Stanley Starr - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Stanley Starr
Journal of Membrane Science, 2006
The coupling of biological reactor with membrane dissolution processes has gained increasing atte... more The coupling of biological reactor with membrane dissolution processes has gained increasing attention in the wastewater treatment community because of their effective delivery of gaseous products and high treatment efficiencies. Turbulent flow may be an ...
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, 2000
When NASA was created in 1958 one of the elements incorporated into this new agency was the Army ... more When NASA was created in 1958 one of the elements incorporated into this new agency was the Army Ballistic Missile Agency (ABMA) in Huntsville, Alabama and its subordinate Missile Firing Laboratory (MFL) in Cape Canaveral. Under NASA, the MFL became the Launch Operations Directorate of the George C. Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, but expanding operations in the build-up to Apollo dictated that it be given the status of a full-fledged center in July, 1962 [1]. The next year it was renamed the John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC) after the president whose vision transformed its first decade of operation. The ABMA was under the technical leadership of Dr. Wernher von Braun. The MFL was run by his deputy Dr. Kurt Dehus, an electrical engineer whose experience in the field began in the early days of V-2 testing in war-time Germany. In 1952, a group led by Dehus arrived in Cape Canaveral to begin, test launches of the new Redstone missile [2]. During the 1950s, the MFL built several launch complexes and tested the Redstone, Jupiter, and Jupiter C missiles. This small experienced team of engineers and technicians formed the seed from which has grown the KSC team of today. This briefly reviews the evolution, successes, and setbacks of KSC electronic technologies for integration, checkout, and launch of space vehicles and payloads. We show that this very successful technology development was driven by greater vehicle complexity and heavily influenced and constrained by the commercial state-of-the-art in electronics.
American Journal of Physics, 2016
Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications, 2015
Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications, 2015
Priorities and achievements of the Kennedy Space Center (KSF) Instrumentation Laboratories in imp... more Priorities and achievements of the Kennedy Space Center (KSF) Instrumentation Laboratories in improving operational safety and decreasing processing costs associated with the Shuttle vehicle are addressed. Technologies that have been or are in the process of technology transfer are reviewed, and routes by which commercial concerns can obtain licenses to other KSF Instrumentation Laboratory technologies are discussed.
A wind velocity measurement system employs two different principles of physics to measure wind sp... more A wind velocity measurement system employs two different principles of physics to measure wind speed: (1) the aerodynamic force imparted to a low profile, rigidly mounted cylindrical rod, and (2) the vibrating frequency of the rod as vortices are shed from the rod's cylindrical surface. A set of strain gages is used as a common sensor for both measurements, and these provide force measurements imparted by the wind on the rod. The signals generated by the strain gages are fed to processing circuitry that calculates the wind speed and direction from the signals. The force measurement is proportional to the square of the wind speed. Since it is a vector quantity, it can also be used to derive wind direction. The vortex shedding frequency is a scalar quantity and is linearly proportional to wind speed. This frequency can be calculated by analyzing the force measurements generated by the strain gages over time. Both of the wind velocity calculations can be advantageously used by the ...
NASA, at the John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC), developed and operates a unique high-precision l... more NASA, at the John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC), developed and operates a unique high-precision lightning location system to provide lightning-related weather warnings. These warnings are used to stop lightning- sensitive operations such as space vehicle launches and ground operations where equipment and personnel are at risk. The data is provided to the Range Weather Operations (45th Weather Squadron, U.S. Air Force) where it is used with other meteorological data to issue weather advisories and warnings for Cape Canaveral Air Station and KSC operations. This system, called Lightning Detection and Ranging (LDAR), provides users with a graphical display in three dimensions of 66 megahertz radio frequency events generated by lightning processes. The locations of these events provide a sound basis for the prediction of lightning hazards. This document provides the basis for the design approach and data analysis for a system of radio frequency receivers to provide azimuth and elevation...
Thesis (M.A.)--University of South Florida, 1978. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 29-... more Thesis (M.A.)--University of South Florida, 1978. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 29-30).
