Suruchi Aditya - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Suruchi Aditya

Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 2006

The presence of pharmaceuticals in potable waters is escalating with an evergrowing consumption o... more The presence of pharmaceuticals in potable waters is escalating with an evergrowing consumption of medications. Concerns regarding environmental significance and human health risk involved are often raised but control at source generation is not being adequately emphasized. To explore the knowledge, attitude, beliefs about drug wastage and methods adopted by students to dispose unused and leftover medications at home. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive survey. A detailed, anonymous questionnaire having both open and close-ended questions to assess drug disposal practices was administered to second, third and fourth year dental students. The data collected was analyzed and expressed as counts and percentages. 236 dental students participated in the survey. 70% reported the possession of upto five expired medications at home. The major reason for possession of unused, expired medicines was purchase of over the counter (OTC) drugs for self-medication.52%agreed that drug wastage ca...

Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 2004

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), a proinflammatory cytokine is involved in the pathophysiolog... more Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), a proinflammatory cytokine is involved in the pathophysiology of a number of disorders including Crohn’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis. AntiTNF-a strategies target this pathogenic element to provide clinical benefit. The various strategies are in preliminary stage of experimentation and much remains to be elucidated before these are applied clinically. Though antiTNF-a therapy is currently approved only for rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn’s disease, the future of this therapeutic paradigm holds much promise. The number of official indications for strategies against this biologic agent are likely to increase to include congestive heart failure, psoriasis, asthma, septic shock, stroke and malignancy. This will make it a truly broad spectrum therapeutic weapon currently available to us.

The presence of pharmaceuticals in potable waters i s escalating with an evergrowing consumption ... more The presence of pharmaceuticals in potable waters i s escalating with an evergrowing consumption of medications. Concerns regarding environmental significance and hu man health risk involved are often raised but contr ol at source generation is not being adequately emphasized. To explore the knowledge, attitude, beliefs about d rug wastage and methods adopted by students to dispose unused and l eftover medications at home. This was a cross-secti onal, descriptive survey. A detailed, anonymous questionnaire having both open and close-ended questions to assess drug disposal practices was administered to second, thir d and fourth year dental students. The data collect ed was analyzed and expressed as counts and percentages. 236 dental students participated in the survey. 70% reported the possession of upto five expired medications at home. The major reason for possession of unused, expired medicines was purchase of over the counter (OTC) drugs for self-m edication.52%agreed that drug w...

Chemokines are named so because they induce chemotaxis. Chemokines are proteins that are involved... more Chemokines are named so because they induce chemotaxis. Chemokines are proteins that are involved in directed migration of various leucocytes. Chemokines are known to play an important role in normal physiological and pathological diseases. Apart from cell trafficking, they are involved in inflammatory, autoimmune diseases and tumorigenesis. Based on this, many chemokine receptor antagonists have been developed the foremost being CCR5 inhibitor Maraviroc which is contributing a lot to control HIV epidemic. Hence, this chemokine system can provide new, exciting and useful targets for developing new drugs for the treatment of various diseases. In this review chemokine structure, their receptors and their role in various diseases are highlighted along with strategies to inhibit chemokines. Medline, medscape, EMBASE, Cochrane database, Scopus and clinicaltrials.gov were searched using terms like “chemokine”, “chemokine receptors” and “chemokine blockers”. Journal articles describing che...

JMS SKIMS

Current approaches to treatment of diabetes have many drawbacks. Most of the oral hypoglycemic dr... more Current approaches to treatment of diabetes have many drawbacks. Most of the oral hypoglycemic drugs target the insulin secretion and action. Sodium Glucose co transporters (SGLT)-2 inhibitors are a recent addition to antihyperglycemic drugs that act by reducing glucose reabsorption from the renal filtrate so that bulk of glucose is excreted in the urine. Dapagliflozin, the first in this new class of drugs, is a SGLT2 inhibitor. It causes loss in body weight and is not associated with major hypoglycemic events.Dapagliflozin is currently in advanced development for use alone or in combination with other hypoglycemic agents. Concerns regarding increased cancer risk have delayed the Food and Drug Authority (FDA) approval of this drug. SGLT2 inhibitors represent a major dvancement in management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as they have shifted the focus onto kidney and act independent of insulin. JMS 2011;14(2):43-45

Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, 2015

Overactive bladder (OAB), an under-diagnosed and under-treated condition, is a symptom complex ch... more Overactive bladder (OAB), an under-diagnosed and under-treated condition, is a symptom complex characterized by urinary urgency, with or without urinary incontinence. Although antimuscarinic agents are the established first-line pharmacological treatment, insufficient efficacy, resistance and adverse effects such as dry mouth, constipation and dysuria have created the need for better drugs. Mirabegron, an oral beta-3-adrenergic agonist and first in a new class of drugs, has been recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to treat adults with OAB with symptoms of urge urinary incontinence, urgency and urinary frequency. By relaxing the detrusor muscle during the filling phase, mirabegron increases the storage capacity of the bladder and lengthens the interval between voiding. It does not affect bladder contraction or residual urine volume. In clinical trials, mirabegron significantly reduced the mean number of daily incontinence episodes as well as the mean number of micturitions per 24 h as compared with placebo. The most common side-effects are nasopharyngitis, urinary tract infections and headache. By exploiting a novel target, mirabegron represents a new therapeutic approach to OAB treatment with a distinct mechanism of action and gives a new hope to patients with significantly impaired quality of life due to OAB who are unable to tolerate antimuscarinic agents and who show insufficient effect from antimuscarinics.

Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research, Mar 16, 2013

A lethal autosomal recessive genetic disease, cystic fibrosis (CF) is most common in Caucasians a... more A lethal autosomal recessive genetic disease, cystic fibrosis (CF) is most common in Caucasians and the prevalence varies with the ethnic origin of the population. Patients with CF lack adequate levels of the CF transmembrane conductance receptor (CFTR) protein, a chloride channel necessary for normal function of the lung, pancreas, liver and other organs. Nonsense (premature stop codon) mutations in mRNA for the CFTR cause CF in approximately 10% of patients. Ataluren, a protein restoration therapy, is designed to promote the translational read-through of premature stop codons that helps to overcome the nonsense mutation and enable the production of a full-length, functional CFTR protein. Insertion of a near cognate amino acid at a premature stop codon allows the protein translation to continue until one of the several stop codons normally present at the ends of mRNA transcript is reached and properly utilized. It is a “corrector” drug specific for type I mutation defects. Ataluren is a novel, orally bioavailable drug that addresses the molecular basis of the disease. Phase III Clinical trials have shown it to be efficacious and well tolerated. It represents a breakthrough in the pharmacological advances for a rare genetic disease. KEYWORDS: ataluren, non sense mutation, read-through

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, Sep 6, 2013

Introduction: Though self-medication with antibiotics (SMA) is a potential contributor to resista... more Introduction: Though self-medication with antibiotics (SMA) is a potential contributor to resistance among pathogenic organisms to antibiotics, very few studies have evaluated pattern and prevalence of SMA among dental students. Objective: The study was conducted to compare features of practice of SMA among second year undergraduate dental students and BDS students pursuing internship (interns) of a North Indian dental college. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, anonymous, descriptive study with a six-month illness recall. Dental undergraduate students were administered a questionnaire consisting of both open and close-ended questions regarding various aspects of self-medication with antibiotics. The students were categorized into two groups for the comparative study. Group 1 comprised BDS second year students who were unexposed to pharmacology subject and Group 2 comprised interns possessing a sound knowledge of pharmacology. Written informed consent was taken from all the participants. Comparison between the two groups was done by chi-square test. Results: A total of 150 respondents participated in the study. 51.3% (n=39) students in group1 and 74.3% (n=55) students in group 2 had selfmedicated in the last six months, the antibiotics most commonly used being amoxicillin (53.8%vs.29.1)and azithromycin (34.5%vs.28.2%).The most common indications for SMA included common-cold, cough and sore throat, fever and diarrhea. Most of the respondents procured antibiotics from pharmacies (68.4% vs.85.1%) after consulting previous prescription or parents. Conclusion: SMA was significantly higher and inappropriate in the senior dental undergraduate cohort compared to the junior cohort, calling for effective interventional strategies to promote rational use of antibiotics.

