Szilard Bartha - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Szilard Bartha
Romanian Agricultural Research, 2022
The aim of our research is to develop a floristic, phytocenological, ecological, cytogenetic, eco... more The aim of our research is to develop a floristic, phytocenological, ecological, cytogenetic, economic, syndynamic and ecoprotective study of the vegetation of the dominant grasslands of Festuca valesiaca Scleicher ex Gaudin and Agrostis capillaris L. in the North-West region of Romania. A numer of 20 phytocenological surveys were carried out in the most representative sample areas in order to find answers to the five objectives pursued. The species from the floristic inventory of the grasslands are included in the Association table according to the cenotic affinity criteria as characteristic and differential entities for the cenotaxons of the alliance, order and class. The phytocoenoses of the grasslands gathered in the association Agrostio-Festucetum valesiacae are statistically analysedin the results based on tables, histograms, dendrograms, diagrams on the distribution of species in ecological bioforms categories, phytogeographic elements, cytogenetic elements, ecological indices or factors: soil moisture, air temperature, soil chemical reaction. The succession dynamics of phytocoeneoses, the economic value and the productive potential, the sustainable and eco-protective management of the grasslands were all studied. The results thus obtained were compared with two reference papers belonging to authors who conducted more recent studies in different geographical regions. Eight conclusions were drafted in which both the results of the research and the original contribution of the authors are summarized.
Romanian Agricultural Research, 2021
The main purpose of this work is the development of a phytocenologic, ecological, bioeconomic and... more The main purpose of this work is the development of a phytocenologic, ecological, bioeconomic and eco-protective study of the natural meadows dominated by Festuca nigrescens and Scorzonera rosea in the Biharia Massif, Western Carpathians. In order to achieve the objectives pursued, a number of 11 phytocenologic surveys were performed on the most representative sample surfaces, homogeneous in terms of flora, with the same seasonal requirements and a similar physiognomy. The species from the floristic inventory were recorded in the association table subordinated to the corresponding coenotaxa, alliance, order, class, noted with the corresponding abundance and dominance coefficients. As a result, the phytocenoses of the association Scorzonero roseae-Festucetum nigricantis were surveyed on the basis of tables, charts, diagrams, histograms on the distribution of species according to the ecological factors i.e. humidity, temperature, soil chemical reaction, ecological categories of bioforms, phytogeographic and cytogenetic elements. The succession dynamics, the importance, and the sustainable and eco-protective management of these meadows were dealt with in our study. The results thus obtained were compared with four reference papers of some authors who have carried out research in different geographical areas. We found the rare, endangered, endemic species for which suitable household and conservation measures have been proposed.
Diversity
This paper presents a literature review of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) and the knowled... more This paper presents a literature review of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) and the knowledge accumulated by Romanian foresters and researchers, covering species propagation, stand management, and vulnerability issues. As highlighted by numerous authors, black locust manifests dual features, both as an exogenous species and one that is already naturalized. The main drivers for this species’ expansion in Romania is its ecological adaptability on degraded lands, fast growth, and high biomass yields, in addition to other economic benefits. Black locust plantations and coppices also offer an important range of ecosystem services such as CO2 sequestration, landscape reclamation, fuel wood, or maintaining traditional crafts in regions with little to no forest cover. Highlighted disadvantages include short lifespan, invasiveness when introduced on fertile sites, and dieback in drought/frost prone areas. The results of extensive research and studies are captured in technical norms, al...
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca: Horticulture, 2009
Taxus baccata is an ornamental tree, 3rd stature, with large-pyramidal crown and several stems. T... more Taxus baccata is an ornamental tree, 3rd stature, with large-pyramidal crown and several stems. The truncks are covered with red scales, the scales takes of in plates. The wood of Taxus baccata is compact, strong and is of a great demand in caving. The shoots are green, the buds are oval, are green color, and are clumped to the top of the shoots. The leaves are 2-3 cm long, 0.15-0.2 cm broad, dark-green on the adaxial side, light-green on the abaxial side. The flowers are unisexual and the plants are dioic. The seed is ovoid with a hard and brown tegument, covered by a fleshly aryl, green at the beginning, becoming red. The aryl is eatable but the plant contains poisoning alcaloid named taxyn. Taxus baccata vegetates also in vegetated areas from plain, as well as in vegetated areas from hills and mountains. It is resistant on frost, drought and dust. In Romania the species exhibits a restricted spread is little spread, tha cause might be the absence of the planting material. To rise...
