Sven Bacher - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Sven Bacher
Ökologie kompakt, 2009
ABSTRACT
Ökologie kompakt, 2009
ABSTRACT
Ökologie kompakt, 2009
ABSTRACT
Ökologie kompakt, 2009
Der überwiegende Teil der auf der Erde verfügbaren Energie stammt von der Sonne, wo sie durch Fus... more Der überwiegende Teil der auf der Erde verfügbaren Energie stammt von der Sonne, wo sie durch Fusion von Wasserstoffatomen entsteht. In sehr geringem Umfang steht auch Energie aus Erdwärme zur Verfügung, etwa durch Thermalquellen, die im Erdinneren durch radioaktiven Zerfall entstehen. Die meisten Organismen nutzen durch Photosynthese fixierte Energie, lediglich chemoautotrophe Bakterien verwenden anorganische Verbindungen. Energie wird vielfältig umgewandelt und
Ökologie kompakt, 2009
Unter einer Lebensgemeinschaft (Biozönose, community) versteht man alle Organismen (von Bakterien... more Unter einer Lebensgemeinschaft (Biozönose, community) versteht man alle Organismen (von Bakterien bis hin zu Säugetieren), die in einem abgegrenzten Gebiet (Bio-top) gemeinsam vorkommen und dort in Wechselwirkung treten können. Der Begriff Biotop beinhaltet alle abiotischen Umweltfaktoren, die auf eine Lebensgemeinschaft einwirken. In der Geobotanik wird synonym auch der Begriff Standort verwendet, obwohl der Standort eher ein autökologischer Begriff ist (Schaefer
Ökologie kompakt, 2012
ABSTRACT
Nature communications, Jan 15, 2017
Although research on human-mediated exchanges of species has substantially intensified during the... more Although research on human-mediated exchanges of species has substantially intensified during the last centuries, we know surprisingly little about temporal dynamics of alien species accumulations across regions and taxa. Using a novel database of 45,813 first records of 16,926 established alien species, we show that the annual rate of first records worldwide has increased during the last 200 years, with 37% of all first records reported most recently (1970-2014). Inter-continental and inter-taxonomic variation can be largely attributed to the diaspora of European settlers in the nineteenth century and to the acceleration in trade in the twentieth century. For all taxonomic groups, the increase in numbers of alien species does not show any sign of saturation and most taxa even show increases in the rate of first records over time. This highlights that past efforts to mitigate invasions have not been effective enough to keep up with increasing globalization.
Environmental monitoring and assessment, 2016
Alien species can exert negative environmental and socio-economic impacts. Therefore, administrat... more Alien species can exert negative environmental and socio-economic impacts. Therefore, administrations from different sectors are trying to prevent further introductions, stop the spread of established species, and apply or develop programs to mitigate their impact, to contain the most harmful species, or to eradicate them if possible. Often it is not clear which of the numerous alien species are most important in terms of damage, and therefore, impact scoring systems have been developed to allow a comparison and thus prioritization of species. Here, we present the generic impact scoring system (GISS), which relies on published evidence of environmental and socio-economic impact of alien species. We developed a system of 12 impact categories, for environmental and socio-economic impact, comprising all kinds of impacts that an alien species may exert. In each category, the intensity of impact is quantified by a six-level scale ranging from 0 (no impact detectable) to 5 (the highest im...
There has been a dramatic growth in research on biological invasions over the past 20 years, but ... more There has been a dramatic growth in research on biological invasions over the past 20 years, but a mature understanding of the field has been hampered because invasion biologists concerned with different taxa and different environments have largely adopted different model frameworks for the invasion process, resulting in a confusing range of concepts, terms and definitions. In this review, we propose a unified framework for biological invasions that reconciles and integrates the key features of the most commonly used invasion frameworks into a single conceptual model that can be applied to all human-mediated invasions. The unified framework combines previous stage-based and barrier models, and provides a terminology and categorisation for populations at different points in the invasion process.
