Tasleem Akhtar - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Tasleem Akhtar

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 1990

Blood glucose concentrations were measured in 104 children aged 6 months- 10 years (mean 3.1 year... more Blood glucose concentrations were measured in 104 children aged 6 months- 10 years (mean 3.1 years) undergoing inpatient anaesthesia. The mean fasting period was 10.87 +/- 2.68 hours. Mean preanaesthetic and 1/2 hour post-anaesthetic blood glucose levels were 4.8 +/- 0.8 and 6.1 +/- 1.9 mmoles/L respectively. Pre- anaesthetic low blood glucose level (2.7-3.3 mmoles/L) could only be detected in 3.8% cases. Post-anaesthetic increase in blood glucose level was the same as reported in adults.

Khyber Medical University Journal

OBJECTIVE: To find the effect of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) on intelligence quotient (IQ) in sc... more OBJECTIVE: To find the effect of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) on intelligence quotient (IQ) in school going children of Peshawar, Pakistan. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study a total of 153 children (male and female) of age 7-11 years were included. Socio-demographic questionnaire was designed for the collection of data. Blood specimens were collected in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and gel tubes. Complete blood count (CBC) was analyzed using fully automatic hematology analyzer (Model Sysmex XP-100, serial no.B2444) in EDTA blood. Ferritin levels were analyzed using chemistry analyzer (Model: Cobas e-6000), by Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) in serum. Raven Colored Progressive Matrices (RCPM) was used for finding IQ of children. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS-22. RESULTS: Out of 153 children 66 (43.1%) were females and 87 (56.9%) were males. The prevalence of IDA was 11.7%. The mean IQ of nuclear family (57.3±37.33) was significantly higher than...

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 2017

Objective: To screen out adult patients for HBV and HCV infections visiting Khyber College of Den... more Objective: To screen out adult patients for HBV and HCV infections visiting Khyber College of Dentistry Peshawar (KCD) for different dental treatments and to identify the associated risk factors. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar in the year 2013. A total of 1540 patients >15 years, visiting KCD for seeking different dental treatments were screened for hepatitis B & C. Informed consent was taken before blood collection and filling of a structured questionnaire. Blood samples were tested against HBsAg and anti HCV by using ICT that were further confirmed by ELISA. The data was analyzed using Epi info version 6. Results: A total of 1540 patients were screened during the study. Among these 36.4%(561) were males and 63.6%(979) were females. Overall prevalence of HBV and HCV was 5.12%(79). On screening, 2.14%(33) were found to be HBs Ag positive of which 2.5%(14) were males and 1.9%(19) were females. HCV was found positive in 2.98%(46) individuals having male to female ratio of 1.6% and 3.8%. Frequency of HBsAg was high in age group 56-65 year and HCV in 36-45 year group. Previous history of IV/IM injections, spouse patient of hepatitis, blood transfusion, surgical operation were found significant risk factors in the transmission of both hepatitis B and C, while previous history of dental treatment and sharing of clippers were significant risk factor in spreading hepatitis C infection only. Conclusions: Overall prevalence of HCV was higher than HBV. Previous history of injections, spouse patient of hepatitis, blood transfusion, surgical operation were found significant risk factors in the transmission of both hepatitis B and C.

Chest, 2007

Background: Biomass smoke has been associated with many diseases. The aim of this study was to ev... more Background: Biomass smoke has been associated with many diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between biomass smoke and chronic bronchitis in women in the rural setting of Peshawar, Pakistan. Methods: Three villages in rural Peshawar were randomly selected as "test villages" where biomass fuel was used. The women responsible for cooking in these villages were interviewed for the prevalence of bronchitis, and data were compared to those obtained from three matching "control villages" where liquid petroleum gas was used as fuel. Crude odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a statistical software package (EPI Info, version 6.0 [public domain software]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Atlanta, GA). Results: This study was carried out in 1,426 female test patients and 1,131 female control subjects. Chronic bronchitis was found in 100 women (7.01%) in the test group and 33 women (2.92%) in the control group. The OR was 2.51 (95% CI, 1.65 to 3.83). A strong association was found between bronchitis and the use of wood (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 2.12 to 3.01), dung cake (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.72 to 2.42), rice straws (OR, 3.32; 95% CI, 1.11 to 9.88), and kai grass (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.75 to 2.45). Cooking in the living room and bronchitis were highly associated (OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.94 to 3.66). An association between the presence of a kitchen and bronchitis was established with an OR of 2.65 (95% CI, 2.10 to 3.42). In the test group, 75% of kitchens were ventilated; in the control group, 82% were ventilated. The difference between the two groups was nonsignificant (p > 0.6; 2 ‫؍‬ 0.39; OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.5 to 1.4). Conclusions: Biomass fuel exposure is strongly associated with chronic bronchitis in women who are involved in cooking in rural Peshawar.

