Tamiru Meleta - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Tamiru Meleta
East African Scholars journal of agriculture and life sciences, Jan 5, 2024
Though Faba bean is an important pulse crop grown in the highlands of Ethiopia, its productivity ... more Though Faba bean is an important pulse crop grown in the highlands of Ethiopia, its productivity is far below its potential due to several constraints, such as optimum plant density and fertilizer rates meant for major faba bean growing areas. Hence, a field experiment was conducted to determine the appropriate seeding and fertilizer rates for faba bean production at Holeta, Jima, Kulumsa, and Sinana areas during the 2019 to 2021 main cropping seasons. Factorial combinations of phosphorus fertilizer (23, 46, and 69 kg P2O5/ha), intra-row spacing (7, 10, and 13 cm), and inter-row spacing (30, 40, and 50 cm) were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Due to the non-homogeneity of variances across locations, a separate combined ANOVA was done for Kulumsa and Jimma that were found homogeneous. Similarly, a separate combined ANOVA over years was done for Holeta. On the other hand, Sinana's two-year data lacked homogeneity across years and with either of the other testing sites. Hence, results of each year presented. Based on the ANOVA results, the lowest fertilizer rates of 23 kg P2O5/ha together with 10 cm intra-row spacing and 40 cm inter-row spacing, were found to be optimum for the study areas around Kulumsa and Jimma while, the highest fertilizer rate of 69 kg P2O5/ha together with 10 cm intra-row spacing and 40 cm inter-row spacing, were found to be economically optimal for faba bean production in West Shewa acidic nitisols. On the other hand, to get reliable results, the experiment should be repeated at least once in one growing season at Sinan testing sites.
American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, Jan 10, 2024
East African Scholars journal of agriculture and life sciences, Feb 7, 2024
Afield experiment was conducted during bona season of 2019/2020 and 2021/2022 at two location Aga... more Afield experiment was conducted during bona season of 2019/2020 and 2021/2022 at two location Agarfa sub-site and Sinana on station to evaluate the integrated effects of pre-emergence herbicides and hand-weeding on weed control, yield components, yield, and their economic feasibility for cost effective weed control in field pea. The treatments consisted of three dual gold rates (1, 2 and 3 liter per hectares) and three times (0, 1and 2 times hand weeding). The experiment was laid out in a factorial arrangement of RBCD with three replications. Results indicated that Dual-gold 2 liter per hectare supplemented with hand weeding at 25-30 days after crop emergence resulted in the highest grain yield and economic benefit. However, in case labor is constraint and Preemergence herbicide is timely available, pre emergence application of Dual-gold 2 liter per hectare should be the alternative to prevent the yield loss and to ensure maximum net benefit for the producers. Thus, the result of this study, it can be tentatively concluded that herbicides application is an integral part of farmer's pulse crop management in modern agricultural systems.
