Surya Shah - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Surya Shah

Research paper thumbnail of Hand Oedema: Pathophysiology and Treatment

Research paper thumbnail of Teacher stress and coping strategies to reduce stress

Occupational Therapy International

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Letter to the Editor

Research paper thumbnail of Wrist Splint for Upper Motor Neuron Paralysis

Research paper thumbnail of Issues in the measurement of hand oedema

Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 1998

... Michelle Palmada, Surya Shah and Kathryn O'Hare ... The circumferential meth... more ... Michelle Palmada, Surya Shah and Kathryn O'Hare ... The circumferential method, however, is unrelabile because of poor inter-rater reliability (Greenhill, 1979), normal shape irregularity and asymmetry between the arms, with the dominant hand being regarded as gen-erally 15 ...

Research paper thumbnail of In Praise of the Biometric and Psychometric Qualities of the Barthel Index

Research paper thumbnail of Teacher stress and coping strategies used to reduce stress

Occupational Therapy International, 2005

This pilot study investigated teachers' symptoms of stress and their coping strategies. Measureme... more This pilot study investigated teachers' symptoms of stress and their coping strategies. Measurements of 'stress levels' and 'coping strategies' used were acquired by constructing a questionnaire made up of four individual standardized questionnaires. The data were analysed by a series of correlational analyses that highlighted significant relationships between ways of coping and levels of distress. Differences between the stress-related areas were measured using the Friedman test and Wilcoxon signed rank test for hierarchy. The findings implied that 'escape avoidance', 'accepting responsibility' and 'uncontrolled aggression' were used as negative coping strategies and only one strategy, 'exercise', was indicated to be an effective way of coping. The teachers' strategies were examined for similarities and differences with those recommended by occupational therapists. This pilot study was limited to two schools and it is recommended that it be extended to better generalize the results. Furthermore, ways of coping, as measured by psychological measures, do not seem to reduce stress so it is possible that the activity-based Stress Management Questionnaire, as advocated by , might be more advantageous.

Research paper thumbnail of Comment on “Characteristics and correlates of rehabilitation charges during inpatient traumatic brain injury rehabilitation in Singapore”

Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of Current concepts and controversies in stroke recovery: rehabilitation implications

The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 1998

... unaffected extremity which offer little or no resistance and thus take the full share when ha... more ... unaffected extremity which offer little or no resistance and thus take the full share when hands are linked together in some way (Shah 1982 ... There is now a general consensus that sensorimotor recov-ery can be predicted within 2 weeks in moderate cases and 5 weeks in severe ...

Research paper thumbnail of Letter to the editor

Clinical Rehabilitation, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of A Comparative Study on the Immediate Effects of Hand Orthoses on Reducation of Hypertonus

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 2010

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of The introduction of casemix across Australia: Implementation issues for occupational therapists

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 2010

... A prospective, population based, multi-institutional study by Shah and Cooper (1991) showed t... more ... A prospective, population based, multi-institutional study by Shah and Cooper (1991) showed that documenta-Susan Williams BOccThy(Hons); Research Associate. Surya Shah MEd, OTD, OTR; Associate Professor. ... Casualties of Casemix. Australian Medi-cine, April, 13-14. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Standardized funtional Assement Scales for Elderly Patients

Research paper thumbnail of The Utility of the Modified Barthel Index for Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation and Prognosis

The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 2000

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the commonest cause of death in people under 40 years of age (Lyl... more Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the commonest cause of death in people under 40 years of age (Lyle et al 1990). There is 1:370 chance of incurring brain damage from road accidents alone. Rehabilitation after TBI is labour-intensive, expensive and a lifelong process. As a ...

Research paper thumbnail of Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration of Organic Dyes

Separation Science and Technology, 2013

ABSTRACT At a critical micelle concentration, surfactant micelles attract oppositely charged meta... more ABSTRACT At a critical micelle concentration, surfactant micelles attract oppositely charged metal ions on their surface by columbic force and organic dyes can be entrapped by the micellar core via hydrophobic-hydrophobic interaction. Methylene Blue (MB) and Reactive Black 5 (RB5) dyes were removed by ultrafiltration with the help of oppositely charged surfactants SDS and CTAB. Simultaneous separation of Alizarin Red S (ARS) and zinc ions was accomplished by chelation and micellization. Thermodynamics of micellar enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) was discussed and the separation performance of the process measured in terms of rejection percentage and permeate flux were evaluated by using the membranes of variable pore sizes.

