Sukesh Sinha - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Sukesh Sinha

Research paper thumbnail of Simple and sensitive liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry methods for quantification of tadalafil in rat plasma: application to pharmacokinetic study in rats

Archives of Pharmacal Research, 2013

A simple and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and va... more A simple and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated in rat plasma for quantification of tadalafil, a novel therapeutic agent for erectile dysfunction. Tadalafil and acebutolol (internal standard) were extracted by liquid-liquid extraction with tert-butyl methyl ether. The chromatographic separation was performed on a reverse phase C18 column with a mobile phase consisting of 0.1 % formic acid and acetonitrile (45:55, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The protonated analyte was quantitated by multiple reaction monitoring with a Waters Quattro micro™ API mass spectrometer. The calibration curve was linear over a concentration range of 2-2000 ng/mL, and the lower limit of quantification was 2 ng/mL with a precision (CV %) of 10.9 %. Acceptable intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy were obtained at 3 concentration levels (3, 200, and 1500 ng/mL). Tadalafil was found to be stable in a battery of studies, including bench top, freeze-thaw, and autosampler conditions. The validated method was successfully used to determine tadalafil concentration in rat plasma samples after oral administration at a dose of 1 mg/kg.

Research paper thumbnail of A Combination of Bio-Monitoring and Dietary Pattern is the Best Predictor of Health Risk Assessment Due to Pesticide Exposure in Children's

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Antioxidant, Immunomodulatory Activity of Oxidised Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (Green Tea Polyphenol) and Its Action on the Main Protease of SARS-CoV-2—An In Vitro and In Silico Approach

Antioxidants, 2022

Owing to the instability of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), it may undergo auto-oxidation and fo... more Owing to the instability of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), it may undergo auto-oxidation and form oxidised products or dimers. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects, including antioxidation and immunomodulatory action, of the Oxidised Epigallocatechin Gallate (O-EGCG) as compared to native EGCG and the action of these compounds on main protease (Mpro) docking against SARS-CoV-2. HCT-116 (Human Colon Cancer) cell lines were used to estimate the total antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation levels and pro-inflammatory markers (human IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α). Further, molecular docking analysis was performed by AutoDock and visualised in Discovery studio. Improved antioxidant capacity of O-EGCG was observed, and there was a significant decrease in the inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) when O-EGCG was applied as compared to EGCG. The O-EGCG was shown to be strongly associated with the highest docking score and active site residues of IL-1, IL-6,...

Research paper thumbnail of Human placental mesenchymal stromal cell therapy restores the cytokine efflux and insulin signaling in the skeletal muscle of obesity-induced type 2 diabetes rat model

Human Cell, 2022

Obesity poses a significant risk factor for the onset of metabolic syndrome with allied complicat... more Obesity poses a significant risk factor for the onset of metabolic syndrome with allied complications, wherein mesenchymal stem cell therapy is seen as a promising treatment for obesity-induced metabolic syndrome. In the present study, we aim to explore the beneficial effects of the human placental mesenchymal stromal cells (P-MSCs) on obesity-associated insulin resistance (IR) including inflammation. To understand this, we have analyzed the peripheral blood glucose, serum insulin levels by ELISA, and the glucose uptake capacity of skeletal muscle by a 2-NBDG assay using flow cytometry in WNIN/GR-Ob rats treated with and without P-MSCs. Also, we have studied insulin signaling and cytokine profile in the skeletal muscle by western blotting, dot blotting, and Multiplex-ELISA techniques. The skeletal muscle of WNIN/GR-Ob rats demonstrates dysregulation of cytokines, altered glucose uptake vis-a-vis insulin signaling. However, P-MSCs' treatment was effective in WNIN/GR-Ob rats as compared to its control, to restore HOMA-IR, re-establishes dysregulated cytokines and PI3K-Akt pathway in addition to enhanced Glut4 expression and glucose uptake studied in skeletal muscle. Overall, our data advocate the beneficial effects of P-MSCs to ameliorate inflammatory milieu, improve insulin sensitivity, and normalize glucose homeostasis underlining the Ob-T2D conditions, and we attribute for immunomodulatory, paracrine, autocrine, and multipotent functions of P-MSCs.

