Tatyana Khraban - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Tatyana Khraban
Актуальні питання гуманітарних наук, 2024
The purpose of this article is to provide an insight into the metaphors that are used to explain ... more The purpose of this article is to provide an insight into the metaphors that are used to explain gender inequality in an organizational context, with a focus on women. Materials and methods. The study used critical metaphor analysis, which uses the methods of cognitive linguistics and critical discourse analysis to study metaphors as cognitive tools that can reveal unconscious and automatic connections between different conceptual systems. Results and discussions. Gender inequality is most often represented by the following metaphors: Glass Ceiling, Sticky Floor, Labyrinth, Glass Cliff, Glass Escalator, Glass Stool, Queen Bee, Mommy Track, Matilda Effect, Scissors Effect, Leaky Pipeline, Vanish Box. The metaphors of gender inequality reflect the various obstacles women face in climbing the career ladder. For example, metaphors are used to describe the existing tendency to prioritize men in leadership appointments in teams with a large majority of women; bias against women in hiring and promotion decisions; the need to balance the demands of a job or workplace with domestic responsibilities; work-family conflict, where women are forced to choose non-linear career paths; discrimination and threats to social identity that women may experience in a male-dominated environment; the existence of sexist bias in the scientific environment when, despite the decline in overt discrimination against women, their achievements are still perceived as less important or valuable than those of men. Conclusion. The main characteristic of gender inequality metaphors is feminization (focus on women’s experience), while understanding gender inequality through the prism of masculinity remains unaddressed. Such parameters of metaphors as the focus on the negative side of inequality (the vulnerability of a social group) suggest that the pragmatic function of metaphors of gender inequality is to encourage action to change the position of women. Such an effect could not have been achieved if the focus had been on the privileges that society provides for the career development of representatives of another social group (men). On the other hand, focusing exclusively on women leads to a situation where the dominant concept of gender inequality is women’s personal problems rather than systemic problems, such as gender culture that is oriented towards men, especially those in positions of power, gender stratification, basic principles and rights at work, and others. Thus, rather than systemic change, the metaphors of gender inequality inspire the implementation of policies aimed at helping or changing the position of women. Keywords: metaphor, gender inequality, feminization, career, discrimination.
Scientific Journal of Polonia University, 2022
This empirical study describes factors that facilitate/impede the psychological wellbeing of cade... more This empirical study describes factors that facilitate/impede the psychological wellbeing of cadets studying at Ukrainian military institutions of higher education. The preference was given to the psycholinguistic method of research, namely the free associative experiment. We argue that the most important factor for cadets' psychological well-being is self-acceptance. When cadets correlate their self-image with professional military activity they develop healthy self-esteem and they are characterized by positive emotional states. Cadets' failure to identify themselves with professional military activity leads to the predominance of negative emotional states. Factors such as some opportunities for personal growth and the increases the probabilities of achievement of the vital purposes are characterized by their correlation with positive aspects of cadets' psychological well-being. A favorable psychological atmosphere in collective is another factor of cadet's psychological well-being. The exceptions are those cadets who have inflated demands and expectations, or cadets with victim mentality. Factors such as autonomy and environmental management are characterized by their correlation with negative aspects of cadets' psychological well-being. The high-risk category is cadets who enter the military institutions having ideal vision about military service that does not accord with reality, cadets for whom the decision to study in some military institution is made by their parents against their will, and cadets who join the army under pressure of life circumstances. The lack of personal autonomy and the inability to independently control one's life can result in health disorders, as indicated by cadet's emotional states of weariness, despondency, melancholy, hopelessness.
Baltic Journal of Legal and Social Sciences, 2022
This article aims to identify the nature and the main determinants of fear experienced by cadets ... more This article aims to identify the nature and the main determinants of fear experienced by cadets
of Ukrainian higher military educational institutions and manifested in the actualization of the semantic
component `fear` in the associations evoked by the visual emotional and appraising perception of knowledge
about traumatic events. We argue that the forms of fear detected in cadets have common characteristics:
- connection with prediction, that is, with the future; 2) activation of imagination in order to identify sources
of danger; 3) presence of two components directly connected with cognitive activity, namely expectation
and uncertainty. Cadets’ fear has the modality of anxiety, which can be characterized as a consequence of the
inability to assess their own strength and resources
Osvìtnâ analìtika Ukraïni, 2024
науковий співробітник наукового центру зв'язку та інформатизації Військового інституту телекомуні... more науковий співробітник наукового центру зв'язку та інформатизації Військового інституту телекомунікацій та інформатизації імені Героїв Крут,
The aim of the study is to identify Ukrainian social media audiences’ preferences for humor style... more The aim of the study is to identify Ukrainian social media audiences’ preferences for humor styles to maintain/enhance their psychological resilience in different periods of wartime. Discourse analysis developed in the framework of social constructionism was used for collecting and analyzing data. We argue that 1) the preferences in humor styles is directly influenced not only by contextual factors and the duration of the stressor, but by the audience’s psycho-emotional state and its intentions; 2) aggressive humor style is especially in demand in the period of adaptation to the traumatic event, but the audience can use its various forms depending on their effectiveness for a particular purpose. Thus, black humor is productive for emotional venting of negative emotion of anger and reducing of emotional distress; disparagement humor is effective for formation of collective identity and increasing of optimism; 3) self-enhancing humor style can serve as a sign of positive shifts in the process of adaptation to a psychologically traumatic situation, and restoration of the population’s psychological stability; 4) self-defeating humor style is actualized in wartime as a form of adaptive humor, since it promotes a sense of community (belonging to a group) and identification through the experience of a shared stressful situation; and also positively correlates with self-esteem as a result of an individual’s demonstration of his/her ability to maintain self-control and to keep calm and carry on when faced with stressful situations.
