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The flame atomic absorption (AA) spectroscopy method for the determination of cadmium (Cd) in coc... more The flame atomic absorption (AA) spectroscopy method for the determination of cadmium (Cd) in cocoa almond (Theobroma cacao) used by Agrocalidad is toxic to humans and the environment, reason for which the atomic absorption spectroscopy method with graphite furnace (GFAAS) was used, because it is more reliable and safer. Thus, four performance parameters of GFAAS method were used to quantify Cd in cocoa almond, by using certified reference material (MRC) and samples from four farms (A,B,C,D) located in the most important cocoa area of Ecuador, Flavio Alfaro city, province of Manabi. An interlaboratory test was performed and finally a protocol (PEE/B/14) was developed. Using the MRC (Code 07806B and 07167) was verified: linearity, precision, veracity and uncertainty in accordance with international standards, Eurachem Guide of Eurolab España et al. (2016), and with the standard IRAM 35050 (2001) were found linearity between 0 and 8 ppb with R2 = 0.9988; standard deviation 0.0005 and ...
El método de espectroscopía de absorción atómica (AA) de llama para la determinación de cadmio (C... more El método de espectroscopía de absorción atómica (AA) de llama para la determinación de cadmio (Cd) en almendra de cacao (Theobroma cacao) utilizado por Agrocalidad es tóxico para el ser humano y el ambiente; por ello, se pretende utilizar el método de espectroscopia de absorción atómica con horno de grafito (GFAAS) por ser más confiable y seguro. Así, se realizó la verificación de cuatro parámetros de desempeño del método GFAAS para cuantificar Cd en almendra de cacao utilizando material de referencia certificado (MRC) y muestras provenientes de cuatro fincas (A, B, C, D) ubicadas en la zona cacaotera de Ecuador, cantón Flavio Alfaro, provincia de Manabí. Se realizó una prueba inter-laboratorios y finalmente se elaboró el protocolo (PEE/B/14). Sobre el MRC (Cód. 07206B y 07167A) se verificó: linealidad, precisión, veracidad e incertidumbre de acuerdo con la Guía Eurachem de Eurolab España y Morillas (2016), y con el estándar IRAM 35050 (2001) se encontró linealidad entre 0 y 8 ppb ...
F1000Research
Background: According to the Ecuadorian ancestral knowledge, antivenom treatment can be carried o... more Background: According to the Ecuadorian ancestral knowledge, antivenom treatment can be carried out using medicinal plants; there are in vitro studies in which alexiteric activity has been proven in many plant species through the assay of reduction of indirect hemolytic activity in blood agar plate-phosphatidylcholine. The cases of snake bites "equis" on the Ecuadorian coast represent the largest number of reported ophidian accidents, which usually occur in remote areas of health centers or hospitals, making patient care not timely. The species Costus pulverulentus C. Presl, Desmodium adscendens (Sw.) DC., Begonia glabra Aubl., and Equisetum bogotense are considered plants with antivenom potential (alexiteric) and have been used by various Ecuadorian ethnicities. Methods: In the present investigation, the indirect anti-hemolytic activity in vitro of dry extracts of these four-plant species was evaluated, as an indicator of alexiteric activity, on three "pools" of...
Using previous research of antioxidant activity oils from Mauritua flexuosa (Morete) Plukenetia v... more Using previous research of antioxidant activity oils from Mauritua flexuosa (Morete) Plukenetia volubilis (Sacha inchi) and Oenocarpus bataua (Ungurahua) formulations were made cosmetic creams and emulsions basic implementation, avoiding the use of too ingredients may interfere in what is considered "active" in the cosmetic formulation (oils with antioxidant potential). The samples were evaluated in an in vivo non-invasive, using a sample of 30 women who had a degree of photoaging. An assessment dermatology clinic and instrumental evaluation using Cutometer MPA580, equipment to visualize the changes in skin elasticity and firmness. The assessment is made at the beginning (time = 0 days) and after four weeks of using the product (time = 28 days) and the data were subjected to analysis of variance. The results of the study demonstrate that after 28 days of treatment, creams helped to improve the skin condition face, according to clinical evaluation creams were able to improve significantly the lightness and softness of the skin, and instrumental evaluation indicates that achieved an improvement in the firmness and elasticity of skin.