Malaria is holoendemic in India, claiming thousands of deaths annually. Recent data suggests that... more Malaria is holoendemic in India, claiming thousands of deaths annually. Recent data suggests that the burden of malaria, the most significant parasitic disease in the world, is increasing. India's expansive geography and diverse climate supports ideal environment for sustaining malarial parasites and their vectors. The National Drug Policy of India recommends artemisinin based combination treatment for the management of malaria. Although the use of Artemisinin has strengthened global efforts to combat malaria, multi-drug resistance has increasingly become a major impediment to malaria control. The complete clearance of parasites is dependent on the partner drug in the combination being effective and also persisting at parasiticidal concentrations until most of the infecting parasites have been killed. Arterolane maleate (150mg) and piperaquine phosphate (750mg) combination is a novel antimalarial combination that is not based on artemisinin. This combination provides rapid clear...

Anaemia associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects the overall health of the patients l... more Anaemia associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects the overall health of the patients leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Erythropoietin stimulating agents (ESAs) have been the standard of care for the treatment of such patients since last 20 years. These agents have the potential to increase mean haemoglobin levels in both pre dialysis and dialysis maintenance phases hence lowering the cardiovascular complications and all-cause mortality. After epoetin and darbepoetin, Peginesatide, a novel pegylated erythropoietin (EPO) mimetic agent has recently been approved in March, 2012. Its better stability, once a month administration and non-immunogenicity makes this a preferable ESA. This review will elucidate the available evidence on efficacy and safety of this drug after analyzing various studies conducted in patients with renal anaemia. Searches of Pubmed, Cochrane database, Medscape, Google and clinicaltrial.org were made for terms like peginesatide, CKD, ESA and ...

Diabetes is usually a lifelong (chronic) disease in which there are high levels of sugar in the b... more Diabetes is usually a lifelong (chronic) disease in which there are high levels of sugar in the blood. Diabetes, often referred to by doctors as diabetes mellitus, describes a group of metabolic diseases in which the person has high blood glucose (blood sugar), either because insulin production is inadequate, or because the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin, or both. Patients with high blood sugar will typically experience polyuria (frequent urination); they will become increasingly thirsty (polydipsia) and hungry (polyphagia). Insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas helps in the control of blood sugar. While Diabetes can be caused by too little insulin, resistance to insulin or both, its treatment becomes mandatory for patients as a large part of the Indian population is gradually being detected with high blood sugar. Stem cells are mother cells that have the potential to become any type of cell in the body. One of the main characteristics of stem cells is the...

SRM Journal of Research in Dental Sciences, 2013

Background: Career choice is one of the most important and critical decisions in a student's ... more Background: Career choice is one of the most important and critical decisions in a student's life. Educators and admission committees are also interested in researching the factors that affect a student's decision to opt for dentistry. Objectives: To identify dental interns' motivation for studying dentistry and to study their future aspirations after graduation. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive survey. A detailed, anonymous, structured questionnaire to assess motivating factors for joining dentistry as a profession was administered to the study group of 78 dental undergraduate students undergoing internship (interns). The questionnaire consisted of sections on demographic details, motivational factors, and career choice items. Data was analyzed using counts and percentages and ranking of motivating factors was based on calculation of mean and standard deviation. Results: The response rate was 94%. Majority of the respondents were females (80%). The most popular reasons for choosing dentistry as a career were family advice, prestige and social status, interest in medical sciences and altruistic motives. The majority of the students planned to do postgraduation (35.1%) or practice dentistry (18.9%) after graduation. The dental students had a positive attitude towards the dental profession. Conclusion: The motives for joining dentistry were primarily related to personal factors. The students took responsibility for their career choice and parents' approval played a major role. Majority of the students planned to pursue a postgraduation degree after completing graduation and few were inclined to be employed in public or private sector.

