Sylvie Buteau - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Sylvie Buteau
Proceedings of SPIE, May 13, 2011
ABSTRACT Defence R&D Canada (DRDC) has developed, by the end of the 90s, a standoff bioae... more ABSTRACT Defence R&D Canada (DRDC) has developed, by the end of the 90s, a standoff bioaerosol sensor based on intensified range-gated spectrometric detection of Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF). This sensor called SINBAHD demonstrated the capability to detect and characterize bioaerosols from a stand-off position. The sensor sensitivity and false alarm rate directly depend on the background characteristics since these later will dictate the threshold levels to be used. SINBAHD was used to characterize the background aerosols in a maritime environment close to Halifax, Canada in May 2008. The characterization of the LIF signal from the background aerosols included spectral, temporal and spatial aspects over 8 nights of continuous data collection. The local environmental conditions in addition to the aerosol concentration and particle size distribution were recorded during the entire trial period. From the 64 LIF trials, only five showed specific spectral features. The spectral variability was encountered either at short range, thus closer to the shore, or during a night having a specific prevalent wind direction. Indeed, the detected anomalies were in most cases directly related to the climatic conditions. The integrated LIF signal was also processed to assess the use of LIF intensity to identify aerosol anomalies in a maritime environment.
Detection, Identification and Monitoring (DIM) of hazardous chemical, biological, and radiologica... more Detection, Identification and Monitoring (DIM) of hazardous chemical, biological, and radiological material is a critical component to Situational Awareness. Timely generated information just before and following a positive detection will lead to the most appropriate Course of Action (COA). The Technical Cooperation Program (TTCP) orchestrated a series of experiments to understand the operational limitations of new technologies in a Contested Urban Environment (CUE). One of the urban challenges occurred in Montreal, Canada in September 2018 where several technologies including a suite of biological DIM sensors were deployed. The urban environment adds complexity to the already challenging DIM task with potential line-of-sight limitations, changing wind conditions, complex communication spectrum, limited maneuverability, etc. The biological DIM suite deployed at this event included standoff, fixed point, mobile point and sampling, and identification sensing assets. The event revealed that the combination of various types of technologies might increase the overall system effectiveness. BioSense, a standoff technology, demonstrated its capacity to perform bio threat surveillance in urban environments having different constraints: short to long ranges; day and night operation; presence of various background sources; multiple surveillance areas without a deployment site having a line-of-sight on all of them and GPS-denied environment. The dedicated Chemical/Biological (CB) Sensor Data Viewer generated an integrated view of the available information from all sensors in real-time and provided a subset of this information to a central common operating software. The Class I mini UAS was equipped with an optical particle counter and filter collector membrane that was targeted to the appropriate location based on the cloud detected by the standoff sensor; and then, material classification obtained in near-real-time from the standoff spectral Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) interrogation was confirmed by simple post-processing of samples collected by the UAS.
Proceedings of SPIE, May 24, 1999
Piezo-mounted fiber-grating output coupler is proposed as a tuning element in an Er3+-doped fiber... more Piezo-mounted fiber-grating output coupler is proposed as a tuning element in an Er3+-doped fiber laser. Tuning range in excess of 2 nm has been obtained in the vicinity of 1.57 micrometers . Such a tuning element is both compatible with wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) and fiber laser intra-cavity spectroscopy (FLICS). CO leak detection was demonstrated using both geometries. (Delta) (alpha)
Proceedings of SPIE, Oct 6, 2011
Proceedings of SPIE, Apr 23, 2010
We have developed a small, relatively lightweight and efficient short range (<100 ... more We have developed a small, relatively lightweight and efficient short range (<100 m) LIDAR instrument for remotely detecting harmful bioagents. The system is based on a pulsed, eye-safe, 355 nm laser exciting aerosols which then fluoresce with a typical spectrum. The system makes use of a novel technology for continuously monitoring for the presence of unusual concentrations of bioaerosols at
Proceedings of SPIE, Apr 27, 2007
ABSTRACT A compact chamber was developed for the dissemination of biological aerosols. The chambe... more ABSTRACT A compact chamber was developed for the dissemination of biological aerosols. The chamber, measuring 110 cm in length, was designed according to short-range LIDAR principles, and will be used to simulate open-air releases of aerosols. Measurements, carried out by light-induced fluorescence (LIF) techniques, will be correlated with spectroscopic data obtained with a long-range lidar system owned by Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC). The chamber allows complete control over environmental factors, such as humidity, pressure and temperature, thus facilitating the creation of a trustworthy signature database for the standoff detection of bio-aerosols. Studies will also include the influence of growth stage, stress and growth media on the fluorescence spectra of various biological aerosols.
