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Papers by Surinder Singh Sambi

Research paper thumbnail of Economic Analysis of a Large UASB Reactor Producing Biogas from Baggase Wash Water

Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems, 2014

This paper concerns with the treatment of bagasse wash water, which is generated after washing th... more This paper concerns with the treatment of bagasse wash water, which is generated after washing the stored bagasse before its use in the paper manufacture. The bagasse wash water, treated earlier in open lagoons, is now treated by the anaerobic process using UASB reactor. This study, based upon an operating unit, shows that the UASB reactor reduces COD of wash water by 85%-90%, and results in significant emission reductions. Economic analysis carried out by using financial indicators such as DSCR, Payback period and IRR reveals very attractive rate of returns and thus, greatly reduces the risks in financing such projects by the financial institutions.

Research paper thumbnail of Kinetics and thermodynamics of gossypol extraction from defatted cottonseed meal by ethanol

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology, 2012

Gossypol is polyphenolic aldehyde, a toxic substance naturally present in cotton plant to protect... more Gossypol is polyphenolic aldehyde, a toxic substance naturally present in cotton plant to protect it from insects, pests and diseases. Maximum gossypol is concentrated in the seed. After extraction of oil from the cottonseed, the defatted cottonseed meal which contains both the gossypol and proteinous matter is left behind. A number of attempts have been made using different solvents to extract gossypol from the seeds. However, all these efforts have remained in the realm of academic activity only as none of them could be commercialized. If a pilot plant or commercial scale plant is to be developed then the data on the kinetics and thermodynamics of the extraction process is required. In this study ethanol has been used as the solvent at temperature below 323K for removal of gossypol from the defatted seed. This study fi nds the effects of parameters viz. temperature, solvent to solid ratio (SR) and extraction time on the gossypol extraction effi ciency. The data obtained are used to establish the kinetics and thermodynamics of the extraction process.

Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis and biological profile of substituted benzimidazoles

Chemistry Central journal, 2018

A series of benzimidazole derivatives was developed and its chemical scaffolds were authenticated... more A series of benzimidazole derivatives was developed and its chemical scaffolds were authenticated by NMR, IR, elemental analyses and physicochemical properties. The synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities. The synthesized benzimidazole compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity using the tube dilution method and were found to exhibit good antimicrobial potential against selected Gram negative and positive bacterial and fungal species. The compounds were also assessed for their anticancer activity exhibited using the SRB assay and were found to elicit antiproliferative activity against MCF7 breast cancer cell line, which was comparable to the standard drug. Antimicrobial screening results indicated that compounds 1, 2 and 19 to be promising antimicrobial agents against selected microbial species and comparable to standard drugs which included norfloxacin and fluconazole. The anticancer screening results revealed that...

Research paper thumbnail of Nonlinear Autoregressive Exogenous modeling of a large anaerobic digester producing biogas from cattle waste

Bioresource technology, 2014

In waste-to-energy plants, there is every likelihood of variations in the quantity and characteri... more In waste-to-energy plants, there is every likelihood of variations in the quantity and characteristics of the feed. Although intermediate storage tanks are used, but many times these are of inadequate capacity to dampen the variations. In such situations an anaerobic digester treating waste slurry operates under dynamic conditions. In this work a special type of dynamic Artificial Neural Network model, called Nonlinear Autoregressive Exogenous model, is used to model the dynamics of anaerobic digesters by using about one year data collected on the operating digesters. The developed model consists of two hidden layers each having 10 neurons, and uses 18days delay. There are five neurons in input layer and one neuron in output layer for a day. Model predictions of biogas production rate are close to plant performance within ±8% deviation.

Research paper thumbnail of Cadmium and Chromium Adsorption on Activated Carbon

Indian Chemical Engineer, 2014

ABSTRACT Removal of heavy metal ions has received considerable attention due to the toxicological... more ABSTRACT Removal of heavy metal ions has received considerable attention due to the toxicological effects of these ions on ecosystem, human health and agriculture. Commercially activated carbon is widely used as an adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions from industrial wastes though its cost is a restricting factor. The present study explores the effectiveness of activated carbon obtained from sources other than wood, such as corncob and coconut shell for the removal of cadmium and chromium ions from aqueous wastes. Batch scale equilibrium adsorption studies were carried out for the removal of cadmium and chromium ions on the activated carbon obtained by pyrolysis. Adsorption studies were carried out at various pH values and for a range of initial concentrations of cadmium and chromium. Higher iodine value for activated carbon obtained at 800°C from coconut shell compared to corncob suggests that the use of coconut shell may be preferred.

