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Papers by Svetlana Kushnarenko

Ķaraġandy universitetìnìṇ habaršysy. Biologiâ, medicina, geografiâ seriâsy, Jun 30, 2023

Разработка in vitro технологии для элиминации вируса кустистой карликовости малины Вирус кустисто... more Разработка in vitro технологии для элиминации вируса кустистой карликовости малины Вирус кустистой карликовости малины (Raspberry bushy dwarf virus) (RBDV)-один из наиболее распространенных и вредоносных патогенов малины, значительно снижающий урожайность этой культуры и качество ягодной продукции. Проведено сравнение эффективности различных способов оздоровления растений малины сорта «Малиновая гряда» от вируса RBDV в условиях in vitro. Для элиминации вируса RBDV были испытаны термотерапия, химиотерапия и криотерапия, а также сочетание этих методов. Термотерапию асептических растений проводили в термокамере при переменных температурах (16 ч, 38°С, освещенность 25 µмол•м-2 •с-1 ; 8 ч, 24-26°С, темнота) в течение двух недель. Химиотерапия заключалась в культивировании растений in vitro в течение 4 недель на среде Мурасиге-Скуга с добавлением 30 мг/л противовирусного препарата рибавирина. Для криотерапии апикальных меристем использовали метод PVS2-витрификации. Тестирование растений in vitro на наличие вирусов проводили методом мультиплекс TaqManреал-тайм ПЦР. Установлено, что проведенные по отдельности термотерапия и химиотерапия, а также сочетание этих обработок с криотерапией не приводили к элиминации вируса RBDV. Только в случае применения химиотерапии в сочетании с термотерапией у 37,5 % растений in vitro вирус не обнаруживался. Наиболее высокий выход освобожденных от вируса RBDV растений был получен при использовании комбинированного способа: химиотерапия + термотерапия + криотерапия, при этом у 66,7 % растений сорта «Малиновая гряда» подтвердилась элиминация от вируса RBDV.

Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding

Several methods of plant preservation are currently used in the Republic of Kazakhstan: 1) field ... more Several methods of plant preservation are currently used in the Republic of Kazakhstan: 1) field gene banks in natural growing areas and pomological collections; 2) preservation of seeds at +4°С, –18°С, and –196°С; 3) сold storage of in vitro shoots at +4°С and +10 ± 2°С; 4) cryopreservation of plant tissues and organs at –196°C; 5) preservation of plant DNA at –80°C.Ex situ field collections of plants in Kazakhstan are maintained in botanical gardens of the Republic, arboretums, pomological gardens, nurseries, peasant and farm enterprises, and personal plots. The largest collection of fruit and berry plants is located in the Pomological Garden and includes about 4 thousand varieties, more than 40 thousand hybrids and wild forms of various crops.The Republic of Kazakhstan has about 42,000 accessions in the seed collection. The cereal crop collection is mainly concentrated in the Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing – 1/3 of the national genetic resources. The m...

International Journal of Biology and Chemistry, 2018

Potato is one of the most popular crops, cultivated around the world. The decrease in potato yiel... more Potato is one of the most popular crops, cultivated around the world. The decrease in potato yield is caused by the degeneration of the seed material associated with the defeat of various diseases. Viruses pose a great threat to potato farming all over the world. Viral infections are dangerous not only by a significant decrease in the potato yield, but also by the absence of a phenotypic manifestation of diseases. The use of modern mpRT-PCR and ELISA methods for the diagnostics allows detecting viral infection quickly and reliably. The purpose of our research was to compare the efficiency of the molecular diagnostic methods of ELISA and mpRT-PCR and on their basis to study the degree of potato damage by the PLRV, PVM, PVS, PVX and PVY viruses in the southeast and north of Kazakhstan. There were analyzed 119 samples from Almaty and 138 samples from Kostanay regions. Most of tested potato samples were infected by PVM and PVS. PLRV was absent in the southeast and north of Kazakhstan. Complex viral infections were dominance over the monoviral infection. The reliability of ELISA and mpRT-PCR methods for the diagnostics of PVX, PVY, PVM, PVS and PLRV was assessed. Viruses PVS, PVX and PVY were more effectively detected by the mpRT-PCR than ELISA. ELISA was more effective for PVM. The reliability and efficiency of analytical methods highly depended on the variability of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of virus isolates. We found two isolates of the PVS and three PVM isolates in the course of optimization of the mpRT-PCR method.

Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”

In vitro biotechnologies are widely used to preserve biodiversity and produce high quality planti... more In vitro biotechnologies are widely used to preserve biodiversity and produce high quality planting material. The main problem that hinders the development of micropropagation for nut crops is their low ability to in vitro root formation and the long period of plant adaptation when transferred to a soil substrate. The aseptic shoots of varieties and wild forms of Juglans regia L. and Corylus avellana L. in vitro micropropagated are used as plant material for this study. A comparison was made between two methods of in vitro rooting. For walnut, the use of a two-stage rooting method on Murashige-Skoog agar medium with high concentrations of indolyl 3 butyric acid (10 mg/l) and sucrose (60 g/l) (method I) made it possible to obtain an average of 68.6 % of rooted plants. The second rooting method, replacing agar with vermiculite, proved to be the most effective for hazelnut, with 91.3 % of Corylus avellana shoots rooting in vitro. The adaptation of hazelnut plants to the conditions of t...

Eurasian Journal of Ecology

Грецкий орех (Juglans regia L.) является одной из наиболее экономически важных орехоплодных культ... more Грецкий орех (Juglans regia L.) является одной из наиболее экономически важных орехоплодных культур. В Казахстане дикорастущая популяция грецкого ореха зарегистрирована на юге страны и охраняется на территории Сайрам-Угамского государственного национального природного парка. В результате экспедиций 2018-2019 г.г. проведено описание 136 образцов Juglans regia по дескрипторам Международного института изучения генетических ресурсов растений (International Plant Genetic Resources Institute), собраны плоды 73 образцов грецкого ореха, отличающиеся высоким разнообразием по размеру, форме и массе орехов, выходу ядра, окраске и текстуре скорлупы и другим параметрам. Для сохранения биоразнообразия Juglans regia был разработан эффективный метод криоконсервации изолированных зародышевых осей. После поверхностной дезинфекции 0,1% раствором сулемы и промывания стерильной дистиллированной водой, зародышевые оси высушивали в потоке стерильного воздуха в ламинар-боксе в течение 1 часа до относительной влажности 12,1%, помещали в криопробирки и погружали в сосуд Дьюара с жидким азотом. У 72,4% зародышевых осей после криогенного хранения отмечена регенерация растений на питательной среде Драйвера-Куньюки с 1 мг/л 6-бензиламинопурина и 0,01 мг/л индолилмасляной кислоты. Создана криогенная коллекция 73 образцов грецкого ореха. Впервые генетический материал Juglans regia, произрастающий в Казахстане, сохранен в криогенном банке при температуре-196°С.

In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant

Вестник КазНУ. Серия биологическая, Jan 8, 2018

Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”

n all across the world, including Kazakhstan, there is a problem of loss of plant resources biodi... more n all across the world, including Kazakhstan, there is a problem of loss of plant resources biodiversity. Therefore, work is underway to create cryogenic banks, in which long-term storage of plant germplasm is carried out at an ultra-low temperature of –196 °C. For seeds stored in cryogenic banks, it is necessary to study their dormant state and the action of substances that could stimulate their germination. Medicinal plants are important objects for research since the Republic lacks a well-functioning system of industrial cultivation of medicinal plants and the production of pharmaceuticals based on local raw materials. Consequently, scientific information is required on the long-term maintenance of viable seed material and methods of stimulating seed germination. As a result of the experiments, the positive effect of gibberellic acid (GA) and liquid nitrogen (LN) on the increase in the percentage of germination energy (GE) and laboratory germination (LG) of medicinal plants seeds...

Kazakhstan is one of the centers of origin and evolution of apple (Malus). The main forest specie... more Kazakhstan is one of the centers of origin and evolution of apple (Malus). The main forest species is Malus sieversii (Ledeb.) M. Roem., representatives of which have important traits such as disease and insect resistance, cold hardiness, and fruit quality. The area of these unique wild forests is continually decreasing as a result of human activities. An expedition was held in September 2008 to collect and safeguard the genetic resources of Malus sieversii in Kazakhstan. Over 4400 seeds from the fruit of 34 Malus sieversii accessions were collected in the Zailyiski Alatau Mountains near Almaty (Bel-Bulak and Issyk Gorges). The trees where fruit was collected showed high variability in habit and fruit size, shape and flavor. Fruit color varied from yellow white to red. Seeds were variable in both color and length. We tested seed cryopreservation for long-term storage of wild Malus biodiversity. Seeds were air dried to a mean moisture content of 8.23%. Seeds were directly immersed in liquid nitrogen (LN) for 30 min and rewarmed at room temperature to test the effect of LN exposure. Viability following LN as evaluated by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TZ) ranged from 72.4% to 90.0% and did not differ significantly from the controls or from the germination tests. Germination tests indicated slightly but not significantly higher viability for LN exposed seeds, but germination vigor for LN exposed seeds was significantly higher than controls over the 6 week germination period. These results indicate that cryopreservation in LN is an option for long-term conservation of this important germplasm.

Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology, 2019

Virus infection is one of the reasons for the low potato yield in Kazakhstan. The combination of ... more Virus infection is one of the reasons for the low potato yield in Kazakhstan. The combination of modern methods of germplasm improvement and effective virus diagnosis are the most successful measures to overcome potato viruses. Using ELISA and multiplex RT-PCR methods, potato leaf samples from the Almaty and Kostanay regions of Kazakhstan were analysed for the presence of the carlaviruses potato virus M and potato virus S, the potyvirus potato virus Y, the potexvirus potato virus X, and the polerovirus potato leaf roll virus (PVM, PVS, PVY, PVX, and PLRV, respectively). The potato virus spectrum has changed over the last twenty years, and presently carlavirusеs represent the most widespread genus. Of the leaf samples tested, 84.3% and 46.6% were infected by PVM and PVS, respectively, and co-infection by both viruses occurred. Multiplex RT-PCR assays were developed to detect the five potato viruses, and for two strains of PVS. Based on sequence analyses of the central region of the ...

Experimental biology, 2016

Antimicrobial activity of 15 essential oil samples extracted from nine Kazakhstan plant species: ... more Antimicrobial activity of 15 essential oil samples extracted from nine Kazakhstan plant species: Artemisia kotuchovii Kupr., Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit., Artemisia absinthium L., Ferula iliensis Krasn. ex Korovin, Ferula ovina (Boiss.) Boiss., Heracleum dissectum Ldb., Angelica decurrens (Ledeb.) B. Fedtsch., Thymus marschallianus Willd. and Juniperus sabina L. has been determined. Essential oils were obtained separately from various plant parts at different phases of vegetation. Essential oil from Thymus marschallianus had the highest inhibitory effect on all the strains of microorganisms tested; at 0.31 µg/ml, it completely inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. High antimicrobial activity also possessed the essential oils from roots of endemic species Ferula iliensis; at 0.31 µg/ml these essential oils completely inhibited the growth of Candida albicans, and at 2.5 µg/ml also inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and E...

Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”, 2021

The review describes the successive stages of work on the production of virus-free apple planting... more The review describes the successive stages of work on the production of virus-free apple planting stocks using biotechnology methods. Compositions of nutrient media, duration and temperature regime of plant material treatment, and other details for all stages of cryopreservation (cryotherapy), chemotherapy, detection of viruses are presented, methods of in vitro initiation, micropropagation, in vitro rooting and adaptation of plant material to the soil substrate are discussed. Virus-free collection of Malus domestica Borkh. and M. sieversii Ledeb. M. Roem. is preserved by in vitro culture and cold storage (+4 °C). Cryopreservation of shoot tips of apple historic cultivars and wild forms in liquid nitrogen at -196° will preserve this valuable material for a long time and, if necessary, can be used in breeding. Virus-free apple rootstocks and cultivars will be available to provide planting material of a super-elite class for local nurseries and in general will promote the development ...

BULLETIN of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. BIOSCIENCE Series, 2019

Two barberry species have been studied and preserved: Berberis iliensis M. Pop., Berberis integer... more Two barberry species have been studied and preserved: Berberis iliensis M. Pop., Berberis integerrima Bunge. As a result of work the in vitro collection consisting of 33 accessions of these species was established. Obtaining in vitro collection was placed for medium-term storage at 4 ◦ C. Optimal duration of cold storage is 12 months. Cryobank of shoot tips and seeds was created. Cryobank of seeds created at temperatures: 1) -196 ◦ C, seeds germination after defrosting – 80- 100%; 2) -20 ◦ C, seed germination after defrosting the average is 86,7%. Positive effect of storage at low temperatures on seeds germination was revealed. To study the qualitative and quantitative chemical composition 11 accessions of two barberry species were investigated. Fatty acids, fatty acids esters, alkanes, alkenes, alkadienes, aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes, fatty alcohols, triterpenoids, ketones, silicones, vitamins K, K 1 , K 2 were identified in studied accessions. In some barberry accessions carotenoid squalene, hydrocarbons 28-Nor-17-alpha and amide pyridine-3-carboximidamide were detected.