Research paper thumbnail of Correlation of pesticide exposure from dietary intake and bio-monitoring: The different sex and socio-economic study of children

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Chromatographic studies on the isolation of peroxydisulphate oxidation products of primaquine

Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications, 1998

Eight compounds from peroxydisulphate oxidation of primaquine were fractionated on Bio-Gel P-2 co... more Eight compounds from peroxydisulphate oxidation of primaquine were fractionated on Bio-Gel P-2 column using water as an eluent. A HPLC method employing acetonitrile-methanol-1 M perchloric acid-water (30:7:1:95, v/v) as a mobile phase at 1.0 ml/min on microBondapak reversed-phase column and UV detection at 254 nm was developed for the separation and identification of different oxidation products of primaquine. A combination of Bio-Gel chromatography with reversed-phase HPLC was found to be the most suitable analytical technique for the semipreparative isolation of various products formed from the oxidation. Two oxidation products that were isolated had three or four times higher gametocytocidal activity as compared to primaquine.

Research paper thumbnail of Environmental monitoring of benzene and toluene produced in indoor air due to combustion of solid biomass fuels

Science of The Total Environment, 2006

Exposure to benzene and toluene from the combustion of solid biomass fuels is one of the importan... more Exposure to benzene and toluene from the combustion of solid biomass fuels is one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. In this study, we assessed the exposure of cooks to benzene and toluene from biomass fuel combustion in 55 rural homes. The GC-MS was used for quantification while a personnel sampler was used for environmental monitoring. The benzene exposure differed significantly (p < 0.0001) across different types of indoor kitchen fuel combinations. The geometrical mean (GM) of benzene exposure for cooks during cooking hours in an indoor kitchen using mixed fuel was 75.3 microg/m3 (with partition) and 63.206 microg/m3 (without partition), while the exposure was 11.7 microg/m3 for open type. The benzene exposure was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in an indoor kitchen with respect to open type using mixed fuels. Concentration of benzene (114.1 microg/m3) for cooks in an indoor kitchen with partition using dung fuel was significantly higher in comparison to non-cooks (5.1 microg/m3) for open type. Benzene exposure was not significantly different for kitchen with ventilation (31.2 microg/m3) and without ventilation (45.0 microg/m3) using wood fuel. However, this value was significantly (p < 0.05) lower than in indoor kitchens with or without partition. An almost similar trend was observed for toluene but the difference was statistically non-significant. This study may be helpful in developing a regional exposure database and in the facilitation of health risk assessment due to volatile organic pollutants in our day-to-day environment.

Research paper thumbnail of Quantification of organophosphate insecticides and herbicides in vegetable samples using the “Quick Easy Cheap Effective Rugged and Safe” (QuEChERS) method and a high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionisation–mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) technique

Research paper thumbnail of Multi-organ toxicity and death following acute unintentional inhalation of paint thinner fumes

Clinical Toxicology, 2007

Research paper thumbnail of Isolation and antimalarial activity of peroxydisulfate oxidation products of primaquine

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2002

Five compounds formed by peroxydisulfate oxidation of primaquine were isolated using chromatograp... more Five compounds formed by peroxydisulfate oxidation of primaquine were isolated using chromatographic methods and evaluated for antimalarial activity in vitro. One compound 6-methoxy-5,8 bis(4'-amino-1'-methylbutylamino)quinoline [P(1)] was found to have good gametocytocidal activity against Plasmodium yoelli infected mice at 10mg kg(-1) dose in vivo.

Research paper thumbnail of Estimating health risk assessment due to pesticide exposure through dietary intake in biomonitoring of metabolites in Indian children's public health

Pesticide residues are one of the most dangerous things that can affect the safety and quality of... more Pesticide residues are one of the most dangerous things that can affect the safety and quality of agro-food. We assessed study participants' long-term dietary exposure to 17 OPs and looked at how conventional food consumption and OP urinary metabolites in young children's and adolescents' urine samples impacted this exposure. We investigate the OP pesticide and metabolite concentrations in the study participants' diet and urine for the extraction and quantitative analyses of pesticides by using the QuEChERS method & followed by the LC-MS/MS. We gathered the food intake data of around 6–15-year-old (N = 905) child volunteers based on parent interviews and food questionnaires from the study proforma and also collected their urine samples. The health risk assessments through EDI, ADI, and chronic or long-term health (HQ) were estimated. Our results suggest that 17 OP pesticides were found in food samples. Among 905 study participants based on diet, there was a significa...