American Journal of Life Sciences, 2021
The experiment was conducted on research field of Sinana Agricultural Research center and Goro su... more The experiment was conducted on research field of Sinana Agricultural Research center and Goro sub site in the highlands of Bale, south eastern Ethiopia under rain fed conditions during main cropping season of 2018 and 2019 to evaluate the integrated effects of pre-emergence (Dual gold 960 EC), post emergence (Gallant super) herbicides and hand weeding frequencies on yield and yield components of chick pea. The experiment consisted of eight weed management options; sole dual gold 960 EC, dual gold 960 EC + one time hand weeding at two weeks after crop emergence, and dual gold 960 EC at four weeks after crop emergence, sole gallant super, gallant super and one time hand weeding, weedy check, one time hand weeding at two weeks after crop emergence and two times hand weeding at two and four weeks after crop emergence along with two varieties (Dhera and Habru) laid out in randomized complete block (RCBD) with three replications. Analysis of variance showed that a significant difference in number of branches per plant, biological yield (kg ha-1), and grain yield (kg ha-1) were observed on different herbicidal treatments and hand weeding at Sinana while at Goro significant effects of integrated weed management were observed on dry matter, plant height, biological yield, grain yield and harvest index. The remains parameters studied at both locations were no significant for the treatments studied. The highest net return obtained from the application of 1.5 lit ha-1 dual gold 960 EC integrated with hand weeding at four weeks after crop emergence while the highest net return at Goro was obtained from two times hand weeding at two and four weeks after crop emergence and hence can be recommended for the end users. Moreover, similar experiments should be carried out in different cold and warmer regions of chickpea potential areas of the zone to confirm the present findings.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
The main factors responsible for low yield are less or more plant population and inadequate crop ... more The main factors responsible for low yield are less or more plant population and inadequate crop nutrition. As the plant density increases, the competition for resources especially for nitrogen also increases that badly affects the ultimate yield. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted at five multi-location of lowlands of Oromia in three zones, Bale (Dalomena and Sawena), East Shewa (AdamiTulu and Lume), and East Hararghe (Bedeno) districts in 2020/2021 off-season to investigate the response of nitrogen and seeding rates on the growth, yield and yield components of bread wheat variety under irrigation. The treatments consisted of five rates of nitrogen 0, 23, 46, 69, 92 kg ha-1 and three seed rates (125, 150 and 175 kg/ha) of Kakaba variety. The experiment was laid out as a randomized complete block design in a factorial arrangement and replicated three times. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences in the parameters studied. The results of this study reveale...
International Journal of Scientific Research in Agricultural Sciences, 2016
The experiment was conducted during 2011-2013 Bona/Meher cropping seasons for three consecutive y... more The experiment was conducted during 2011-2013 Bona/Meher cropping seasons for three consecutive years to study the direct influence of sowing date, seed rate and their interactions on faba bean. The experiment was laid out in split-plot with randomized complete block design (RCBD) in three replications. Four seed rates (175, 200, 225 and 250 kg/ha) were used as main plot and four sowing dates, which begun on the onset of the rain shower and with two week sowing date intervals to the rest three sowing dates were used as a subplot. The results of the three years data revealed that sowing date significantly affected all the tested parameters except 1000 seed weight. Seed yield was declined by 5, 23.3 and 67% from first to the fourth sowing dates respectively. On the other hand, seed rate had no significant effect on all parameters except for plant height. The interaction effect between sowing date and seed rate showed all the tested parameters were significantly affected. The data indicated that the highest plant height, number of pods plant-1 , number of seeds pod-1 , seed yield hectare-1 and 1000 seed weight were obtained at 250 kg/ha with third sowing, 200 kg/ha with first to third sowing, 250 kg/ha with second sowing, 250 kg/ha with first sowing and 175 kg/ha with third sowing date while the minimum value was obtained at fourth sowing date with consecutive seed rates. However, the partial budget analysis showed 175 kg/ha seed rates with early planting gave the highest marginal rate of return (MRR) and it was economical to produce faba bean in highlands of Bale. But, another seed rate experiment will be needed in the future with seed rates of less than 175 kg/ha for conclusive recommendations.
Research on Crops, 2014
Field experiment under dry direct seeded rice(Oryza sativa L.) was conducted during rainy season ... more Field experiment under dry direct seeded rice(Oryza sativa L.) was conducted during rainy season of 2010 and 2011 at Regional Agriculture Research Station (RARS), Parwanipur, Bara to develop appropriate weed management practices for dry direct-seeded rice. The trial was laid-out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) and replicated thrice. Observations were taken on weed, plant growth and yield attributing, yield, and socioeconomic parameters. The weed density, dry weed weight and weed control efficiency resulted significantly different as influenced by integrated weed management practices. Low weed population density, low weed index and highest weed control efficiency resulted by pendimethalin followed by 2, 4-D followed by one hand weeding were at par with weed free check. Highest yield resulted from weed free plot followed by pendimethalin followed by two hand weeding and pendimethalin followed by 2, 4-D followed by one hand weeding. However, the net return per unit investment resulted highest in pendimethalin followed by 2, 4-D followed by one hand weeding. This proved that amid increasing wage rate and labour scarcity integrated weed management through pendimethalin 30 EC (Stomp) @1 kg a. i. /ha as pre-emergence herbicide application followed by 2, 4-D sodium salt 80 WP @ 0.5 kg a. i. /ha followed by one hand weeding or stale seed bed followed by pendimethalin 30 EC (Stomp) @1 kg a. i. /ha followed by bispyribac (Nominee gold) @25 g a. i. /ha 10% @200 ml/ha at 20 days of seeding resulted best alternative for manual hand weeding practices giving higher net return per unit investment.
Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 2021
Variety and location specific plant density recommendation is one of the agronomic practices used... more Variety and location specific plant density recommendation is one of the agronomic practices used to increase the production and productivity of chickpea. However, there is a blanket recommendation across locations and varieties of chickpea in Ethiopia. Hence, Effects of blended NPS fertilizer rates and intra-row spacing on some agronomic traits of chickpea varieties were evaluated with the objective to find out the optimum amount of NPS fertilizer and intra-row spacing for chickpea production under midland conditions of Bale. The experiment was conducted using split plot design using chickpea varieties (ACOS Dubie and Habru) as main plots and NPS fertilizer rate and intra-row spacing as sub-plots with three replications. The main effect of variety showed significant effect on the number of days to mature, number of days to flower, plant height, biological and seed yield and hundred seed weight whereas, main effect of intra-row spacing did not show significant difference on all stud...
Agricultural Advances, Nov 20, 2020
Greener Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2019
Chickpea response to two varieties of chickpea (Arerti and Habr), two Rhizobial inoculants (EAL 0... more Chickpea response to two varieties of chickpea (Arerti and Habr), two Rhizobial inoculants (EAL 018 and EAL 029) and five P rate (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 kg P2O5 ha-1) were studied in split plot arrangements. Main plot consisted of varieties whereas P2O5 levels and Rhizobium strains were kept in subplot. The experiment was laid out at Goro, Bale Zone, Oromia Regional State during 2015/16 with the objective to determine the effectiveness of Rhizobium strains and phosphorus fertilizer application on two varieties of chickpea (Arerti and Habru).The nodulation rating, nodule volume and color were not significantly affected due to varieties. However, significant variation (P <0.05) was observed in number of nodule per plant (NNPP) and nodule dry weight (NDW) between varieties of chick pea, maximum NNPP and NDW was obtained from Arerti variety. All the nodulation parameters were significantly (P<0.05) affected due to rhizobium inoculation and P2O5 except the nodule color. Maximum nod...
Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is one of the main crops grown in Southeastern Ethiopia. Broadcasting i... more Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is one of the main crops grown in Southeastern Ethiopia. Broadcasting is the dominant planting method of faba bean production in the study area. An experiment was conducted on the effect of sowing method and seed rate on the growth, yield and yield components of faba bean at Sinana agricultural research center during 2013-2014 ‘Bona/meher’ cropping seasons. Two faba bean cultivars (Shallo and Gebelcho), Two sowing methods (Broadcast and row planting), Five seed rates (125, 150, 175, 200 and 225 kg/ha) were laid out in split-spilt plot with randomized complete block design (RCBD) in three replications. SAS, computer software was used to compute the analysis of variance. The results revealed that cultivars significantly affected seed and biomass yield, harvest index and 1000 seed weight. Gebelcho cultivar surpasses shallo. Similarly sowing method also significantly affected plant height, pods plant -1 , biomass and seed yield. The seed yield gained by row sow...
