …

Canadian Slavonic Papers

... 3 Stefan Polakoviö, Obnova národa duchom Stura (Bratislava, 1991) cité dans Robert B. Pynsent... more ... 3 Stefan Polakoviö, Obnova národa duchom Stura (Bratislava, 1991) cité dans Robert B. Pynsent, Questions of Identity: Czech and Slovak Ideas ... En 1722, un professeur de droit hongrois à l'Université de Trnava, Michal Bencsik (Bencik), publiait la première attaque contre leur ...

Études internationales

Tous droits réservés © Études internationales, 1975 Ce document est protégé par la loi sur le dro... more Tous droits réservés © Études internationales, 1975 Ce document est protégé par la loi sur le droit d'auteur. L'utilisation des services d'Érudit (y compris la reproduction) est assujettie à sa politique d'utilisation que vous pouvez consulter en ligne.

Canadian Slavonic Papers, Mar 1, 2005

Canadian Slavonic Papers, Sep 1, 1996

Elena Mannova and David P. Daniels, eds. A Guide to Historiography in Slovakia. Studia Historica ... more Elena Mannova and David P. Daniels, eds. A Guide to Historiography in Slovakia. Studia Historica Slovacca XX. Jasna Palickova and James R. Papp, trans. Bratislava: Historicky ustav SAV, 1995. 209 pp. Stanley Z. Pech wrote in Canadian Slavonic Papers (vol. X, no. 1 [1968], p. 15) that in western scholarship Slovak history, for the better part of this century, "appeared as hardly more than a postscript to Czech history." Those scholars who traveled to Slovakia often did so to confirm or reinforce the pro-Czech bias that the Czechoslovak Republic enjoyed (in its democratic and socialist variants), or to validate the legitimacy of what is known as the Czechoslovak approach to Slovak history. For all intents and purposes, it was a terra incognita which, for political reasons, one did not need to explore (a handful of Slovak emigre scholars were the exception). There was also a Hungarian approach to the early periods of Slovak history, although it was never as evident or pronounced as the Czechoslovak one. The second declaration of Slovak independence in 1993 not only brought this country and its people to the attention of the world, but also put an end to the legitimacy of the Czechoslovak approach to Slovak history. As strange as it may sound, one may say that it can now be studied on its own merits. Scholars who were afraid to swim against the current in the past need not worry anymore and this publication of the Historical Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences is, in many respects, just the research instrument that they need to get started. The guide is organized into four parts; its most useful aspect, found in part four, is the presentation of the history institutes, archives, libraries, and museums that are accessible throughout Slovakia. It is quite a complete list, with the name of the directory, the address, their publications, and a short description of the materials they possess. Equally useful is the outline, found in part two, of the different types of publications on Slovakia that have appeared over the years. Presented in essay form are the general works (the term used is "systhesis," which is a direct translation from the Slovak, but not at all appropriate), the encyclopedias, the bibliographies, the regional literature, the periodicals, and the atlases. Unfortunately, the titles are found in the footnotes, which is a bit cumbersome. But this is a minor point; the fact is that the list of publications is vast. The essays on Slovak historiography, found in parts one and three, constitute the problematic component of this guide. Slovak history and historiography have been subject to various pressures in the last century and a half; as L'ubomfr Liptak points out: "One of the results of the social fate of Slovakia and its historiography is that among the three roles of the study of the past-knowing [it] `as it really was,' education by history, and the consolidation of history-political pressures led to the concentration on the second function" (p. …

Estudios De Historia Del Derecho Europeo Homenaje Al P G Martinez Diez Vol 2 1994 Isbn 84 7491 507 4 Pags 271 282, 1994

Études internationales, 1989

Cooperative Movements in Eastern Europe

Canadian Slavonic Papers

Regional Politics and Policy

Choice Reviews Online

Canadian Slavonic Papers

Études internationales

Canadian Slavonic Papers, Mar 1, 2005

Canadian Slavonic Papers, Sep 1, 1996

Estudios De Historia Del Derecho Europeo Homenaje Al P G Martinez Diez Vol 2 1994 Isbn 84 7491 507 4 Pags 271 282, 1994