Research paper thumbnail of Repeated Episodes of Endosulfan Poisoning

Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology, 2004

Research paper thumbnail of Correlation studies on pathological changes in brain with neurotransmitters and behavioural changes in Balb/c mice

Journal of Environmental Biology, 2022

Aim: To determine the plasma neurotransmitters simultaneously and to find any correlation with pa... more Aim: To determine the plasma neurotransmitters simultaneously and to find any correlation with pathological changes in the hippocampus and Purkinje cells and their relation with behavioral changes in Balb/c mice. Methodology: In the present study, both sexes of Balb /C mice were divided into two groups (4 males and 4 females; n = 8): Both the groups were given a single dose of either saline or sodium valproate (400mg kg-1) respectively through subcutaneous injection on PND 14. Behavioural tests were conducted on mice pups on various postnatal days till 40th day. On PND 41, blood samples were collected from all the animals for quantification of the neurotransmitters (serotonin, dopamine, and noradrenalin) in plasma, animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and whole brain was isolated for histological examination of the Purkinje cells and hippocampus. Results: Sodium valproate exposed animals showed loss of motor skill development (delayed negative geotaxic response), increase...

Research paper thumbnail of Sex Differences in Animal Models of Sodium-Valproate-Induced Autism in Postnatal BALB/c Mice: Whole-Brain Histoarchitecture and 5-HT2A Receptor Biomarker Evidence

Biology, 2022

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterised by problems with social interaction, verbal and n... more Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterised by problems with social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication and repetitive behaviour. In mice, the 14th postnatal day is believed to correspond to the third trimester of human embryonic development and is considered a vital period for central nervous system development. It has been shown that ASD affects 2 to 3 times more male than female individuals. In the present study, ASD was induced in 14 postnatal day (PND) BALB/c mice using valproic acid (VPA). VPA administration brought about substantial differences in the histoarchitecture of the brain in both male and female mice, linked to behavioural deficits. We observed that both male and female mice showed similar morphological changes in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and Purkinje cells. We also observed hair loss from PND 17 to 25, which was again similar between male and female mice. However, there were higher rates of change in the cerebral cortex, frontal cortex and...

Research paper thumbnail of Understanding the Alterations in Lipid Metabolism in NAFLD Progression: Current Trends and Future Directions

Critical reviews in oncogenesis, 2021

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pathological condition, wherein fat deposition exce... more Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pathological condition, wherein fat deposition exceeds the allowable limits of the healthy person. If the condition persists for a long time, the patient will eventually develop NASH (nonalcoholic steatohepatitis), which will probably lead to HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma). The incidence of NAFLD is rising at an alarming rate, and still there are no drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for this devastating health condition. To combat and treat NAFLD successfully, it is essential to understand how routine lipid metabolism in the liver is altered under these conditions. In this review, we discuss specifically during the NAFLD progression how the signaling pathways leading to excess fat accumulation in the liver are changed. We also address variations in the mechanisms underlying hepatic lipid uptake and changes in fatty acid oxidation mechanisms. We will also highlight the role of transcription factors and other lipolyti...

Research paper thumbnail of Autism spectrum disorder (ASD): A current review of assessment, risk factors and prevention

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are extremely heritable neurodevelopmental disorders observed in... more Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are extremely heritable neurodevelopmental disorders observed in 1-2% of children, usually seen before they reach 3 years of age. ASD is characterized by impaired social behavior, poor communication, stereotypic behavior, abnormal sensitivity to sensory stimuli and self-injurious behavior. The exact causes of ASD are unclear but increased oxidative stress; hyperserotonemia and loss of purkinje cell integrity in the cerebellum are some pathological findings in ASD. This article reviews trends in assessment of this neurodevelopmental disorder, autism risk factors, and preventions for autism. Screening tools for ASD, such as checklist for autism in toddlers (CHAT), modified checklist for autism in toddlers (M-CHAT), autism behavior checklist (ABC) and the autism spectrum screening questionnaire (ASSQ), social communication questionnaire (SCQ), australian scale for asperger syndrome (ASAS), are available for use by general pediatricians. Pregnant ladies ...