Archives of Iranian medicine, 2016

BACKGROUND Septicemia plays an important role in neonatal morbidity and mortality, especially in ... more BACKGROUND Septicemia plays an important role in neonatal morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries. OBJECTIVE To investigate the bacterial pathogens causing neonatal sepsis and their antibiotic susceptibility profile. METHODOLOGY A total of 2,685 neonates aged 0-28 days were included in the study. Blood from each neonate was cultured and isolates were identified using standard biochemical tests. Antibiotic sensitivity pattern was analyzed using modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. RESULTS Blood culture positivity was observed in 1,534 (57.1%) samples. Most of the cases (1089 counts - 71%) were of early onset sepsis while 445 (29%) were of late onset sepsis. The incidence of sepsis was higher in males 856 (55.8%) than females 678 (44.2%) with a 1:2 ratio. Similarly, 58.3% of septicemic patients were neonates with low birth weights. Twelve hundred and six (78.6%) isolates were gram negative while 328 (23.4%) were gram positive bacteria. E. coli was the domina...

Objectives: To determine the frequency of depression among patients with type-II diabetes mellitu... more Objectives: To determine the frequency of depression among patients with type-II diabetes mellitus in Peshawar.. Patients & Methods: The study was conducted during in Out Patient Department of General Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar140 subjects from either sex with definite diagnosis of type-II diabetes for at least one year were included and patients with diabetes with history of treatment for any psychiatric ailment, any other physical illnesses were excluded. Sociodemographic variables such as age, gender and marital status were recorded. Depression was assessed by using Beck Depressive Inventory-II. Data collected was analyzed by using SPSS version 13. Results: Out of 140 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus 85(61%) were women and 55(39%) were men. Mean Age was 45(+7.45) years. Out of study subjects 94(67.1%) were married, 3(2.1%) were unmarried and 43(30.8%) were widows. 84(60.0%) presented with severe depression, 10(7.2%) with moderate and 9(6.4%) with mild depre...

Background: Combined Oral Contraceptives Pills (COCs) are effective and widely used method for co... more Background: Combined Oral Contraceptives Pills (COCs) are effective and widely used method for contraception. There is a positive relationship between COCs and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in previous studies. We have seen the effect of duration of COCs (0.3mg norgestrel and 0.03mg ethinyl estradiol) used in tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar Khyber Pukhtunkhawa Pakistan on the lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in women taking combined oral contraceptives. Study Design: This cross sectional analytical study included 100 participants women of child bearing age 14-49yrs using COCs divided in three groups according to the duration of use group A at least 6 month COCs users, group B were 1 year COCs users , group C more than 1 year COCs users. Serum Total cholesterol (TC) , triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), fasting blood sugar(FBS) were determined by using...

Background: Medicinal always been a matter of high concern; serve as a raw To document the medici... more Background: Medicinal always been a matter of high concern; serve as a raw To document the medicinal plants, the most commonly used, use variability and bio Methodology : A total 40 native people including local elderly knowledgeable persons, local herbal practitioners, and plant collectors of Garamchashma valley were interviewed and information was gathered about plant uses through an open ended questionnaire. Identifica tion of plants was done through local people with correct local name, confirmed through various literatures and studies. Use variability of plant use and bio previous studies respectively. Re sults problems, headache, fever, menstrual disorders, dizziness and weakness were the ailments treated with medicinal plants. plants were the most commonly used plants hav consensus factor (F IC ) for all studied plant was 0.95. The Comparison of current reported traditional use with already known pharmacological and phytochemical properties showed, complete 17of the 20 plants...