In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant, 2017

Potato germplasm held as field collections accumulate virus infections, making them unsuitable fo... more Potato germplasm held as field collections accumulate virus infections, making them unsuitable for distribution as planting stock. Elimination of these viruses from in vitro cultures provides healthy materials for germplasm distribution. An in vitro collection of 33 potato cultivars and hybrids was evaluated for five viruses: Potato leafroll virus (PLRV), Potato virus M (PVM), Potato virus S (PVS), Potato virus X (PVX), and Potato virus Y (PVY) by ELISA and RT-PCR. PLRV was not detected in any accessions. Seven accessions were singly infected by PVM, 15 were mix-infected by PVM and PVS, and four by PVM and PVY. One accession had both PVS and PVX, and one was mix-infected by PVM, PVS, and PVY. Two accessions were singly infected by PVY, and three were virus-free. Cryotherapy, chemotherapy, and a combination of both methods were tested on several potato accessions. For cryotherapy of shoot tips, the PVS2-vitrification protocol was used. Chemotherapy using prolonged culture with 100 mg L −1 ribavirin on PVM and PVS eradication was investigated both alone and combined with cryotherapy. Cryotherapy alone eliminated single PVM infection in 38.6% of shoot cultures, but totally virus-free shoots were not found in mix-infected accessions. Treatment with ribavirin alone was only effective for eliminating both PVM and PVS after three subcultures on ribavirin, or ribavirin followed by cryotherapy. Three subcultures on ribavirin followed by cryotherapy resulted in 100% virus-free potato shoots. Future studies will include cultivars infected with PVX and PVY. This is the first report of combined chemo-and cryotherapy for virus elimination in potato.

In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant, 2017

Many cryopreservation techniques are currently available, and it is common for new modifications ... more Many cryopreservation techniques are currently available, and it is common for new modifications to be developed for individual crops or specific genotypes. In this study, results of variations of the PVS2 cryopreservation protocol are compared to provide evidence for the suitability of a standard form of this technique for cryopreservation of a range of fruit, berry crops, and potato. Shoot cultures of Malus, Solanum, Lonicera, and Berberis were tested with variations of cold acclimation, pretreatment media, and PVS2 exposure times. A general protocol with some modifications was produced that was suitable for all four genera. The regenerative capacity of shoot tips after cryopreservation by this method exceeded a mean of 50% for Malus, Solanum, Lonicera, and Berberis, which is sufficient for setting storage in a cryobank. After liquid nitrogen storage, the shoot cultures that survived had a healthy appearance and developed rapidly. For each species tested, the only optimization required was the preparation of donor plants by cold acclimation and pretreatment. The choice of one common method simplifies the methodology for conducting experiments and storing a range of germplasm. The use of the PVS2 vitrification method with a 0.3-M sucrose pretreatment is multiuse and can be recommended as the most effective method for the cryopreservation of shoot tips from many plant species.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2016

Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation of the umbels+seeds and stems of Ferula akitsch... more Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation of the umbels+seeds and stems of Ferula akitschkensis (FAEO u/s and FAEO stm , respectively) and analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Fifty two compounds were identified in FAEO u/s. The primary components were sabinene, α-pinene, β-pinene, terpinen-4-ol, eremophilene, and 2himachalen-7-ol, while the primary components of FAEO stm were myristicin and geranylacetone. FAEO u/s , β-pinene, sabinene, γ-terpinene, geranylacetone, isobornyl acetate, and (E)-2-nonenal stimulated [Ca 2 ] i mobilization in human neutrophils, with the most potent being geranylacetone (EC 50 = 7.6 ± 1.9 µM) and isobornyl acetate 6.4 ± 1.7 (EC 50 = 7.6 ± 1.9 µM). In addition, treatment of neutrophils with β-pinene, sabinene, γ-terpinene, geranylacetone, and isobornyl acetate desensitized the cells to N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLF)-and interleukin-8 (IL-8)-induced [Ca 2 ] i flux and inhibited fMLF-induced chemotaxis. The effects of β-pinene, sabinene, γterpinene, geranylacetone, and isobornyl acetate on neutrophil [Ca 2+ ] i flux were inhibited by transient receptor potential (TRP) channel blockers. Furthermore, the most potent compound,