Ukraïnsʹkij socìum, Dec 30, 2023
Метою цієї статті є висвітлення сприйняття військовослужбовицями Збройних сил України військової ... more Метою цієї статті є висвітлення сприйняття військовослужбовицями Збройних сил України військової уніформи з точки зору її значення для їх гендерної та організаційної ідентичностей. Дослідження проводилося в межах пілотного проєкту з використанням інтерв'ювання. Отримані результати були проаналізовані за допомогою контент-аналізу. Ставлення військовослужбовиць до військової уніформи і, як наслідок, рівень їхнього психологічного благополуччя можуть корелюватися з їхньою організаційною та гендерною ідентичностями. Організаційна Храбан Т.Є., Храбан М.І.
Sociology: Theory, Methods, Marketing , 2024
The article aims to outline the trends of gender professional segregation occurring in Ukraine du... more The article aims to outline the trends of gender professional segregation occurring in Ukraine during the military conflict.
Materials and Methods. The research was carried out with the use of qualitative methods. A content analysis was chosen for this study. The material consists of online textual publications, which include interviews with managers, specialists, and employees of the State Employment Center. It also includes interviews in which women residing on the territory of Ukraine share their experiences of employment and work during the war.
Results and Discussion. In Ukraine today, two factors operate in parallel. On the one hand, there is an urgent need to fill vacancies in professions that have traditionally been dominated by men. On the other hand, the financial situation of women is on the decline. Women are forced to rethink their gender identity in the family and in society because of financial difficulties and their inability to guarantee a minimum of financial stability for themselves and their families. This leads them to be willing to accept jobs with working conditions that are particularly harmful and difficult. Employment opportunities for women are increasing due to differentiated demand, which contributes to the reduction of horizontal gender segregation. One factor that impedes this process is the demand for professions traditionally considered women’s domains, which do not require basic skills, and for which demand increased during the war. These professions are mainly related to manufacturing and working specialties. Given that educated and skilled women occupy blue-collar jobs, we can expect vertical segregation to intensify during wartime, when gender differences are manifested in positions and roles with differing status or potential for advancement. In the area of state gender policy, Ukraine has business development initiatives that reduce the gender gap in women’s access to assets and capital to invest in profitable entrepreneurial industries. However, these initiatives only involve a limited number of women and cannot be associated with radical gender changes in society. At the same time, the positive aspects of reducing horizontal gender segregation observed in Ukraine during wartime may be negated by the lack of or insufficient incentives for the development of preschool education. Thus, there are few effective levers to overcome gender segregation in Ukraine in the short and medium term. Achieving gender equality in the labor market is practically declaratory.
Conclusions. In the context of the wartime crisis, gender segregation is a significant issue with negative consequences. A market specifically for women’s labor is emerging, and the social status of women’s work is declining compared to pre-war times. This situation may reinforce societal stereotypes that view men as more suitable for leadership positions, potentially decreasing women’s motivation and career aspirations.
ScienceRise: Pedagogical Education, 2024
This article aims to provide a systematic review of the scientific literature on women's leadersh... more This article aims to provide a systematic review of the scientific literature on women's leadership in higher education. This study was conducted in April 2024. It was based on scientific articles, selected from the Academia.edu portal. The study employed a non-experimental research design. The representation of women in management and leadership positions in the higher education sector has increased significantly, yet this growth has been limited to academic roles with the requisite authority to teach. Management positions with greater responsibility have not seen the same level of advancement. The prevailing masculine culture that pervades higher education presents an impediment to women's advancement to senior management roles. This is attributable to a confluence of interrelated factors, including structural constraints, competitive job demands, demanding work schedules, and the necessity to balance work and family life. The situation is further complicated by the introduction of accountability measures and sophisticated evaluation instruments, designed to assess and accredit work processes, hyper-productivity, and continuous evaluation. Despite the growing focus on gender issues, the prevalence and intensity of negative gender stereotypes about women appear to be on the rise. The negative dynamics, observed in sociological surveys, can be explained by examining the current state of gender ideology, education, and public awareness within society. The observed trends in economic activity, employment status, and salaries of men and women do not appear to be driving significant changes in gender stereotypes or the socioeconomic status of women. In light of these considerations, it becomes imperative to examine the necessity of implementing a feminist approach to appointing managers and leaders within higher education institutions. It is important to acknowledge that the roles, duties, and responsibilities of leaders within higher education institutions may differ considerably. It can be reasonably argued that the styles of leadership, employed by male and female higher education managers and leaders, exert a profound influence over the nature of organizational cultures. It is of the utmost importance that each higher education institution conducts an assessment of its own to ascertain its current situation and the manner, in which its managers and leaders contribute to the overall organizational success. It is recommended that institutions of higher education implement policies that consider gender aspects, with the aim of enhancing the utilization of women's potential for leadership. It is imperative to implement a gender-based assessment mechanism to ensure equitable competition between women and men in the selection process for managerial and leadership roles
Освітня аналітика України, 2024
The purpose of this article is to highlight the critical experience of integrating the practice o... more The purpose of this article is to highlight the critical experience of integrating the practice of reflective writing into formal English classes as a means of providing insight into the development of military cadets' professional identities. Materials and Methods. A reflexive thematic analytic approach was used. The study was based on the results of reflective writing of 43 cadets (students) of the Military Institute of Telecommunication and Information Technologies, who are in their fifth year of study. Results and Discussions. Most of the reflections focus on selfperception, which is found in 86% of the works. In their reflective writing, cadets view their development as a growth in personality rather than a growth in skills and abilities. Reflections on taking responsibility are found in 77% of the written works. Selfesteem as a component of professional identity is found in 64% of the works. Reflections on work motivation are found in 16% of the works. Reflections on future prospects are found in 8% of the works. Most reflective writing (83%) is characterized by a superficial descriptive approach; stereotypical and conformist presentation; avoiding describing the dilemma or problem; disregarding emotions; failing to analyse or reflect. The results may indicate 1) a lack of reflective capacity among military personnel; 2) psychological discomfort associated with restrictions on free expression that turn reflective writing into a test of conforming to institutional requirements. Conclusions. It is necessary to create a clearer methodological basis for introducing the practice of reflective writing into the curriculum of military institutions. This is essential to develop reflective skills in military personnel and to find alternative means and tools to facilitate cadets' reflection, at least on their professional identity.