The flame atomic absorption (AA) spectroscopy method for the determination of cadmium (Cd) in coc... more The flame atomic absorption (AA) spectroscopy method for the determination of cadmium (Cd) in cocoa almond (Theobroma cacao) used by Agrocalidad is toxic to humans and the environment, reason for which the atomic absorption spectroscopy method with graphite furnace (GFAAS) was used, because it is more reliable and safer. Thus, four performance parameters of GFAAS method were used to quantify Cd in cocoa almond, by using certified reference material (MRC) and samples from four farms (A,B,C,D) located in the most important cocoa area of Ecuador, Flavio Alfaro city, province of Manabi. An interlaboratory test was performed and finally a protocol (PEE/B/14) was developed. Using the MRC (Code 07806B and 07167) was verified: linearity, precision, veracity and uncertainty in accordance with international standards, Eurachem Guide of Eurolab España et al. (2016), and with the standard IRAM 35050 (2001) were found linearity between 0 and 8 ppb with R2 = 0.9988; standard deviation 0.0005 and ...
El método de espectroscopía de absorción atómica (AA) de llama para la determinación de cadmio (C... more El método de espectroscopía de absorción atómica (AA) de llama para la determinación de cadmio (Cd) en almendra de cacao (Theobroma cacao) utilizado por Agrocalidad es tóxico para el ser humano y el ambiente; por ello, se pretende utilizar el método de espectroscopia de absorción atómica con horno de grafito (GFAAS) por ser más confiable y seguro. Así, se realizó la verificación de cuatro parámetros de desempeño del método GFAAS para cuantificar Cd en almendra de cacao utilizando material de referencia certificado (MRC) y muestras provenientes de cuatro fincas (A, B, C, D) ubicadas en la zona cacaotera de Ecuador, cantón Flavio Alfaro, provincia de Manabí. Se realizó una prueba inter-laboratorios y finalmente se elaboró el protocolo (PEE/B/14). Sobre el MRC (Cód. 07206B y 07167A) se verificó: linealidad, precisión, veracidad e incertidumbre de acuerdo con la Guía Eurachem de Eurolab España y Morillas (2016), y con el estándar IRAM 35050 (2001) se encontró linealidad entre 0 y 8 ppb ...
F1000Research
Background: According to the Ecuadorian ancestral knowledge, antivenom treatment can be carried o... more Background: According to the Ecuadorian ancestral knowledge, antivenom treatment can be carried out using medicinal plants; there are in vitro studies in which alexiteric activity has been proven in many plant species through the assay of reduction of indirect hemolytic activity in blood agar plate-phosphatidylcholine. The cases of snake bites "equis" on the Ecuadorian coast represent the largest number of reported ophidian accidents, which usually occur in remote areas of health centers or hospitals, making patient care not timely. The species Costus pulverulentus C. Presl, Desmodium adscendens (Sw.) DC., Begonia glabra Aubl., and Equisetum bogotense are considered plants with antivenom potential (alexiteric) and have been used by various Ecuadorian ethnicities. Methods: In the present investigation, the indirect anti-hemolytic activity in vitro of dry extracts of these four-plant species was evaluated, as an indicator of alexiteric activity, on three "pools" of...
Using previous research of antioxidant activity oils from Mauritua flexuosa (Morete) Plukenetia v... more Using previous research of antioxidant activity oils from Mauritua flexuosa (Morete) Plukenetia volubilis (Sacha inchi) and Oenocarpus bataua (Ungurahua) formulations were made cosmetic creams and emulsions basic implementation, avoiding the use of too ingredients may interfere in what is considered "active" in the cosmetic formulation (oils with antioxidant potential). The samples were evaluated in an in vivo non-invasive, using a sample of 30 women who had a degree of photoaging. An assessment dermatology clinic and instrumental evaluation using Cutometer MPA580, equipment to visualize the changes in skin elasticity and firmness. The assessment is made at the beginning (time = 0 days) and after four weeks of using the product (time = 28 days) and the data were subjected to analysis of variance. The results of the study demonstrate that after 28 days of treatment, creams helped to improve the skin condition face, according to clinical evaluation creams were able to improve significantly the lightness and softness of the skin, and instrumental evaluation indicates that achieved an improvement in the firmness and elasticity of skin.