Proceedings of SPIE, Nov 9, 2005
ABSTRACT The biological threat has emerged as one of today's primary security challenges ... more ABSTRACT The biological threat has emerged as one of today's primary security challenges due to the increased accessibility to biological warfare technology and the limited efficiency of detection and protection measures against such menace. Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC) has investigated various methods, including the improvement of atmospheric bioaerosol monitoring, to increase the readiness against such threat. By the end of the 90s, DRDC developed a standoff bioaerosol sensor based on intensified range-gated spectrometric detection of Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF). This work has showed an important potential of detecting and discriminating in real-time several bioaerosols. The LIDAR system that monitors atmosphere cells from a standoff position induces specific spectrally wide fluorescence signals originating from inelastic interactions with complex molecules forming the building blocks of the bioaerosols. This LIF signal is spectrally collected by a combination of a dispersive element and a range-gated ICCD that records the spectral information within a range-selected atmospheric volume. To assess further the potential of discrimination of such technique, this innovative sensor was used to obtain spectral data of various natural bioaerosols. In order to evaluate the discrimination of biological agent simulants from naturally occurring background fluorescing materials, the obtained results were compared with the ones of bioaerosol simulants (Bacillius subtilis var globiggi (BG) and Erwinia herbicola (EH)) acquired in 2001. The robustness of the spectral data with time was also investigated. From our results, most of the studied natural materials showed a spectral shift of various degrees, and up to 10 nm, to the longer wavelength one year later.
Proceedings of SPIE, Oct 16, 2013
Proceedings of SPIE, Oct 16, 2013
ABSTRACT A standoff sensor called BioSense was developed to demonstrate the capacity to map, trac... more ABSTRACT A standoff sensor called BioSense was developed to demonstrate the capacity to map, track and classify bioaerosol clouds from a distant range and over wide area. The concept of the system is based on a two steps dynamic surveillance: 1) cloud detection using an infrared (IR) scanning cloud mapper and 2) cloud classification based on a staring ultraviolet (UV) Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) interrogation. The system can be operated either in an automatic surveillance mode or using manual intervention. The automatic surveillance operation includes several steps: mission planning, sensor deployment, background monitoring, surveillance, cloud detection, classification and finally alarm generation based on the classification result. One of the main challenges is the classification step which relies on a spectrally resolved UV LIF signature library. The construction of this library relies currently on in-chamber releases of various materials that are simultaneously characterized with the standoff sensor and referenced with point sensors such as Aerodynamic Particle Sizer® (APS). The system was tested at three different locations in order to evaluate its capacity to operate in diverse types of surroundings and various environmental conditions. The system showed generally good performances even though the troubleshooting of the system was not completed before initiating the Test and Evaluation (T&E) process. The standoff system performances appeared to be highly dependent on the type of challenges, on the climatic conditions and on the period of day. The real-time results combined with the experience acquired during the 2012 T & E allowed to identify future ameliorations and investigation avenues.