Вісник Національного університету оборони України , 2024
Purpose. The article provides recommendations for conducting a content analysis to study the mili... more Purpose. The article provides recommendations for conducting a content analysis to study the military collective as a socio-psychological phenomenon. It also discusses the challenges of conducting content analysis in a military environment.Materials and Methods. To summarize previous studies' results, we applied general scientific research methods. The material for the systematic review of scientific research was based on publications that provide practical guidance on conducting content analysis or use content analysis as the main method of scientific research. Results and discussions. Content analysis has several advantages, including versatility, comprehensiveness, analytical flexibility, validity, and reliability. Versatility refers to the ability of the method to be applied to different scientific fields. This reduces the risk of confusion in terminology and scientific concepts. Comprehensiveness refers to the applicability of the method to a wide range of psychological phenomena and processes of scientific interest. Analytical flexibility refers to the ability of a research method to make use of both qualitative and statistical approaches to analysis. Validity and reliability, through the use of software and artificial intelligence, refer to the ability of a research method to minimize bias and inaccuracy.The study of military collectives has a number of limitations in the use of content analysis. One limitation is the difficulty in obtaining a large sample due to the lack of interest from military leadership in conducting research. This may be due to a lack of understanding of the importance of socio-psychological research, passivity, and unwillingness to change anything within the organization. Otherwise, the reason may be the concern of the military leadership that the research results may reveal some shortcomings in the work and this may be made public.The second limitation is the difficulty in obtaining honest answers due to military personnel's negative experiences with anonymity guarantees being violated during interviews and questionnaires.Another limitation is the difficulty of confirming the results and verifying the validity of the study by discussing with the respondents the correct interpretation of their answers, since due to the peculiarities of military service it will be difficult to gather the respondents in the same composition.Content analysis may pose challenges for socio-psychological studies of military groups if the researcher lacks knowledge of the specifics of military activities and the subculture of military personnel. This includes components such as the specifics of military service, value and ideological dominants, semantic dominants, language, rituals, and symbols. Without this knowledge, misinterpretation of the results is possible.Conclusions. When researching the emotional, cognitive, and social factors that influence military personnel behavior, content analysis offers several advantages over other research methods. However, when selecting content analysis as a scientific method for socio-psychological research of military groups, it is important to consider several limitations and problematic issues in organizing the research process.
Polish Sociological Review, 2024
This narrative study explored the individual experience of a military woman in the development of... more This narrative study explored the individual experience of a military woman in the development of a balanced military identity. The purpose of the study is to gain a better understanding of the challenges women in the military face in achieving a healthy balance between their gender and professional identities. A qualitative content analysis of the narratives of a servicewoman serving in a combat unit proved that she strives to retain traditionally feminine traits in order to maintain her female identity while forming a balanced military identity. But for the harmonious coexistence of gender and professional identity in a unified self-concept, femininity has the potential to change the principles and characteristics of the profession. These changes are aimed at increasing the effectiveness of the team. The members of the military team are not opposed to the changes in the professional world brought about by femininity, as they are determined to improve their performance in a situation where their health and even their lives depend on it.
. Ukr. socìum, 2023
This paper aims to describe how female military personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine perceive... more This paper aims to describe how female military personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine perceive the military uniform in terms of its significance for their gender and organizational identities. The research was part of a pilot project in the form of an interview study. Thematic content analysis was used to analyze the results. The data was structured into codes, then categorized and grouped to form general themes. The analysis of the servicewomen’s reflections on the military uniform has shown how important it is for them, especially in developing their identity. Servicewomen’s attitudes toward military uniforms and their psychological well-being levels may be correlated with their organizational and gender identities. Organizational identity becomes a catalyst for positive attitudes toward uniforms when: 1) servicewomen see the uniform as a framework of organizational identity, a guiding principle and a directive that programs the wearer for ethical behaviour and teamwork; 2) the main factors that influence organizational identity are the conceptual constructs of `idealism` and `military professionalism`. The collectivism, patriotism, and philanthropic values on which idealism is based on the perception of the self as a defender of one’s people and country. Military professionalism correlates with the effect of expecting to go to war and satisfaction with fighting; 3) among the identification criteria, which manifest the patterns, regularities and features of the military organizational identity, the parameter `gender equality` is included. When organizational identity dominates, the main risk factors that lead to negative attitudes toward uniform are 1) excessive identification with the organization, in which servicewomen may internalize the goals and objectives of the armed forces to the point that their personal identification may suffer; 2) the formation of an organizational identity that does not include the identifying marker of `gender equality`. This threatens psychological well-being through an unhealthy dependence on the approval of others. In cases where gender identity is central to the personality, attitudes toward the military uniform depend on succeeding in forming a balanced military identity. Based on Culver’s Gender Identity Development of Women in the Military (GIDWM) 4-phase matrix, it can be argued that servicewomen’s position in identity development stages, such as `donning the mask` and `wearing the mask`, likely predicts their negative attitudes toward military uniforms. Wearing a uniform begins to evoke positive emotions only in the fourth stage of `taking off the mask` when servicewomen overcome the masculine ethics of military culture and stereotypical identity expectations. The main reason for the “uniform conflict” can be found in forming gender and organizational identities of servicewomen. Efforts to solve the “uniform problem” in the armed forces should be aimed at introducing standards for servicewomen’s military uniforms and providing psychological assistance to servicewomen in forming a balanced military identity, which is seen as a harmonious combination of organizational and gender identities. In developing mechanisms to ensure gender equality, it is crucial to remember that the identities of military women are not homogeneous. Therefore, no single strategy exists for integrating a gender perspective into the armed forces. The formation and evolution of gender culture in the military can be slowed by ignoring the nuances and intersections of military women’s organizational and gender identities.
