Sule Ozturk - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Sule Ozturk
Journal of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Apr 1, 2007
Journal of Food Biochemistry, 2015
Three lichen species of Ramalina (R. farinacea, R. fastigiata and R. fraxinea) were examined. Eve... more Three lichen species of Ramalina (R. farinacea, R. fastigiata and R. fraxinea) were examined. Evernic, fumarprotocetraric, lecanoric, stictic and usnic acid levels were determined by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection. Acetone, methanol and ethanol were used to examine the efficiencies of different solvent systems for the extraction of lichen acids. The total phenol contents in the extracts were determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu method. The antioxidant capacities were determined by the ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis[3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid]) method. The methanol extracts of the Ramalina species showed the highest antioxidant capacities. Broth microdilution testing was performed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the methanol extracts of the three Ramalina species. The MIC values of all extracts ranged from 64 to 512 μg/mL for all bacterial strains tested in this study. Practical Applications Lichens and their natural products are used worldwide for decorations, brewing and distilling, food, fodder, spice and natural remedies, and in the perfume and dying industries. Lichens produce a large number of phenolic compounds, such as depsides, depsidones and dibenzofurans. Lichens with antioxidant activity have increased abilities to scavenge toxic-free radicals due to their phenolic groups. In recent years, many lichen substances have been found to have several biological activities. This article evaluates the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and lichen acids of three Ramalina species. This is the first study to determine the stictic acid level in a R. farinacea extract and fumarprotocetraric acid and lecanoric acid levels in an R. fastigiata extract. The results of this study will contribute significantly to current knowledge regarding the utility of antimicrobial and antioxidant materials.
![Research paper thumbnail of Effects of some terricolous lichens [Cladonia rangiformis Hoffm., Peltigera neckerii Hepp ex Müll. Arg., Peltigera rufescens (Weiss) Humb.] on soil bacteria in natural conditions](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/108577913/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Plant Soil and Environment, Apr 30, 2009
Biodiversity, Conservation and Sustainability in Asia, 2021
The lichens are the smallest ecosystem model sharing a life cycle with combination of a fungus an... more The lichens are the smallest ecosystem model sharing a life cycle with combination of a fungus and at least one or two algae. The two control and facilitate the lives of lichens mutually. An attempt has been made here to provide information on the basic structural and metabolic characteristics of lichens in the light of basic sources. The use of lichens from the past to the present and their importance has been highlighted together with the effects of lichen metabolites as well as their importance of the role these organisms play in the nature. Lichen systematics, revision studies on various genera, and biological effects of lichen products have also been investigated in Turkey for nearly past five decades, and these studies too have been evaluated.
J. BIOL. ENVIRON. SCI, 2009
In this study, 85 lichen taxa belonging to 34 genera and 15 families were determined from 772 lic... more In this study, 85 lichen taxa belonging to 34 genera and 15 families were determined from 772 lichen samples collected from 30 stations from 06.06.2004 to 24.05.2006. Seven lichen taxa for Bursa are new records. The epiphytic lichen taxa are collected from Quercus ...
Mycotaxon, Sep 9, 2011
Abstract: Four lichenized fungi (Lecanora jamesii, L. juniperina, Phaeophyscia hirsuta, and Rinod... more Abstract: Four lichenized fungi (Lecanora jamesii, L. juniperina, Phaeophyscia hirsuta, and Rinodina orculata) are reported for the first time from Turkey. Comments on their habitat, substrate, and morphological and anatomical features are provided.
Epiphytic lichen diversity were investigated on 11 Quercus taxa in Marmara Region and effect of b... more Epiphytic lichen diversity were investigated on 11 Quercus taxa in Marmara Region and effect of bark pH was evaluated on the lichen diversity. Overall 88 lichen taxa were recorded. Q. petraea was determined the richest oak with 47 lichen taxa while Q. hartwissiana was determined the most poor oak with 7 lichen taxa. The highest average bark pH (6,16) was recorded from Q. frainetto and the lowest average bark pH (4,76) was recorded from Q. cerris. Since bark pH values of the investigated Quercus taxa are usually high, nitrophytic species were more observed than acidophytic species on barks. In this study, we observed that bark pH values were varied among Quercus taxa and localities. Heavy fertilization practises in Marmara Region were observed effect of bark pH of Quercus taxa in the several localities which near the agricultural areas.
