Surendra Singh - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Surendra Singh

Emerging trends in agri-nanotechnology: fundamental and applied aspects

Advances in PGPR research

Proceedings of the John Hall Symposium, 2006

ABSTRACT In a frequency mixing experiment in Jan's lab, where one of us (SS) was visiting... more ABSTRACT In a frequency mixing experiment in Jan's lab, where one of us (SS) was visiting during 1989-90, a linearly polarized Ar-ion beam was accidentally directed onto a crossed polarizer. At the output of the polarizer we saw a four lobe pattern although the incident beam had the lowest order Hermite-Gaussian beam profile [HG00]. We attributed it to a small mixture of HG11 mode in the laser output and moved on. A few years later, when this phenomenon was encountered in a different context, a careful examination revealed the secret side of a gaussian beam - Maxwell's equations require linearly polarized laser beams to have a small mixture of cross-polarization component [Erikson and Singh, Phys Rev. E 49, 5778]. This effect is described here. Read More: http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/9789812773845_0018

Surface and Coatings Technology, 2015

In this work, we studied phase formation, structural and magnetic properties of iron-nitride (Fe-... more In this work, we studied phase formation, structural and magnetic properties of iron-nitride (Fe-N) thin films deposited using high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) and direct current magnetron sputtering (dc-MS). The nitrogen partial pressure during deposition was systematically varied both in HiPIMS and dc-MS. Resulting Fe-N films were characterized for their microstructure, magnetic properties and nitrogen concentration. We found that HiPIMS deposited Fe-N films show a globular nanocrystalline microstructure and improved soft magnetic properties. In addition, it was found that the nitrogen reactivity impedes in HiPIMS as compared to dc-MS. Obtained results can be understood in terms of distinct plasma properties of HiPIMS.

Surface Science, 2006

Detailed morphologies of the exposed surface of a Ni film vis-à-vis a buried interface below it h... more Detailed morphologies of the exposed surface of a Ni film vis-à-vis a buried interface below it have been determined by diffuse (offspecular) neutron scattering (DNS) and specular neutron reflectometry (NR). The exposed surface shows distinct morphological changes with respect to the buried interface, due to corrosion. The results demonstrate the strength of DNS in obtaining morphology of hidden interfaces and exposed surfaces simultaneously.

Physical Review Letters, 2001

Quantum dynamical equations of motion for homodyne detection of the degenerate optical parametric... more Quantum dynamical equations of motion for homodyne detection of the degenerate optical parametric oscillator are solved exactly. Nonclassical photon statistics are shown to be a consequence of interference of probability amplitudes, entanglement of photon pairs from such an oscillator, and the role of measurement in quantum evolution.

Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 2003

This paper illustrates the application of Wynn's vector-algorithm to solve a system of equations ... more This paper illustrates the application of Wynn's vector-algorithm to solve a system of equations arising in the method of moments (MoM) solution of an electrostatic problem. Since the method is iterative, it does not require inversion of a matrix. The degree of accuracy of the solution can be controlled by specifying a convergence factor.

$Research paper thumbnail of Visceral Leishmaniasis, or Kala Azar (KA): High Incidence of Refractoriness to Antimony Is Contributed by Anthroponotic Transmission via Post‐KA Dermal Leishmaniasis$

The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2006

Individuals with visceral leishmaniasis, or kala azar (KA) and individuals with post-KA dermal le... more Individuals with visceral leishmaniasis, or kala azar (KA) and individuals with post-KA dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) are considered to be reservoirs of transmission of Leishmania donovani in India. When intracellular amastigotes were used to assess the natural susceptibility that PKDL isolates and KA isolates have to sodium antimony gluconate (SAG), the mean ED 50 was found to be and mg/ 12.0 ‫ע‬ 2.49 11.0 ‫ע‬ 1.38 mL, respectively; and there was a significant correlation with the clinical response (). All KA isolates, as well r p 0.99 rank as a significant proportion (55%) of PKDL isolates from high-endemicity zones, were resistant to SAG. The median ED 50 for SAG-resistant PKDL isolates (20.0 mg/mL) was significantly higher () than that for SAG-resistant KA P ! .05 isolates (15.7 mg/mL). SAG-resistant PKDL isolates may contribute to KA's increased refractoriness to SAG, via anthroponotic transmission of SAG-resistant strains. Visceral leishmaniasis, or kala azar (KA), is a chronic infection caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Post-KA dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) develops in 5%-15% of patients in India who are treated for KA. Cases of PKDL are of considerable epidemiological importance, acting as a reservoir of L. donovani