Вісник Національного університету оборони України, 2024
Purpose. This empirical study, based on the analysis of cadets’ views on personnel management sty... more Purpose. This empirical study, based on the analysis of cadets’ views on personnel management styles in the military higher education system, aims to consider problems of military management and prospects of abandoning the authoritarian leadership style in favor of leadership.Materials and Methods. An associative psycholinguistic experiment is the basis of the present study. The research method was reflexive thematic analysis. Inductive coding was used.Results and discussions. The authoritarian leadership style of junior commanders, highly effective in combat operations because it focuses on maximizing team efficiency and discipline, timely and accurate task completion, may not be effective in the learning environment. The serious problems of the authoritarian leadership in the military educational environment are 1) the separation of the cadets from the decision-making process carried out by their junior commanders (noncommissioned officers, sergeants); 2) the rejection of the creative potential of the subordinates and the denial of innovations. As a result, the cadets can feel undervalued and demotivated. Ultimately, this can affect their academic performance and psychological well-being. The leadership styles that motivate the cadets to success in their studies are transformational leadership and servant leadership. In the case of transformational leadership, the cadets view the commander as a person who inspires confidence and positive change in his/her subordinates. The cadets look to their commander for guidance, training, support, encouragement, and assistance in overcoming obstacles and developing their personal qualities and professional skills. According to the cadets, the commander should strive to create a culture of collaboration and continuous improvement, where everyone has the opportunity to think outside the box, offer new solutions to complex problems, and reach his or her full potential. In servant leadership, the cadets prioritize the commander’s efforts to create an environment where they can develop not only as military machine elements, but also as harmonious individuals. The cadets believe that a commander’s efforts should be focused on creating an environment based on trust and camaraderie, where cooperation and open communication among team members is a norm, and on providing opportunities for subordinates to grow and develop both personally and professionally.Conclusions. To create an educational environment that contributes not only to the effectiveness of education and training but also to the psychological well-being of cadets, it is recommended that mentoring and coaching courses be developed for junior commanders to acquire additional leadership and communication skills and competencies. It is also recommended that junior commanders undergo self-analysis training, which is essential for awareness of their own behaviors, reactions, and cognitive processes.
East European Journalof Psycholinguistics, 2023
The aim of the study is to identify Ukrainian social media audiences' preferences for humor style... more The aim of the study is to identify Ukrainian social media audiences' preferences for humor styles to maintain/enhance their psychological resilience in different periods of wartime. Discourse analysis developed in the framework of social constructionism was used for collecting and analyzing data. We argue that 1) the preferences in humor styles is directly influenced not only by contextual factors and the duration of the stressor, but by the audience's psycho-emotional state and its intentions; 2) aggressive humor style is especially in demand in the period of adaptation to the traumatic event, but the audience can use its various forms depending on their effectiveness for a particular purpose. Thus, black humor is productive for emotional venting of negative emotion of anger and reducing of emotional distress; disparagement humor is effective for formation of collective identity and increasing of optimism; 3) self-enhancing humor style can serve as a sign of positive shifts in the process of adaptation to a psychologically traumatic situation, and restoration of the population's psychological stability; 4) self-defeating humor style is actualized in wartime as a form of adaptive humor, since it promotes a sense of community (belonging to a group) and identification through the experience of a shared stressful situation; and also positively correlates with self-esteem as a result of an individual's demonstration of his/her ability to maintain selfcontrol and to keep calm and carry on when faced with stressful situations.
Humanities science current issues, 2020
Цель статьи-характеристика механизмов психологической защиты как способов адаптации к боевому стр... more Цель статьи-характеристика механизмов психологической защиты как способов адаптации к боевому стрессу, манифестация которых была обнаружена на языковом уровне в поэтическом творчестве участников Операции Объединенных сил (далее-ООС). Работа ориентирована на комплексный подход, сочетающий психоанализ и дискурс-анализ. Материалом для статьи послужило поэтическое творчество участников Операции Объединенных сил. В ходе исследования текстовые фрагменты были разделены на тематические группы. Признаком принадлежности текстового фрагмента к определенной тематической группе было избрано присутствие когнитивной, эмоциональной или поведенческой доминанты в качестве основной отличительной характеристики механизмов психологической защиты. В ходе исследования были выделены такие механизмы психологической защиты: 1) с когнитивной доминантой, в том числе «формирование чувства собственной значимости», «делание положительной психологической установки с помощью аутосуггестии», «проблемный анализ существующей ситуации» и, как следствие, «принятие ответственности за сделанный выбор»,«религиозность», «отрицание», «подавление», «вытеснение», «рефрейминг», «нормализация опыта»; 2) с эмоциональной доминантой, в том числе «агрессия», «формирование чувства солидарности (побратимства)»; 3) с поведенческой доминантой, в том числе «интеракция между участниками ООС», «использование психостимуляторов», «сублимация», «состояние транса». Если механизмы защиты с когнитивной и эмоциональной доминантой находят свое прямое отражение в творчестве участников Операции Объединенных сил в виде лексико-стилистических особенностей текста, то вывод о задействовании механизмов с поведенческой доминантой можно сделать, только основываясь на описательном контексте. Вывод: наиболее гетерогенными являются механизмы психологической защиты, в основе которых когнитивная составляющая. Несмотря на преобладание в целом механизмов защиты с когнитивной доминантой в военно-поэтическом дискурсе наиболее часто фиксируются такие механизмы, как «агрессия» и «формирование чувства солидарности (побратимства)», основой которых является эмоциональная доминанта. Ключевые слова: механизмы психологической защиты, психоанализ, дискурс-анализ, боевой стресс.