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca: Horticulture, 2009
Roses growing inside greenhouses are usually performed in soils fertilized with organic and chemi... more Roses growing inside greenhouses are usually performed in soils fertilized with organic and chemical fertilizers. Having in view that, on such a soil, the nutrition demand control is extremely difficult to be achieved; the experiences which we have performed were placed on soil and on earthy brown coal, the thickness of which equaled 45 cm. The objective of these researches was mainly to check a series of fertilizing procedures, supposed and designed to allow the maintaining of an optimal mineral nutrition level, also to obtain satisfying production performances and superior economic efficiency of the current method of rose growing in the soil. Their graciousness and their highly productive potential place the rose among the most appreciated flowers, cut within our protected areas. The latest opinion survey, performed and achieved among the flower buyers and flower producers/florists in Europe, make the rose come on the second place, after carnations.
Rododendron grandiflorum is a shrub cultivated as decorative plant for its small, lasting and shi... more Rododendron grandiflorum is a shrub cultivated as decorative plant for its small, lasting and shining leaves, oval-elongated (3-5cm/2.5-3.5 cm), with short tail (0.5-1.5 cm) and for the various colored sepals (pink, red, violet) MATERIALS AND METHODS The cuttings were gathered on the first decade of November. There have been used 10-12 cm long cuttings. The experiment included 3 variantes: V 1 -rooting in perlite; V 2 -rooting in peat; V 3 -rooting in peat 50%+ perlite 50%. For each variant have been used 500 cutings. The cuttings were planted on 6x6 cm distance, 3 cm depth, before plenting the substratum has been trumped to eliminate the air baggs from the rooting area. The experiment took place in a green house, the thickness of the rooting substratum was 10-12 cm. In the rooting period the temperature oscillated between 10°C-24°C in air and 15°C-20°C in rooting substratum. The relative humidity oscillated between 75%-85%. The light was directioned by covering the cutttings with a...
Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, Oct 5, 2010
Tulip can be grown in parks as ornamental plant and cut flowers, or possibly in protected areas f... more Tulip can be grown in parks as ornamental plant and cut flowers, or possibly in protected areas for cut flowers during winter and early spring. An important condition for the successful cultivation of tulips is the quality of the bulbs that are going to be planted and their biological preparation. Under the quality aspect bulbs have to be uniform and large, preferably with circumference greater than 11 cm and must have good phytosanitarical status. Preparation of organic bulbs for ensuring the continuation of the differentiation process of germs (floral), is made during the storage. It is known that the preparation of organic bulbs are made in interaction with environmental factors, among which temperature plays an important role. At the beginning and throughout the process of biological preparation, temperature is maintained at a higher level then the temperature must be low until planting. The temperature level and the duration of treatment varies by followed objective respectively early or late flowering and staggered flowers production over a longer period of time.
The paper presents results of research on Turkey oak species (Quercus cerris L.) in the sampling ... more The paper presents results of research on Turkey oak species (Quercus cerris L.) in the sampling areas located in Bobotea Forest (Bihor co unty) and beyond (Tă�nad Forest district and Dumbrava"Beliu Forest district), which allowed us t o draw some conclusions on the their index pruning, but also on the variation of this index based on the biological origin of the trees within the area studied. Out of total 742 trees we analyzed, index pruning ranges between 0.06 and 0.9 with a mean value of 0.53.