Research paper thumbnail of Nature, risk factors, prevalence, neurotransmitter role, and survival investigation of acute organophosphate (OP) pesticide cases in humans in a tertiary hospital in Telangana, India

Background:Pesticides represent many risks to human and environmental health, but few end-user se... more Background:Pesticides represent many risks to human and environmental health, but few end-user selection criteria account for differences in risk across compounds. People who inadvertently consume toxins such as organophosphate pesticides were commonly seen in India's tertiary hospital emergency departments. However, the scarcity of knowledge about organophosphorus pesticide toxicity and the pesticide influences on neurotransmitters' role in humans is not reported.Aim and ObjectiveTo investigate the name of the OP pesticide consumed, their severity of the poisoning, and socio-demographic data (N=116, were OP pesticide exposed) and Control group (N=5), were not consume OP pesticide. Furthermore, we estimated the levels of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine in acute OP poison human plasma and survival and mortality in human suicidal cases with different OP pesticides at general tertiary hospitals in India.MethodsThis prospective studydata (N=116, were OP pesticid...

Research paper thumbnail of Investigation of an acute neurological outbreak in Eluru, India, 2020

PLOS ONE, 2021

On 4th December 2020, a sudden outbreak, with neurological symptoms like seizures, loss of consci... more On 4th December 2020, a sudden outbreak, with neurological symptoms like seizures, loss of consciousness etc., was reported in a town from south India. By 3rd day about 400 people were involved. A multi disciplinary team from our institute visited the site to investigate the outbreak. Based on the case history and clinical examination of the patients, the team suspected a probable diagnosis of an acute pesticide, heavy metal and/or mycotoxin exposure for which, biological samples (blood, urine) were collected from those who reported the symptoms as well as from a few who did not report symptoms (controls). To identify the source, water and food samples were collected. The samples were subjected to ICP-MS for heavy metal analysis, LC-MS/MS for pesticide analysis, microbiological analysis and ELISA-Kit method for aflatoxins if any. Clinical and dietary details were collected from a total of 112 participants, of which, 103 cases (77 active cases at Hospital and 26 recovered cases from ...

Research paper thumbnail of Concentration of nitrite in respirable particulate matter of ambient air in Vadodara, Gujarat, India

Journal of environmental biology, 2010

Water extract of respirable particulate matter (RPM) was analyzed by Ion chromatography technique... more Water extract of respirable particulate matter (RPM) was analyzed by Ion chromatography technique to investigate the presence of nitrite (NO2) as secondary aerosol in ambient environment. The nitrite particulates undergo photo hydroxyl radical reaction in environment produce nitrous acid, which reacts with metal and absorbs on RPM as water-soluble metal salt. The mean concentration of nitrite was 20.86 microg m(-3) in ambient environment. Regression analysis showed that the relationship for respirable particulate matter and nitrite (RPM-NO2, R2 = 0.742) was positively significant. We are reporting the presence of nitrite as an aerosol in ambient environment.

Research paper thumbnail of Multi-organ toxicity and death following acute unintentional inhalation of paint thinner fumes

Clinical Toxicology, 2007

Paint thinners containing a mixture of volatile organic solvents have considerable potential for ... more Paint thinners containing a mixture of volatile organic solvents have considerable potential for solvent abuse. Deaths from solvent inhalation have been reported but most of them relate to intentional solvent abuse and occur soon after exposure. Accidental death due to unintentional inhalation of solvent vapors can also occur suddenly but more often, death results from late complications secondary to multi-organ toxicity. Malfunctioning of the cardiorespiratory, renal, and central nervous systems as a result of latent-toxic effects of solvent exposure has received little attention. An adult male unintentionally inhaled an excessive amount of paint thinner vapors and immediately developed central nervous system effects, followed by severe cardiorespiratory and renal pathologies that ultimately led to death 11 days after exposure. Acute unintentional inhalation of paint thinner fumes resulted in serious multi-organ toxicity and death. This case strongly suggests the need to employ sui...

