Pascal Tanner - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Pascal Tanner

Religionstrends in der Schweiz

ZusammenfassungImmer mehr Menschen in der Schweiz sagen von sich selbst, dass sie keiner Konfessi... more ZusammenfassungImmer mehr Menschen in der Schweiz sagen von sich selbst, dass sie keiner Konfession oder Religion angehören. Aktuell bilden sie zusammen mit reformiert zugehörigen und katholisch zugehörigen Personen eine der drei größten Gruppen – je nach Datensatz und Erhebungsmethode seit Kurzem sogar die größte von allen. In diesem Beitrag stehen religionslose Personen und damit das Phänomen derindividuellen Religionslosigkeitim Mittelpunkt. Vertieft untersucht werden die beiden folgenden Aspekte: Einerseits schlägt der Beitrag eine Brücke zum allgemeinen Forschungsdiskurs über Religionslosigkeit. Er fragt danach, wie sich in der Schweiz wohnhafte religionslose Personen aktuell beschreiben lassen in Bezug auf Soziodemografie, Spiritualität, Religiosität und Sozialisation. Dabei wird deutlich, was sich bereits an anderer Stelle zeigte: Religionslose sind vergleichsweise jung und überdurchschnittlich gut gebildet. Ebenfalls tritt dabei ein Phänomen in Erscheinung, das bislang erst ...

Religionstrends in der Schweiz, 2022

In the second half of the 20th century, theories on secularization and secularism have been domin... more In the second half of the 20th century, theories on secularization and secularism have been dominated by three approaches: secularization theory, individualization theory, and market theory. In the new millennium, approaches that both built on and revised these neoclassical approaches emerged: deprivation and insecurity theory, the theory of secular transition and intergenerational decline, theories of religious–secular competition, and theories focusing on the tipping point of the 1960s. These four new approaches have deepened our understanding of secularization, secularity, and secularism; however, they each have their own theoretical and empirical problems that need to be addressed by future research.

It has become customary in sociology and the political sciences to distinguish three large types of macro-theory on secularization, secularity, and secularism, namely secularization theory, individualization theory, and market theory. Each of these types includes a large number of approaches, ideas, and research endeavors. These neoclassical theories were formulated in the last millennium and have been described, discussed, and criticized many times since. A brief overview of the three neoclassical theories is provided, but then four theoretical approaches are focused on that have been developed in the new millennium: deprivation and insecurity theory, the theory of secular transition and intergenerational decline, theories of religious–secular competition, and theories focusing on the tipping point of the 1960s. These approaches are in the process of being discussed and tested thoroughly.

Política & Sociedade

Este artigo apresenta elementos básicos de uma teoria da competição religioso-secular ao nível in... more Este artigo apresenta elementos básicos de uma teoria da competição religioso-secular ao nível individual. A teoria argumenta que, em muitas sociedades, os indivíduos podem escolher entre opções seculares e religiosas, criando uma situação de competição entre instituições religiosas e seculares. A competição entre fornecedores religiosos e seculares é influenciada por três fatores contextuais importantes: inovação, regulação e recursos. Oferecemos seis exemplos de estudos empíricos que demonstram que a teoria da competição religioso-secular explica fenômenos contrastantes como a diferença no sucesso da cura pela fé em países africanos e europeus, a mudança e diminuição da socialização religiosa na Suíça, as variações da frequência às igrejas nos EUA, a variação na atratividade dos mosteiros, a secularização tardia da Irlanda ou o sucesso das megaigrejas desde a década de 1970.

This article presents basic elements of a theory of religious-secular competition on the individu... more This article presents basic elements of a theory of religious-secular competition on the individual level. The theory claims that individuals in many societies may choose between religious and secular options, creating a situation of competition between religious and secular institutions. The competition between religious and secular suppliers is influenced by three important contextual factors: innovation, regulation, and resources. We give six examples of empirical studies showing that the theory of religious-secular competition explains such contrasting phenomena as the difference in success of religious healing in European and African countries, the diminishing and change of religious socialization in Switzerland, variations in church attendance in U.S. states, variation in the attractiveness of monasteries, the late secularization of Ireland, or the success of megachurches since the 1970s.

