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Papers by Susan Gourvenec

Research paper thumbnail of Drum centrifuge tests of surface and embedded footings on sand

Physical Modelling in Geotechnics, 2006

Research paper thumbnail of Experimental Investigation of the Undrained Response of a Shallow Skirted Foundation Subjected to Vertical Compression and Uplift

Volume 7: CFD and VIV; Offshore Geotechnics, 2011

ABSTRACT There is current uncertainty regarding the transient uplift capacity of skirted foundati... more ABSTRACT There is current uncertainty regarding the transient uplift capacity of skirted foundations, relative to compressive capacity, and also the time over which uplift can be sustained. In this paper, the first of these issues is addressed through half and full model tests conducted at 200g in a drum centrifuge. Undrained vertical bearing capacities in compression and uplift were measured in the full model tests, while the failure mechanisms were examined using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) analysis of the images captured during half model tests, aiding interpretation of the measured bearing responses. The study showed that a reverse end bearing mechanism can be mobilized in uplift and that undrained vertical bearing capacity factors of similar magnitude can be expected in compression and uplift, even for a foundation with relatively shallow embedment. The results are promising for optimizing shallow skirted foundation design for a range of offshore structures that experience transient uplift loading.

Research paper thumbnail of A numerical study of the vertical bearing capacity of skirted foundations

Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics II, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Optimal skirt spacing for subsea mudmats under loading in six degrees of freedom

Applied Ocean Research, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Undrained Vertical Bearing Capacity Factors for Ring Shallow Footings

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of A method for predicting the consolidated undrained bearing capacity of shallow foundations

Geotechnique, Mar 1, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Undrained bearing capacity of deeply embedded foundations under general loading

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of gapping on the uplift resistance of shallow skirted foundations in clay under transient and sustained loading

Soils and Foundations Tokyo, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of gapping on the uplift resistance of a shallow skirted foundation

Research paper thumbnail of Offshore Geotechnical Engineering

ABSTRACT Design practice in offshore geotechnical engineering has grown out of onshore practice, ... more ABSTRACT Design practice in offshore geotechnical engineering has grown out of onshore practice, but the two application areas have tended to diverge over the last 30 years, driven partly by the scale of the foundation and anchoring elements used offshore, and partly by fundamental differences in construction and installation techniques. As a consequence offshore geotechnical engineering has grown as a speciality. The structure here follows a pattern that mimics the flow of a typical offshore project. In the early chapters, it provides a brief overview of the marine environment, offshore site investigation techniques and interpretation of soil behaviour. It proceeds to cover geotechnical design of piled foundations, shallow foundations and anchoring systems. Three topics are then covered which require a more multi-disciplinary approach: the design of mobile drilling rigs, pipelines, and geohazards. This title serves as a framework for undergraduate and postgraduate courses, and will appeal to professional engineers specialising in the offshore industry.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Gapping on the Transient and Sustained Uplift Capacity of a Shallow Skirted Foundation in Clay

Soils and Foundations, 2010

... Auteur(s) / Author(s). ACOSTA-MARTINEZ Hugo E. (1) ; GOURVENEC Susan M. (2) ; RANDOLPH Mark F... more ... Auteur(s) / Author(s). ACOSTA-MARTINEZ Hugo E. (1) ; GOURVENEC Susan M. (2) ; RANDOLPH Mark F. ; Affiliation(s) du ou des auteurs / Author(s) Affiliation(s). ... Clay. ; Shallow foundations. ; Mots-clés français / French Keywords. Soulèvement sol. ; Déplacement. ; ...

Research paper thumbnail of Critical Skirt Spacing for Shallow Foundations under General Loading

Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Aug 1, 2013

ABSTRACT Finite-element limit analysis is used to identify the critical internal skirt spacing fo... more ABSTRACT Finite-element limit analysis is used to identify the critical internal skirt spacing for the undrained failure of shallow skirted foundations under conditions of plane strain based on the criterion that the confined soil plug should ideally displace as a rigid block, such that optimal bearing capacity is realized. General loading (vertical, horizontal, and moment) is considered for foundations with skirt embedments ranging from 5 to 50% of the foundation breadth in soil having either uniform strength or strength proportional to depth. The results explicitly identify the number of internal skirts required to ensure soil plug rigidity under arbitrary combinations of horizontal and moment loading expressed as a function of the normalized skirt embedment and the maximum expected level of vertical loading as a fraction of the ultimate vertical bearing capacity. It is shown that fewer internal skirts are required with increasing normalized foundation embedment, butmore internal skirts are required with increasing soil strength heterogeneity. The results also indicate the potential for a significant reduction in capacity if insufficient skirts are provided, such that plastic deformation is permitted to occur within the soil plug.