Khyber Medical University Journal, 2018

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2017

To determine the asymptomatic dengue infection in adults of Pakistani population. This study was ... more To determine the asymptomatic dengue infection in adults of Pakistani population. This study was conducted in five major cities (Islamabad, Karachi, Lahore, Multan, and Peshawar) of Pakistan. A total of 5 230 adults aged 18 years and above without a history of dengue fever at any point in their life were enrolled from participating laboratories. Those who were confirmed for dengue previously were excluded. Of the total, 62.6% (n = 3 276) were male with an average age of 34.6 years. Participants were briefed about the objectives of the study, and written consent was obtained to perform dengue IgG test using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The brief information related to age, gender and area was also taken on proforma. Overall 32.3% (n = 1 691) was having asymptomatic dengue infection which was 67.5% (n = 756) in Karachi followed by 39.1% (n = 391) in Islamabad, 29.9% (n = 316) in Lahore and 21% (n = 228) in Peshawar and none from Multan. More males were affected with asymptomatic dengue infection than females. The asymptomatic dengue infection was significantly higher in different cities; however, there was no significant difference with respect to age groups. The asymptomatic dengue infection is higher in cities i.e. Karachi, Islamabad and Lahore which are at risk of developing secondary dengue infections. There is a need of awareness among the public about secondary dengue infection.

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 2016

Objective: To evaluate changes in serum lipoproteins in primiparous women with eclampsia and comp... more Objective: To evaluate changes in serum lipoproteins in primiparous women with eclampsia and compare it with pregnant women having normal blood pressure. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 65 primiparous eclamptic patients and 21 normotensive pregnant women in the tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar. History of each woman was recorded on a questionnaire. Blood pressure was measured using standard methods. About 5 ml of venous blood was drawn for the analysis of lipoproteins. The data was analyzed using computer software package SPSS version 10. The P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Mean age of hypertensive cases was 23.2 ± 0.52 years while that for controls was 23.9 ± 1.16 years. Significant differences were found in serum lipoproteins. Women having eclampsia had 28.8%, 29.5%, 31.1%, 32.9% and 65.3% higher, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDLC), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC):high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLC) ratio, LDLC:HDLC ratio and TG:HDLC ratio respectively as compared to the control group. The HDLC concentrations, HDLC:VLDLC ratio and apolipoprotein-A1 level were 26.9%, 56.6% and 27.9% respectively, lower in the patient group as compared to the controls. Conclusion: This study suggests that evaluation of lipoprotein concentrations during antenatal period can be helpful in the early detection and prevention of developing eclampsia.

Khyber Medical University Journal, Mar 31, 2013

Objective: To find out the effect of combined oral contraceptives pills (COCPs) on lipid profile,... more Objective: To find out the effect of combined oral contraceptives pills (COCPs) on lipid profile, blood pressure and body mass index in females of reproductive age. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted from January 2011 to December 2011 in Family Planning Department of tertiary referral health care hospitals of Peshawar. A total of 200 married fertile women of child bearing age (14-49 years) participated in the study. They were divided in two groups: Group 1 (COCPs users at least for six months) and group 2 (age matched controls not using COCPs). Fasting levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) were analyzed using chemistry analyzer. Haemoglobin (Hb) and platelets counts were measured on haematology analyzer. Body Mass Index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) were measured in all subjects. Various parameters were compared among oral and control groups by using SPSS version 10. Results: Comparing females of group-1 vs group-2, there was significant increase of cholesterol (185+3.27mg/dl vs 158.26+2.81mg/dL; p=0.0001), triglycerides (207.33+4.92mg/dL vs 135.63+4.49mg/dL; p=0.0001), LDL-C (98.20+ 3.11mg/dL vs 85.19+2.65mg/dL; p= 0.002), BMI (27.52+0.371 vs 24.79+0.34 Kg/m2; p=0.0004), systolic BP (133.30+1.71 vs 122.69+1.35 mmHg; p=0.0007) and diastolic BP (84.85+1.16 vs 80.79+0.89 mmHg; p=0.009). Changes in the HDL-C (46.18+0.82 vs 45.92+0.91mg/dL; p=0.833), Hb (12.95+ 0.16 vs 12.47+0.17 g/dL; p=0.045) and platelet count (262510.00+8822.64 vs 258882.63+9843.44 thousand/uL) were not significant. Conclusion: Significantly elevated lipid profile, BP and BMI were recorded in women using COCPs.

Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2014

Zinc deficiency is a commonly reported health problem throughout the world. This cross sectional ... more Zinc deficiency is a commonly reported health problem throughout the world. This cross sectional survey was conducted in rural Peshawar with an aim to estimate the prevalence of zinc deficiency in women of child bearing age and find its association with age, marital, pregnancy status and parity. Data was collected from 353 women age 15-45 years. EPI INFO version 6.04 was used for data analysis. Overall 98 (27.8 %) women were zinc deficient (<80 µg/dl) while 31 (8.8%) had severe zinc deficiency (<50µg/dl.). Mean zinc level was found to increase gradually with the increase in the age up to 40 years and then starts decreasing significantly beyond this age. A significant decrease (p<0.03) in zinc concentration was found in married as compared to unmarried women. Out of 31 female with severe zinc deficiency, 23 (74.2%) were pregnant. Pregnant women in second (OR (CI) 3.36 (1.52-7.44) p<0.0008) and third ((OR (CI) 3.73 (1.91-7.30) p<0.00002) trimester were 3.4 & 3.7 times, respectively more zinc deficient as compared to control women. Mean zinc levels were significantly lower in women having no children versus women with 1-5 numbers of children. This study concludes that severe zinc deficiency especially prevalent in pregnant women needs urgent correction through food supplementation.

Khyber Medical University Journal, Sep 30, 2012

Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute, Aug 19, 2011

Paper and Board Industry contributes to both water and air pollution in the form of spent sulfite... more Paper and Board Industry contributes to both water and air pollution in the form of spent sulfite liquor (SSL) as a waste to water ways and use of Urea formaldehyde (UF) as a glue to air. Reuse of SSL from paper mills if used as such or in combination with UF and phenol formaldehyde (PF) as an adhesive will not only reduce the extent of water and air pollution but will also compete with the high prices of synthetic resin. SSL containing 18% total solid at pH 7.5 collected from the digester of Adamjee Paper Mills Nowshera, NWFP, using sodium based neutral sulfite process of pulping for grassy pulp material, was subjected to various experiments. 1. UV/IR studies of SSL revealed that it belongs to the hardwood lignin family 2. SSL concentrated to 50% total solids and polymerised with Conc. H2SO 4 at PH 2 and 3 was used in different composition (6-12% W/W) as an adhesive for medium density (0.7 g/cm2) particleboard. 8-10% concentration of SSL at PH 3 resulted in particleboard of highest strength, while high water resistant boards were obtained with SSL at PH 2. Poplar and bagasse boards prepared from 10% SSI, at different press times, met the requirements of American Standard (AM. Std CS 236) even at a press time of 8 minutes. The strength property or the SSL bonded poplar board is comparable to the UF bonded poplar board, but its water resistance is comparable only at a press time of 20 minutes. Strength property of the SSL bonded bagasse board is not comparable to that of UP bonded bagasse boards but its water resistance is comparable even at a press time of 12 minutes. The properties of the boards were also compared with UF bonded commercial poplar and bagasse boards and were found to be equally good. 3.Particleboard were prepared from different composition of SSL and UF by using 30 kg/cm2 pressure at 210°C for 16 minutes. Modulus of Rupture showed little change on increasing the concentration of UF in SSL-UF adhesive, while water resistance of boards remained almost the same at and above 30% UF in the adhesive. 4.Particleboard was prepared from 70:30 of SSL to UF pressed at 30 kg/cm2, 210°C for different press time (8 - 16 minutes).Maximum MOR was obtained at a press time of 12 minutes, while Modulus of Elasticity and water resistance of board increased with the increase of press time. 5 Particleboards were prepared from SSL and UF at a fix glue composition 70:30 and pressed at 30 kg/cm2 for 12 minutes at various press temperatures (180-220°C). Board prepared at a press temperature of 2000C was found to be of the highest strength and water resistance. 5.The results obtained from this study were compared with the American Standard CS 236, German Standard DIN 68761 and also with UF board prepared during this study. Commercial UF bonded poplar boards were also tested for comparison purposes. The results are very encouraging. 6.Different resins were prepared by gradual replacement of phenol by lignosulfonate in PF resol type of adhesive. Various physical properties of the resin were measured. The strength of adhesives was evaluated by Glue Block Shear test in two wood species, in both dry and wet states. Maximum shear strength and wood failures was obtained by 20% addition of lignosulfonate to PF adhesive. No significant difference was found in shear strewth and wood failure of the two wood species in two states, indicating that the adhesives obtained are water proof. The results obtained from this study were compared with different commercial glues and were found superior in both states even at an adhesive composition 50:50 of PF to lignosulfonate. The strength of PF lignosulfonate adhesive was also tested by measuring glue failing load and wood failure of plywood in both dry and wet states. No significant difference was observed in glue failing load of dry and wet specimens, which is indicating that the adhesive obtained from various composition of PF and lignosulfonate is water resistant. It has been found that 70% of phenol can be successfully replaced by lignosulfonate. The glue shear load of plywood in both the states met the requirements imposed for Pak. Std. 871, 1970. Wood failure of the plywood was compared with commercial standard CS 35-45 and the results were equally good.