Nova Hedwigia, 2019
The aim of this study is to determine the effects of microclimatic factors and tree size on epiph... more The aim of this study is to determine the effects of microclimatic factors and tree size on epiphytic lichen diversity in different parts of Quercus petraea. The microclimatic factors used were tree size, the base and trunk of the tree, bark surface moisture, and environmental factors such as the amount of relative humidity and light in the environment. A total of 35 epiphytic lichen species was found in the Quercus petraea forest in the Uludağ Mountains. Parmelia sulcata was the most common species. The highest species diversity was found in small trees. Shannon diversity on the trunk of the tree decreased with the increase in the tree size. The relationship between tree size and species richness on the trunk of the tree was found to be more significant than that found on the base. It has been determined that the frequency of some species on the base and trunk of the tree was increased as a result of an increase in the amount of relative humidity and light in the environment...
Biological Diversity and Conservation, 2019
Turkish Journal of Botany
Turkish Journal of Botany, 1997
Abstract: The distributions of 24 epiphytic lichen species are given from 29 selected research st... more Abstract: The distributions of 24 epiphytic lichen species are given from 29 selected research stations in the city of Bursa. These species are located in a zone where conditions are unsuitable for lichen growth. The central zone, with a high concentration of SO2, is totally devoid of ...
Turkish Journal of Botany
Pakistan Journal of Botany, 2015
The aim of this study was to investigate the In vitro efficacy of 96% alcohol extracts of Evernia... more The aim of this study was to investigate the In vitro efficacy of 96% alcohol extracts of Evernia prunastri and Pseudevernia furfuracea var. furfuracea that were in foliose-fruticose form and Parmelia sulcata in foliose form against important plant pathogens. The growth of fungal colonies in Petri plates amended with lichen extracts at 25°C was measured a day before covering all surface of Petri plate in control treatment. Data were analysed according to statistic analysis test LSD at p≤0.05. The in vitro efficacy of extracts of E. prunastri, P. sulcata and P. furfuracea var. furfuracea showed a significant inhibition against mycelia and spor growth of Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium culmorum, F. solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, Penicillium expansum and Rhizoctonia solani. The level of inhibition among extracts showed variation. It was concluded that secondary metabolites of lichens may be used as biological chemicals against some plant pathogens.
Drug and Chemical Toxicology
Journal of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Apr 1, 2007
Journal of Food Biochemistry, 2015
Three lichen species of Ramalina (R. farinacea, R. fastigiata and R. fraxinea) were examined. Eve... more Three lichen species of Ramalina (R. farinacea, R. fastigiata and R. fraxinea) were examined. Evernic, fumarprotocetraric, lecanoric, stictic and usnic acid levels were determined by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection. Acetone, methanol and ethanol were used to examine the efficiencies of different solvent systems for the extraction of lichen acids. The total phenol contents in the extracts were determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu method. The antioxidant capacities were determined by the ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis[3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid]) method. The methanol extracts of the Ramalina species showed the highest antioxidant capacities. Broth microdilution testing was performed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the methanol extracts of the three Ramalina species. The MIC values of all extracts ranged from 64 to 512 μg/mL for all bacterial strains tested in this study. Practical Applications Lichens and their natural products are used worldwide for decorations, brewing and distilling, food, fodder, spice and natural remedies, and in the perfume and dying industries. Lichens produce a large number of phenolic compounds, such as depsides, depsidones and dibenzofurans. Lichens with antioxidant activity have increased abilities to scavenge toxic-free radicals due to their phenolic groups. In recent years, many lichen substances have been found to have several biological activities. This article evaluates the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and lichen acids of three Ramalina species. This is the first study to determine the stictic acid level in a R. farinacea extract and fumarprotocetraric acid and lecanoric acid levels in an R. fastigiata extract. The results of this study will contribute significantly to current knowledge regarding the utility of antimicrobial and antioxidant materials.
Plant Soil and Environment, Apr 30, 2009
Biodiversity, Conservation and Sustainability in Asia, 2021
The lichens are the smallest ecosystem model sharing a life cycle with combination of a fungus an... more The lichens are the smallest ecosystem model sharing a life cycle with combination of a fungus and at least one or two algae. The two control and facilitate the lives of lichens mutually. An attempt has been made here to provide information on the basic structural and metabolic characteristics of lichens in the light of basic sources. The use of lichens from the past to the present and their importance has been highlighted together with the effects of lichen metabolites as well as their importance of the role these organisms play in the nature. Lichen systematics, revision studies on various genera, and biological effects of lichen products have also been investigated in Turkey for nearly past five decades, and these studies too have been evaluated.