On July 24, 1950, Bumper 8 was launched from a small concrete launch pad north of the Cape Canave... more On July 24, 1950, Bumper 8 was launched from a small concrete launch pad north of the Cape Canaveral lighthouse, becoming the first launch from the Long Range Proving Ground. The Bumper missiles, six launched from White Sands and two from Cape Canaveral, were a combination of a German V-2 first stage and a WAC Corporal unguided, liquid fuel rocket as a second stage. The Bumper missions achieved great advances in altitude and velocity, demonstrated the first successful ignition of a second stage liquid rocket, and explored the boundaries of aerodynamic heating and complex missile control systems. They also engaged public interest during a time when weapons developments were largely secret. The fledgling Long Range Proving, Ground had just embarked on a multiyear program to build a thousand mile, over ocean missile range when it was tasked with supporting the complex launching and tracking requirements of the last two Bumper launches. The LRPG quickly created facilities to support the...
The Vehicle Assembly Building (VAB) was constructed in the mid-1960s to house the Saturn V moon r... more The Vehicle Assembly Building (VAB) was constructed in the mid-1960s to house the Saturn V moon rocket while it was being assembled. Designed to withstand hurricanes and tropical storms, the VAB has a foundation consisting of 30,000 cubic yards of concrete strengthened by 4,225 steel rods driven 160 feet into limestone bedrock. The goal of the VAB Sway Investigation, which began collecting data in April 2010 and ended in November 2012, was to quantify the displacement or sway of the VAB as a function of wind loading. Unlike other tall buildings whose height is much greater than their average cross-section dimension, the VAB is roughly a box with a height L = 526 ft. In the case of skyscrapers, building sway is characterized by a damped oscillation that may be on the order of 0.1 Hz to 0.5 Hz. The VAB, on the other hand, is an over-damped harmonic oscillator characterized by a simple displacement in the direction of the wind load. This conclusion is based on the fact that no oscillat...
A device and procedure for checking the health of a pressure transducer in situ is provided. The ... more A device and procedure for checking the health of a pressure transducer in situ is provided. The procedure includes measuring a fixed change in pressure above ambient pressure and a fixed change in pressure below ambient pressure. This is done by first sealing an enclosed volume around the transducer with a valve. A piston inside the sealed volume is increasing the pressure. A fixed pressure below ambient pressure is obtained by opening the valve, driving the piston The output of the pressure transducer is recorded for both the overpressuring and the underpressuring. By comparing this data with data taken during a preoperative calibration, the health of the transducer is determined from the linearity, the hysteresis, and the repeatability of its output. The further addition of a thermometer allows constant offset error in the transducer output to be determined.
AIAA SPACE 2011 Conference & Exposition, 2011
Journal of Sandwich Structures and Materials, 2010
ABSTRACT Moisture diffusion in multi-layer composite and sandwich structures is difficult to mode... more ABSTRACT Moisture diffusion in multi-layer composite and sandwich structures is difficult to model using finite-difference methods due to the discontinuity in moisture concentration between adjacent layers of differing materials. Applying a mass-conserving approach at these boundaries proved to be effective at accurately predicting moisture uptake for a sample exposed to a fixed temperature and relative humidity. Details of the model developed are presented and compared with actual moisture uptake data gathered over 130 days from a graphite/epoxy composite sandwich coupon with a Rohacell® foam core.
IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2000
ABSTRACT A component level dc transformer is described in which no alternating currents or voltag... more ABSTRACT A component level dc transformer is described in which no alternating currents or voltages are present. It operates by combining features of a homopolar motor and a homopolar generator, both dc devices, such that the output voltage of a dc power supply can be stepped up (or down) with a corresponding step down (or up) in the current. The basic theory for this device is developed, performance predictions are made, and the results from a small prototype are presented. Based on demonstrated technology in the literature, this dc transformer should be scalable to low megawatt levels, but it is more suited to high current than high voltage applications. Significant development would be required before it could achieve the kilovolt levels needed for dc power transmission.