Proceedings of SPIE, Sep 17, 2009
Defence R&D Canada (DRDC) has developed, by the end of the 90s, a standoff bioaerosol... more Defence R&D Canada (DRDC) has developed, by the end of the 90s, a standoff bioaerosol sensor prototype based on intensified range-gated spectrometric detection of Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) called SINBAHD. This LIDAR system was used to characterize spectrally the LIF of bioaerosol agent simulants and obscurants during 57 cross-wind open-air releases at Suffield, CAN in July 2007. An autoclave and
Proceedings of SPIE, Sep 26, 2007
An efficient standoff biological warfare detection capability could become an important asset for... more An efficient standoff biological warfare detection capability could become an important asset for both defence and security communities based on the increasing biological threat and the limits of the presently existing protection systems. Defence R&D Canada (DRDC) has developed, by the end of the 90s, a standoff bioaerosol sensor prototype based on intensified range-gated spectrometric detection of Laser Induced Fluorescence
Proceedings of SPIE, Oct 7, 2010
A standoff bioaerosol sensor based on intensified range-gated spectrometric detection of Laser In... more A standoff bioaerosol sensor based on intensified range-gated spectrometric detection of Laser Induced Fluorescence was used to spectrally characterize bioaerosol simulants during in-chamber and open-air releases at Suffield, Canada, in August 2008 from a standoff position. In total, 42 in-chamber Bacillus atrophaeus (formerly Bacillus subtilis var globigii; BG) cloud and 27 open-air releases of either BG, Pantoea agglomerans (formerly Erwinia
Springer eBooks, 2008
Page 1. Chapter 16 Bioaerosol Standoff Monitoring Using Intensified Range-Gated Laser-Induced Flu... more Page 1. Chapter 16 Bioaerosol Standoff Monitoring Using Intensified Range-Gated Laser-Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy Sylvie Buteau1, Jean-R. Simard1, Pierre Lahaie1, Gilles Roy1, Pierre Mathieu1, Bernard Déry1, Jim Ho2, and John McFee2 ...
Proceedings of SPIE, Oct 18, 2006
One of today's primary security challenges is the emerging biological threat due to the incr... more One of today's primary security challenges is the emerging biological threat due to the increased accessibility to biological warfare technology and the limited efficiency of detection against such menace. At the end of the 90s, Defence R&D Canada developed a standoff bioaerosol ...
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Mar 1, 2008
International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems, Jun 1, 2008
The stand-off detection classification by laser induced fluorescence is the objective of the Bios... more The stand-off detection classification by laser induced fluorescence is the objective of the Biosense project. The sensor will perform the monitoring of a defined area around its location using an elastic lidar detector for particles cloud. The detection of cloud will trigger fluorescence probing of the cloud. To perform this task the area fluorescence background will be monitored in order to evaluate if a return signal changed. Using a simple signal model built with experimental data, we designed a detection and monitoring procedure for the fluorescence at a single location. Signal simulations have been performed to verify the operation of the system. The results of the simulation indicate the system is able to detect anomaly with small contrast between a signal and the background. The results will have to be extended to area surveillance and a more complete signal model for various environments in natural conditions is required
Proceedings of SPIE, May 13, 2011
ABSTRACT Defence R&D Canada (DRDC) has developed, by the end of the 90s, a standoff bioae... more ABSTRACT Defence R&D Canada (DRDC) has developed, by the end of the 90s, a standoff bioaerosol sensor based on intensified range-gated spectrometric detection of Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF). This sensor called SINBAHD demonstrated the capability to detect and characterize bioaerosols from a stand-off position. The sensor sensitivity and false alarm rate directly depend on the background characteristics since these later will dictate the threshold levels to be used. SINBAHD was used to characterize the background aerosols in a maritime environment close to Halifax, Canada in May 2008. The characterization of the LIF signal from the background aerosols included spectral, temporal and spatial aspects over 8 nights of continuous data collection. The local environmental conditions in addition to the aerosol concentration and particle size distribution were recorded during the entire trial period. From the 64 LIF trials, only five showed specific spectral features. The spectral variability was encountered either at short range, thus closer to the shore, or during a night having a specific prevalent wind direction. Indeed, the detected anomalies were in most cases directly related to the climatic conditions. The integrated LIF signal was also processed to assess the use of LIF intensity to identify aerosol anomalies in a maritime environment.
Detection, Identification and Monitoring (DIM) of hazardous chemical, biological, and radiologica... more Detection, Identification and Monitoring (DIM) of hazardous chemical, biological, and radiological material is a critical component to Situational Awareness. Timely generated information just before and following a positive detection will lead to the most appropriate Course of Action (COA). The Technical Cooperation Program (TTCP) orchestrated a series of experiments to understand the operational limitations of new technologies in a Contested Urban Environment (CUE). One of the urban challenges occurred in Montreal, Canada in September 2018 where several technologies including a suite of biological DIM sensors were deployed. The urban environment adds complexity to the already challenging DIM task with potential line-of-sight limitations, changing wind conditions, complex communication spectrum, limited maneuverability, etc. The biological DIM suite deployed at this event included standoff, fixed point, mobile point and sampling, and identification sensing assets. The event revealed that the combination of various types of technologies might increase the overall system effectiveness. BioSense, a standoff technology, demonstrated its capacity to perform bio threat surveillance in urban environments having different constraints: short to long ranges; day and night operation; presence of various background sources; multiple surveillance areas without a deployment site having a line-of-sight on all of them and GPS-denied environment. The dedicated Chemical/Biological (CB) Sensor Data Viewer generated an integrated view of the available information from all sensors in real-time and provided a subset of this information to a central common operating software. The Class I mini UAS was equipped with an optical particle counter and filter collector membrane that was targeted to the appropriate location based on the cloud detected by the standoff sensor; and then, material classification obtained in near-real-time from the standoff spectral Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) interrogation was confirmed by simple post-processing of samples collected by the UAS.