American Journal of Plant Biology
Scientific Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences
This article was published in an Sjournals journal. The attached copy is furnished to the author ... more This article was published in an Sjournals journal. The attached copy is furnished to the author for non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution, sharing with colleagues and providing to institution administration. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copied, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Sjournals΄s archiving and manuscript policies
East African Scholars journal of agriculture and life sciences, Jan 5, 2024
Though Faba bean is an important pulse crop grown in the highlands of Ethiopia, its productivity ... more Though Faba bean is an important pulse crop grown in the highlands of Ethiopia, its productivity is far below its potential due to several constraints, such as optimum plant density and fertilizer rates meant for major faba bean growing areas. Hence, a field experiment was conducted to determine the appropriate seeding and fertilizer rates for faba bean production at Holeta, Jima, Kulumsa, and Sinana areas during the 2019 to 2021 main cropping seasons. Factorial combinations of phosphorus fertilizer (23, 46, and 69 kg P2O5/ha), intra-row spacing (7, 10, and 13 cm), and inter-row spacing (30, 40, and 50 cm) were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Due to the non-homogeneity of variances across locations, a separate combined ANOVA was done for Kulumsa and Jimma that were found homogeneous. Similarly, a separate combined ANOVA over years was done for Holeta. On the other hand, Sinana's two-year data lacked homogeneity across years and with either of the other testing sites. Hence, results of each year presented. Based on the ANOVA results, the lowest fertilizer rates of 23 kg P2O5/ha together with 10 cm intra-row spacing and 40 cm inter-row spacing, were found to be optimum for the study areas around Kulumsa and Jimma while, the highest fertilizer rate of 69 kg P2O5/ha together with 10 cm intra-row spacing and 40 cm inter-row spacing, were found to be economically optimal for faba bean production in West Shewa acidic nitisols. On the other hand, to get reliable results, the experiment should be repeated at least once in one growing season at Sinan testing sites.
American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, Jan 10, 2024
East African Scholars journal of agriculture and life sciences, Feb 7, 2024
Afield experiment was conducted during bona season of 2019/2020 and 2021/2022 at two location Aga... more Afield experiment was conducted during bona season of 2019/2020 and 2021/2022 at two location Agarfa sub-site and Sinana on station to evaluate the integrated effects of pre-emergence herbicides and hand-weeding on weed control, yield components, yield, and their economic feasibility for cost effective weed control in field pea. The treatments consisted of three dual gold rates (1, 2 and 3 liter per hectares) and three times (0, 1and 2 times hand weeding). The experiment was laid out in a factorial arrangement of RBCD with three replications. Results indicated that Dual-gold 2 liter per hectare supplemented with hand weeding at 25-30 days after crop emergence resulted in the highest grain yield and economic benefit. However, in case labor is constraint and Preemergence herbicide is timely available, pre emergence application of Dual-gold 2 liter per hectare should be the alternative to prevent the yield loss and to ensure maximum net benefit for the producers. Thus, the result of this study, it can be tentatively concluded that herbicides application is an integral part of farmer's pulse crop management in modern agricultural systems.
