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The emerging field of molecular electronics seeks to create computational function from individua... more The emerging field of molecular electronics seeks to create computational function from individual molecules or arrays of molecules. These nanoscale devices would then enable the production of faster, denser, cheaper computers. Clearly, there are many obstacles to building such devices, one of which is to develop methods for using lithographic wires to address molecules that are many orders of magnitude smaller in size. In this thesis, a moletronics design is presented that offers a method for connecting nanometer molecules to the world-at-large. This architecture involves the production of nanocells, or random arrays of molecules and metallic nanoparticles. The molecules have two discrete states and exhibit electrical behavior that enables complex logic in a nanocell. Methods are presented to take a random array of such switch states and alter them to program a nanocell as a useful logical device. Simulations of this programming process are presented and show that it is theoretically possible to obtain very high level function from these cells. Observations made during simulations are then used to formulate theorems about the programmability of nanocells. These theorems demonstrate that there is a dense solution space of molecular switch states that give rise to certain computation within a nanocell. Future directions of research, such as methods for wiring multiple nanocells together, are included as well.
IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology, 2002
Molecular electronics seeks to build electrical devices to implement computation-logic and memory... more Molecular electronics seeks to build electrical devices to implement computation-logic and memory-using individual or small collections of molecules. These devices have the potential to reduce device size and fabrication costs, by several orders of magnitude, relative to conventional CMOS. However, the construction of a practical molecular computer will require the molecular switches and their related interconnect technologies to behave as large-scale diverse logic, with input/output wires scaled to molecular dimensions. It is unclear whether it is necessary or even possible to control the precise regular placement and interconnection of these diminutive molecular systems. This paper describes genetic algorithm-based simulations of molecular device structures in a nanocell where placement and connectivity of the internal molecular switches are not specifically directed and the internal topology is generally disordered. With some simplifying assumptions, these results show that it is possible to use easily fabricated nanocells as logic devices by setting the internal molecular switch states after the topological molecular assembly is complete. Simulated logic devices include an inverter, a NAND gate, an XOR gate and a 1-bit adder. Issues of defect and fault tolerance are addressed.
IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 2003
Molecular electronics is an emerging field that seeks to build faster, cheaper, denser computers ... more Molecular electronics is an emerging field that seeks to build faster, cheaper, denser computers from nanoscale devices. The nanocell is a molecular electronics design wherein a random, self-assembled array of molecules and metallic nanoparticles is addressed by a relatively small number of input/output pins. The challenge then is to program the nanocell post-fabrication. We have previously demonstrated the ability to program individual simulated nanocells as logic gates. In this paper, we further explore the problem of programming nanocells and consider connecting nanocells into circuits using bistable latches at the interconnects. These latches are critical because they permit signal restoration. Simulated nanocell circuits for logic and memory are presented here.
The emerging field of molecular electronics seeks to create computational function from individua... more The emerging field of molecular electronics seeks to create computational function from individual molecules or arrays of molecules. These nanoscale devices would then enable the production of faster, denser, cheaper computers. Clearly, there are many obstacles to building such devices, one of which is to develop methods for using lithographic wires to address molecules that are many orders of magnitude smaller in size. In this thesis, a moletronics design is presented that offers a method for connecting nanometer molecules to the world-at-large. This architecture involves the production of nanocells, or random arrays of molecules and metallic nanoparticles. The molecules have two discrete states and exhibit electrical behavior that enables complex logic in a nanocell. Methods are presented to take a random array of such switch states and alter them to program a nanocell as a useful logical device. Simulations of this programming process are presented and show that it is theoretically possible to obtain very high level function from these cells. Observations made during simulations are then used to formulate theorems about the programmability of nanocells. These theorems demonstrate that there is a dense solution space of molecular switch states that give rise to certain computation within a nanocell. Future directions of research, such as methods for wiring multiple nanocells together, are included as well.
IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology, 2002
Molecular electronics seeks to build electrical devices to implement computation-logic and memory... more Molecular electronics seeks to build electrical devices to implement computation-logic and memory-using individual or small collections of molecules. These devices have the potential to reduce device size and fabrication costs, by several orders of magnitude, relative to conventional CMOS. However, the construction of a practical molecular computer will require the molecular switches and their related interconnect technologies to behave as large-scale diverse logic, with input/output wires scaled to molecular dimensions. It is unclear whether it is necessary or even possible to control the precise regular placement and interconnection of these diminutive molecular systems. This paper describes genetic algorithm-based simulations of molecular device structures in a nanocell where placement and connectivity of the internal molecular switches are not specifically directed and the internal topology is generally disordered. With some simplifying assumptions, these results show that it is possible to use easily fabricated nanocells as logic devices by setting the internal molecular switch states after the topological molecular assembly is complete. Simulated logic devices include an inverter, a NAND gate, an XOR gate and a 1-bit adder. Issues of defect and fault tolerance are addressed.
IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 2003
Molecular electronics is an emerging field that seeks to build faster, cheaper, denser computers ... more Molecular electronics is an emerging field that seeks to build faster, cheaper, denser computers from nanoscale devices. The nanocell is a molecular electronics design wherein a random, self-assembled array of molecules and metallic nanoparticles is addressed by a relatively small number of input/output pins. The challenge then is to program the nanocell post-fabrication. We have previously demonstrated the ability to program individual simulated nanocells as logic gates. In this paper, we further explore the problem of programming nanocells and consider connecting nanocells into circuits using bistable latches at the interconnects. These latches are critical because they permit signal restoration. Simulated nanocell circuits for logic and memory are presented here.