Proceedings of SPIE, May 24, 1999
Piezo-mounted fiber-grating output coupler is proposed as a tuning element in an Er3+-doped fiber... more Piezo-mounted fiber-grating output coupler is proposed as a tuning element in an Er3+-doped fiber laser. Tuning range in excess of 2 nm has been obtained in the vicinity of 1.57 micrometers . Such a tuning element is both compatible with wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) and fiber laser intra-cavity spectroscopy (FLICS). CO leak detection was demonstrated using both geometries. (Delta) (alpha)
Proceedings of SPIE, Oct 6, 2011
Proceedings of SPIE, Apr 23, 2010
We have developed a small, relatively lightweight and efficient short range (<100 ... more We have developed a small, relatively lightweight and efficient short range (<100 m) LIDAR instrument for remotely detecting harmful bioagents. The system is based on a pulsed, eye-safe, 355 nm laser exciting aerosols which then fluoresce with a typical spectrum. The system makes use of a novel technology for continuously monitoring for the presence of unusual concentrations of bioaerosols at
Proceedings of SPIE, Apr 27, 2007
ABSTRACT A compact chamber was developed for the dissemination of biological aerosols. The chambe... more ABSTRACT A compact chamber was developed for the dissemination of biological aerosols. The chamber, measuring 110 cm in length, was designed according to short-range LIDAR principles, and will be used to simulate open-air releases of aerosols. Measurements, carried out by light-induced fluorescence (LIF) techniques, will be correlated with spectroscopic data obtained with a long-range lidar system owned by Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC). The chamber allows complete control over environmental factors, such as humidity, pressure and temperature, thus facilitating the creation of a trustworthy signature database for the standoff detection of bio-aerosols. Studies will also include the influence of growth stage, stress and growth media on the fluorescence spectra of various biological aerosols.
Proceedings of SPIE, Nov 9, 2005
ABSTRACT The biological threat has emerged as one of today's primary security challenges ... more ABSTRACT The biological threat has emerged as one of today's primary security challenges due to the increased accessibility to biological warfare technology and the limited efficiency of detection and protection measures against such menace. Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC) has investigated various methods, including the improvement of atmospheric bioaerosol monitoring, to increase the readiness against such threat. By the end of the 90s, DRDC developed a standoff bioaerosol sensor based on intensified range-gated spectrometric detection of Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF). This work has showed an important potential of detecting and discriminating in real-time several bioaerosols. The LIDAR system that monitors atmosphere cells from a standoff position induces specific spectrally wide fluorescence signals originating from inelastic interactions with complex molecules forming the building blocks of the bioaerosols. This LIF signal is spectrally collected by a combination of a dispersive element and a range-gated ICCD that records the spectral information within a range-selected atmospheric volume. To assess further the potential of discrimination of such technique, this innovative sensor was used to obtain spectral data of various natural bioaerosols. In order to evaluate the discrimination of biological agent simulants from naturally occurring background fluorescing materials, the obtained results were compared with the ones of bioaerosol simulants (Bacillius subtilis var globiggi (BG) and Erwinia herbicola (EH)) acquired in 2001. The robustness of the spectral data with time was also investigated. From our results, most of the studied natural materials showed a spectral shift of various degrees, and up to 10 nm, to the longer wavelength one year later.