Research paper thumbnail of Simple and sensitive liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry methods for quantification of tadalafil in rat plasma: application to pharmacokinetic study in rats

Archives of Pharmacal Research, 2013

A simple and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and va... more A simple and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated in rat plasma for quantification of tadalafil, a novel therapeutic agent for erectile dysfunction. Tadalafil and acebutolol (internal standard) were extracted by liquid-liquid extraction with tert-butyl methyl ether. The chromatographic separation was performed on a reverse phase C18 column with a mobile phase consisting of 0.1 % formic acid and acetonitrile (45:55, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The protonated analyte was quantitated by multiple reaction monitoring with a Waters Quattro micro™ API mass spectrometer. The calibration curve was linear over a concentration range of 2-2000 ng/mL, and the lower limit of quantification was 2 ng/mL with a precision (CV %) of 10.9 %. Acceptable intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy were obtained at 3 concentration levels (3, 200, and 1500 ng/mL). Tadalafil was found to be stable in a battery of studies, including bench top, freeze-thaw, and autosampler conditions. The validated method was successfully used to determine tadalafil concentration in rat plasma samples after oral administration at a dose of 1 mg/kg.

Research paper thumbnail of A Combination of Bio-Monitoring and Dietary Pattern is the Best Predictor of Health Risk Assessment Due to Pesticide Exposure in Children's

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Antioxidant, Immunomodulatory Activity of Oxidised Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (Green Tea Polyphenol) and Its Action on the Main Protease of SARS-CoV-2—An In Vitro and In Silico Approach

Antioxidants, 2022

Owing to the instability of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), it may undergo auto-oxidation and fo... more Owing to the instability of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), it may undergo auto-oxidation and form oxidised products or dimers. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects, including antioxidation and immunomodulatory action, of the Oxidised Epigallocatechin Gallate (O-EGCG) as compared to native EGCG and the action of these compounds on main protease (Mpro) docking against SARS-CoV-2. HCT-116 (Human Colon Cancer) cell lines were used to estimate the total antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation levels and pro-inflammatory markers (human IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α). Further, molecular docking analysis was performed by AutoDock and visualised in Discovery studio. Improved antioxidant capacity of O-EGCG was observed, and there was a significant decrease in the inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) when O-EGCG was applied as compared to EGCG. The O-EGCG was shown to be strongly associated with the highest docking score and active site residues of IL-1, IL-6,...

Research paper thumbnail of Human placental mesenchymal stromal cell therapy restores the cytokine efflux and insulin signaling in the skeletal muscle of obesity-induced type 2 diabetes rat model

Human Cell, 2022

Obesity poses a significant risk factor for the onset of metabolic syndrome with allied complicat... more Obesity poses a significant risk factor for the onset of metabolic syndrome with allied complications, wherein mesenchymal stem cell therapy is seen as a promising treatment for obesity-induced metabolic syndrome. In the present study, we aim to explore the beneficial effects of the human placental mesenchymal stromal cells (P-MSCs) on obesity-associated insulin resistance (IR) including inflammation. To understand this, we have analyzed the peripheral blood glucose, serum insulin levels by ELISA, and the glucose uptake capacity of skeletal muscle by a 2-NBDG assay using flow cytometry in WNIN/GR-Ob rats treated with and without P-MSCs. Also, we have studied insulin signaling and cytokine profile in the skeletal muscle by western blotting, dot blotting, and Multiplex-ELISA techniques. The skeletal muscle of WNIN/GR-Ob rats demonstrates dysregulation of cytokines, altered glucose uptake vis-a-vis insulin signaling. However, P-MSCs' treatment was effective in WNIN/GR-Ob rats as compared to its control, to restore HOMA-IR, re-establishes dysregulated cytokines and PI3K-Akt pathway in addition to enhanced Glut4 expression and glucose uptake studied in skeletal muscle. Overall, our data advocate the beneficial effects of P-MSCs to ameliorate inflammatory milieu, improve insulin sensitivity, and normalize glucose homeostasis underlining the Ob-T2D conditions, and we attribute for immunomodulatory, paracrine, autocrine, and multipotent functions of P-MSCs.