Research paper thumbnail of Observations of shallow skirted foundations under transient and sustained uplift

Research paper thumbnail of Large-Deformation Numerical Modeling of Short-Term Compression and Uplift Capacity of Offshore Shallow Foundations

Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Mar 1, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Centrifuge modelling of circular shallow foundations on sand

International Journal of Physical Modelling in Geotechnics, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics 1

Research paper thumbnail of Centrifuge Model Testing Of Skirted Foundations For Offshore Oil And Gas Facilities

Research paper thumbnail of Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics 2

Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics II comprises the Proceedings of the Second International Sympos... more Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics II comprises the Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics (ISFOG), organised by the Centre for Offshore Foundation Systems (COFS) and held at the University of Western Australia (UWA), Perth from 8 – 10 November 2010. The volume addresses current and emerging challenges facing those working in offshore geotechnics, spanning construction, design and research. Keynote papers with authors from industry and academia describe the state-of-the-art of practice and theory. A further 117 peer-reviewed papers describe emerging research, new design techniques and recent case studies related to the frontiers of offshore geotechnical engineering. The themes of the papers include geohazards, gas hydrates, in situ site characterisation and pore pressure measurement, site investigation, soil characterisation, foundations for renewable energy, shallow foundations, jack-up units, piled foundations, anchoring systems, pipe...

Research paper thumbnail of Consolidated undrained load-carrying capacity of subsea mudmats under combined loading in six degrees of freedom

Géotechnique

A generalised framework is presented for predicting the consolidated undrained capacity of rectan... more A generalised framework is presented for predicting the consolidated undrained capacity of rectangular mat foundations on normally consolidated soft clay under combined loading in six degrees of freedom as a function of relative preload and degree of consolidation. Consolidated undrained response is investigated by coupled small-strain finite-element analysis using the modified Cam Clay plasticity constitutive model. Increases in the load-carrying capacity of a foundation under combined loading in six degrees of freedom following vertical preload with subsequent consolidation are demonstrated and quantified. The results are presented as failure envelopes in multi-directional load space and are shown to expand proportionally as a function of degree of consolidation for a given relative preload. A methodology and a set of expressions are provided to predict the shape and size of failure envelopes for rectangular mat foundations for any degree of preloading and consolidation.

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of drainage on the response of a sliding foundation

This paper investigates the effects of drainage on the performance of a sliding foundation as sup... more This paper investigates the effects of drainage on the performance of a sliding foundation as support to subsea pipeline infrastructure. A centrifuge test involving a sliding foundation on soft clay submitted to cycles of periodic monotonic undrained and drained sliding is presented. The results highlight the rise in sliding resistance under undrained conditions through cycles of sliding and intervening consolidation. The undrained resistance converges towards the drained value. Slow drained cycles encounter additional shearing resistance mobilised by ploughing of a drained soil berm ahead of the foundation.

Research paper thumbnail of Drum centrifuge tests of surface and embedded footings on sand

Physical Modelling in Geotechnics, 2006

Research paper thumbnail of Experimental Investigation of the Undrained Response of a Shallow Skirted Foundation Subjected to Vertical Compression and Uplift

Volume 7: CFD and VIV; Offshore Geotechnics, 2011

ABSTRACT There is current uncertainty regarding the transient uplift capacity of skirted foundati... more ABSTRACT There is current uncertainty regarding the transient uplift capacity of skirted foundations, relative to compressive capacity, and also the time over which uplift can be sustained. In this paper, the first of these issues is addressed through half and full model tests conducted at 200g in a drum centrifuge. Undrained vertical bearing capacities in compression and uplift were measured in the full model tests, while the failure mechanisms were examined using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) analysis of the images captured during half model tests, aiding interpretation of the measured bearing responses. The study showed that a reverse end bearing mechanism can be mobilized in uplift and that undrained vertical bearing capacity factors of similar magnitude can be expected in compression and uplift, even for a foundation with relatively shallow embedment. The results are promising for optimizing shallow skirted foundation design for a range of offshore structures that experience transient uplift loading.

Research paper thumbnail of A numerical study of the vertical bearing capacity of skirted foundations

Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics II, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Optimal skirt spacing for subsea mudmats under loading in six degrees of freedom

Applied Ocean Research, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Undrained Vertical Bearing Capacity Factors for Ring Shallow Footings

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of A method for predicting the consolidated undrained bearing capacity of shallow foundations

Geotechnique, Mar 1, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Undrained bearing capacity of deeply embedded foundations under general loading

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of gapping on the uplift resistance of shallow skirted foundations in clay under transient and sustained loading

Soils and Foundations Tokyo, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of gapping on the uplift resistance of a shallow skirted foundation

Research paper thumbnail of Offshore Geotechnical Engineering

ABSTRACT Design practice in offshore geotechnical engineering has grown out of onshore practice, ... more ABSTRACT Design practice in offshore geotechnical engineering has grown out of onshore practice, but the two application areas have tended to diverge over the last 30 years, driven partly by the scale of the foundation and anchoring elements used offshore, and partly by fundamental differences in construction and installation techniques. As a consequence offshore geotechnical engineering has grown as a speciality. The structure here follows a pattern that mimics the flow of a typical offshore project. In the early chapters, it provides a brief overview of the marine environment, offshore site investigation techniques and interpretation of soil behaviour. It proceeds to cover geotechnical design of piled foundations, shallow foundations and anchoring systems. Three topics are then covered which require a more multi-disciplinary approach: the design of mobile drilling rigs, pipelines, and geohazards. This title serves as a framework for undergraduate and postgraduate courses, and will appeal to professional engineers specialising in the offshore industry.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Gapping on the Transient and Sustained Uplift Capacity of a Shallow Skirted Foundation in Clay

