D. E Sugden - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by D. E Sugden
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Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 1968
ABSTRACT This paper attempts to reinterpret the scenery of the Cairngorm mountains; in particular... more ABSTRACT This paper attempts to reinterpret the scenery of the Cairngorm mountains; in particular, it suggests that there is little evidence for the view that the mountains escaped a cover of ice during the Pleistocene. Following discussion of the problems of interpretation, the two major elements in the landscape of the mountains are examined in turn. The first, comprising the subdued, rolling slopes with associated fluvial forms, conformable pseudobedding, tors and rotted granite exposures, is held to reflect the detailed form of the massif in pre-glacial times. Precipitous valleys and ice-moulded forms form the second major element of the landscape and, with the exception of forms of local glaciation, reflect the passage north-eastward across the mountains of a major Scottish ice sheet. Using examples from East Greenland, it is suggested that watershed breaching occurred beneath such an ice sheet rather than as a result of valley-glacier action. The distribution of the landforms of glacial erosion can be related to a large extent to the pre-glacial topography. Troughs appear to have been excavated along the lines of pre-glacial river valleys suitably orientated for the discharge of Scottish ice, while pre-glacial valleys at right angles to the main direction of ice flow have frequently retained their original fluvial form. Apparently, new troughs, such as the Lairig Ghru, have been created where no suitable pre-glacial valley existed. The clarity of the junction between the two associations of landforms and the survival since pre-glacial times of such relatively fragile forms as tors is a remarkable tribute to the selectivity with which the overriding ice sheet eroded.
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The Geographical Journal, 1964
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Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2005
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Journal of Glaciology, 1979
Understanding the relationship between the morphology of former ice-sheet beds and glaciological ... more Understanding the relationship between the morphology of former ice-sheet beds and glaciological processes is handicapped by the difficulty of establishing which stage of a cycle of ice-sheet growth and decay is responsible for most erosion. Discussions at this conference and in the literature display a variety of opinions, some favouring periods of ice-sheet build up, others periods of fluctuations, and still others steady-state maximum conditions. Here it is suggested that there is geomorphological evidence which points to the dominance of maximum conditions. Along the eastern margins of the Laurentide and Greenland ice sheets there is a sharp discontinuity between Alpine relief which stood above the ice-sheet surface at the maximum and plateau scenery which was covered by the ice sheet. Often the two types of relief are adjacent and yet separated by an altitudinal difference of only 100–200 m. The existence of an abrupt rather than gradual transition from one relief type to the o...
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Earth Surface Dynamics, 2016
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Arctic and Alpine Research, 1976
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Geology, 1976
ABSTRACT The hypothesis of deep erosion of shields by continental ice sheets put forward by W. A.... more ABSTRACT The hypothesis of deep erosion of shields by continental ice sheets put forward by W. A. White is being used by neighboring disciplines. Although valuable as a speculative hypothesis, there is field evidence to contradict it. After discussion of the evidence, it is concluded that Pleistocene glacial erosion has removed no more than a few tens of metres of material from the shield areas of the Northern Hemisphere.
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Nature Communications
Ice can sculpt extraordinary landscapes, yet the efficacy of, and controls governing, glacial ero... more Ice can sculpt extraordinary landscapes, yet the efficacy of, and controls governing, glacial erosion on geological timescales remain poorly understood and contended, particularly across Polar continental shields. Here, we assimilate geophysical data with modelling of the Eurasian Ice Sheet — the third largest Quaternary ice mass that spanned 49°N to 82°N — to decipher its erosional footprint during the entire last ~100 ka glacial cycle. Our results demonstrate extreme spatial and temporal heterogeneity in subglacial erosion, with rates ranging from 0 to 5 mm a−1 and a net volume equating to ~130,000 km3 of bedrock excavated to depths of ~190 m. A hierarchy of environmental controls ostensibly underpins this complex signature: lithology, topography and climate, though it is basal thermodynamics that ultimately regulates erosion, which can be variously protective, pervasive, or, highly selective. Our analysis highlights the remarkable yet fickle nature of glacial erosion — critically...
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Geografiska Annaler, 1962
(1962). The Morphology of Kaldalon, A Recently Deglaciated Valley in Iceland. Geografiska Annaler... more (1962). The Morphology of Kaldalon, A Recently Deglaciated Valley in Iceland. Geografiska Annaler: Vol. 44, No. 3-4, pp. 347-365.