American Journal of Physics, 2013
Journal of Membrane Science, 2006
The coupling of biological reactor with membrane dissolution processes has gained increasing atte... more The coupling of biological reactor with membrane dissolution processes has gained increasing attention in the wastewater treatment community because of their effective delivery of gaseous products and high treatment efficiencies. Turbulent flow may be an ...
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, 2000
When NASA was created in 1958 one of the elements incorporated into this new agency was the Army ... more When NASA was created in 1958 one of the elements incorporated into this new agency was the Army Ballistic Missile Agency (ABMA) in Huntsville, Alabama and its subordinate Missile Firing Laboratory (MFL) in Cape Canaveral. Under NASA, the MFL became the Launch Operations Directorate of the George C. Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, but expanding operations in the build-up to Apollo dictated that it be given the status of a full-fledged center in July, 1962 [1]. The next year it was renamed the John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC) after the president whose vision transformed its first decade of operation. The ABMA was under the technical leadership of Dr. Wernher von Braun. The MFL was run by his deputy Dr. Kurt Dehus, an electrical engineer whose experience in the field began in the early days of V-2 testing in war-time Germany. In 1952, a group led by Dehus arrived in Cape Canaveral to begin, test launches of the new Redstone missile [2]. During the 1950s, the MFL built several launch complexes and tested the Redstone, Jupiter, and Jupiter C missiles. This small experienced team of engineers and technicians formed the seed from which has grown the KSC team of today. This briefly reviews the evolution, successes, and setbacks of KSC electronic technologies for integration, checkout, and launch of space vehicles and payloads. We show that this very successful technology development was driven by greater vehicle complexity and heavily influenced and constrained by the commercial state-of-the-art in electronics.
American Journal of Physics, 2016
Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications, 2015
Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications, 2015
Priorities and achievements of the Kennedy Space Center (KSF) Instrumentation Laboratories in imp... more Priorities and achievements of the Kennedy Space Center (KSF) Instrumentation Laboratories in improving operational safety and decreasing processing costs associated with the Shuttle vehicle are addressed. Technologies that have been or are in the process of technology transfer are reviewed, and routes by which commercial concerns can obtain licenses to other KSF Instrumentation Laboratory technologies are discussed.
A wind velocity measurement system employs two different principles of physics to measure wind sp... more A wind velocity measurement system employs two different principles of physics to measure wind speed: (1) the aerodynamic force imparted to a low profile, rigidly mounted cylindrical rod, and (2) the vibrating frequency of the rod as vortices are shed from the rod's cylindrical surface. A set of strain gages is used as a common sensor for both measurements, and these provide force measurements imparted by the wind on the rod. The signals generated by the strain gages are fed to processing circuitry that calculates the wind speed and direction from the signals. The force measurement is proportional to the square of the wind speed. Since it is a vector quantity, it can also be used to derive wind direction. The vortex shedding frequency is a scalar quantity and is linearly proportional to wind speed. This frequency can be calculated by analyzing the force measurements generated by the strain gages over time. Both of the wind velocity calculations can be advantageously used by the ...
NASA, at the John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC), developed and operates a unique high-precision l... more NASA, at the John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC), developed and operates a unique high-precision lightning location system to provide lightning-related weather warnings. These warnings are used to stop lightning- sensitive operations such as space vehicle launches and ground operations where equipment and personnel are at risk. The data is provided to the Range Weather Operations (45th Weather Squadron, U.S. Air Force) where it is used with other meteorological data to issue weather advisories and warnings for Cape Canaveral Air Station and KSC operations. This system, called Lightning Detection and Ranging (LDAR), provides users with a graphical display in three dimensions of 66 megahertz radio frequency events generated by lightning processes. The locations of these events provide a sound basis for the prediction of lightning hazards. This document provides the basis for the design approach and data analysis for a system of radio frequency receivers to provide azimuth and elevation...
Thesis (M.A.)--University of South Florida, 1978. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 29-... more Thesis (M.A.)--University of South Florida, 1978. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 29-30).