Soils and Foundations, 2010

... Auteur(s) / Author(s). ACOSTA-MARTINEZ Hugo E. (1) ; GOURVENEC Susan M. (2) ; RANDOLPH Mark F... more ... Auteur(s) / Author(s). ACOSTA-MARTINEZ Hugo E. (1) ; GOURVENEC Susan M. (2) ; RANDOLPH Mark F. ; Affiliation(s) du ou des auteurs / Author(s) Affiliation(s). ... Clay. ; Shallow foundations. ; Mots-clés français / French Keywords. Soulèvement sol. ; Déplacement. ; ...

Research paper thumbnail of Critical Skirt Spacing for Shallow Foundations under General Loading

Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Aug 1, 2013

ABSTRACT Finite-element limit analysis is used to identify the critical internal skirt spacing fo... more ABSTRACT Finite-element limit analysis is used to identify the critical internal skirt spacing for the undrained failure of shallow skirted foundations under conditions of plane strain based on the criterion that the confined soil plug should ideally displace as a rigid block, such that optimal bearing capacity is realized. General loading (vertical, horizontal, and moment) is considered for foundations with skirt embedments ranging from 5 to 50% of the foundation breadth in soil having either uniform strength or strength proportional to depth. The results explicitly identify the number of internal skirts required to ensure soil plug rigidity under arbitrary combinations of horizontal and moment loading expressed as a function of the normalized skirt embedment and the maximum expected level of vertical loading as a fraction of the ultimate vertical bearing capacity. It is shown that fewer internal skirts are required with increasing normalized foundation embedment, butmore internal skirts are required with increasing soil strength heterogeneity. The results also indicate the potential for a significant reduction in capacity if insufficient skirts are provided, such that plastic deformation is permitted to occur within the soil plug.

Research paper thumbnail of Observations of shallow skirted foundations under transient and sustained uplift

Research paper thumbnail of Large-Deformation Numerical Modeling of Short-Term Compression and Uplift Capacity of Offshore Shallow Foundations

Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Mar 1, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Centrifuge modelling of circular shallow foundations on sand

International Journal of Physical Modelling in Geotechnics, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics 1

Research paper thumbnail of Centrifuge Model Testing Of Skirted Foundations For Offshore Oil And Gas Facilities

Research paper thumbnail of Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics 2

Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics II comprises the Proceedings of the Second International Sympos... more Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics II comprises the Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics (ISFOG), organised by the Centre for Offshore Foundation Systems (COFS) and held at the University of Western Australia (UWA), Perth from 8 – 10 November 2010. The volume addresses current and emerging challenges facing those working in offshore geotechnics, spanning construction, design and research. Keynote papers with authors from industry and academia describe the state-of-the-art of practice and theory. A further 117 peer-reviewed papers describe emerging research, new design techniques and recent case studies related to the frontiers of offshore geotechnical engineering. The themes of the papers include geohazards, gas hydrates, in situ site characterisation and pore pressure measurement, site investigation, soil characterisation, foundations for renewable energy, shallow foundations, jack-up units, piled foundations, anchoring systems, pipe...

Research paper thumbnail of Consolidated undrained load-carrying capacity of subsea mudmats under combined loading in six degrees of freedom

Géotechnique

A generalised framework is presented for predicting the consolidated undrained capacity of rectan... more A generalised framework is presented for predicting the consolidated undrained capacity of rectangular mat foundations on normally consolidated soft clay under combined loading in six degrees of freedom as a function of relative preload and degree of consolidation. Consolidated undrained response is investigated by coupled small-strain finite-element analysis using the modified Cam Clay plasticity constitutive model. Increases in the load-carrying capacity of a foundation under combined loading in six degrees of freedom following vertical preload with subsequent consolidation are demonstrated and quantified. The results are presented as failure envelopes in multi-directional load space and are shown to expand proportionally as a function of degree of consolidation for a given relative preload. A methodology and a set of expressions are provided to predict the shape and size of failure envelopes for rectangular mat foundations for any degree of preloading and consolidation.

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of drainage on the response of a sliding foundation

This paper investigates the effects of drainage on the performance of a sliding foundation as sup... more This paper investigates the effects of drainage on the performance of a sliding foundation as support to subsea pipeline infrastructure. A centrifuge test involving a sliding foundation on soft clay submitted to cycles of periodic monotonic undrained and drained sliding is presented. The results highlight the rise in sliding resistance under undrained conditions through cycles of sliding and intervening consolidation. The undrained resistance converges towards the drained value. Slow drained cycles encounter additional shearing resistance mobilised by ploughing of a drained soil berm ahead of the foundation.