Tammy Marche - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Tammy Marche

British Journal of Psychology, Jan 14, 2015

to beto bring it within manageable levels upon which, as Stossel describes, the disorder can be t... more to beto bring it within manageable levels upon which, as Stossel describes, the disorder can be transformed from a debilitating condition into a helpful vigilance and appreciation for life. One truly fascinating aspect of the book is the many quotations found at the beginning of each chapter and occasionally in between paragraphs. These quotes, from writers, poets, and scientists throughout the ages, all speak of anxiety in different ways and I found the various forms of anxiety exceedingly well described. Consider this quote from page five: 'Anxiety kills relatively few people, but many more would welcome death as an alternative to the paralysis and suffering resulting from anxiety in its severe forms' (David H. Barlow, Anxiety and Its Disorders, 2004). Stossel's mention of catastrophizing, that is, the constant ability to imagine the very worst outcomes regardless of possibility, is likely to resonate with many anxiety sufferers. The author even goes on to share a fear, again, not uncommon, when anxiety is at its worst: 'If I detect a small bump on my face while shaving, I immediately worry that it is not (as is most likely) a burgeoning pimple but rather a malignant and possibly fatal tumor' (282). Such is the mind of one person suffering with anxiety; it will be reassuring for patients to learn that they are not alone at all with such fears. There is no better resource and source of solidarity than Stossel's book for sufferers of anxiety disorders, or for their loved ones who may want to know more about the disorder, or for clinicians and therapists who may wish to learn about the personal impact, fears, and pain of anxiety disorder.

Pain Research & Management, 2009

Douleurs : Evaluation - Diagnostic - Traitement, Jun 1, 2004

Chantal Wood-Pillette [5] * Cet article a fait l'objet d'une présentation par le Pr Carl von Baey... more Chantal Wood-Pillette [5] * Cet article a fait l'objet d'une présentation par le Pr Carl von Baeyer au Congrès de la Société d'Étude et de Traitement de la Douleur (SETD) le 13 novembre 2003.

Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, May 31, 2020

The present research sought to examine the interrelations of emotion, crime characteristics, and ... more The present research sought to examine the interrelations of emotion, crime characteristics, and self-reported psychopathy; and to examine criterion related validity of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale Short-Form (SRP-SF). One hundred Canadian adult male offenders were interviewed with a series of structured questionnaires examining offense-related distress, shame, and guilt; offense instrumentality-reactivity; psychopathy; and institutional violence. Results revealed a significant negative association between SRP-measured psychopathy and offense-related guilt, but not offense-related shame or distress. Higher psychopathy scores were also associated with greater planning and control of the offense, higher levels of anger during the offense, and engagement in institutional violence. Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) analyses demonstrated SRP total, affective, and lifestyle facet scores yielded the strongest predictive accuracy for institutional violence followed by the interpersonal and antisocial facets. Results provide support for the predictive accuracy and construct validity of SRP-SF. Findings also reflect the instrumental-reactivity continuum of offenses with potential implications for the treatment and correctional needs of high psychopathy men, both in terms of emotional and interpersonal areas, in addition to the more traditionally targeted criminogenic foci. Researchers and clinician alike are encouraged to further explore this understudied topic.

International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, Dec 13, 2020

The limited research concerning trauma secondary to committing crime in justice-involved persons ... more The limited research concerning trauma secondary to committing crime in justice-involved persons has been restricted to male forensic psychiatric and violent offender populations. We aimed to extend this by examining justice-involved persons' memories about their crimes, and exploring factors involved in intrusive memories across offence types. One hundred justice-involved adult males completed a questionnaire package examining offencerelated shame, guilt, instrumentality-reactivity, and memory characteristics. Forty-three percent reported intrusive memories of a crime they committed. These were experienced across all crime types, especially those with reactive elements. Shame was found to be the most significant correlate of intrusive memories over and above all other factors. While further research is needed (e.g., with justice-involved women), results are in line with theoretical foundations of posttraumatic stress disorder and shed light on psychological consequences of offending. The findings have implications for clinicians and researchers alike, in that intrusive memories and shame may be precipitating factors for related risk factors and would relatedly be worth considering when evaluating patterns of violence and creating relapse prevention plans.