Humanities science current issues, 2019
Humanities science current issues, 2020
The aim of the article is to characterize the features of contemporary Ukrainian non-institutiona... more The aim of the article is to characterize the features of contemporary Ukrainian non-institutional military discourse in the structure of online discourse. Materials & methods. The study is based on the general scientific research methods: analysis, classification, systematization, explanation. Results and discussions. The following features distinguish contamprory Ukrainian non-institutional military discourse in the structure of online discourse from another discourse types: informational deployment of the discussion takes place in the Internet communities and groups the main content of which relates to military events; convergence of traditional and new media; correlation with military reality; focus of the discourse on a certain audience; manifestation of the opposition “friend – foe”; abundance of provoking polemics, which is aimed at setting a negative attitude towards the enemy, other values and positions; preference of confrontation strategy; great emotional involvement, which is manifested in the prevalence of basic emotions of anger, sorrow, fear; display of clear ideological positioning, open worldview that provides a representation of socio-evaluative judgments; pragmatic orientation. Contamprory Ukrainian non-institutional military discourse in the structure of online discourse is characterized by specific linguistic markers. Conclusions. In Internet communication the institutional military discourse’s features integrate with the online discourse expressiveness. Being formed by a combination of different types of discourses non-institutional military discourse has acquired in Internet communication a holistic form with special characteristics, which distinqush it from other types of discourses. Key words: non-institutional military discourse, online discourse, internet communication.
Вісник Національного університету оборони України, 2023
У статті за допомогою концепту ВІЙНА визначено особливості репрезентації емоцій українськими кори... more У статті за допомогою концепту ВІЙНА визначено особливості репрезентації емоцій українськими користувачами соціальних мереж на початок 2023 року. Доведено, що концепт ВІЙНА завжди інтегрує різноманітні емоційні смисли, але в період війни росії проти України відносна вага цих смислів різниться від інших історичних періодів завдяки особливому психоемоційному стану особистості та суспільства, що є знаковим представленням нації. Ключові слова: емоційні смисли; концепт; дискурсивний аналіз; російсько-українська війна.
Ukr. socìum, 2023
The study aims to propose a typology of servicewomen’s images promoted by the Ukrainian media dur... more The study aims to propose a typology of servicewomen’s images promoted by the Ukrainian media during the Russo-Ukrainian war. Qualitative content analysis was used as a research method. The study was based on 50 articles about women in the Armed Forces of Ukraine published between November 2020 and May 2023. The timeframe was chosen given the event that marked the strengthening of the Ukrainian government’s course to the further development and promotion of gender equality in the Armed Forces of Ukraine, namely the ratification of the National Action Plan for Resolution 1325 – “Women, Peace and Security” for the period up to 2025. The articles were selected based on several keywords: women, the Armed Forces of Ukraine, women in the military, and gender equality. The Russo-Ukrainian war has given rise to the promotion of various images of female soldiers in the media. The media offers its audience two types of servicewomen images: 1) a conservative image based on the stereotypical perceptions of women; 2) a counter-stereotypical image that rejects clichés and destroys gender stereotypes. The conservative typification of images of servicewomen, as a demonstration of society's concern about women performing combat missions that contradict traditional ideas of masculinity and femininity, not only reinforces the idea of traditional stereotypical roles of women but also challenges the prospects of participation of women in combat. The multifaceted gender stereotypical images – “Beauty in uniform”, “Model for a glossy magazine”, “First of all a Woman”, “Beloved Woman”, and “Mother” – are permeated by benevolent sexism against women, which has three components: paternalism, gender differentiation, and heterosexual intimacy. The image “Person with special domestic needs” focuses on physiological processes related to the female reproductive system. This content of the image conveys the assumption that women can face an uncomfortable situation when it is challenging to perform the necessary hygienic measures, and this can hinder them from being in the war zone. The counter-stereotypical typification manifested in the “Professional Soldier” and “Rebel” images contribute to overcoming stereotypical perceptions and shaping a society where women have equal rights and opportunities to realize these rights. Creating the “Professional Soldier” image, the media assume that the main prerequisite for a professional warrior is not gender but professional competencies. The “Rebel” image of a servicewoman represents a new generation of women who openly declare their right to be whatever they want and join the military to eliminate the “weaker sex” stereotype. The emphasis on masculinity in the “Rebel” image indicates that, despite the increase in women, the media still perceives the army as a masculine organization. Both conservative-stereotypical and counter-stereotypical images, such as “Sexual Object” and “Lesbian”, can be created for purely commercial interests or as a marketing ploy to attract the audience.
Вісник Національного університету оборони України. Питання психології, 2023
У статті окреслено проблемні питання й потенційні переваги збільшення кількості військовослужбови... more У статті окреслено проблемні питання й потенційні переваги збільшення кількості військовослужбовиць на керівних посадах. Зміни, що відбуваються в концептуалізації лідерства, визначено передумовою для збільшення кількості військовослужбовиць на керівних посадах. Розгляд лідерства як стратегії інтеграції сприятиме формуванню так званого «гібридного лідера», що втілюватиме у собі традиційні чоловічі лідерські якості та найкращі жіночі соціальні навички. Ключові слова: лідерство; гендер; збройні сили; стереотипи; фемінінний стиль керівництва.
