Subodh Maiti - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Subodh Maiti

Journal of Cleaner Production, Mar 1, 2019

The effectiveness of biochar produced from used tea waste was investigated as a potential in-situ... more The effectiveness of biochar produced from used tea waste was investigated as a potential in-situ amendment for Cd immobilization using a study design based on sediment-water meso-microcosm with 14-days of incubation. The optimum condition for biochar production was evaluated as a function of size, pyrolysis temperature and time. The highest monolayer uptake capacity was found as 42.01 mg/g for selected tea biochar (TB). The TB was mixed with sediment at the ratios of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10%. As compared to the control (0% TB dose), in TB treated sediments, mobile fraction of Cd in sediment was considerably reduced which ultimately decrease the amount of Cd uptake by biota. The efficiency of Cd immobilization increased with the amendment dosage. Overall, sediment treated with 10% TB led to a reduction of Cd by 67.7% in the exchangeable fraction. Additionally, uptake of Cd in mollusc tissue was successfully reduced by 83%, while in case of Eichhornia crassipes root and shoot 75% and 87%, correspondingly. The tea waste biochar had shown its potential to immobilize the Cd from contaminated sediment as an economically and feasible method of abatement.

Catena, May 1, 2016

Abstract Large scale surface coal mining activities resulted disturbance of the local ecosystem b... more Abstract Large scale surface coal mining activities resulted disturbance of the local ecosystem by creating different land uses that alter soil properties and hydrological balance of the mining area and surrounding environment. The present study aims to evaluate the changes in soil properties in mining affected lands (mine face topsoil, wasteland and agriculture land) and reclaimed mine soil (RMS), and to quantify the changes of the selected soil properties with respect to reference Sal forest ( Shorea robusta Gaertn. F.). Changes in soil properties were analyzed on a profile basis (0–20, 20–40 and 40–60 cm). The study indicates that soil pH, electrical conductivity, and bulk density were increased significantly, while a decrease in nutrient content (N, P, and K) was observed in the mining affected lands. The infiltration rate in RMS was found ten times lower than the Sal forest. In comparison to Sal forest, the cumulative infiltration rate declines 85%, 80% and 75%, in RMS, topsoil and agriculture soil, respectively. The overall findings of this study indicated that conversion of Sal forest into other land uses due to mining significantly reduced the nutrient contents and soil quality of the area. Reclamation of the mine degraded land in short duration does not restore the overall properties of the soils, particularly the infiltration rate, which has long term impacts on the surrounding ecosystem.

Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols, 2019

This study is intended and to enumerate the contamination of heavy metals in high volume traffic,... more This study is intended and to enumerate the contamination of heavy metals in high volume traffic, roadside soil in the territory of Jharkhand-West Bengal. Comparisons were made between by two control sites chosen for the study. The Flame Atomic Absorbance Spectrophotometer (FAAS) and Electron probe Microanalysis (EPMA) was applied to roadside soil samples to know the metal oxide composition and other heavy metals presents. The results were exposed Cu and Zn was 36.89 wt % and 18.8 wt % respectively, and to have information about their oxide contents in w%. The main sources of contamination due to the high traffic volume, industry and anthropogenic activities discovered by Geo-accumulation index (Igeo), the enrichment factor (EF) analysis and correlation coefficient. The present study is essential in the provincial aspect where the heavy metal pollution aggravates and causes health issues to the inhabitants. This study could also be advantageous to similar scenario seen elsewhere in the world.

Asbestos is a naturally occurring silicate mineral excavated mainly in Asian and Middle Eastern c... more Asbestos is a naturally occurring silicate mineral excavated mainly in Asian and Middle Eastern countries. Despite its toxic effect on humans (asbestosis, lung cancer, mesothelioma, and other malignant tumor and pleural diseases) and environment pollution problems (airborne diseases and metal enrichment in water and soil), its production is still in progress. It is mainly used by the cement, ceiling and flooring, textiles, electrical, and automotive industries. However, the huge mine wastes generated, carrying tons of asbestos fibers, could be used in different industrial sectors such as carbon nanotubes, semiconductors, and thermally modified ceramic formulations. Bioremediation/phytoremediation is an eco-friendly and cost-effective technology which can dilute and stabilize loose asbestos waste, reduce environmental and health problems, and generate a good economy for local people.