Ökologie kompakt, 2009
ABSTRACT
Ökologie kompakt, 2009
ABSTRACT
Ökologie kompakt, 2009
ABSTRACT
Ökologie kompakt, 2009
Der überwiegende Teil der auf der Erde verfügbaren Energie stammt von der Sonne, wo sie durch Fus... more Der überwiegende Teil der auf der Erde verfügbaren Energie stammt von der Sonne, wo sie durch Fusion von Wasserstoffatomen entsteht. In sehr geringem Umfang steht auch Energie aus Erdwärme zur Verfügung, etwa durch Thermalquellen, die im Erdinneren durch radioaktiven Zerfall entstehen. Die meisten Organismen nutzen durch Photosynthese fixierte Energie, lediglich chemoautotrophe Bakterien verwenden anorganische Verbindungen. Energie wird vielfältig umgewandelt und
Ökologie kompakt, 2009
Unter einer Lebensgemeinschaft (Biozönose, community) versteht man alle Organismen (von Bakterien... more Unter einer Lebensgemeinschaft (Biozönose, community) versteht man alle Organismen (von Bakterien bis hin zu Säugetieren), die in einem abgegrenzten Gebiet (Bio-top) gemeinsam vorkommen und dort in Wechselwirkung treten können. Der Begriff Biotop beinhaltet alle abiotischen Umweltfaktoren, die auf eine Lebensgemeinschaft einwirken. In der Geobotanik wird synonym auch der Begriff Standort verwendet, obwohl der Standort eher ein autökologischer Begriff ist (Schaefer
Ökologie kompakt, 2012
ABSTRACT
Nature communications, Jan 15, 2017
Although research on human-mediated exchanges of species has substantially intensified during the... more Although research on human-mediated exchanges of species has substantially intensified during the last centuries, we know surprisingly little about temporal dynamics of alien species accumulations across regions and taxa. Using a novel database of 45,813 first records of 16,926 established alien species, we show that the annual rate of first records worldwide has increased during the last 200 years, with 37% of all first records reported most recently (1970-2014). Inter-continental and inter-taxonomic variation can be largely attributed to the diaspora of European settlers in the nineteenth century and to the acceleration in trade in the twentieth century. For all taxonomic groups, the increase in numbers of alien species does not show any sign of saturation and most taxa even show increases in the rate of first records over time. This highlights that past efforts to mitigate invasions have not been effective enough to keep up with increasing globalization.
Environmental monitoring and assessment, 2016
Alien species can exert negative environmental and socio-economic impacts. Therefore, administrat... more Alien species can exert negative environmental and socio-economic impacts. Therefore, administrations from different sectors are trying to prevent further introductions, stop the spread of established species, and apply or develop programs to mitigate their impact, to contain the most harmful species, or to eradicate them if possible. Often it is not clear which of the numerous alien species are most important in terms of damage, and therefore, impact scoring systems have been developed to allow a comparison and thus prioritization of species. Here, we present the generic impact scoring system (GISS), which relies on published evidence of environmental and socio-economic impact of alien species. We developed a system of 12 impact categories, for environmental and socio-economic impact, comprising all kinds of impacts that an alien species may exert. In each category, the intensity of impact is quantified by a six-level scale ranging from 0 (no impact detectable) to 5 (the highest im...
There has been a dramatic growth in research on biological invasions over the past 20 years, but ... more There has been a dramatic growth in research on biological invasions over the past 20 years, but a mature understanding of the field has been hampered because invasion biologists concerned with different taxa and different environments have largely adopted different model frameworks for the invasion process, resulting in a confusing range of concepts, terms and definitions. In this review, we propose a unified framework for biological invasions that reconciles and integrates the key features of the most commonly used invasion frameworks into a single conceptual model that can be applied to all human-mediated invasions. The unified framework combines previous stage-based and barrier models, and provides a terminology and categorisation for populations at different points in the invasion process.