Актуальні питання гуманітарних наук, 2024
The purpose of this article is to provide an insight into the metaphors that are used to explain ... more The purpose of this article is to provide an insight into the metaphors that are used to explain gender inequality in an organizational context, with a focus on women. Materials and methods. The study used critical metaphor analysis, which uses the methods of cognitive linguistics and critical discourse analysis to study metaphors as cognitive tools that can reveal unconscious and automatic connections between different conceptual systems. Results and discussions. Gender inequality is most often represented by the following metaphors: Glass Ceiling, Sticky Floor, Labyrinth, Glass Cliff, Glass Escalator, Glass Stool, Queen Bee, Mommy Track, Matilda Effect, Scissors Effect, Leaky Pipeline, Vanish Box. The metaphors of gender inequality reflect the various obstacles women face in climbing the career ladder. For example, metaphors are used to describe the existing tendency to prioritize men in leadership appointments in teams with a large majority of women; bias against women in hiring and promotion decisions; the need to balance the demands of a job or workplace with domestic responsibilities; work-family conflict, where women are forced to choose non-linear career paths; discrimination and threats to social identity that women may experience in a male-dominated environment; the existence of sexist bias in the scientific environment when, despite the decline in overt discrimination against women, their achievements are still perceived as less important or valuable than those of men. Conclusion. The main characteristic of gender inequality metaphors is feminization (focus on women’s experience), while understanding gender inequality through the prism of masculinity remains unaddressed. Such parameters of metaphors as the focus on the negative side of inequality (the vulnerability of a social group) suggest that the pragmatic function of metaphors of gender inequality is to encourage action to change the position of women. Such an effect could not have been achieved if the focus had been on the privileges that society provides for the career development of representatives of another social group (men). On the other hand, focusing exclusively on women leads to a situation where the dominant concept of gender inequality is women’s personal problems rather than systemic problems, such as gender culture that is oriented towards men, especially those in positions of power, gender stratification, basic principles and rights at work, and others. Thus, rather than systemic change, the metaphors of gender inequality inspire the implementation of policies aimed at helping or changing the position of women. Keywords: metaphor, gender inequality, feminization, career, discrimination.
Scientific Journal of Polonia University, 2022
This empirical study describes factors that facilitate/impede the psychological wellbeing of cade... more This empirical study describes factors that facilitate/impede the psychological wellbeing of cadets studying at Ukrainian military institutions of higher education. The preference was given to the psycholinguistic method of research, namely the free associative experiment. We argue that the most important factor for cadets' psychological well-being is self-acceptance. When cadets correlate their self-image with professional military activity they develop healthy self-esteem and they are characterized by positive emotional states. Cadets' failure to identify themselves with professional military activity leads to the predominance of negative emotional states. Factors such as some opportunities for personal growth and the increases the probabilities of achievement of the vital purposes are characterized by their correlation with positive aspects of cadets' psychological well-being. A favorable psychological atmosphere in collective is another factor of cadet's psychological well-being. The exceptions are those cadets who have inflated demands and expectations, or cadets with victim mentality. Factors such as autonomy and environmental management are characterized by their correlation with negative aspects of cadets' psychological well-being. The high-risk category is cadets who enter the military institutions having ideal vision about military service that does not accord with reality, cadets for whom the decision to study in some military institution is made by their parents against their will, and cadets who join the army under pressure of life circumstances. The lack of personal autonomy and the inability to independently control one's life can result in health disorders, as indicated by cadet's emotional states of weariness, despondency, melancholy, hopelessness.
Baltic Journal of Legal and Social Sciences, 2022
This article aims to identify the nature and the main determinants of fear experienced by cadets ... more This article aims to identify the nature and the main determinants of fear experienced by cadets
of Ukrainian higher military educational institutions and manifested in the actualization of the semantic
component `fear` in the associations evoked by the visual emotional and appraising perception of knowledge
about traumatic events. We argue that the forms of fear detected in cadets have common characteristics:
- connection with prediction, that is, with the future; 2) activation of imagination in order to identify sources
of danger; 3) presence of two components directly connected with cognitive activity, namely expectation
and uncertainty. Cadets’ fear has the modality of anxiety, which can be characterized as a consequence of the
inability to assess their own strength and resources
Osvìtnâ analìtika Ukraïni, 2024
науковий співробітник наукового центру зв'язку та інформатизації Військового інституту телекомуні... more науковий співробітник наукового центру зв'язку та інформатизації Військового інституту телекомунікацій та інформатизації імені Героїв Крут,
The aim of the study is to identify Ukrainian social media audiences’ preferences for humor style... more The aim of the study is to identify Ukrainian social media audiences’ preferences for humor styles to maintain/enhance their psychological resilience in different periods of wartime. Discourse analysis developed in the framework of social constructionism was used for collecting and analyzing data. We argue that 1) the preferences in humor styles is directly influenced not only by contextual factors and the duration of the stressor, but by the audience’s psycho-emotional state and its intentions; 2) aggressive humor style is especially in demand in the period of adaptation to the traumatic event, but the audience can use its various forms depending on their effectiveness for a particular purpose. Thus, black humor is productive for emotional venting of negative emotion of anger and reducing of emotional distress; disparagement humor is effective for formation of collective identity and increasing of optimism; 3) self-enhancing humor style can serve as a sign of positive shifts in the process of adaptation to a psychologically traumatic situation, and restoration of the population’s psychological stability; 4) self-defeating humor style is actualized in wartime as a form of adaptive humor, since it promotes a sense of community (belonging to a group) and identification through the experience of a shared stressful situation; and also positively correlates with self-esteem as a result of an individual’s demonstration of his/her ability to maintain self-control and to keep calm and carry on when faced with stressful situations.
Ukraïnsʹkij socìum, Dec 30, 2023
Метою цієї статті є висвітлення сприйняття військовослужбовицями Збройних сил України військової ... more Метою цієї статті є висвітлення сприйняття військовослужбовицями Збройних сил України військової уніформи з точки зору її значення для їх гендерної та організаційної ідентичностей. Дослідження проводилося в межах пілотного проєкту з використанням інтерв'ювання. Отримані результати були проаналізовані за допомогою контент-аналізу. Ставлення військовослужбовиць до військової уніформи і, як наслідок, рівень їхнього психологічного благополуччя можуть корелюватися з їхньою організаційною та гендерною ідентичностями. Організаційна Храбан Т.Є., Храбан М.І.