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IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 1989
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Quaternary Science Reviews, 2007
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Scottish Journal of Geology, May 1, 1973
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Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 1968
ABSTRACT This paper attempts to reinterpret the scenery of the Cairngorm mountains; in particular... more ABSTRACT This paper attempts to reinterpret the scenery of the Cairngorm mountains; in particular, it suggests that there is little evidence for the view that the mountains escaped a cover of ice during the Pleistocene. Following discussion of the problems of interpretation, the two major elements in the landscape of the mountains are examined in turn. The first, comprising the subdued, rolling slopes with associated fluvial forms, conformable pseudobedding, tors and rotted granite exposures, is held to reflect the detailed form of the massif in pre-glacial times. Precipitous valleys and ice-moulded forms form the second major element of the landscape and, with the exception of forms of local glaciation, reflect the passage north-eastward across the mountains of a major Scottish ice sheet. Using examples from East Greenland, it is suggested that watershed breaching occurred beneath such an ice sheet rather than as a result of valley-glacier action. The distribution of the landforms of glacial erosion can be related to a large extent to the pre-glacial topography. Troughs appear to have been excavated along the lines of pre-glacial river valleys suitably orientated for the discharge of Scottish ice, while pre-glacial valleys at right angles to the main direction of ice flow have frequently retained their original fluvial form. Apparently, new troughs, such as the Lairig Ghru, have been created where no suitable pre-glacial valley existed. The clarity of the junction between the two associations of landforms and the survival since pre-glacial times of such relatively fragile forms as tors is a remarkable tribute to the selectivity with which the overriding ice sheet eroded.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
The Geographical Journal, 1964
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2005
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Journal of Glaciology, 1979
Understanding the relationship between the morphology of former ice-sheet beds and glaciological ... more Understanding the relationship between the morphology of former ice-sheet beds and glaciological processes is handicapped by the difficulty of establishing which stage of a cycle of ice-sheet growth and decay is responsible for most erosion. Discussions at this conference and in the literature display a variety of opinions, some favouring periods of ice-sheet build up, others periods of fluctuations, and still others steady-state maximum conditions. Here it is suggested that there is geomorphological evidence which points to the dominance of maximum conditions. Along the eastern margins of the Laurentide and Greenland ice sheets there is a sharp discontinuity between Alpine relief which stood above the ice-sheet surface at the maximum and plateau scenery which was covered by the ice sheet. Often the two types of relief are adjacent and yet separated by an altitudinal difference of only 100–200 m. The existence of an abrupt rather than gradual transition from one relief type to the o...
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Earth Surface Dynamics, 2016
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Arctic and Alpine Research, 1976
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Geology, 1976
ABSTRACT The hypothesis of deep erosion of shields by continental ice sheets put forward by W. A.... more ABSTRACT The hypothesis of deep erosion of shields by continental ice sheets put forward by W. A. White is being used by neighboring disciplines. Although valuable as a speculative hypothesis, there is field evidence to contradict it. After discussion of the evidence, it is concluded that Pleistocene glacial erosion has removed no more than a few tens of metres of material from the shield areas of the Northern Hemisphere.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Nature Communications
Ice can sculpt extraordinary landscapes, yet the efficacy of, and controls governing, glacial ero... more Ice can sculpt extraordinary landscapes, yet the efficacy of, and controls governing, glacial erosion on geological timescales remain poorly understood and contended, particularly across Polar continental shields. Here, we assimilate geophysical data with modelling of the Eurasian Ice Sheet — the third largest Quaternary ice mass that spanned 49°N to 82°N — to decipher its erosional footprint during the entire last ~100 ka glacial cycle. Our results demonstrate extreme spatial and temporal heterogeneity in subglacial erosion, with rates ranging from 0 to 5 mm a−1 and a net volume equating to ~130,000 km3 of bedrock excavated to depths of ~190 m. A hierarchy of environmental controls ostensibly underpins this complex signature: lithology, topography and climate, though it is basal thermodynamics that ultimately regulates erosion, which can be variously protective, pervasive, or, highly selective. Our analysis highlights the remarkable yet fickle nature of glacial erosion — critically...
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Geografiska Annaler, 1962
(1962). The Morphology of Kaldalon, A Recently Deglaciated Valley in Iceland. Geografiska Annaler... more (1962). The Morphology of Kaldalon, A Recently Deglaciated Valley in Iceland. Geografiska Annaler: Vol. 44, No. 3-4, pp. 347-365.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 1989
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Quaternary Science Reviews, 2007
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Scottish Journal of Geology, May 1, 1973
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