Pakistan journal of medical sciences

To determine the frequency of ABO blood group and Rhesus (Rh) D antigen in the females of "D... more To determine the frequency of ABO blood group and Rhesus (Rh) D antigen in the females of "District" Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 429 women having pregnancy induced hypertension, admitted in the three teaching hospitals of Peshawar, over a period of one year. Blood sample was collected from each subject after taking informed consent. The antigen antibody agglutination slide test for "blood grouping (ABO)" and RhD factors was done by using IgM and IgG monoclonal reagents. The antisera used were from Biolaboratory, USA. Data was analyzed for percentage calculation. The blood group distribution was 134 (31.2%), 43 (10.1%), 116 (27%), 136 (31.7%) for blood groups A, AB, O and B, respectively. Subjects having blood group B was slightly more dominant, followed by A and O, while blood group AB was rare in these females. Blood group A Rh negative is more in female 12 (37.5%) followed by group O 10 (31.3%), g...

Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2014

Zinc deficiency is a commonly reported health problem throughout the world. This cross sectional ... more Zinc deficiency is a commonly reported health problem throughout the world. This cross sectional survey was conducted in rural Peshawar with an aim to estimate the prevalence of zinc deficiency in women of child bearing age and find its association with age, marital, pregnancy status and parity. Data was collected from 353 women age 15-45 years. EPI INFO version 6.04 was used for data analysis. Overall 98 (27.8 %) women were zinc deficient (<80 μg/dL) while 31 (8.8%) had severe zinc deficiency (<50μg/dL.). Mean zinc level was found to increase gradually with the increase in the age up to 40 years and then starts decreasing significantly beyond this age. A significant decrease (p<0.03) in zinc concentration was found in married as compared to unmarried women. Out of 31 female with severe zinc deficiency, 23 (74.2%) were pregnant. Pregnant women in second (OR (CI) 3.36 (1.52-7.44) p<0.0008) and third ((OR (CI) 3.73 (1.91-7.30) p<0.00002) trimester were 3.4 & 3.7 times, ...

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 1987

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 1990

Khyber Medical University Journal

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 2017

Chest, 2007

Archives of Iranian medicine, 2016

Khyber Medical University Journal, 2018

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2017

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 2016

Khyber Medical University Journal, Mar 31, 2013

Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2014

Khyber Medical University Journal, Sep 30, 2012

Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute, Aug 19, 2011

Pakistan journal of medical sciences

Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2014

Zinc deficiency is a commonly reported health problem throughout the world. This cross sectional ... more Zinc deficiency is a commonly reported health problem throughout the world. This cross sectional survey was conducted in rural Peshawar with an aim to estimate the prevalence of zinc deficiency in women of child bearing age and find its association with age, marital, pregnancy status and parity. Data was collected from 353 women age 15-45 years. EPI INFO version 6.04 was used for data analysis. Overall 98 (27.8 %) women were zinc deficient (<80 μg/dL) while 31 (8.8%) had severe zinc deficiency (<50μg/dL.). Mean zinc level was found to increase gradually with the increase in the age up to 40 years and then starts decreasing significantly beyond this age. A significant decrease (p<0.03) in zinc concentration was found in married as compared to unmarried women. Out of 31 female with severe zinc deficiency, 23 (74.2%) were pregnant. Pregnant women in second (OR (CI) 3.36 (1.52-7.44) p<0.0008) and third ((OR (CI) 3.73 (1.91-7.30) p<0.00002) trimester were 3.4 & 3.7 times, ...

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 1987