Sociology: Theory, Methods, Marketing , 2024
The article aims to outline the trends of gender professional segregation occurring in Ukraine du... more The article aims to outline the trends of gender professional segregation occurring in Ukraine during the military conflict.
Materials and Methods. The research was carried out with the use of qualitative methods. A content analysis was chosen for this study. The material consists of online textual publications, which include interviews with managers, specialists, and employees of the State Employment Center. It also includes interviews in which women residing on the territory of Ukraine share their experiences of employment and work during the war.
Results and Discussion. In Ukraine today, two factors operate in parallel. On the one hand, there is an urgent need to fill vacancies in professions that have traditionally been dominated by men. On the other hand, the financial situation of women is on the decline. Women are forced to rethink their gender identity in the family and in society because of financial difficulties and their inability to guarantee a minimum of financial stability for themselves and their families. This leads them to be willing to accept jobs with working conditions that are particularly harmful and difficult. Employment opportunities for women are increasing due to differentiated demand, which contributes to the reduction of horizontal gender segregation. One factor that impedes this process is the demand for professions traditionally considered women’s domains, which do not require basic skills, and for which demand increased during the war. These professions are mainly related to manufacturing and working specialties. Given that educated and skilled women occupy blue-collar jobs, we can expect vertical segregation to intensify during wartime, when gender differences are manifested in positions and roles with differing status or potential for advancement. In the area of state gender policy, Ukraine has business development initiatives that reduce the gender gap in women’s access to assets and capital to invest in profitable entrepreneurial industries. However, these initiatives only involve a limited number of women and cannot be associated with radical gender changes in society. At the same time, the positive aspects of reducing horizontal gender segregation observed in Ukraine during wartime may be negated by the lack of or insufficient incentives for the development of preschool education. Thus, there are few effective levers to overcome gender segregation in Ukraine in the short and medium term. Achieving gender equality in the labor market is practically declaratory.
Conclusions. In the context of the wartime crisis, gender segregation is a significant issue with negative consequences. A market specifically for women’s labor is emerging, and the social status of women’s work is declining compared to pre-war times. This situation may reinforce societal stereotypes that view men as more suitable for leadership positions, potentially decreasing women’s motivation and career aspirations.
ScienceRise: Pedagogical Education, 2024
This article aims to provide a systematic review of the scientific literature on women's leadersh... more This article aims to provide a systematic review of the scientific literature on women's leadership in higher education. This study was conducted in April 2024. It was based on scientific articles, selected from the Academia.edu portal. The study employed a non-experimental research design. The representation of women in management and leadership positions in the higher education sector has increased significantly, yet this growth has been limited to academic roles with the requisite authority to teach. Management positions with greater responsibility have not seen the same level of advancement. The prevailing masculine culture that pervades higher education presents an impediment to women's advancement to senior management roles. This is attributable to a confluence of interrelated factors, including structural constraints, competitive job demands, demanding work schedules, and the necessity to balance work and family life. The situation is further complicated by the introduction of accountability measures and sophisticated evaluation instruments, designed to assess and accredit work processes, hyper-productivity, and continuous evaluation. Despite the growing focus on gender issues, the prevalence and intensity of negative gender stereotypes about women appear to be on the rise. The negative dynamics, observed in sociological surveys, can be explained by examining the current state of gender ideology, education, and public awareness within society. The observed trends in economic activity, employment status, and salaries of men and women do not appear to be driving significant changes in gender stereotypes or the socioeconomic status of women. In light of these considerations, it becomes imperative to examine the necessity of implementing a feminist approach to appointing managers and leaders within higher education institutions. It is important to acknowledge that the roles, duties, and responsibilities of leaders within higher education institutions may differ considerably. It can be reasonably argued that the styles of leadership, employed by male and female higher education managers and leaders, exert a profound influence over the nature of organizational cultures. It is of the utmost importance that each higher education institution conducts an assessment of its own to ascertain its current situation and the manner, in which its managers and leaders contribute to the overall organizational success. It is recommended that institutions of higher education implement policies that consider gender aspects, with the aim of enhancing the utilization of women's potential for leadership. It is imperative to implement a gender-based assessment mechanism to ensure equitable competition between women and men in the selection process for managerial and leadership roles
Освітня аналітика України, 2024
The purpose of this article is to highlight the critical experience of integrating the practice o... more The purpose of this article is to highlight the critical experience of integrating the practice of reflective writing into formal English classes as a means of providing insight into the development of military cadets' professional identities. Materials and Methods. A reflexive thematic analytic approach was used. The study was based on the results of reflective writing of 43 cadets (students) of the Military Institute of Telecommunication and Information Technologies, who are in their fifth year of study. Results and Discussions. Most of the reflections focus on selfperception, which is found in 86% of the works. In their reflective writing, cadets view their development as a growth in personality rather than a growth in skills and abilities. Reflections on taking responsibility are found in 77% of the written works. Selfesteem as a component of professional identity is found in 64% of the works. Reflections on work motivation are found in 16% of the works. Reflections on future prospects are found in 8% of the works. Most reflective writing (83%) is characterized by a superficial descriptive approach; stereotypical and conformist presentation; avoiding describing the dilemma or problem; disregarding emotions; failing to analyse or reflect. The results may indicate 1) a lack of reflective capacity among military personnel; 2) psychological discomfort associated with restrictions on free expression that turn reflective writing into a test of conforming to institutional requirements. Conclusions. It is necessary to create a clearer methodological basis for introducing the practice of reflective writing into the curriculum of military institutions. This is essential to develop reflective skills in military personnel and to find alternative means and tools to facilitate cadets' reflection, at least on their professional identity.