Research paper thumbnail of Thermodynamics of Surfactant Micellization in Presence of Benzamide Derivatives

Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2011

Aggregations of cationic CTAB and anionic SDS surfactants induced by constant concentrations of N... more Aggregations of cationic CTAB and anionic SDS surfactants induced by constant concentrations of N-m-tolylbenzamide (NTB) and N-(4-methoxyphenyl) benzamide (MPB) additives in aqueous solution were investigated by measuring their conductance as a function of surfactant concentration below and above their critical micelle concentration (CMC) at a temperature range of 25 to 50 C. Aggregations took place at surfactant concentrations far below their normal CMC in presence of additives. Rapid micellization in aqueous solution is the result of both hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions. The effect of additives on surfactants CMC and thermodynamics parameters ðDG m DH m DS m Þ of micellization were determined in this study.

Research paper thumbnail of Application of Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration for the Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution

Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2011

Micellar enhanced ultrafiltration technique was employed to remove the methylene blue from the aq... more Micellar enhanced ultrafiltration technique was employed to remove the methylene blue from the aqueous solution. Sodium dodecyl sulfate and regenerated cellulose membrane was used to retain dye from the aqueous stream in stirred ultrafiltration cell. Rejection percentage increases from 75% to 99% with increase in surfactant concentration. Permeate flux remained almost constant throughout the experiment indicating there was no membrane plugging or concentration polarization. Ultrafiltration study was also helpful to determine the important parameters such as distribution coefficient, micelle loading and binding constant for the characterization of micellar solutions and their extraction studies.

Research paper thumbnail of UV-Visible Spectrometric Study and Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration of Alizarin Red S Dye

Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2011

Ultraviolet spectrometric study of alizarin red S (ARS) showed the substantial change in dye spec... more Ultraviolet spectrometric study of alizarin red S (ARS) showed the substantial change in dye spectra by cationic CTAB as compared to anionic SDS and nonionic TX-100 surfactant. High spectral change by CTAB confirms the anionic nature of ARS dye and thus ARS-CTAB complex formation takes place due to electrostatic force of attraction. A little spectral change by SDS is the result of similarly charged repulsive forces that overcome weak hydrophobic-hydrophobic interaction between dye and surfactant micelles. TX-100 exhibited moderate spectral effect responsive to weak hydrophobic-hydrophobic interaction alone. MEUF study of ARS dye justified the spectral changes and dye rejection percentage (R) decreases in the following order: cationic > nonionic > anionic surfactant. Permeate flux (J) slightly decreases in presence of CTAB and it remains virtually constant for both SDS and TX-100. Addition of copper salt (i.e., CuCl 2 ) in dye-CTAB complex solution, favors rejection (%) removing dye and copper simultaneously via micellar enhanced ultrafiltration.

Research paper thumbnail of Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration of Reactive Black 5 from Aqueous Solution by Cationic Surfactants

Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2011

Reactive black 5 (RB-5) dye was removed from a water stream using two cationic surfactants, cetyl... more Reactive black 5 (RB-5) dye was removed from a water stream using two cationic surfactants, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), via micellar enhanced ultrafiltration. Three membranes with different pore size were used for the determination of rejection coefficient and permeate flux of the solution at 1.5 bar trans-membrane pressure (TMP). The two surfactants (CPC and CTAB) played an almost negligible role in rejection efficiency with 5000 and 10,000 molecular weight cut-off membrane (MWCO), respectively. In this case, high rejection and low permeate flux was the result of a larger molecular size of RB-5 DYE being retained by comparatively smaller sized pores of membrane via ultrafiltration. However, CPC and CTAB surfactants showed 83% and 98% rejection coefficient, respectively, at a concentration greater than their CMC values against 30,000 MWCO. Permeate flux remained low and constant in presence of 5000 and 10,000 MWCO with a small variation against 30,000 MWCO for the two surfactants, thereby no appreciable effect on both surfactant concentrations on concentration polarization was estimated. Thus, RB-5 dye alone was determined to be responsible for membrane plugging or concentration polarization and ultimately for low permeate flux. The effect of trans-membrane pressure was also investigated during this study.

Research paper thumbnail of Improving the sensitivity of the Barthel Index for stroke rehabilitation

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 1989

The Barthel Index is considered to be the best of the ADL measurement scales. However, there are ... more The Barthel Index is considered to be the best of the ADL measurement scales. However, there are some scales that are more sensitive to small changes in functional independence than the Barthel Index. The sensitivity of the Barthel Index can be improved by expanding the number of categories used to record improvement in each ADL function. Suggested changes to the scoring of the Barthel Index, and guidelines for determining the level of independence are presented. These modifications and guidelines were applied in the assessment of 258 first stroke patients referred for inpatient comprehensive rehabilitation in Brisbane, Australia during 1984 calendar year. The modified scoring of the Barthel Index achieved greater sensitivity and improved reliability than the original version, without causing additional difllculty or affecting the implementation time. The internal consistency reliability coe.tIicient for the modified scoring of the Barthel Index was 0.90, compared to 0.87 for the original scoring.