Proceedings of SPIE, Oct 16, 2013
Proceedings of SPIE, Oct 16, 2013
ABSTRACT A standoff sensor called BioSense was developed to demonstrate the capacity to map, trac... more ABSTRACT A standoff sensor called BioSense was developed to demonstrate the capacity to map, track and classify bioaerosol clouds from a distant range and over wide area. The concept of the system is based on a two steps dynamic surveillance: 1) cloud detection using an infrared (IR) scanning cloud mapper and 2) cloud classification based on a staring ultraviolet (UV) Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) interrogation. The system can be operated either in an automatic surveillance mode or using manual intervention. The automatic surveillance operation includes several steps: mission planning, sensor deployment, background monitoring, surveillance, cloud detection, classification and finally alarm generation based on the classification result. One of the main challenges is the classification step which relies on a spectrally resolved UV LIF signature library. The construction of this library relies currently on in-chamber releases of various materials that are simultaneously characterized with the standoff sensor and referenced with point sensors such as Aerodynamic Particle Sizer® (APS). The system was tested at three different locations in order to evaluate its capacity to operate in diverse types of surroundings and various environmental conditions. The system showed generally good performances even though the troubleshooting of the system was not completed before initiating the Test and Evaluation (T&E) process. The standoff system performances appeared to be highly dependent on the type of challenges, on the climatic conditions and on the period of day. The real-time results combined with the experience acquired during the 2012 T & E allowed to identify future ameliorations and investigation avenues.
Proceedings of SPIE, Sep 17, 2009
Defence R&D Canada (DRDC) has developed, by the end of the 90s, a standoff bioaerosol... more Defence R&D Canada (DRDC) has developed, by the end of the 90s, a standoff bioaerosol sensor prototype based on intensified range-gated spectrometric detection of Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) called SINBAHD. This LIDAR system was used to characterize spectrally the LIF of bioaerosol agent simulants and obscurants during 57 cross-wind open-air releases at Suffield, CAN in July 2007. An autoclave and
Proceedings of SPIE, Sep 26, 2007
An efficient standoff biological warfare detection capability could become an important asset for... more An efficient standoff biological warfare detection capability could become an important asset for both defence and security communities based on the increasing biological threat and the limits of the presently existing protection systems. Defence R&D Canada (DRDC) has developed, by the end of the 90s, a standoff bioaerosol sensor prototype based on intensified range-gated spectrometric detection of Laser Induced Fluorescence
Proceedings of SPIE, Oct 7, 2010
A standoff bioaerosol sensor based on intensified range-gated spectrometric detection of Laser In... more A standoff bioaerosol sensor based on intensified range-gated spectrometric detection of Laser Induced Fluorescence was used to spectrally characterize bioaerosol simulants during in-chamber and open-air releases at Suffield, Canada, in August 2008 from a standoff position. In total, 42 in-chamber Bacillus atrophaeus (formerly Bacillus subtilis var globigii; BG) cloud and 27 open-air releases of either BG, Pantoea agglomerans (formerly Erwinia
Springer eBooks, 2008
Page 1. Chapter 16 Bioaerosol Standoff Monitoring Using Intensified Range-Gated Laser-Induced Flu... more Page 1. Chapter 16 Bioaerosol Standoff Monitoring Using Intensified Range-Gated Laser-Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy Sylvie Buteau1, Jean-R. Simard1, Pierre Lahaie1, Gilles Roy1, Pierre Mathieu1, Bernard Déry1, Jim Ho2, and John McFee2 ...
Proceedings of SPIE, Oct 18, 2006
One of today's primary security challenges is the emerging biological threat due to the incr... more One of today's primary security challenges is the emerging biological threat due to the increased accessibility to biological warfare technology and the limited efficiency of detection against such menace. At the end of the 90s, Defence R&D Canada developed a standoff bioaerosol ...
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Mar 1, 2008
International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems, Jun 1, 2008
The stand-off detection classification by laser induced fluorescence is the objective of the Bios... more The stand-off detection classification by laser induced fluorescence is the objective of the Biosense project. The sensor will perform the monitoring of a defined area around its location using an elastic lidar detector for particles cloud. The detection of cloud will trigger fluorescence probing of the cloud. To perform this task the area fluorescence background will be monitored in order to evaluate if a return signal changed. Using a simple signal model built with experimental data, we designed a detection and monitoring procedure for the fluorescence at a single location. Signal simulations have been performed to verify the operation of the system. The results of the simulation indicate the system is able to detect anomaly with small contrast between a signal and the background. The results will have to be extended to area surveillance and a more complete signal model for various environments in natural conditions is required