Metals, Oct 24, 2022

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Restoration Ecology, Nov 29, 2021

Anthropogenic activities substantially altered the ecosystem's functioning and most of them a... more Anthropogenic activities substantially altered the ecosystem's functioning and most of them are directly or indirectly responsible for biodiversity loss, land degradation, and climate change. Therefore, maximizing the conservation of natural capital and restoring the potential of the natural ecosystems are essential to sustain life on this planet. Where most of the economic activities are coupled with environmental degradation, the reestablishment of ecosystem attributes is a vital part of global conservation strategies. Mining activities cause inevitable loss of ecological structure and functions, while restoration of mine degraded lands provides an opportunity to reinstate ecological integrity and to develop a self‐sustaining ecosystem. However, it cannot be possible without learning from our experience, scientific research, community participation, traditional knowledge, political support, and economic backup. Here, we summarize some of the field observations explicitly based on the restoration of coal mine degraded lands in India. Experiences based on the practical approaches of ecosystem restoration highlight the key role of physical aspects of restoration, selection of plant species for biological restoration, and its combined effect on generating socioeconomic and environmental benefits. We recommend the inclusion of a site‐specific restoration plan, native species for reforestation, and involvement of the local community in restoration programs. Moreover, they are essential to attain the United Nations‐Sustainable Development Goals (UN‐SDGs) particularly, reduce poverty and hunger, provide affordable and clean energy, mitigate climate change, and reestablish life on degraded lands.

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment

CRC Press eBooks, Oct 5, 2022

Phytoremediation Technology for the Removal of Heavy Metals and Other Contaminants from Soil and Water, 2022

Handbook of Fly Ash, 2022

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 2021

Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 2019

An explanatory study was carried out to divulge the sources, contamination level of different cla... more An explanatory study was carried out to divulge the sources, contamination level of different classes of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) distribution and the impact of vehicular traffic on the roadside soil by assessing incremental lifetime cancer risk at each site to understand the potential health risk of nearby residents along the National Highway-2 Delhi-Kolkata India. Comparison of the cancer risk assessment was performed using Monte Carlo simulation for the entire study area. The results revealed 90% cancer risk value of 6.40 Â 10 À5 and 6.5 Â 10 À5 for children and adults, respectively, whereas, without simulation the Total Cancer Risk (TCR) for adults was 6.925 Â 10 À5 and 6.220 Â 10 À5 for children, observed maximum at the location (S5). The dilemma of risk assessment indicating profoundly contaminated soil. Comparison of PAHs concentration with the background values of PAHs ranged from 1.478 to 27.493 mg kg À1. The (IP/BgP) ratio specified that the PAHs content of the highway roadside sample is preponderate by diesel vehicle emission, biomass combustion and coal combustion. The study clearly revealed and advocated the influence of organic and inorganic pollution, which aggravates and causes health issues to the nearby inhabitants. This study could also be advantageous to similar consequences seen elsewhere in the world.