J. BIOL. ENVIRON. SCI, 2009
In this study, 85 lichen taxa belonging to 34 genera and 15 families were determined from 772 lic... more In this study, 85 lichen taxa belonging to 34 genera and 15 families were determined from 772 lichen samples collected from 30 stations from 06.06.2004 to 24.05.2006. Seven lichen taxa for Bursa are new records. The epiphytic lichen taxa are collected from Quercus ...
Mycotaxon, Sep 9, 2011
Abstract: Four lichenized fungi (Lecanora jamesii, L. juniperina, Phaeophyscia hirsuta, and Rinod... more Abstract: Four lichenized fungi (Lecanora jamesii, L. juniperina, Phaeophyscia hirsuta, and Rinodina orculata) are reported for the first time from Turkey. Comments on their habitat, substrate, and morphological and anatomical features are provided.
Epiphytic lichen diversity were investigated on 11 Quercus taxa in Marmara Region and effect of b... more Epiphytic lichen diversity were investigated on 11 Quercus taxa in Marmara Region and effect of bark pH was evaluated on the lichen diversity. Overall 88 lichen taxa were recorded. Q. petraea was determined the richest oak with 47 lichen taxa while Q. hartwissiana was determined the most poor oak with 7 lichen taxa. The highest average bark pH (6,16) was recorded from Q. frainetto and the lowest average bark pH (4,76) was recorded from Q. cerris. Since bark pH values of the investigated Quercus taxa are usually high, nitrophytic species were more observed than acidophytic species on barks. In this study, we observed that bark pH values were varied among Quercus taxa and localities. Heavy fertilization practises in Marmara Region were observed effect of bark pH of Quercus taxa in the several localities which near the agricultural areas.
Nova Hedwigia, 2019
The aim of this study is to determine the effects of microclimatic factors and tree size on epiph... more The aim of this study is to determine the effects of microclimatic factors and tree size on epiphytic lichen diversity in different parts of Quercus petraea. The microclimatic factors used were tree size, the base and trunk of the tree, bark surface moisture, and environmental factors such as the amount of relative humidity and light in the environment. A total of 35 epiphytic lichen species was found in the Quercus petraea forest in the Uludağ Mountains. Parmelia sulcata was the most common species. The highest species diversity was found in small trees. Shannon diversity on the trunk of the tree decreased with the increase in the tree size. The relationship between tree size and species richness on the trunk of the tree was found to be more significant than that found on the base. It has been determined that the frequency of some species on the base and trunk of the tree was increased as a result of an increase in the amount of relative humidity and light in the environment...
Biological Diversity and Conservation, 2019
Turkish Journal of Botany
Turkish Journal of Botany, 1997
Abstract: The distributions of 24 epiphytic lichen species are given from 29 selected research st... more Abstract: The distributions of 24 epiphytic lichen species are given from 29 selected research stations in the city of Bursa. These species are located in a zone where conditions are unsuitable for lichen growth. The central zone, with a high concentration of SO2, is totally devoid of ...
Turkish Journal of Botany
Pakistan Journal of Botany, 2015
The aim of this study was to investigate the In vitro efficacy of 96% alcohol extracts of Evernia... more The aim of this study was to investigate the In vitro efficacy of 96% alcohol extracts of Evernia prunastri and Pseudevernia furfuracea var. furfuracea that were in foliose-fruticose form and Parmelia sulcata in foliose form against important plant pathogens. The growth of fungal colonies in Petri plates amended with lichen extracts at 25°C was measured a day before covering all surface of Petri plate in control treatment. Data were analysed according to statistic analysis test LSD at p≤0.05. The in vitro efficacy of extracts of E. prunastri, P. sulcata and P. furfuracea var. furfuracea showed a significant inhibition against mycelia and spor growth of Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium culmorum, F. solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, Penicillium expansum and Rhizoctonia solani. The level of inhibition among extracts showed variation. It was concluded that secondary metabolites of lichens may be used as biological chemicals against some plant pathogens.
Drug and Chemical Toxicology