Research paper thumbnail of Economic Analysis of a Large UASB Reactor Producing Biogas from Baggase Wash Water

Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems, 2014

This paper concerns with the treatment of bagasse wash water, which is generated after washing th... more This paper concerns with the treatment of bagasse wash water, which is generated after washing the stored bagasse before its use in the paper manufacture. The bagasse wash water, treated earlier in open lagoons, is now treated by the anaerobic process using UASB reactor. This study, based upon an operating unit, shows that the UASB reactor reduces COD of wash water by 85%-90%, and results in significant emission reductions. Economic analysis carried out by using financial indicators such as DSCR, Payback period and IRR reveals very attractive rate of returns and thus, greatly reduces the risks in financing such projects by the financial institutions.

Research paper thumbnail of Kinetics and thermodynamics of gossypol extraction from defatted cottonseed meal by ethanol

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology, 2012

Gossypol is polyphenolic aldehyde, a toxic substance naturally present in cotton plant to protect... more Gossypol is polyphenolic aldehyde, a toxic substance naturally present in cotton plant to protect it from insects, pests and diseases. Maximum gossypol is concentrated in the seed. After extraction of oil from the cottonseed, the defatted cottonseed meal which contains both the gossypol and proteinous matter is left behind. A number of attempts have been made using different solvents to extract gossypol from the seeds. However, all these efforts have remained in the realm of academic activity only as none of them could be commercialized. If a pilot plant or commercial scale plant is to be developed then the data on the kinetics and thermodynamics of the extraction process is required. In this study ethanol has been used as the solvent at temperature below 323K for removal of gossypol from the defatted seed. This study fi nds the effects of parameters viz. temperature, solvent to solid ratio (SR) and extraction time on the gossypol extraction effi ciency. The data obtained are used to establish the kinetics and thermodynamics of the extraction process.

Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis and biological profile of substituted benzimidazoles

Chemistry Central journal, 2018

A series of benzimidazole derivatives was developed and its chemical scaffolds were authenticated... more A series of benzimidazole derivatives was developed and its chemical scaffolds were authenticated by NMR, IR, elemental analyses and physicochemical properties. The synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities. The synthesized benzimidazole compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity using the tube dilution method and were found to exhibit good antimicrobial potential against selected Gram negative and positive bacterial and fungal species. The compounds were also assessed for their anticancer activity exhibited using the SRB assay and were found to elicit antiproliferative activity against MCF7 breast cancer cell line, which was comparable to the standard drug. Antimicrobial screening results indicated that compounds 1, 2 and 19 to be promising antimicrobial agents against selected microbial species and comparable to standard drugs which included norfloxacin and fluconazole. The anticancer screening results revealed that...

Research paper thumbnail of Nonlinear Autoregressive Exogenous modeling of a large anaerobic digester producing biogas from cattle waste

Bioresource technology, 2014

In waste-to-energy plants, there is every likelihood of variations in the quantity and characteri... more In waste-to-energy plants, there is every likelihood of variations in the quantity and characteristics of the feed. Although intermediate storage tanks are used, but many times these are of inadequate capacity to dampen the variations. In such situations an anaerobic digester treating waste slurry operates under dynamic conditions. In this work a special type of dynamic Artificial Neural Network model, called Nonlinear Autoregressive Exogenous model, is used to model the dynamics of anaerobic digesters by using about one year data collected on the operating digesters. The developed model consists of two hidden layers each having 10 neurons, and uses 18days delay. There are five neurons in input layer and one neuron in output layer for a day. Model predictions of biogas production rate are close to plant performance within ±8% deviation.

Research paper thumbnail of Cadmium and Chromium Adsorption on Activated Carbon

Indian Chemical Engineer, 2014

ABSTRACT Removal of heavy metal ions has received considerable attention due to the toxicological... more ABSTRACT Removal of heavy metal ions has received considerable attention due to the toxicological effects of these ions on ecosystem, human health and agriculture. Commercially activated carbon is widely used as an adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions from industrial wastes though its cost is a restricting factor. The present study explores the effectiveness of activated carbon obtained from sources other than wood, such as corncob and coconut shell for the removal of cadmium and chromium ions from aqueous wastes. Batch scale equilibrium adsorption studies were carried out for the removal of cadmium and chromium ions on the activated carbon obtained by pyrolysis. Adsorption studies were carried out at various pH values and for a range of initial concentrations of cadmium and chromium. Higher iodine value for activated carbon obtained at 800°C from coconut shell compared to corncob suggests that the use of coconut shell may be preferred.