Research paper thumbnail of Correlation of pesticide exposure from dietary intake and bio-monitoring: The different sex and socio-economic study of children

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Chromatographic studies on the isolation of peroxydisulphate oxidation products of primaquine

Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications, 1998

Eight compounds from peroxydisulphate oxidation of primaquine were fractionated on Bio-Gel P-2 co... more Eight compounds from peroxydisulphate oxidation of primaquine were fractionated on Bio-Gel P-2 column using water as an eluent. A HPLC method employing acetonitrile-methanol-1 M perchloric acid-water (30:7:1:95, v/v) as a mobile phase at 1.0 ml/min on microBondapak reversed-phase column and UV detection at 254 nm was developed for the separation and identification of different oxidation products of primaquine. A combination of Bio-Gel chromatography with reversed-phase HPLC was found to be the most suitable analytical technique for the semipreparative isolation of various products formed from the oxidation. Two oxidation products that were isolated had three or four times higher gametocytocidal activity as compared to primaquine.

Research paper thumbnail of Environmental monitoring of benzene and toluene produced in indoor air due to combustion of solid biomass fuels

Science of The Total Environment, 2006

Exposure to benzene and toluene from the combustion of solid biomass fuels is one of the importan... more Exposure to benzene and toluene from the combustion of solid biomass fuels is one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. In this study, we assessed the exposure of cooks to benzene and toluene from biomass fuel combustion in 55 rural homes. The GC-MS was used for quantification while a personnel sampler was used for environmental monitoring. The benzene exposure differed significantly (p < 0.0001) across different types of indoor kitchen fuel combinations. The geometrical mean (GM) of benzene exposure for cooks during cooking hours in an indoor kitchen using mixed fuel was 75.3 microg/m3 (with partition) and 63.206 microg/m3 (without partition), while the exposure was 11.7 microg/m3 for open type. The benzene exposure was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in an indoor kitchen with respect to open type using mixed fuels. Concentration of benzene (114.1 microg/m3) for cooks in an indoor kitchen with partition using dung fuel was significantly higher in comparison to non-cooks (5.1 microg/m3) for open type. Benzene exposure was not significantly different for kitchen with ventilation (31.2 microg/m3) and without ventilation (45.0 microg/m3) using wood fuel. However, this value was significantly (p < 0.05) lower than in indoor kitchens with or without partition. An almost similar trend was observed for toluene but the difference was statistically non-significant. This study may be helpful in developing a regional exposure database and in the facilitation of health risk assessment due to volatile organic pollutants in our day-to-day environment.

Research paper thumbnail of Quantification of organophosphate insecticides and herbicides in vegetable samples using the “Quick Easy Cheap Effective Rugged and Safe” (QuEChERS) method and a high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionisation–mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) technique

Research paper thumbnail of Multi-organ toxicity and death following acute unintentional inhalation of paint thinner fumes

Clinical Toxicology, 2007

Research paper thumbnail of Isolation and antimalarial activity of peroxydisulfate oxidation products of primaquine

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2002

Five compounds formed by peroxydisulfate oxidation of primaquine were isolated using chromatograp... more Five compounds formed by peroxydisulfate oxidation of primaquine were isolated using chromatographic methods and evaluated for antimalarial activity in vitro. One compound 6-methoxy-5,8 bis(4'-amino-1'-methylbutylamino)quinoline [P(1)] was found to have good gametocytocidal activity against Plasmodium yoelli infected mice at 10mg kg(-1) dose in vivo.

Research paper thumbnail of Estimating health risk assessment due to pesticide exposure through dietary intake in biomonitoring of metabolites in Indian children's public health

Pesticide residues are one of the most dangerous things that can affect the safety and quality of... more Pesticide residues are one of the most dangerous things that can affect the safety and quality of agro-food. We assessed study participants' long-term dietary exposure to 17 OPs and looked at how conventional food consumption and OP urinary metabolites in young children's and adolescents' urine samples impacted this exposure. We investigate the OP pesticide and metabolite concentrations in the study participants' diet and urine for the extraction and quantitative analyses of pesticides by using the QuEChERS method & followed by the LC-MS/MS. We gathered the food intake data of around 6–15-year-old (N = 905) child volunteers based on parent interviews and food questionnaires from the study proforma and also collected their urine samples. The health risk assessments through EDI, ADI, and chronic or long-term health (HQ) were estimated. Our results suggest that 17 OP pesticides were found in food samples. Among 905 study participants based on diet, there was a significa...