Bioresources, 2020
Increasing demand for resonance spruce has led to gradual depletion of resources in traditional a... more Increasing demand for resonance spruce has led to gradual depletion of resources in traditional areas. Consequently, to meet the need for raw material to manufacture musical instruments, sorting has become the key operation of exploitation. This study was completed on the largest Romanian resonance wood resource, to maximize outputs of flitches for violin, cello, and double bass instruments by optimizing traditional requirements regarding quality of raw material with its current level. Ten resonance spruces were felled and gradually turned into semi-manufactured musical instruments. The material was analysed for defects in all stages of conversion. The frequency of zero defective samples was 60%. Evolution of defects along the trees indicated the tree section from 1 m to 12 m above the ground for musical instruments manufacturing. Output in terms of flitches ranged from one tree to another: between 19 and 32% if calculated from logs volume, and between 13 and 30% if calculated from ...
Forests
The most serious quality issue of natural resources for human consumption or medicinal purposes i... more The most serious quality issue of natural resources for human consumption or medicinal purposes is the contamination with pollutants harmful to consumers. Common blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.) is a sought-after nutraceutical and an important component in herbal medicine in many places around the globe. The present study aims to analyze the level of heavy metal bioaccumulation in blackberry organs, as well as its spatial distribution in two consecutive years immediately after the interruption of the extended activity of the industrial source of pollution. The research was conducted in one of the most polluted areas in Romania and Eastern Europe, within a 26 km radius of the source of pollution. The Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn concentrations in the leaves, flowers, and unwashed blackberry fruits were analyzed spectrophotometrically through flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). The results show that blackberry is an important bioaccumulator of these heavy metals—71% of the Pb concentra...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Honey is both a complex food and medicine as well as a healthy alternative to refined sugar. Besi... more Honey is both a complex food and medicine as well as a healthy alternative to refined sugar. Besides a complex mixture of carbohydrates, honey contains other minor substances which may threaten human health in excess concentrations. Several environmental conditions can affect the quality of honey. This research paper aims to measure the degree of heavy metals (Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn), and Copper (Cu)) in some polyfloral honey from an industrial area of Romania, considered to be one of the most polluted regions in Eastern Europe. The samples were collected from six stationary apiaries and analysed using the atomic absorption spectrometry method. The content of Pb was higher in the sampling areas exposed directly to the polluted air masses. Cd concentration decreases exponentially while Cu concentration increases as the distance from the source of pollution increases. The checking of the quality of polyfloral honey from local producers is imperative because this product is ...
Romanian Agricultural Research, 2022
The aim of our research is to develop a floristic, phytocenological, ecological, cytogenetic, eco... more The aim of our research is to develop a floristic, phytocenological, ecological, cytogenetic, economic, syndynamic and ecoprotective study of the vegetation of the dominant grasslands of Festuca valesiaca Scleicher ex Gaudin and Agrostis capillaris L. in the North-West region of Romania. A numer of 20 phytocenological surveys were carried out in the most representative sample areas in order to find answers to the five objectives pursued. The species from the floristic inventory of the grasslands are included in the Association table according to the cenotic affinity criteria as characteristic and differential entities for the cenotaxons of the alliance, order and class. The phytocoenoses of the grasslands gathered in the association Agrostio-Festucetum valesiacae are statistically analysedin the results based on tables, histograms, dendrograms, diagrams on the distribution of species in ecological bioforms categories, phytogeographic elements, cytogenetic elements, ecological indices or factors: soil moisture, air temperature, soil chemical reaction. The succession dynamics of phytocoeneoses, the economic value and the productive potential, the sustainable and eco-protective management of the grasslands were all studied. The results thus obtained were compared with two reference papers belonging to authors who conducted more recent studies in different geographical regions. Eight conclusions were drafted in which both the results of the research and the original contribution of the authors are summarized.
Romanian Agricultural Research, 2021
The main purpose of this work is the development of a phytocenologic, ecological, bioeconomic and... more The main purpose of this work is the development of a phytocenologic, ecological, bioeconomic and eco-protective study of the natural meadows dominated by Festuca nigrescens and Scorzonera rosea in the Biharia Massif, Western Carpathians. In order to achieve the objectives pursued, a number of 11 phytocenologic surveys were performed on the most representative sample surfaces, homogeneous in terms of flora, with the same seasonal requirements and a similar physiognomy. The species from the floristic inventory were recorded in the association table subordinated to the corresponding coenotaxa, alliance, order, class, noted with the corresponding abundance and dominance coefficients. As a result, the phytocenoses of the association Scorzonero roseae-Festucetum nigricantis were surveyed on the basis of tables, charts, diagrams, histograms on the distribution of species according to the ecological factors i.e. humidity, temperature, soil chemical reaction, ecological categories of bioforms, phytogeographic and cytogenetic elements. The succession dynamics, the importance, and the sustainable and eco-protective management of these meadows were dealt with in our study. The results thus obtained were compared with four reference papers of some authors who have carried out research in different geographical areas. We found the rare, endangered, endemic species for which suitable household and conservation measures have been proposed.