American Journal of Life Sciences, 2021
The experiment was conducted on research field of Sinana Agricultural Research center and Goro su... more The experiment was conducted on research field of Sinana Agricultural Research center and Goro sub site in the highlands of Bale, south eastern Ethiopia under rain fed conditions during main cropping season of 2018 and 2019 to evaluate the integrated effects of pre-emergence (Dual gold 960 EC), post emergence (Gallant super) herbicides and hand weeding frequencies on yield and yield components of chick pea. The experiment consisted of eight weed management options; sole dual gold 960 EC, dual gold 960 EC + one time hand weeding at two weeks after crop emergence, and dual gold 960 EC at four weeks after crop emergence, sole gallant super, gallant super and one time hand weeding, weedy check, one time hand weeding at two weeks after crop emergence and two times hand weeding at two and four weeks after crop emergence along with two varieties (Dhera and Habru) laid out in randomized complete block (RCBD) with three replications. Analysis of variance showed that a significant difference in number of branches per plant, biological yield (kg ha-1), and grain yield (kg ha-1) were observed on different herbicidal treatments and hand weeding at Sinana while at Goro significant effects of integrated weed management were observed on dry matter, plant height, biological yield, grain yield and harvest index. The remains parameters studied at both locations were no significant for the treatments studied. The highest net return obtained from the application of 1.5 lit ha-1 dual gold 960 EC integrated with hand weeding at four weeks after crop emergence while the highest net return at Goro was obtained from two times hand weeding at two and four weeks after crop emergence and hence can be recommended for the end users. Moreover, similar experiments should be carried out in different cold and warmer regions of chickpea potential areas of the zone to confirm the present findings.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
The main factors responsible for low yield are less or more plant population and inadequate crop ... more The main factors responsible for low yield are less or more plant population and inadequate crop nutrition. As the plant density increases, the competition for resources especially for nitrogen also increases that badly affects the ultimate yield. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted at five multi-location of lowlands of Oromia in three zones, Bale (Dalomena and Sawena), East Shewa (AdamiTulu and Lume), and East Hararghe (Bedeno) districts in 2020/2021 off-season to investigate the response of nitrogen and seeding rates on the growth, yield and yield components of bread wheat variety under irrigation. The treatments consisted of five rates of nitrogen 0, 23, 46, 69, 92 kg ha-1 and three seed rates (125, 150 and 175 kg/ha) of Kakaba variety. The experiment was laid out as a randomized complete block design in a factorial arrangement and replicated three times. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences in the parameters studied. The results of this study reveale...
International Journal of Scientific Research in Agricultural Sciences, 2016
The experiment was conducted during 2011-2013 Bona/Meher cropping seasons for three consecutive y... more The experiment was conducted during 2011-2013 Bona/Meher cropping seasons for three consecutive years to study the direct influence of sowing date, seed rate and their interactions on faba bean. The experiment was laid out in split-plot with randomized complete block design (RCBD) in three replications. Four seed rates (175, 200, 225 and 250 kg/ha) were used as main plot and four sowing dates, which begun on the onset of the rain shower and with two week sowing date intervals to the rest three sowing dates were used as a subplot. The results of the three years data revealed that sowing date significantly affected all the tested parameters except 1000 seed weight. Seed yield was declined by 5, 23.3 and 67% from first to the fourth sowing dates respectively. On the other hand, seed rate had no significant effect on all parameters except for plant height. The interaction effect between sowing date and seed rate showed all the tested parameters were significantly affected. The data indicated that the highest plant height, number of pods plant-1 , number of seeds pod-1 , seed yield hectare-1 and 1000 seed weight were obtained at 250 kg/ha with third sowing, 200 kg/ha with first to third sowing, 250 kg/ha with second sowing, 250 kg/ha with first sowing and 175 kg/ha with third sowing date while the minimum value was obtained at fourth sowing date with consecutive seed rates. However, the partial budget analysis showed 175 kg/ha seed rates with early planting gave the highest marginal rate of return (MRR) and it was economical to produce faba bean in highlands of Bale. But, another seed rate experiment will be needed in the future with seed rates of less than 175 kg/ha for conclusive recommendations.
Research on Crops, 2014
Field experiment under dry direct seeded rice(Oryza sativa L.) was conducted during rainy season ... more Field experiment under dry direct seeded rice(Oryza sativa L.) was conducted during rainy season of 2010 and 2011 at Regional Agriculture Research Station (RARS), Parwanipur, Bara to develop appropriate weed management practices for dry direct-seeded rice. The trial was laid-out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) and replicated thrice. Observations were taken on weed, plant growth and yield attributing, yield, and socioeconomic parameters. The weed density, dry weed weight and weed control efficiency resulted significantly different as influenced by integrated weed management practices. Low weed population density, low weed index and highest weed control efficiency resulted by pendimethalin followed by 2, 4-D followed by one hand weeding were at par with weed free check. Highest yield resulted from weed free plot followed by pendimethalin followed by two hand weeding and pendimethalin followed by 2, 4-D followed by one hand weeding. However, the net return per unit investment resulted highest in pendimethalin followed by 2, 4-D followed by one hand weeding. This proved that amid increasing wage rate and labour scarcity integrated weed management through pendimethalin 30 EC (Stomp) @1 kg a. i. /ha as pre-emergence herbicide application followed by 2, 4-D sodium salt 80 WP @ 0.5 kg a. i. /ha followed by one hand weeding or stale seed bed followed by pendimethalin 30 EC (Stomp) @1 kg a. i. /ha followed by bispyribac (Nominee gold) @25 g a. i. /ha 10% @200 ml/ha at 20 days of seeding resulted best alternative for manual hand weeding practices giving higher net return per unit investment.
Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 2021
Variety and location specific plant density recommendation is one of the agronomic practices used... more Variety and location specific plant density recommendation is one of the agronomic practices used to increase the production and productivity of chickpea. However, there is a blanket recommendation across locations and varieties of chickpea in Ethiopia. Hence, Effects of blended NPS fertilizer rates and intra-row spacing on some agronomic traits of chickpea varieties were evaluated with the objective to find out the optimum amount of NPS fertilizer and intra-row spacing for chickpea production under midland conditions of Bale. The experiment was conducted using split plot design using chickpea varieties (ACOS Dubie and Habru) as main plots and NPS fertilizer rate and intra-row spacing as sub-plots with three replications. The main effect of variety showed significant effect on the number of days to mature, number of days to flower, plant height, biological and seed yield and hundred seed weight whereas, main effect of intra-row spacing did not show significant difference on all stud...
Agricultural Advances, Nov 20, 2020
Greener Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2019
Chickpea response to two varieties of chickpea (Arerti and Habr), two Rhizobial inoculants (EAL 0... more Chickpea response to two varieties of chickpea (Arerti and Habr), two Rhizobial inoculants (EAL 018 and EAL 029) and five P rate (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 kg P2O5 ha-1) were studied in split plot arrangements. Main plot consisted of varieties whereas P2O5 levels and Rhizobium strains were kept in subplot. The experiment was laid out at Goro, Bale Zone, Oromia Regional State during 2015/16 with the objective to determine the effectiveness of Rhizobium strains and phosphorus fertilizer application on two varieties of chickpea (Arerti and Habru).The nodulation rating, nodule volume and color were not significantly affected due to varieties. However, significant variation (P <0.05) was observed in number of nodule per plant (NNPP) and nodule dry weight (NDW) between varieties of chick pea, maximum NNPP and NDW was obtained from Arerti variety. All the nodulation parameters were significantly (P<0.05) affected due to rhizobium inoculation and P2O5 except the nodule color. Maximum nod...
Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is one of the main crops grown in Southeastern Ethiopia. Broadcasting i... more Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is one of the main crops grown in Southeastern Ethiopia. Broadcasting is the dominant planting method of faba bean production in the study area. An experiment was conducted on the effect of sowing method and seed rate on the growth, yield and yield components of faba bean at Sinana agricultural research center during 2013-2014 ‘Bona/meher’ cropping seasons. Two faba bean cultivars (Shallo and Gebelcho), Two sowing methods (Broadcast and row planting), Five seed rates (125, 150, 175, 200 and 225 kg/ha) were laid out in split-spilt plot with randomized complete block design (RCBD) in three replications. SAS, computer software was used to compute the analysis of variance. The results revealed that cultivars significantly affected seed and biomass yield, harvest index and 1000 seed weight. Gebelcho cultivar surpasses shallo. Similarly sowing method also significantly affected plant height, pods plant -1 , biomass and seed yield. The seed yield gained by row sow...
American Journal of Plant Biology
Scientific Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences
This article was published in an Sjournals journal. The attached copy is furnished to the author ... more This article was published in an Sjournals journal. The attached copy is furnished to the author for non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution, sharing with colleagues and providing to institution administration. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copied, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Sjournals΄s archiving and manuscript policies