Memory, Jul 1, 2009

Past research has demonstrated that cognitive triage (weak-strong-weak recall pattern) is a robus... more Past research has demonstrated that cognitive triage (weak-strong-weak recall pattern) is a robust effect that optimizes children's recall. The aim of the current research was to determine whether adults' free recall also exhibits triage and whether cognitive triage is less marked with older than younger adults' recall. Younger and older adults memorized 16 unrelated words until all items were recalled perfectly. The triage pattern existed for both of the younger and older adults' recall and there was evidence for age differences in triage. Our results are consistent with claims of greater verbatim forgetting and increased susceptibility to output interference with age in adulthood. Further research is needed to determine whether fuzzy-trace theory adequately explains the aging of triage and what factors play a role in the development of this pattern of recall in adulthood.

Journal of Pediatric Psychology, Dec 14, 2015

Objective Given that forgetting negative experiences can help children cope with these experience... more Objective Given that forgetting negative experiences can help children cope with these experiences, we examined their ability to forget negative aspects of painful events. Methods 86 children aged 7-15 years participated in a retrieval-induced forgetting task whereby they repeatedly retrieved positive details of a physically painful experience, and an experimental pain task (cold-pressor task). Results Repeatedly retrieving positive details of a prior pain experience produced forgetting of the negative aspects of that experience. Pain-related self-efficacy predicted retrieval-induced forgetting; children with a poorer belief in their ability to cope with pain experienced less forgetting. Children who had a more difficult time forgetting prior negative experiences were more anxious about the pain task and reported higher pain thresholds. Conclusions Understanding children's memory for painful experiences may help improve their pain management and coping ability.

Applied Cognitive Psychology, Sep 15, 2009

We studied the extent to which subjective ratings of memory phenomenology discriminate true‐ and ... more We studied the extent to which subjective ratings of memory phenomenology discriminate true‐ and false‐memory responses, and whether degree of gist‐based processing influences false memory and phenomenology, in a classic forensic task, the Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale (GSS). Participants heard a narrative of a robbery followed by suggestive questions about the content of the narrative. They were asked to rate the items they recognized as studied using the Memory Characteristics Questionnaire (MCQ). Consistent with studies of word lists, there were phenomenological differences between true and false memory responses: memory phenomenology was richer for true than for false memories, which supports opponent‐process accounts of false memory such as fuzzy‐trace theory. Thus, phenomenology is a useful means for differentiating experienced from non‐experienced events in forensic contexts. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 2013

Previous research has suggested that, when interviewing young children, responses to yes/no quest... more Previous research has suggested that, when interviewing young children, responses to yes/no questions are less reliable than responses to multiple-choice questions (Peterson & Grant, 2001). However, according to fuzzy trace theory, some forms of multiple-choice questions should elicit higher error rates than yes/no questions. Fuzzy trace theory is a theory of cognitive development that suggests there are two types of memory traces: Verbatim traces include exact details of an experience, whereas gist traces represent the patterns and meanings extracted from that experience. Based on the assumptions of this theory, we explored the effect of question format (yes/no vs. multiple-choice), temporal delay (short delay vs. long delay) and age (4-to 6-year-olds, 7-to 9-year-olds, and 10-to 12-year-olds) on children's suggestibility for a naturalistic, potentially stressful event; namely, a dental procedure. Following the dental procedure, and again after a 6-to 8-week delay, children (N ϭ 68) were given 24 forced-choice questions regarding the dental event. Consistent with fuzzy trace theory, the findings suggest that (a) multiple-choice questions can be more problematic than yes/no questions, especially after a delay, and (b) younger children are more suggestible than older children, particularly when asked "no" and "absent feature" questions. The findings are discussed with respect to implications for interviewing children.