Diversity
This paper presents a literature review of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) and the knowled... more This paper presents a literature review of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) and the knowledge accumulated by Romanian foresters and researchers, covering species propagation, stand management, and vulnerability issues. As highlighted by numerous authors, black locust manifests dual features, both as an exogenous species and one that is already naturalized. The main drivers for this species’ expansion in Romania is its ecological adaptability on degraded lands, fast growth, and high biomass yields, in addition to other economic benefits. Black locust plantations and coppices also offer an important range of ecosystem services such as CO2 sequestration, landscape reclamation, fuel wood, or maintaining traditional crafts in regions with little to no forest cover. Highlighted disadvantages include short lifespan, invasiveness when introduced on fertile sites, and dieback in drought/frost prone areas. The results of extensive research and studies are captured in technical norms, al...
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca: Horticulture, 2009
Taxus baccata is an ornamental tree, 3rd stature, with large-pyramidal crown and several stems. T... more Taxus baccata is an ornamental tree, 3rd stature, with large-pyramidal crown and several stems. The truncks are covered with red scales, the scales takes of in plates. The wood of Taxus baccata is compact, strong and is of a great demand in caving. The shoots are green, the buds are oval, are green color, and are clumped to the top of the shoots. The leaves are 2-3 cm long, 0.15-0.2 cm broad, dark-green on the adaxial side, light-green on the abaxial side. The flowers are unisexual and the plants are dioic. The seed is ovoid with a hard and brown tegument, covered by a fleshly aryl, green at the beginning, becoming red. The aryl is eatable but the plant contains poisoning alcaloid named taxyn. Taxus baccata vegetates also in vegetated areas from plain, as well as in vegetated areas from hills and mountains. It is resistant on frost, drought and dust. In Romania the species exhibits a restricted spread is little spread, tha cause might be the absence of the planting material. To rise...
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca: Horticulture, 2009
Roses growing inside greenhouses are usually performed in soils fertilized with organic and chemi... more Roses growing inside greenhouses are usually performed in soils fertilized with organic and chemical fertilizers. Having in view that, on such a soil, the nutrition demand control is extremely difficult to be achieved; the experiences which we have performed were placed on soil and on earthy brown coal, the thickness of which equaled 45 cm. The objective of these researches was mainly to check a series of fertilizing procedures, supposed and designed to allow the maintaining of an optimal mineral nutrition level, also to obtain satisfying production performances and superior economic efficiency of the current method of rose growing in the soil. Their graciousness and their highly productive potential place the rose among the most appreciated flowers, cut within our protected areas. The latest opinion survey, performed and achieved among the flower buyers and flower producers/florists in Europe, make the rose come on the second place, after carnations.
Rododendron grandiflorum is a shrub cultivated as decorative plant for its small, lasting and shi... more Rododendron grandiflorum is a shrub cultivated as decorative plant for its small, lasting and shining leaves, oval-elongated (3-5cm/2.5-3.5 cm), with short tail (0.5-1.5 cm) and for the various colored sepals (pink, red, violet) MATERIALS AND METHODS The cuttings were gathered on the first decade of November. There have been used 10-12 cm long cuttings. The experiment included 3 variantes: V 1 -rooting in perlite; V 2 -rooting in peat; V 3 -rooting in peat 50%+ perlite 50%. For each variant have been used 500 cutings. The cuttings were planted on 6x6 cm distance, 3 cm depth, before plenting the substratum has been trumped to eliminate the air baggs from the rooting area. The experiment took place in a green house, the thickness of the rooting substratum was 10-12 cm. In the rooting period the temperature oscillated between 10°C-24°C in air and 15°C-20°C in rooting substratum. The relative humidity oscillated between 75%-85%. The light was directioned by covering the cutttings with a...
Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, Oct 5, 2010
Tulip can be grown in parks as ornamental plant and cut flowers, or possibly in protected areas f... more Tulip can be grown in parks as ornamental plant and cut flowers, or possibly in protected areas for cut flowers during winter and early spring. An important condition for the successful cultivation of tulips is the quality of the bulbs that are going to be planted and their biological preparation. Under the quality aspect bulbs have to be uniform and large, preferably with circumference greater than 11 cm and must have good phytosanitarical status. Preparation of organic bulbs for ensuring the continuation of the differentiation process of germs (floral), is made during the storage. It is known that the preparation of organic bulbs are made in interaction with environmental factors, among which temperature plays an important role. At the beginning and throughout the process of biological preparation, temperature is maintained at a higher level then the temperature must be low until planting. The temperature level and the duration of treatment varies by followed objective respectively early or late flowering and staggered flowers production over a longer period of time.
The paper presents results of research on Turkey oak species (Quercus cerris L.) in the sampling ... more The paper presents results of research on Turkey oak species (Quercus cerris L.) in the sampling areas located in Bobotea Forest (Bihor co unty) and beyond (Tă�nad Forest district and Dumbrava"Beliu Forest district), which allowed us t o draw some conclusions on the their index pruning, but also on the variation of this index based on the biological origin of the trees within the area studied. Out of total 742 trees we analyzed, index pruning ranges between 0.06 and 0.9 with a mean value of 0.53.
Bioresources, 2020
Increasing demand for resonance spruce has led to gradual depletion of resources in traditional a... more Increasing demand for resonance spruce has led to gradual depletion of resources in traditional areas. Consequently, to meet the need for raw material to manufacture musical instruments, sorting has become the key operation of exploitation. This study was completed on the largest Romanian resonance wood resource, to maximize outputs of flitches for violin, cello, and double bass instruments by optimizing traditional requirements regarding quality of raw material with its current level. Ten resonance spruces were felled and gradually turned into semi-manufactured musical instruments. The material was analysed for defects in all stages of conversion. The frequency of zero defective samples was 60%. Evolution of defects along the trees indicated the tree section from 1 m to 12 m above the ground for musical instruments manufacturing. Output in terms of flitches ranged from one tree to another: between 19 and 32% if calculated from logs volume, and between 13 and 30% if calculated from ...
Forests
The most serious quality issue of natural resources for human consumption or medicinal purposes i... more The most serious quality issue of natural resources for human consumption or medicinal purposes is the contamination with pollutants harmful to consumers. Common blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.) is a sought-after nutraceutical and an important component in herbal medicine in many places around the globe. The present study aims to analyze the level of heavy metal bioaccumulation in blackberry organs, as well as its spatial distribution in two consecutive years immediately after the interruption of the extended activity of the industrial source of pollution. The research was conducted in one of the most polluted areas in Romania and Eastern Europe, within a 26 km radius of the source of pollution. The Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn concentrations in the leaves, flowers, and unwashed blackberry fruits were analyzed spectrophotometrically through flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). The results show that blackberry is an important bioaccumulator of these heavy metals—71% of the Pb concentra...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Honey is both a complex food and medicine as well as a healthy alternative to refined sugar. Besi... more Honey is both a complex food and medicine as well as a healthy alternative to refined sugar. Besides a complex mixture of carbohydrates, honey contains other minor substances which may threaten human health in excess concentrations. Several environmental conditions can affect the quality of honey. This research paper aims to measure the degree of heavy metals (Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn), and Copper (Cu)) in some polyfloral honey from an industrial area of Romania, considered to be one of the most polluted regions in Eastern Europe. The samples were collected from six stationary apiaries and analysed using the atomic absorption spectrometry method. The content of Pb was higher in the sampling areas exposed directly to the polluted air masses. Cd concentration decreases exponentially while Cu concentration increases as the distance from the source of pollution increases. The checking of the quality of polyfloral honey from local producers is imperative because this product is ...