Ecological Engineering, 2015

Abstract Soil development is an integral process of mining spoil restoration, which is critical f... more Abstract Soil development is an integral process of mining spoil restoration, which is critical for vegetation establishment and may help to predict reclamation success. In this study, changes in soil properties, microbial activities and biomass, and plant community structure, were examined at different rehabilitated phases in chronosequence reclaimed coal mine spoils ecosystems, and discussed potential functional relationships. These reclaimed coal mine spoils were studied by taking manmade and naturally developed chronosequence sites covering successional ages in the ranges of 2 year, 5 year, 9 year, 15 year and 21 years with three depth profiles in the Raniganj Coalfield of India, and compared with natural forest close to the study area. Over time, significant changes in soil variables with respect to soil organic carbon (C org ) and nitrogen (N org ), texture qualities, moisture contents, exchangeable cations (Na + , K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ and CECe), base saturation, soil microbial indices (enzymatic activities, microbial respiration quotient and microbial biomass carbon) were observed. In addition, increase in species richness and colonization of native species also observed with rehabilitated ages at chronosequence sites. Study indicates that changes in soil variables were related with succession, whereas functional/structural changes in vegetation were related to accumulation of organic matter, soil texture and enhanced microbial properties. The results indicate that age of restoration was the main driving force in terms of soil and vegetation compositional changes during ecorestoration. The study concludes that soil forming process is priming materials for vegetation development and these floristic changes mainly driven by abiotic and biotic component of the soil ecosystem.

The Raniganj Coalfield (RCF) is the oldest coalfield in India that has been continuously and exte... more The Raniganj Coalfield (RCF) is the oldest coalfield in India that has been continuously and extensively mined since the late eighteenth century. The present study was conducted to evaluate the physico-chemical and mineralogical properties of deeper alluvial horizon (>1m depth) of Sonepur-Bazari OCP in the eastern part of Raniganj Coalfield. To determine the physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of alluvial soils under different depth profile was studied upto 10 m depth. The study revealed that the alluvial soil is porous in nature with having pore size of average 51 % and water holding capacity of 41.6. The bulk density and particle density of alluvial soil varied from topsoil horizon to lower depth profile and found to be suitable for plants growth. The soil texture class varied from loamy to sandy loam from surface to lower depth profile. Bulk mineralogy of alluvial soils was dominated by quartz, kaolinite, illite and smectite. The content of available Nitrogen (Av. N), Organic Carbon (OC %), available Phosphorous (Av. P) and exchangeable Potassium (K) content were found to be higher in surface horizons (0-0.15m) and exhibited a strong trend of decreasing nutrient content with depth. Results of the study indicate that soils in the eastern part of Raniganj Coalfield lower depth profiles beyond the 0-0.15m depth onwards, have sufficient and adequate amounts of macro and micro nutrients content which can support growth of different plants species for biological reclamation as well as for agronomic use.

Five abandoned internal and external soil dump sites ranging from 2 years to 21 years in Sonepur ... more Five abandoned internal and external soil dump sites ranging from 2 years to 21 years in Sonepur Bazari OCP were selected from Raniganj Coalfield to evaluate plant invasion, establishment and biodiversity on disturbed sites. The floristic diversity of grasses and other associated herbaceous flora mainly the leguminous was analyzed from different aged soil dumps in coal mining area. The study was with a view to assess the vegetation and suggest management strategy for speeding up the tree forms in the area. The soil dumps in the initial stages had low flora diversity in the outslope areas which were less, both in number and abundance. The site mainly consists of grasses vegetation and spares growth of herbaceous plants. The middle aged soil dumps showed the medium vegetation growth in grasses and herbaceous plants. The older aged soil dumps has dense vegetation with diversity in grasses, herbaceous plants and trees growth. The different aged mine soil dumps contains forty two types’ of different species. At the six sites, among the grasses are Eragrostis variabilis, Eragrostis pacepera, Eragrostis atropiodes, Eragrostis minor, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, and Cynodon dactylon, among the herbaceous plants were Panicum dichotomiflorum, Setaria paniculifera, Desmodium triflorum Mimosa pudica, Lantana camara, Calotropis procera, and Argemone Mexicana and for the trees species are Dalbergia sisso, Azardirachta indica, Ziziphus jujube, Acacia auriculiformis, Cassia seamea, and Acacia nilotica were dominating flora at 2 years and 21 years old mine soil dumps.

Metals, Aug 8, 2022