Ķaraġandy universitetìnìṇ habaršysy. Biologiâ, medicina, geografiâ seriâsy, Jun 30, 2023

Разработка in vitro технологии для элиминации вируса кустистой карликовости малины Вирус кустисто... more Разработка in vitro технологии для элиминации вируса кустистой карликовости малины Вирус кустистой карликовости малины (Raspberry bushy dwarf virus) (RBDV)-один из наиболее распространенных и вредоносных патогенов малины, значительно снижающий урожайность этой культуры и качество ягодной продукции. Проведено сравнение эффективности различных способов оздоровления растений малины сорта «Малиновая гряда» от вируса RBDV в условиях in vitro. Для элиминации вируса RBDV были испытаны термотерапия, химиотерапия и криотерапия, а также сочетание этих методов. Термотерапию асептических растений проводили в термокамере при переменных температурах (16 ч, 38°С, освещенность 25 µмол•м-2 •с-1 ; 8 ч, 24-26°С, темнота) в течение двух недель. Химиотерапия заключалась в культивировании растений in vitro в течение 4 недель на среде Мурасиге-Скуга с добавлением 30 мг/л противовирусного препарата рибавирина. Для криотерапии апикальных меристем использовали метод PVS2-витрификации. Тестирование растений in vitro на наличие вирусов проводили методом мультиплекс TaqManреал-тайм ПЦР. Установлено, что проведенные по отдельности термотерапия и химиотерапия, а также сочетание этих обработок с криотерапией не приводили к элиминации вируса RBDV. Только в случае применения химиотерапии в сочетании с термотерапией у 37,5 % растений in vitro вирус не обнаруживался. Наиболее высокий выход освобожденных от вируса RBDV растений был получен при использовании комбинированного способа: химиотерапия + термотерапия + криотерапия, при этом у 66,7 % растений сорта «Малиновая гряда» подтвердилась элиминация от вируса RBDV.

Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding

Several methods of plant preservation are currently used in the Republic of Kazakhstan: 1) field ... more Several methods of plant preservation are currently used in the Republic of Kazakhstan: 1) field gene banks in natural growing areas and pomological collections; 2) preservation of seeds at +4°С, –18°С, and –196°С; 3) сold storage of in vitro shoots at +4°С and +10 ± 2°С; 4) cryopreservation of plant tissues and organs at –196°C; 5) preservation of plant DNA at –80°C.Ex situ field collections of plants in Kazakhstan are maintained in botanical gardens of the Republic, arboretums, pomological gardens, nurseries, peasant and farm enterprises, and personal plots. The largest collection of fruit and berry plants is located in the Pomological Garden and includes about 4 thousand varieties, more than 40 thousand hybrids and wild forms of various crops.The Republic of Kazakhstan has about 42,000 accessions in the seed collection. The cereal crop collection is mainly concentrated in the Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing – 1/3 of the national genetic resources. The m...

International Journal of Biology and Chemistry, 2018

Potato is one of the most popular crops, cultivated around the world. The decrease in potato yiel... more Potato is one of the most popular crops, cultivated around the world. The decrease in potato yield is caused by the degeneration of the seed material associated with the defeat of various diseases. Viruses pose a great threat to potato farming all over the world. Viral infections are dangerous not only by a significant decrease in the potato yield, but also by the absence of a phenotypic manifestation of diseases. The use of modern mpRT-PCR and ELISA methods for the diagnostics allows detecting viral infection quickly and reliably. The purpose of our research was to compare the efficiency of the molecular diagnostic methods of ELISA and mpRT-PCR and on their basis to study the degree of potato damage by the PLRV, PVM, PVS, PVX and PVY viruses in the southeast and north of Kazakhstan. There were analyzed 119 samples from Almaty and 138 samples from Kostanay regions. Most of tested potato samples were infected by PVM and PVS. PLRV was absent in the southeast and north of Kazakhstan. Complex viral infections were dominance over the monoviral infection. The reliability of ELISA and mpRT-PCR methods for the diagnostics of PVX, PVY, PVM, PVS and PLRV was assessed. Viruses PVS, PVX and PVY were more effectively detected by the mpRT-PCR than ELISA. ELISA was more effective for PVM. The reliability and efficiency of analytical methods highly depended on the variability of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of virus isolates. We found two isolates of the PVS and three PVM isolates in the course of optimization of the mpRT-PCR method.

Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”

In vitro biotechnologies are widely used to preserve biodiversity and produce high quality planti... more In vitro biotechnologies are widely used to preserve biodiversity and produce high quality planting material. The main problem that hinders the development of micropropagation for nut crops is their low ability to in vitro root formation and the long period of plant adaptation when transferred to a soil substrate. The aseptic shoots of varieties and wild forms of Juglans regia L. and Corylus avellana L. in vitro micropropagated are used as plant material for this study. A comparison was made between two methods of in vitro rooting. For walnut, the use of a two-stage rooting method on Murashige-Skoog agar medium with high concentrations of indolyl 3 butyric acid (10 mg/l) and sucrose (60 g/l) (method I) made it possible to obtain an average of 68.6 % of rooted plants. The second rooting method, replacing agar with vermiculite, proved to be the most effective for hazelnut, with 91.3 % of Corylus avellana shoots rooting in vitro. The adaptation of hazelnut plants to the conditions of t...

Eurasian Journal of Ecology

Грецкий орех (Juglans regia L.) является одной из наиболее экономически важных орехоплодных культ... more Грецкий орех (Juglans regia L.) является одной из наиболее экономически важных орехоплодных культур. В Казахстане дикорастущая популяция грецкого ореха зарегистрирована на юге страны и охраняется на территории Сайрам-Угамского государственного национального природного парка. В результате экспедиций 2018-2019 г.г. проведено описание 136 образцов Juglans regia по дескрипторам Международного института изучения генетических ресурсов растений (International Plant Genetic Resources Institute), собраны плоды 73 образцов грецкого ореха, отличающиеся высоким разнообразием по размеру, форме и массе орехов, выходу ядра, окраске и текстуре скорлупы и другим параметрам. Для сохранения биоразнообразия Juglans regia был разработан эффективный метод криоконсервации изолированных зародышевых осей. После поверхностной дезинфекции 0,1% раствором сулемы и промывания стерильной дистиллированной водой, зародышевые оси высушивали в потоке стерильного воздуха в ламинар-боксе в течение 1 часа до относительной влажности 12,1%, помещали в криопробирки и погружали в сосуд Дьюара с жидким азотом. У 72,4% зародышевых осей после криогенного хранения отмечена регенерация растений на питательной среде Драйвера-Куньюки с 1 мг/л 6-бензиламинопурина и 0,01 мг/л индолилмасляной кислоты. Создана криогенная коллекция 73 образцов грецкого ореха. Впервые генетический материал Juglans regia, произрастающий в Казахстане, сохранен в криогенном банке при температуре-196°С.

In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant

Вестник КазНУ. Серия биологическая, Jan 8, 2018

Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”

n all across the world, including Kazakhstan, there is a problem of loss of plant resources biodi... more n all across the world, including Kazakhstan, there is a problem of loss of plant resources biodiversity. Therefore, work is underway to create cryogenic banks, in which long-term storage of plant germplasm is carried out at an ultra-low temperature of –196 °C. For seeds stored in cryogenic banks, it is necessary to study their dormant state and the action of substances that could stimulate their germination. Medicinal plants are important objects for research since the Republic lacks a well-functioning system of industrial cultivation of medicinal plants and the production of pharmaceuticals based on local raw materials. Consequently, scientific information is required on the long-term maintenance of viable seed material and methods of stimulating seed germination. As a result of the experiments, the positive effect of gibberellic acid (GA) and liquid nitrogen (LN) on the increase in the percentage of germination energy (GE) and laboratory germination (LG) of medicinal plants seeds...

Kazakhstan is one of the centers of origin and evolution of apple (Malus). The main forest specie... more Kazakhstan is one of the centers of origin and evolution of apple (Malus). The main forest species is Malus sieversii (Ledeb.) M. Roem., representatives of which have important traits such as disease and insect resistance, cold hardiness, and fruit quality. The area of these unique wild forests is continually decreasing as a result of human activities. An expedition was held in September 2008 to collect and safeguard the genetic resources of Malus sieversii in Kazakhstan. Over 4400 seeds from the fruit of 34 Malus sieversii accessions were collected in the Zailyiski Alatau Mountains near Almaty (Bel-Bulak and Issyk Gorges). The trees where fruit was collected showed high variability in habit and fruit size, shape and flavor. Fruit color varied from yellow white to red. Seeds were variable in both color and length. We tested seed cryopreservation for long-term storage of wild Malus biodiversity. Seeds were air dried to a mean moisture content of 8.23%. Seeds were directly immersed in liquid nitrogen (LN) for 30 min and rewarmed at room temperature to test the effect of LN exposure. Viability following LN as evaluated by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TZ) ranged from 72.4% to 90.0% and did not differ significantly from the controls or from the germination tests. Germination tests indicated slightly but not significantly higher viability for LN exposed seeds, but germination vigor for LN exposed seeds was significantly higher than controls over the 6 week germination period. These results indicate that cryopreservation in LN is an option for long-term conservation of this important germplasm.

Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology, 2019

Virus infection is one of the reasons for the low potato yield in Kazakhstan. The combination of ... more Virus infection is one of the reasons for the low potato yield in Kazakhstan. The combination of modern methods of germplasm improvement and effective virus diagnosis are the most successful measures to overcome potato viruses. Using ELISA and multiplex RT-PCR methods, potato leaf samples from the Almaty and Kostanay regions of Kazakhstan were analysed for the presence of the carlaviruses potato virus M and potato virus S, the potyvirus potato virus Y, the potexvirus potato virus X, and the polerovirus potato leaf roll virus (PVM, PVS, PVY, PVX, and PLRV, respectively). The potato virus spectrum has changed over the last twenty years, and presently carlavirusеs represent the most widespread genus. Of the leaf samples tested, 84.3% and 46.6% were infected by PVM and PVS, respectively, and co-infection by both viruses occurred. Multiplex RT-PCR assays were developed to detect the five potato viruses, and for two strains of PVS. Based on sequence analyses of the central region of the ...

Experimental biology, 2016

Antimicrobial activity of 15 essential oil samples extracted from nine Kazakhstan plant species: ... more Antimicrobial activity of 15 essential oil samples extracted from nine Kazakhstan plant species: Artemisia kotuchovii Kupr., Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit., Artemisia absinthium L., Ferula iliensis Krasn. ex Korovin, Ferula ovina (Boiss.) Boiss., Heracleum dissectum Ldb., Angelica decurrens (Ledeb.) B. Fedtsch., Thymus marschallianus Willd. and Juniperus sabina L. has been determined. Essential oils were obtained separately from various plant parts at different phases of vegetation. Essential oil from Thymus marschallianus had the highest inhibitory effect on all the strains of microorganisms tested; at 0.31 µg/ml, it completely inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. High antimicrobial activity also possessed the essential oils from roots of endemic species Ferula iliensis; at 0.31 µg/ml these essential oils completely inhibited the growth of Candida albicans, and at 2.5 µg/ml also inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and E...

Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”, 2021

The review describes the successive stages of work on the production of virus-free apple planting... more The review describes the successive stages of work on the production of virus-free apple planting stocks using biotechnology methods. Compositions of nutrient media, duration and temperature regime of plant material treatment, and other details for all stages of cryopreservation (cryotherapy), chemotherapy, detection of viruses are presented, methods of in vitro initiation, micropropagation, in vitro rooting and adaptation of plant material to the soil substrate are discussed. Virus-free collection of Malus domestica Borkh. and M. sieversii Ledeb. M. Roem. is preserved by in vitro culture and cold storage (+4 °C). Cryopreservation of shoot tips of apple historic cultivars and wild forms in liquid nitrogen at -196° will preserve this valuable material for a long time and, if necessary, can be used in breeding. Virus-free apple rootstocks and cultivars will be available to provide planting material of a super-elite class for local nurseries and in general will promote the development ...

BULLETIN of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. BIOSCIENCE Series, 2019

Two barberry species have been studied and preserved: Berberis iliensis M. Pop., Berberis integer... more Two barberry species have been studied and preserved: Berberis iliensis M. Pop., Berberis integerrima Bunge. As a result of work the in vitro collection consisting of 33 accessions of these species was established. Obtaining in vitro collection was placed for medium-term storage at 4 ◦ C. Optimal duration of cold storage is 12 months. Cryobank of shoot tips and seeds was created. Cryobank of seeds created at temperatures: 1) -196 ◦ C, seeds germination after defrosting – 80- 100%; 2) -20 ◦ C, seed germination after defrosting the average is 86,7%. Positive effect of storage at low temperatures on seeds germination was revealed. To study the qualitative and quantitative chemical composition 11 accessions of two barberry species were investigated. Fatty acids, fatty acids esters, alkanes, alkenes, alkadienes, aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes, fatty alcohols, triterpenoids, ketones, silicones, vitamins K, K 1 , K 2 were identified in studied accessions. In some barberry accessions carotenoid squalene, hydrocarbons 28-Nor-17-alpha and amide pyridine-3-carboximidamide were detected.