Journal of Applied Physics, 2007

Fe/ Ge multilayer sample was grown on Si͑100͒ substrate by rf sputtering. X-ray diffraction shows... more Fe/ Ge multilayer sample was grown on Si͑100͒ substrate by rf sputtering. X-ray diffraction shows that the Fe layers are polycrystalline whereas the Ge layers are amorphous in this sample. X-ray reflectometry and unpolarized neutron reflectometry techniques have been used to determine the structural parameters viz. individual layer thickness, interface roughness, and the density of the layers. Polarized neutron reflectometry has given magnetic moment depth profile for the multilayer thin film. There is a large reduction in magnetic moment for Fe atom on an average in the Fe layers. Magnetic moments of Fe at the interfaces are lower compared to the regions away from the interfaces. There is an asymmetry between magnetic moments at Fe on Ge interfaces and Ge on Fe interfaces as well. Superconducting quantum interference device measurement indicates that the sample is ferromagnetic at room temperature with a lower magnetic moment compared to bulk iron.

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1990

1746 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, VOL. 38, NO. 11, NOVEMBER 1990 ... App... more 1746 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, VOL. 38, NO. 11, NOVEMBER 1990 ... Application of Transforms to Accelerate the Summation of Periodic Free-Space Green&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#x27;s Functions SURENDRA SINGH, MEMBER, IEEE, AND RITU SINGH

Environmental Reviews, 2011

... 1998; Ng et al. 2003; Ng 2005; Ghimire 2005; Liu and Waalkes 2008). ... 3). On average, the p... more ... 1998; Ng et al. 2003; Ng 2005; Ghimire 2005; Liu and Waalkes 2008). ... 3). On average, the prevalence of arsenicosis in these districts was found to be 2.2% (Adhikari and Ghimire 2009). Arsenicosis is most prevalent among the male population in their late 50s (Maharjan et al. ...

Energy Conversion and Management, 2004

Use of high yielding varieties, increased use of fertilizers and chemicals and mechanized farming... more Use of high yielding varieties, increased use of fertilizers and chemicals and mechanized farming of the wheat crop result in high energy use. An energy scenario of wheat production in Punjab was constructed to establish optimum energy input levels and to know the sensitivity of a particular energy input level on productivity for five agro-climatic zones. The sensitivity of a particular energy input on production was assessed using the marginal physical productivity technique and partial regression coefficients. The linear programming technique based on the concept of one-to-one functions was used to optimize the various energy input uses. The study on sensitivity of energy inputs on productivity of wheat revealed that an additional 1 MJ of energy through fertilizers in zone 1, Diesel in zone 3 and chemicals in zone 4 would result in increase in the yield of wheat by 0.118, 0.219 and 0.610 kg, respectively. Statistically, a constant return to scale prevailed for wheat production in all the zones except zone 1, being rain fed. Wide variations in the efficiency rating of input use were observed in zones 1, 2 and 5. Using existing energy inputs, the yield of wheat can be increased by 22.3% in zone 1, 20.8% in zone 2, 6.1% in zone 3, 4.2% in zone 4 and 10.6% in zone 5. On average, the existing level of yield of wheat could be obtained while reducing the energy inputs use by 22.3%, 20.8%, 9.8%, 7.1% and 15.9% in zones 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively, over the actual energy use.