Journal of Research in Medical Education & Ethics, 2012

Clostridium difficile (C.difficile) is the major cause of antibiotic associated pseudomembranous ... more Clostridium difficile (C.difficile) is the major cause of antibiotic associated pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) and has surpassed Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus to become the leading cause of nosocomial infections. The management of PMC involves stopping the causative agent but recurrence is a major problem. Currently, vancomycin and metronidazole are the mainstay of treatment but a recurrence rate of 25–30% after their use has been reported. Moreover, hypervirulent strains, reduced susceptibility and resistance to metronidazole further complicate the treatment. Fidaxomicin is a narrow spectrum macrocyclic antibiotic recently approved by FDA for treatment of Clostridium difficile infections. Comparative Phase 3 trials with vancomycin showed fidaxomicin to be equal to vancomycin in terms of achieving clinical cure rates but superior in terms of having lower recurrence rates and global cure rates. Lower recurrence is attributed to preservation of normal microflora by fidaxomicin. Most common side effects are gastrointestinal (GI) disorders and general disorders. Safety and efficacy of fidaxomicin prove it to be a welcome addition to existing armamentarium to combat Clostridium difficile.

Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences, 2013

More than a million women are diagnosed with breast cancer annually worldwide. Death from breast ... more More than a million women are diagnosed with breast cancer annually worldwide. Death from breast cancer is usually a result of chemotherapy-resistant metastatic disease. Eribulin mesylate is a recent addition to the therapeutic armamentarium for treating locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in patients who have received at least two prior chemotherapy regimens for late-stage disease. This synthetic analog, derived from a marine sponge macrolide halichondrin B, inhibits microtubule stability by blocking microtubule growth without affecting microtubule shortening. The US Food and Drug Administration has approved eribulin mesylate as a third-line treatment for MBC refractory to anthracyclines and taxanes based on a Phase III clinical trial showing significantly increased overall survival compared to treatment of investigator's. Asthenia, fatigue, neutropenia, alopecia, nausea, anorexia, and neuropathy are the most frequent adverse effects associated with this drug. The aim of this review was to highlight the importance of this drug in the management of breast cancer. Medline, Excerpta Medica database, cochrane database, medscape, Elsevier Scopus, and clinicaltrials.gov were searched using terms "eribulin," "E7389," "halichondrin," "metastatic breast cancer." Journal articles published from 2007 to 2012 discussing pharmacology and/or clinical trials were screened. The development of this microtubule inhibitor helps to address the need for additional effective regimens for patients progressing after standard treatment with anthracycline-and taxane-containing regimens.

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 2012

International journal of applied & basic medical research, 2012

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) plays an important role in water and sodium homeostasis. It acts via t... more Arginine vasopressin (AVP) plays an important role in water and sodium homeostasis. It acts via three receptor subtypes-V1a, V1b, and V2-distributed widely throughout the body. Vaptans are nonpeptide vasopressin receptor antagonists (VRA). By property of aquaresis, VRAs offer a novel therapy of water retention. Conivaptan is a V1a/V2 nonselective VRA approved for euvolemic and hypervolemic hyponatremia. Tolvaptan is the first oral VRA. Other potential uses of this new class of drugs include congestive heart failure (CHF), cirrhosis of liver, syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, polycystic kidney disease, and so on. These novel drugs score over diuretics as they are not associated with electrolyte abnormalities. Though much remains to be elucidated before the VRAs are applied clinically, the future holds much promise.

Journal of Research in Medical Education & Ethics, 2011

Journal of Young Pharmacists, 2014

Objective: To explore the knowledge, attitudes and practice of pharmacists about medication dispo... more Objective: To explore the knowledge, attitudes and practice of pharmacists about medication disposal and their awareness about potential environmental effects of inappropriate drug disposal. Materials and Methods: A prevalidated, structured questionnaire with both open-and close-ended questions was distributed to a random cohort of 150 pharmacists of an urban town of North India.The questionnaire assessed disposal of leftover and expired drugs by pharmacists and their knowledge of drug disposal by the distributors. The awareness of the correct method of drug disposal, ways to minimize the pharmaceutical waste and extent of dissemination of information about drug disposal to patients was also evaluated. Results: The response rate was 56%. Although majority of the pharmacies have a system to dispose expired and leftover drugs, the knowledge about disposal was found to be incomplete. Most of the leftover drugs belonging to different dosage forms were returned to the distributor. One-third pharmacists did not know the correct method to dispose drugs. Majority of them did not advise patients about disposal of unused drugs. Only 58% believed that improper drug disposal is intimately connected to environmental pollution. Conclusion: Pharmacists have new roles and responsibilities to function as collaborative members of healthcare team by disseminating information about correct ways to dispose unused drugs.