In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant, 2017

Potato germplasm held as field collections accumulate virus infections, making them unsuitable fo... more Potato germplasm held as field collections accumulate virus infections, making them unsuitable for distribution as planting stock. Elimination of these viruses from in vitro cultures provides healthy materials for germplasm distribution. An in vitro collection of 33 potato cultivars and hybrids was evaluated for five viruses: Potato leafroll virus (PLRV), Potato virus M (PVM), Potato virus S (PVS), Potato virus X (PVX), and Potato virus Y (PVY) by ELISA and RT-PCR. PLRV was not detected in any accessions. Seven accessions were singly infected by PVM, 15 were mix-infected by PVM and PVS, and four by PVM and PVY. One accession had both PVS and PVX, and one was mix-infected by PVM, PVS, and PVY. Two accessions were singly infected by PVY, and three were virus-free. Cryotherapy, chemotherapy, and a combination of both methods were tested on several potato accessions. For cryotherapy of shoot tips, the PVS2-vitrification protocol was used. Chemotherapy using prolonged culture with 100 mg L −1 ribavirin on PVM and PVS eradication was investigated both alone and combined with cryotherapy. Cryotherapy alone eliminated single PVM infection in 38.6% of shoot cultures, but totally virus-free shoots were not found in mix-infected accessions. Treatment with ribavirin alone was only effective for eliminating both PVM and PVS after three subcultures on ribavirin, or ribavirin followed by cryotherapy. Three subcultures on ribavirin followed by cryotherapy resulted in 100% virus-free potato shoots. Future studies will include cultivars infected with PVX and PVY. This is the first report of combined chemo-and cryotherapy for virus elimination in potato.

In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant, 2017

Many cryopreservation techniques are currently available, and it is common for new modifications ... more Many cryopreservation techniques are currently available, and it is common for new modifications to be developed for individual crops or specific genotypes. In this study, results of variations of the PVS2 cryopreservation protocol are compared to provide evidence for the suitability of a standard form of this technique for cryopreservation of a range of fruit, berry crops, and potato. Shoot cultures of Malus, Solanum, Lonicera, and Berberis were tested with variations of cold acclimation, pretreatment media, and PVS2 exposure times. A general protocol with some modifications was produced that was suitable for all four genera. The regenerative capacity of shoot tips after cryopreservation by this method exceeded a mean of 50% for Malus, Solanum, Lonicera, and Berberis, which is sufficient for setting storage in a cryobank. After liquid nitrogen storage, the shoot cultures that survived had a healthy appearance and developed rapidly. For each species tested, the only optimization required was the preparation of donor plants by cold acclimation and pretreatment. The choice of one common method simplifies the methodology for conducting experiments and storing a range of germplasm. The use of the PVS2 vitrification method with a 0.3-M sucrose pretreatment is multiuse and can be recommended as the most effective method for the cryopreservation of shoot tips from many plant species.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2016

Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation of the umbels+seeds and stems of Ferula akitsch... more Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation of the umbels+seeds and stems of Ferula akitschkensis (FAEO u/s and FAEO stm , respectively) and analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Fifty two compounds were identified in FAEO u/s. The primary components were sabinene, α-pinene, β-pinene, terpinen-4-ol, eremophilene, and 2himachalen-7-ol, while the primary components of FAEO stm were myristicin and geranylacetone. FAEO u/s , β-pinene, sabinene, γ-terpinene, geranylacetone, isobornyl acetate, and (E)-2-nonenal stimulated [Ca 2 ] i mobilization in human neutrophils, with the most potent being geranylacetone (EC 50 = 7.6 ± 1.9 µM) and isobornyl acetate 6.4 ± 1.7 (EC 50 = 7.6 ± 1.9 µM). In addition, treatment of neutrophils with β-pinene, sabinene, γ-terpinene, geranylacetone, and isobornyl acetate desensitized the cells to N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLF)-and interleukin-8 (IL-8)-induced [Ca 2 ] i flux and inhibited fMLF-induced chemotaxis. The effects of β-pinene, sabinene, γterpinene, geranylacetone, and isobornyl acetate on neutrophil [Ca 2+ ] i flux were inhibited by transient receptor potential (TRP) channel blockers. Furthermore, the most potent compound,