Research paper thumbnail of Repeated Episodes of Endosulfan Poisoning

Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology, 2004

Research paper thumbnail of Correlation studies on pathological changes in brain with neurotransmitters and behavioural changes in Balb/c mice

Journal of Environmental Biology, 2022

Aim: To determine the plasma neurotransmitters simultaneously and to find any correlation with pa... more Aim: To determine the plasma neurotransmitters simultaneously and to find any correlation with pathological changes in the hippocampus and Purkinje cells and their relation with behavioral changes in Balb/c mice. Methodology: In the present study, both sexes of Balb /C mice were divided into two groups (4 males and 4 females; n = 8): Both the groups were given a single dose of either saline or sodium valproate (400mg kg-1) respectively through subcutaneous injection on PND 14. Behavioural tests were conducted on mice pups on various postnatal days till 40th day. On PND 41, blood samples were collected from all the animals for quantification of the neurotransmitters (serotonin, dopamine, and noradrenalin) in plasma, animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and whole brain was isolated for histological examination of the Purkinje cells and hippocampus. Results: Sodium valproate exposed animals showed loss of motor skill development (delayed negative geotaxic response), increase...

Research paper thumbnail of Sex Differences in Animal Models of Sodium-Valproate-Induced Autism in Postnatal BALB/c Mice: Whole-Brain Histoarchitecture and 5-HT2A Receptor Biomarker Evidence

Biology, 2022

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterised by problems with social interaction, verbal and n... more Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterised by problems with social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication and repetitive behaviour. In mice, the 14th postnatal day is believed to correspond to the third trimester of human embryonic development and is considered a vital period for central nervous system development. It has been shown that ASD affects 2 to 3 times more male than female individuals. In the present study, ASD was induced in 14 postnatal day (PND) BALB/c mice using valproic acid (VPA). VPA administration brought about substantial differences in the histoarchitecture of the brain in both male and female mice, linked to behavioural deficits. We observed that both male and female mice showed similar morphological changes in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and Purkinje cells. We also observed hair loss from PND 17 to 25, which was again similar between male and female mice. However, there were higher rates of change in the cerebral cortex, frontal cortex and...

Research paper thumbnail of Understanding the Alterations in Lipid Metabolism in NAFLD Progression: Current Trends and Future Directions

Critical reviews in oncogenesis, 2021

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pathological condition, wherein fat deposition exce... more Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pathological condition, wherein fat deposition exceeds the allowable limits of the healthy person. If the condition persists for a long time, the patient will eventually develop NASH (nonalcoholic steatohepatitis), which will probably lead to HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma). The incidence of NAFLD is rising at an alarming rate, and still there are no drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for this devastating health condition. To combat and treat NAFLD successfully, it is essential to understand how routine lipid metabolism in the liver is altered under these conditions. In this review, we discuss specifically during the NAFLD progression how the signaling pathways leading to excess fat accumulation in the liver are changed. We also address variations in the mechanisms underlying hepatic lipid uptake and changes in fatty acid oxidation mechanisms. We will also highlight the role of transcription factors and other lipolyti...

Research paper thumbnail of Autism spectrum disorder (ASD): A current review of assessment, risk factors and prevention

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are extremely heritable neurodevelopmental disorders observed in... more Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are extremely heritable neurodevelopmental disorders observed in 1-2% of children, usually seen before they reach 3 years of age. ASD is characterized by impaired social behavior, poor communication, stereotypic behavior, abnormal sensitivity to sensory stimuli and self-injurious behavior. The exact causes of ASD are unclear but increased oxidative stress; hyperserotonemia and loss of purkinje cell integrity in the cerebellum are some pathological findings in ASD. This article reviews trends in assessment of this neurodevelopmental disorder, autism risk factors, and preventions for autism. Screening tools for ASD, such as checklist for autism in toddlers (CHAT), modified checklist for autism in toddlers (M-CHAT), autism behavior checklist (ABC) and the autism spectrum screening questionnaire (ASSQ), social communication questionnaire (SCQ), australian scale for asperger syndrome (ASAS), are available for use by general pediatricians. Pregnant ladies ...

