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Stephen Levin

Independent researcher. Originator of the biotensegrity model.Orthopedic surgeon (ret)

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Papers by Stephen Levin

Research paper thumbnail of Tensegrity: the new biomechanics

Oxford Textbook of Musculoskeletal Medicine, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of 2.2. 5 Tensegrity: the new biomechanics

Research paper thumbnail of A suspensory system for the sacrum in pelvic mechanics: biotensegrity

Research paper thumbnail of Triggered, Nanostructured Biodegradables (TNBs) for Surgical Implants

Abstract: In medicine, objects that need to be removed later-such as stents-are commonly placed i... more Abstract: In medicine, objects that need to be removed later-such as stents-are commonly placed in patients, with the time of removal dependent on progress of the patient. In these cases biodegradable materials that last for a specific time may not be suitable. We propose a new class of nanostructured materials that can hold their form as long as wanted, Triggered, Nanostructured Biodegradables (TNBs), that can be disintegrated to micro-or nanoscaled components when externally triggered on command to do so.

Research paper thumbnail of A New Model for Biologic Constructs: Biotensegrity

Advances in Bioengineering, 2003

Research paper thumbnail of Theories about spinal loading

Research paper thumbnail of Lumbopelvic muscle activation patterns in three stances under graded loading conditions: Proposing a tensegrity model for load transfer through the sacroiliac joints

Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of A paper by Jones et al. Alterations in the Young's modulus and volumetric properties of chondrocytes isolated from normal and osteoarthritic human cartilage (Journal of Biomechanics 32, 1999, 119-127)

Journal of biomechanics, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of THE T ENSE GRI T Y S YS T EM AND PEI. l/TC PAIN SYNDROME

Research paper thumbnail of 10. A different approach to the mechanics of the human pelvis: tensegrity

Research paper thumbnail of This paper was first presented at the: 12th International Conference on Mechanics in Medicine and Biology, Lemnos, Greece, September 2002. It was subsequently published in the Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology, vol. 2,# 3&4, 375-388. The copyright is held by World Scientific Publishing Co

Research paper thumbnail of A new model for biologic constructs

Research paper thumbnail of Continuous Tension, Discontinuous Compression

Research paper thumbnail of The space truss as a model for cervical spine mechanics—a systems science concept

Research paper thumbnail of The primordial structure

Research paper thumbnail of The sacrum in three-dimensional space

Research paper thumbnail of The tensegrity system and pelvic pain syndrome

Research paper thumbnail of Put the shoulder to the wheel: a new biomechanical model for the shoulder girdle

Research paper thumbnail of The scapula is a sesamoid bone

Journal of Biomechanics - J BIOMECH, 2005

The scapula is a sesamoid bone. Stephen Michael Levin. Potomac Back Center, 8608 Dixie Place, Mcl... more The scapula is a sesamoid bone. Stephen Michael Levin. Potomac Back Center, 8608 Dixie Place, Mclean, VA 22102, USA. Available online 26 January 2005. Article Outline. References. Gupta and van der Helm (2004) use finite ...

Research paper thumbnail of Regional Variation in Tensile Properties and Biochemical Composition of the Human Lumbar Anulus Fibrosus

Spine, 1994

The structure-function relationship of anulus fibrosus of nondegenerate lumbar intervertebral dis... more The structure-function relationship of anulus fibrosus of nondegenerate lumbar intervertebral discs was investigated. The tensile properties and biochemical composition of single lamella specimens from human anulus fibrosus and their variations with anatomic region were determined. Regional differences in composition and ultrastructure suggest differences in tensile properties. Single lamella specimens were isolated from the anulus, equilibrated in 0.15 mol/L NaCl and tested in uniaxial tension using a slow strain-rate protocol. Adjacent specimens were used to determine biochemical composition (including hydration, collagen, proteoglycan, and hydroxypyridinium crosslink density). Tensile properties, biochemical composition, and anatomic location were compared. Significant radial and circumferential variations in tensile properties of anulus were detected, with the anterior being stiffer than the posterolateral regions, and the outer being stiffer than the inner regions. The regional differences in tensile properties may result predominantly from structural rather than compositional variations and may contribute to the clinical frequency of anulus failure in the posterolateral region.