Religionstrends in der Schweiz

ZusammenfassungImmer mehr Menschen in der Schweiz sagen von sich selbst, dass sie keiner Konfessi... more ZusammenfassungImmer mehr Menschen in der Schweiz sagen von sich selbst, dass sie keiner Konfession oder Religion angehören. Aktuell bilden sie zusammen mit reformiert zugehörigen und katholisch zugehörigen Personen eine der drei größten Gruppen – je nach Datensatz und Erhebungsmethode seit Kurzem sogar die größte von allen. In diesem Beitrag stehen religionslose Personen und damit das Phänomen derindividuellen Religionslosigkeitim Mittelpunkt. Vertieft untersucht werden die beiden folgenden Aspekte: Einerseits schlägt der Beitrag eine Brücke zum allgemeinen Forschungsdiskurs über Religionslosigkeit. Er fragt danach, wie sich in der Schweiz wohnhafte religionslose Personen aktuell beschreiben lassen in Bezug auf Soziodemografie, Spiritualität, Religiosität und Sozialisation. Dabei wird deutlich, was sich bereits an anderer Stelle zeigte: Religionslose sind vergleichsweise jung und überdurchschnittlich gut gebildet. Ebenfalls tritt dabei ein Phänomen in Erscheinung, das bislang erst ...

Religionstrends in der Schweiz, 2022

In the second half of the 20th century, theories on secularization and secularism have been domin... more In the second half of the 20th century, theories on secularization and secularism have been dominated by three approaches: secularization theory, individualization theory, and market theory. In the new millennium, approaches that both built on and revised these neoclassical approaches emerged: deprivation and insecurity theory, the theory of secular transition and intergenerational decline, theories of religious–secular competition, and theories focusing on the tipping point of the 1960s. These four new approaches have deepened our understanding of secularization, secularity, and secularism; however, they each have their own theoretical and empirical problems that need to be addressed by future research.

It has become customary in sociology and the political sciences to distinguish three large types of macro-theory on secularization, secularity, and secularism, namely secularization theory, individualization theory, and market theory. Each of these types includes a large number of approaches, ideas, and research endeavors. These neoclassical theories were formulated in the last millennium and have been described, discussed, and criticized many times since. A brief overview of the three neoclassical theories is provided, but then four theoretical approaches are focused on that have been developed in the new millennium: deprivation and insecurity theory, the theory of secular transition and intergenerational decline, theories of religious–secular competition, and theories focusing on the tipping point of the 1960s. These approaches are in the process of being discussed and tested thoroughly.

Política & Sociedade

Este artigo apresenta elementos básicos de uma teoria da competição religioso-secular ao nível in... more Este artigo apresenta elementos básicos de uma teoria da competição religioso-secular ao nível individual. A teoria argumenta que, em muitas sociedades, os indivíduos podem escolher entre opções seculares e religiosas, criando uma situação de competição entre instituições religiosas e seculares. A competição entre fornecedores religiosos e seculares é influenciada por três fatores contextuais importantes: inovação, regulação e recursos. Oferecemos seis exemplos de estudos empíricos que demonstram que a teoria da competição religioso-secular explica fenômenos contrastantes como a diferença no sucesso da cura pela fé em países africanos e europeus, a mudança e diminuição da socialização religiosa na Suíça, as variações da frequência às igrejas nos EUA, a variação na atratividade dos mosteiros, a secularização tardia da Irlanda ou o sucesso das megaigrejas desde a década de 1970.

This article presents basic elements of a theory of religious-secular competition on the individu... more This article presents basic elements of a theory of religious-secular competition on the individual level. The theory claims that individuals in many societies may choose between religious and secular options, creating a situation of competition between religious and secular institutions. The competition between religious and secular suppliers is influenced by three important contextual factors: innovation, regulation, and resources. We give six examples of empirical studies showing that the theory of religious-secular competition explains such contrasting phenomena as the difference in success of religious healing in European and African countries, the diminishing and change of religious socialization in Switzerland, variations in church attendance in U.S. states, variation in the attractiveness of monasteries, the late secularization of Ireland, or the success of megachurches since the 1970s.