Research paper thumbnail of Hand Oedema: Pathophysiology and Treatment

Research paper thumbnail of Teacher stress and coping strategies to reduce stress

Occupational Therapy International

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Letter to the Editor

Research paper thumbnail of Wrist Splint for Upper Motor Neuron Paralysis

Research paper thumbnail of Issues in the measurement of hand oedema

Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 1998

... Michelle Palmada, Surya Shah and Kathryn O'Hare ... The circumferential meth... more ... Michelle Palmada, Surya Shah and Kathryn O'Hare ... The circumferential method, however, is unrelabile because of poor inter-rater reliability (Greenhill, 1979), normal shape irregularity and asymmetry between the arms, with the dominant hand being regarded as gen-erally 15 ...

Research paper thumbnail of In Praise of the Biometric and Psychometric Qualities of the Barthel Index

Research paper thumbnail of Teacher stress and coping strategies used to reduce stress

Occupational Therapy International, 2005

This pilot study investigated teachers' symptoms of stress and their coping strategies. Measureme... more This pilot study investigated teachers' symptoms of stress and their coping strategies. Measurements of 'stress levels' and 'coping strategies' used were acquired by constructing a questionnaire made up of four individual standardized questionnaires. The data were analysed by a series of correlational analyses that highlighted significant relationships between ways of coping and levels of distress. Differences between the stress-related areas were measured using the Friedman test and Wilcoxon signed rank test for hierarchy. The findings implied that 'escape avoidance', 'accepting responsibility' and 'uncontrolled aggression' were used as negative coping strategies and only one strategy, 'exercise', was indicated to be an effective way of coping. The teachers' strategies were examined for similarities and differences with those recommended by occupational therapists. This pilot study was limited to two schools and it is recommended that it be extended to better generalize the results. Furthermore, ways of coping, as measured by psychological measures, do not seem to reduce stress so it is possible that the activity-based Stress Management Questionnaire, as advocated by , might be more advantageous.

Research paper thumbnail of Comment on “Characteristics and correlates of rehabilitation charges during inpatient traumatic brain injury rehabilitation in Singapore”

Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of Current concepts and controversies in stroke recovery: rehabilitation implications

The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 1998

... unaffected extremity which offer little or no resistance and thus take the full share when ha... more ... unaffected extremity which offer little or no resistance and thus take the full share when hands are linked together in some way (Shah 1982 ... There is now a general consensus that sensorimotor recov-ery can be predicted within 2 weeks in moderate cases and 5 weeks in severe ...

Research paper thumbnail of Letter to the editor

Clinical Rehabilitation, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of A Comparative Study on the Immediate Effects of Hand Orthoses on Reducation of Hypertonus

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 2010

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of The introduction of casemix across Australia: Implementation issues for occupational therapists

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 2010

... A prospective, population based, multi-institutional study by Shah and Cooper (1991) showed t... more ... A prospective, population based, multi-institutional study by Shah and Cooper (1991) showed that documenta-Susan Williams BOccThy(Hons); Research Associate. Surya Shah MEd, OTD, OTR; Associate Professor. ... Casualties of Casemix. Australian Medi-cine, April, 13-14. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Standardized funtional Assement Scales for Elderly Patients

Research paper thumbnail of The Utility of the Modified Barthel Index for Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation and Prognosis

The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 2000

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the commonest cause of death in people under 40 years of age (Lyl... more Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the commonest cause of death in people under 40 years of age (Lyle et al 1990). There is 1:370 chance of incurring brain damage from road accidents alone. Rehabilitation after TBI is labour-intensive, expensive and a lifelong process. As a ...

Research paper thumbnail of Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration of Organic Dyes

Separation Science and Technology, 2013

ABSTRACT At a critical micelle concentration, surfactant micelles attract oppositely charged meta... more ABSTRACT At a critical micelle concentration, surfactant micelles attract oppositely charged metal ions on their surface by columbic force and organic dyes can be entrapped by the micellar core via hydrophobic-hydrophobic interaction. Methylene Blue (MB) and Reactive Black 5 (RB5) dyes were removed by ultrafiltration with the help of oppositely charged surfactants SDS and CTAB. Simultaneous separation of Alizarin Red S (ARS) and zinc ions was accomplished by chelation and micellization. Thermodynamics of micellar enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) was discussed and the separation performance of the process measured in terms of rejection percentage and permeate flux were evaluated by using the membranes of variable pore sizes.