Research paper thumbnail of Tensegrity: the new biomechanics

Oxford Textbook of Musculoskeletal Medicine, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of 2.2. 5 Tensegrity: the new biomechanics

Research paper thumbnail of A suspensory system for the sacrum in pelvic mechanics: biotensegrity

Research paper thumbnail of Triggered, Nanostructured Biodegradables (TNBs) for Surgical Implants

Abstract: In medicine, objects that need to be removed later-such as stents-are commonly placed i... more Abstract: In medicine, objects that need to be removed later-such as stents-are commonly placed in patients, with the time of removal dependent on progress of the patient. In these cases biodegradable materials that last for a specific time may not be suitable. We propose a new class of nanostructured materials that can hold their form as long as wanted, Triggered, Nanostructured Biodegradables (TNBs), that can be disintegrated to micro-or nanoscaled components when externally triggered on command to do so.

Research paper thumbnail of A New Model for Biologic Constructs: Biotensegrity

Advances in Bioengineering, 2003

Research paper thumbnail of Theories about spinal loading

Research paper thumbnail of Lumbopelvic muscle activation patterns in three stances under graded loading conditions: Proposing a tensegrity model for load transfer through the sacroiliac joints

Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of A paper by Jones et al. Alterations in the Young's modulus and volumetric properties of chondrocytes isolated from normal and osteoarthritic human cartilage (Journal of Biomechanics 32, 1999, 119-127)

Journal of biomechanics, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of THE T ENSE GRI T Y S YS T EM AND PEI. l/TC PAIN SYNDROME

Research paper thumbnail of 10. A different approach to the mechanics of the human pelvis: tensegrity

Research paper thumbnail of This paper was first presented at the: 12th International Conference on Mechanics in Medicine and Biology, Lemnos, Greece, September 2002. It was subsequently published in the Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology, vol. 2,# 3&4, 375-388. The copyright is held by World Scientific Publishing Co

Research paper thumbnail of A new model for biologic constructs

Research paper thumbnail of Continuous Tension, Discontinuous Compression

Research paper thumbnail of The space truss as a model for cervical spine mechanics—a systems science concept

Research paper thumbnail of The primordial structure

Research paper thumbnail of The sacrum in three-dimensional space

Research paper thumbnail of The tensegrity system and pelvic pain syndrome

Research paper thumbnail of Put the shoulder to the wheel: a new biomechanical model for the shoulder girdle

Research paper thumbnail of The scapula is a sesamoid bone

Journal of Biomechanics - J BIOMECH, 2005

The scapula is a sesamoid bone. Stephen Michael Levin. Potomac Back Center, 8608 Dixie Place, Mcl... more The scapula is a sesamoid bone. Stephen Michael Levin. Potomac Back Center, 8608 Dixie Place, Mclean, VA 22102, USA. Available online 26 January 2005. Article Outline. References. Gupta and van der Helm (2004) use finite ...

Research paper thumbnail of Regional Variation in Tensile Properties and Biochemical Composition of the Human Lumbar Anulus Fibrosus

Spine, 1994

The structure-function relationship of anulus fibrosus of nondegenerate lumbar intervertebral dis... more The structure-function relationship of anulus fibrosus of nondegenerate lumbar intervertebral discs was investigated. The tensile properties and biochemical composition of single lamella specimens from human anulus fibrosus and their variations with anatomic region were determined. Regional differences in composition and ultrastructure suggest differences in tensile properties. Single lamella specimens were isolated from the anulus, equilibrated in 0.15 mol/L NaCl and tested in uniaxial tension using a slow strain-rate protocol. Adjacent specimens were used to determine biochemical composition (including hydration, collagen, proteoglycan, and hydroxypyridinium crosslink density). Tensile properties, biochemical composition, and anatomic location were compared. Significant radial and circumferential variations in tensile properties of anulus were detected, with the anterior being stiffer than the posterolateral regions, and the outer being stiffer than the inner regions. The regional differences in tensile properties may result predominantly from structural rather than compositional variations and may contribute to the clinical frequency of anulus failure in the posterolateral region.

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