Eko Susanto - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Eko Susanto
Continental Journal of …, 2012
At the international level the Chernobyl accident reemphasized the importance of long-range air p... more At the international level the Chernobyl accident reemphasized the importance of long-range air pollution effects and in Portugal the need for assessment of the likely environmental and socioeconomic impacts of a hypothetical accident in a Spanish nuclear power plant to anticipate eventual protective and mitigating actions was emphasized. Although no nuclear power plants exist in Portuguese territory, several nuclear power
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2005
A methodological approach for a comparative assessment of ionising radiation effects on man and n... more A methodological approach for a comparative assessment of ionising radiation effects on man and non-human species, based on the use of Radiation Impact Factor (RIF) – ratios of actual exposure doses to biota species and man to critical dose is described. As such doses, radiation safety standards limiting radiation exposure of man and doses at which radiobiological effects in non-human species were not observed after the Chernobyl accident, were employed. For the study area within the 30 km ChNPP zone dose burdens to 10 reference biota groups and the population (with and without evacuation) and the corresponding RIFs were calculated. It has been found that in 1986 (early period after the accident) the emergency radiation standards for man do not guarantee adequate protection of the environment, some species of which could be affected more than man. In 1991 RIFs for man were considerably (by factor of 20.0–1.1 × 105) higher compared with those for selected non-human species. Thus, for the long term after the accident radiation safety standards for man are shown to ensure radiation safety for biota as well.
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America, 1996
Many nuclear power facilities are finding it economically beneficial to increase reactor output, ... more Many nuclear power facilities are finding it economically beneficial to increase reactor output, from operating plants, by resorting to power uprates. A power uprate implies that a utility can increase the reactor output, or the megawatts generated, by increasing steam pressure without adding or changing any plant systems. This is perhaps one of the least expensive options for increasing the generating capacity of a power plant. However, a nuclear plant requires a comprehensive review of the plant systems, structures and components to assure their capability to withstand the resulting increased normal and accident plant conditions. A power uprate will typically result in a plant operating at higher than the originally designed environmental conditions. Safety related equipment in nuclear plants is presently qualified to the UFSAR Chapter 15 accident events and the resulting temperatures, pressures, radiation levels etc. These values will increase when the reactor is producing a higher MWe output. Components that are sensitive to the environment must be re-evaluated and assessed to determine their acceptability and operability under the revised environmental conditions. Most safety-related mechanical and electrical equipment will require an assessment from an environmental qualification standpoint. Utilities must perform this task in a systematic, auditable and cost effective manner to optimize their resources and minimize plant costs associated with modifications, replacements or equipment testing. This paper discusses various approaches and provides recommendations to achieve equipment qualification while satisfying the plant's objective of a power uprate
Safety Science, 2002
It is clear that probabilistic risk assessment or probabilistic safety assessment is embedded in ... more It is clear that probabilistic risk assessment or probabilistic safety assessment is embedded in the safety culture of the nuclear power industry, worldwide. Risk assessment applications are in transition in the sense that the regulatory apparatus is not yet in place, at least in the United States of America (USA), to fully support a risk-based licensing process. There is progress on the regulatory front, but it is tedious and not without its frustrations. Currently, the strategy in the USA is a “risk-informed” approach that tends to be “business as usual”, but while you're at it, “do a risk assessment”. The result is added burden (and costs) at a time of increased competition in the power field as a result of deregulation. There is hope in that some steps are finally being taken to modify the regulations to allow risk assessment to be more of a part of the licensing process. For example, the regulations having to do with maintenance, plant changes, and technical specifications have been modified to allow insights from risk assessment to be part of the basis for licensing amendments. On the matter of standards there is strong support that is scientifically based and addresses such issues as health effects and environmental impacts. There appears to be less support for standards on such matters as definition of terms, methodology, and data requirements.
... The entire analysis was duplicated for the counties which, collectively, are referred to as t... more ... The entire analysis was duplicated for the counties which, collectively, are referred to as thePee Dee Region. The Pee Dee Region is an economic area centered on the city of Florence. ... FINAL DEMAND JACK INTERMEDIATE OUTPUT * X-AX= YI D v I-...
DOE Scientific and Technical Information. DOE Scientific and Technical Information. ...