Research paper thumbnail of Nature, risk factors, prevalence, neurotransmitter role, and survival investigation of acute organophosphate (OP) pesticide cases in humans in a tertiary hospital in Telangana, India

Background:Pesticides represent many risks to human and environmental health, but few end-user se... more Background:Pesticides represent many risks to human and environmental health, but few end-user selection criteria account for differences in risk across compounds. People who inadvertently consume toxins such as organophosphate pesticides were commonly seen in India's tertiary hospital emergency departments. However, the scarcity of knowledge about organophosphorus pesticide toxicity and the pesticide influences on neurotransmitters' role in humans is not reported.Aim and ObjectiveTo investigate the name of the OP pesticide consumed, their severity of the poisoning, and socio-demographic data (N=116, were OP pesticide exposed) and Control group (N=5), were not consume OP pesticide. Furthermore, we estimated the levels of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine in acute OP poison human plasma and survival and mortality in human suicidal cases with different OP pesticides at general tertiary hospitals in India.MethodsThis prospective studydata (N=116, were OP pesticid...

Research paper thumbnail of Investigation of an acute neurological outbreak in Eluru, India, 2020

PLOS ONE, 2021

On 4th December 2020, a sudden outbreak, with neurological symptoms like seizures, loss of consci... more On 4th December 2020, a sudden outbreak, with neurological symptoms like seizures, loss of consciousness etc., was reported in a town from south India. By 3rd day about 400 people were involved. A multi disciplinary team from our institute visited the site to investigate the outbreak. Based on the case history and clinical examination of the patients, the team suspected a probable diagnosis of an acute pesticide, heavy metal and/or mycotoxin exposure for which, biological samples (blood, urine) were collected from those who reported the symptoms as well as from a few who did not report symptoms (controls). To identify the source, water and food samples were collected. The samples were subjected to ICP-MS for heavy metal analysis, LC-MS/MS for pesticide analysis, microbiological analysis and ELISA-Kit method for aflatoxins if any. Clinical and dietary details were collected from a total of 112 participants, of which, 103 cases (77 active cases at Hospital and 26 recovered cases from ...

Research paper thumbnail of Concentration of nitrite in respirable particulate matter of ambient air in Vadodara, Gujarat, India

Journal of environmental biology, 2010

Water extract of respirable particulate matter (RPM) was analyzed by Ion chromatography technique... more Water extract of respirable particulate matter (RPM) was analyzed by Ion chromatography technique to investigate the presence of nitrite (NO2) as secondary aerosol in ambient environment. The nitrite particulates undergo photo hydroxyl radical reaction in environment produce nitrous acid, which reacts with metal and absorbs on RPM as water-soluble metal salt. The mean concentration of nitrite was 20.86 microg m(-3) in ambient environment. Regression analysis showed that the relationship for respirable particulate matter and nitrite (RPM-NO2, R2 = 0.742) was positively significant. We are reporting the presence of nitrite as an aerosol in ambient environment.

Research paper thumbnail of Multi-organ toxicity and death following acute unintentional inhalation of paint thinner fumes

Clinical Toxicology, 2007

Paint thinners containing a mixture of volatile organic solvents have considerable potential for ... more Paint thinners containing a mixture of volatile organic solvents have considerable potential for solvent abuse. Deaths from solvent inhalation have been reported but most of them relate to intentional solvent abuse and occur soon after exposure. Accidental death due to unintentional inhalation of solvent vapors can also occur suddenly but more often, death results from late complications secondary to multi-organ toxicity. Malfunctioning of the cardiorespiratory, renal, and central nervous systems as a result of latent-toxic effects of solvent exposure has received little attention. An adult male unintentionally inhaled an excessive amount of paint thinner vapors and immediately developed central nervous system effects, followed by severe cardiorespiratory and renal pathologies that ultimately led to death 11 days after exposure. Acute unintentional inhalation of paint thinner fumes resulted in serious multi-organ toxicity and death. This case strongly suggests the need to employ sui...