Research paper thumbnail of Thermodynamics of Surfactant Micellization in Presence of Benzamide Derivatives

Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2011

Aggregations of cationic CTAB and anionic SDS surfactants induced by constant concentrations of N... more Aggregations of cationic CTAB and anionic SDS surfactants induced by constant concentrations of N-m-tolylbenzamide (NTB) and N-(4-methoxyphenyl) benzamide (MPB) additives in aqueous solution were investigated by measuring their conductance as a function of surfactant concentration below and above their critical micelle concentration (CMC) at a temperature range of 25 to 50 C. Aggregations took place at surfactant concentrations far below their normal CMC in presence of additives. Rapid micellization in aqueous solution is the result of both hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions. The effect of additives on surfactants CMC and thermodynamics parameters ðDG m DH m DS m Þ of micellization were determined in this study.

Research paper thumbnail of Application of Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration for the Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution

Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2011

Micellar enhanced ultrafiltration technique was employed to remove the methylene blue from the aq... more Micellar enhanced ultrafiltration technique was employed to remove the methylene blue from the aqueous solution. Sodium dodecyl sulfate and regenerated cellulose membrane was used to retain dye from the aqueous stream in stirred ultrafiltration cell. Rejection percentage increases from 75% to 99% with increase in surfactant concentration. Permeate flux remained almost constant throughout the experiment indicating there was no membrane plugging or concentration polarization. Ultrafiltration study was also helpful to determine the important parameters such as distribution coefficient, micelle loading and binding constant for the characterization of micellar solutions and their extraction studies.

Research paper thumbnail of UV-Visible Spectrometric Study and Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration of Alizarin Red S Dye

Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2011

Ultraviolet spectrometric study of alizarin red S (ARS) showed the substantial change in dye spec... more Ultraviolet spectrometric study of alizarin red S (ARS) showed the substantial change in dye spectra by cationic CTAB as compared to anionic SDS and nonionic TX-100 surfactant. High spectral change by CTAB confirms the anionic nature of ARS dye and thus ARS-CTAB complex formation takes place due to electrostatic force of attraction. A little spectral change by SDS is the result of similarly charged repulsive forces that overcome weak hydrophobic-hydrophobic interaction between dye and surfactant micelles. TX-100 exhibited moderate spectral effect responsive to weak hydrophobic-hydrophobic interaction alone. MEUF study of ARS dye justified the spectral changes and dye rejection percentage (R) decreases in the following order: cationic > nonionic > anionic surfactant. Permeate flux (J) slightly decreases in presence of CTAB and it remains virtually constant for both SDS and TX-100. Addition of copper salt (i.e., CuCl 2 ) in dye-CTAB complex solution, favors rejection (%) removing dye and copper simultaneously via micellar enhanced ultrafiltration.

Research paper thumbnail of Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration of Reactive Black 5 from Aqueous Solution by Cationic Surfactants

Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2011

Reactive black 5 (RB-5) dye was removed from a water stream using two cationic surfactants, cetyl... more Reactive black 5 (RB-5) dye was removed from a water stream using two cationic surfactants, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), via micellar enhanced ultrafiltration. Three membranes with different pore size were used for the determination of rejection coefficient and permeate flux of the solution at 1.5 bar trans-membrane pressure (TMP). The two surfactants (CPC and CTAB) played an almost negligible role in rejection efficiency with 5000 and 10,000 molecular weight cut-off membrane (MWCO), respectively. In this case, high rejection and low permeate flux was the result of a larger molecular size of RB-5 DYE being retained by comparatively smaller sized pores of membrane via ultrafiltration. However, CPC and CTAB surfactants showed 83% and 98% rejection coefficient, respectively, at a concentration greater than their CMC values against 30,000 MWCO. Permeate flux remained low and constant in presence of 5000 and 10,000 MWCO with a small variation against 30,000 MWCO for the two surfactants, thereby no appreciable effect on both surfactant concentrations on concentration polarization was estimated. Thus, RB-5 dye alone was determined to be responsible for membrane plugging or concentration polarization and ultimately for low permeate flux. The effect of trans-membrane pressure was also investigated during this study.

Research paper thumbnail of Improving the sensitivity of the Barthel Index for stroke rehabilitation

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 1989

The Barthel Index is considered to be the best of the ADL measurement scales. However, there are ... more The Barthel Index is considered to be the best of the ADL measurement scales. However, there are some scales that are more sensitive to small changes in functional independence than the Barthel Index. The sensitivity of the Barthel Index can be improved by expanding the number of categories used to record improvement in each ADL function. Suggested changes to the scoring of the Barthel Index, and guidelines for determining the level of independence are presented. These modifications and guidelines were applied in the assessment of 258 first stroke patients referred for inpatient comprehensive rehabilitation in Brisbane, Australia during 1984 calendar year. The modified scoring of the Barthel Index achieved greater sensitivity and improved reliability than the original version, without causing additional difllculty or affecting the implementation time. The internal consistency reliability coe.tIicient for the modified scoring of the Barthel Index was 0.90, compared to 0.87 for the original scoring.