Continental Journal of …, 2012
At the international level the Chernobyl accident reemphasized the importance of long-range air p... more At the international level the Chernobyl accident reemphasized the importance of long-range air pollution effects and in Portugal the need for assessment of the likely environmental and socioeconomic impacts of a hypothetical accident in a Spanish nuclear power plant to anticipate eventual protective and mitigating actions was emphasized. Although no nuclear power plants exist in Portuguese territory, several nuclear power
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2005
A methodological approach for a comparative assessment of ionising radiation effects on man and n... more A methodological approach for a comparative assessment of ionising radiation effects on man and non-human species, based on the use of Radiation Impact Factor (RIF) – ratios of actual exposure doses to biota species and man to critical dose is described. As such doses, radiation safety standards limiting radiation exposure of man and doses at which radiobiological effects in non-human species were not observed after the Chernobyl accident, were employed. For the study area within the 30 km ChNPP zone dose burdens to 10 reference biota groups and the population (with and without evacuation) and the corresponding RIFs were calculated. It has been found that in 1986 (early period after the accident) the emergency radiation standards for man do not guarantee adequate protection of the environment, some species of which could be affected more than man. In 1991 RIFs for man were considerably (by factor of 20.0–1.1 × 105) higher compared with those for selected non-human species. Thus, for the long term after the accident radiation safety standards for man are shown to ensure radiation safety for biota as well.
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America, 1996
Many nuclear power facilities are finding it economically beneficial to increase reactor output, ... more Many nuclear power facilities are finding it economically beneficial to increase reactor output, from operating plants, by resorting to power uprates. A power uprate implies that a utility can increase the reactor output, or the megawatts generated, by increasing steam pressure without adding or changing any plant systems. This is perhaps one of the least expensive options for increasing the generating capacity of a power plant. However, a nuclear plant requires a comprehensive review of the plant systems, structures and components to assure their capability to withstand the resulting increased normal and accident plant conditions. A power uprate will typically result in a plant operating at higher than the originally designed environmental conditions. Safety related equipment in nuclear plants is presently qualified to the UFSAR Chapter 15 accident events and the resulting temperatures, pressures, radiation levels etc. These values will increase when the reactor is producing a higher MWe output. Components that are sensitive to the environment must be re-evaluated and assessed to determine their acceptability and operability under the revised environmental conditions. Most safety-related mechanical and electrical equipment will require an assessment from an environmental qualification standpoint. Utilities must perform this task in a systematic, auditable and cost effective manner to optimize their resources and minimize plant costs associated with modifications, replacements or equipment testing. This paper discusses various approaches and provides recommendations to achieve equipment qualification while satisfying the plant's objective of a power uprate
Safety Science, 2002
It is clear that probabilistic risk assessment or probabilistic safety assessment is embedded in ... more It is clear that probabilistic risk assessment or probabilistic safety assessment is embedded in the safety culture of the nuclear power industry, worldwide. Risk assessment applications are in transition in the sense that the regulatory apparatus is not yet in place, at least in the United States of America (USA), to fully support a risk-based licensing process. There is progress on the regulatory front, but it is tedious and not without its frustrations. Currently, the strategy in the USA is a “risk-informed” approach that tends to be “business as usual”, but while you're at it, “do a risk assessment”. The result is added burden (and costs) at a time of increased competition in the power field as a result of deregulation. There is hope in that some steps are finally being taken to modify the regulations to allow risk assessment to be more of a part of the licensing process. For example, the regulations having to do with maintenance, plant changes, and technical specifications have been modified to allow insights from risk assessment to be part of the basis for licensing amendments. On the matter of standards there is strong support that is scientifically based and addresses such issues as health effects and environmental impacts. There appears to be less support for standards on such matters as definition of terms, methodology, and data requirements.
... The entire analysis was duplicated for the counties which, collectively, are referred to as t... more ... The entire analysis was duplicated for the counties which, collectively, are referred to as thePee Dee Region. The Pee Dee Region is an economic area centered on the city of Florence. ... FINAL DEMAND JACK INTERMEDIATE OUTPUT * X-AX= YI D v I-...
DOE Scientific and Technical Information. DOE Scientific and Technical Information. ...