Introduction: The Importance of Child Witnesses - Why Study Them? Are They Reliable? What do We K... more Introduction: The Importance of Child Witnesses - Why Study Them? Are They Reliable? What do We Know of Infant and Childhood Memory Development? Theory and Processes in Memory Development: Infancy and Early Childhood P.Bauer Feats of Early Memory: Courtroom Tales of What Adults Claim to Remember About Early Childhood Events M.Howe Theory and Processes in Memory Development: Childhood to Adolescence J.Corbin, E.Wilhelms, V.Reyna and C.Brainerd Children as Eyewitnesses: Historical Background and Factors Affecting Children's Eyewitness Testimony T.Odegard and M.Toglia Children's Memory for Emotionally Negative Experiences: An Eyewitness Memory Perspective T.Marche and K.Salmon Investigative Interviews of Children D.Poole and J.Dickinson The Law and Science of Children's Testimonial Competence J.Klemfuss and S.Ceci Child Eyewitness Person Descriptions and Lineup Identifications J.Pozzulo The Psychology of the Missing: Missing and Abducted Children J.Lampinen, C.Peters, V.Gier and L.Sweeney Conclusions and Next Steps for Researchers and Practitioners M.Lawler, D.Bederian-Gardner and G. Goodman

Clinical and memory research has shown that depressive symptoms may lead to a negative bias in me... more Clinical and memory research has shown that depressive symptoms may lead to a negative bias in memory recall. This bias results in disproportionately recalling negative memories and events, which may perpetuate and support depressive symptomatology. The current books experimentally investigates if these biases extend to dysphoric individuals' recall, potentially resulting in negatively biased false memories (i.e., recalling details or events that have never in fact occurred). The implications for clinical practice, as well as eyewitness testimony are explored. Book contents include a review of memory bias research, suggestibility and clinical psychological variables that may increase propensity for producing false memories. Study design, results and discussion follow. This book will appeal to mental health clinicians working in the area of mood and depression, professionals in the legal area dealing with memory accuracy and academics in the areas of clinical psychology, memory and individual differences.

British Journal of Psychology, Jul 16, 2012

Perllliaeion hae been qranted to the Nuionlll Library , of Canada to .icrofilm this thesb and , .... more Perllliaeion hae been qranted to the Nuionlll Library , of Canada to .icrofilm this thesb and , .ee lend or lIell cOI?ies of the fUm. " •' , , >"~a\~ut~~r8~c~~:~qh\o:~eer~. .~pUblication riqhte, an d. . neither ' eu e. thesis nor extensive ''"e x t r a c t s. from it may : be printed or otherwise reproduced without his/her written per~lB8ion. ' L'aut.orhatlon a 't.6 e.-ccord'. 1 la Bibliothl\que~ationale du .e eneae de ' .icrotillier eeeee thltse ' et. de prater ou de venare-des~xelllplaires' du film. ' " '" ". " f ". L'auteur. (tit.ulaire du o droit d'aut.e ur) 8e ' rllserve 1.e '•-: aut.ree., droitll fte publieati,onr. A-1 a-. • t.h l e~, ni':'\._4e , longe strait.1I ee. oel-"e-01 ne. d01vent itre imp rim611 au autrellent reprodq,i t.1I sans son autorhat.ion ,or'ite. \ .' " , ". ,

Collected Essays on Learning and Teaching, Jun 19, 2012

Research points to the pedagogical value of an engaged and community service-learning approach to... more Research points to the pedagogical value of an engaged and community service-learning approach to developing understanding of course content (Astin, Vogelgesang, Ikeda, & Yee, 2000). To help students achieve a better understanding of how the discipline of psychology contributes to the discipline of law, some students in a second year psychology class participated in a community-based research project, partnering with the Elizabeth Fry Society and the John Howard Society. The objective of the study was to determine whether there are differences in attitudes towards the criminal justice system between individuals who have, and have not, been in conflict with the law. The student-researchers interviewed men and women from the John Howard and Elizabeth Fry Societies, who had been in conflict with the law, regarding their attitudes toward the criminal justice system, and compared their responses to those given by undergraduate psychology students who did not participate as student-researchers in the project. Responses revealed some commonalities (e.g., recommendations to change sentencing practices) as well as differences (e.g., satisfaction with the justice system). The students wrote a research report describing the findings of the study as well as their reflections on their experience. In addition to the positive feedback received from the community organizations, the students participating in the project reported that they found it to be a positive, enriching, and rewarding experience.