On July 24, 1950, Bumper 8 was launched from a small concrete launch pad north of the Cape Canave... more On July 24, 1950, Bumper 8 was launched from a small concrete launch pad north of the Cape Canaveral lighthouse, becoming the first launch from the Long Range Proving Ground. The Bumper missiles, six launched from White Sands and two from Cape Canaveral, were a combination of a German V-2 first stage and a WAC Corporal unguided, liquid fuel rocket as a second stage. The Bumper missions achieved great advances in altitude and velocity, demonstrated the first successful ignition of a second stage liquid rocket, and explored the boundaries of aerodynamic heating and complex missile control systems. They also engaged public interest during a time when weapons developments were largely secret. The fledgling Long Range Proving, Ground had just embarked on a multiyear program to build a thousand mile, over ocean missile range when it was tasked with supporting the complex launching and tracking requirements of the last two Bumper launches. The LRPG quickly created facilities to support the...
The Vehicle Assembly Building (VAB) was constructed in the mid-1960s to house the Saturn V moon r... more The Vehicle Assembly Building (VAB) was constructed in the mid-1960s to house the Saturn V moon rocket while it was being assembled. Designed to withstand hurricanes and tropical storms, the VAB has a foundation consisting of 30,000 cubic yards of concrete strengthened by 4,225 steel rods driven 160 feet into limestone bedrock. The goal of the VAB Sway Investigation, which began collecting data in April 2010 and ended in November 2012, was to quantify the displacement or sway of the VAB as a function of wind loading. Unlike other tall buildings whose height is much greater than their average cross-section dimension, the VAB is roughly a box with a height L = 526 ft. In the case of skyscrapers, building sway is characterized by a damped oscillation that may be on the order of 0.1 Hz to 0.5 Hz. The VAB, on the other hand, is an over-damped harmonic oscillator characterized by a simple displacement in the direction of the wind load. This conclusion is based on the fact that no oscillat...
A device and procedure for checking the health of a pressure transducer in situ is provided. The ... more A device and procedure for checking the health of a pressure transducer in situ is provided. The procedure includes measuring a fixed change in pressure above ambient pressure and a fixed change in pressure below ambient pressure. This is done by first sealing an enclosed volume around the transducer with a valve. A piston inside the sealed volume is increasing the pressure. A fixed pressure below ambient pressure is obtained by opening the valve, driving the piston The output of the pressure transducer is recorded for both the overpressuring and the underpressuring. By comparing this data with data taken during a preoperative calibration, the health of the transducer is determined from the linearity, the hysteresis, and the repeatability of its output. The further addition of a thermometer allows constant offset error in the transducer output to be determined.
AIAA SPACE 2011 Conference & Exposition, 2011
Journal of Sandwich Structures and Materials, 2010
ABSTRACT Moisture diffusion in multi-layer composite and sandwich structures is difficult to mode... more ABSTRACT Moisture diffusion in multi-layer composite and sandwich structures is difficult to model using finite-difference methods due to the discontinuity in moisture concentration between adjacent layers of differing materials. Applying a mass-conserving approach at these boundaries proved to be effective at accurately predicting moisture uptake for a sample exposed to a fixed temperature and relative humidity. Details of the model developed are presented and compared with actual moisture uptake data gathered over 130 days from a graphite/epoxy composite sandwich coupon with a Rohacell® foam core.
IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2000
ABSTRACT A component level dc transformer is described in which no alternating currents or voltag... more ABSTRACT A component level dc transformer is described in which no alternating currents or voltages are present. It operates by combining features of a homopolar motor and a homopolar generator, both dc devices, such that the output voltage of a dc power supply can be stepped up (or down) with a corresponding step down (or up) in the current. The basic theory for this device is developed, performance predictions are made, and the results from a small prototype are presented. Based on demonstrated technology in the literature, this dc transformer should be scalable to low megawatt levels, but it is more suited to high current than high voltage applications. Significant development would be required before it could achieve the kilovolt levels needed for dc power transmission.
American Journal of Physics, 2013