Вісник Національного університету оборони України , 2024
Purpose. The article provides recommendations for conducting a content analysis to study the mili... more Purpose. The article provides recommendations for conducting a content analysis to study the military collective as a socio-psychological phenomenon. It also discusses the challenges of conducting content analysis in a military environment.Materials and Methods. To summarize previous studies' results, we applied general scientific research methods. The material for the systematic review of scientific research was based on publications that provide practical guidance on conducting content analysis or use content analysis as the main method of scientific research. Results and discussions. Content analysis has several advantages, including versatility, comprehensiveness, analytical flexibility, validity, and reliability. Versatility refers to the ability of the method to be applied to different scientific fields. This reduces the risk of confusion in terminology and scientific concepts. Comprehensiveness refers to the applicability of the method to a wide range of psychological phenomena and processes of scientific interest. Analytical flexibility refers to the ability of a research method to make use of both qualitative and statistical approaches to analysis. Validity and reliability, through the use of software and artificial intelligence, refer to the ability of a research method to minimize bias and inaccuracy.The study of military collectives has a number of limitations in the use of content analysis. One limitation is the difficulty in obtaining a large sample due to the lack of interest from military leadership in conducting research. This may be due to a lack of understanding of the importance of socio-psychological research, passivity, and unwillingness to change anything within the organization. Otherwise, the reason may be the concern of the military leadership that the research results may reveal some shortcomings in the work and this may be made public.The second limitation is the difficulty in obtaining honest answers due to military personnel's negative experiences with anonymity guarantees being violated during interviews and questionnaires.Another limitation is the difficulty of confirming the results and verifying the validity of the study by discussing with the respondents the correct interpretation of their answers, since due to the peculiarities of military service it will be difficult to gather the respondents in the same composition.Content analysis may pose challenges for socio-psychological studies of military groups if the researcher lacks knowledge of the specifics of military activities and the subculture of military personnel. This includes components such as the specifics of military service, value and ideological dominants, semantic dominants, language, rituals, and symbols. Without this knowledge, misinterpretation of the results is possible.Conclusions. When researching the emotional, cognitive, and social factors that influence military personnel behavior, content analysis offers several advantages over other research methods. However, when selecting content analysis as a scientific method for socio-psychological research of military groups, it is important to consider several limitations and problematic issues in organizing the research process.
Polish Sociological Review, 2024
This narrative study explored the individual experience of a military woman in the development of... more This narrative study explored the individual experience of a military woman in the development of a balanced military identity. The purpose of the study is to gain a better understanding of the challenges women in the military face in achieving a healthy balance between their gender and professional identities. A qualitative content analysis of the narratives of a servicewoman serving in a combat unit proved that she strives to retain traditionally feminine traits in order to maintain her female identity while forming a balanced military identity. But for the harmonious coexistence of gender and professional identity in a unified self-concept, femininity has the potential to change the principles and characteristics of the profession. These changes are aimed at increasing the effectiveness of the team. The members of the military team are not opposed to the changes in the professional world brought about by femininity, as they are determined to improve their performance in a situation where their health and even their lives depend on it.
. Ukr. socìum, 2023
This paper aims to describe how female military personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine perceive... more This paper aims to describe how female military personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine perceive the military uniform in terms of its significance for their gender and organizational identities. The research was part of a pilot project in the form of an interview study. Thematic content analysis was used to analyze the results. The data was structured into codes, then categorized and grouped to form general themes. The analysis of the servicewomen’s reflections on the military uniform has shown how important it is for them, especially in developing their identity. Servicewomen’s attitudes toward military uniforms and their psychological well-being levels may be correlated with their organizational and gender identities. Organizational identity becomes a catalyst for positive attitudes toward uniforms when: 1) servicewomen see the uniform as a framework of organizational identity, a guiding principle and a directive that programs the wearer for ethical behaviour and teamwork; 2) the main factors that influence organizational identity are the conceptual constructs of `idealism` and `military professionalism`. The collectivism, patriotism, and philanthropic values on which idealism is based on the perception of the self as a defender of one’s people and country. Military professionalism correlates with the effect of expecting to go to war and satisfaction with fighting; 3) among the identification criteria, which manifest the patterns, regularities and features of the military organizational identity, the parameter `gender equality` is included. When organizational identity dominates, the main risk factors that lead to negative attitudes toward uniform are 1) excessive identification with the organization, in which servicewomen may internalize the goals and objectives of the armed forces to the point that their personal identification may suffer; 2) the formation of an organizational identity that does not include the identifying marker of `gender equality`. This threatens psychological well-being through an unhealthy dependence on the approval of others. In cases where gender identity is central to the personality, attitudes toward the military uniform depend on succeeding in forming a balanced military identity. Based on Culver’s Gender Identity Development of Women in the Military (GIDWM) 4-phase matrix, it can be argued that servicewomen’s position in identity development stages, such as `donning the mask` and `wearing the mask`, likely predicts their negative attitudes toward military uniforms. Wearing a uniform begins to evoke positive emotions only in the fourth stage of `taking off the mask` when servicewomen overcome the masculine ethics of military culture and stereotypical identity expectations. The main reason for the “uniform conflict” can be found in forming gender and organizational identities of servicewomen. Efforts to solve the “uniform problem” in the armed forces should be aimed at introducing standards for servicewomen’s military uniforms and providing psychological assistance to servicewomen in forming a balanced military identity, which is seen as a harmonious combination of organizational and gender identities. In developing mechanisms to ensure gender equality, it is crucial to remember that the identities of military women are not homogeneous. Therefore, no single strategy exists for integrating a gender perspective into the armed forces. The formation and evolution of gender culture in the military can be slowed by ignoring the nuances and intersections of military women’s organizational and gender identities.
Вісник Національного університету оборони України, 2024
Purpose. This empirical study, based on the analysis of cadets’ views on personnel management sty... more Purpose. This empirical study, based on the analysis of cadets’ views on personnel management styles in the military higher education system, aims to consider problems of military management and prospects of abandoning the authoritarian leadership style in favor of leadership.Materials and Methods. An associative psycholinguistic experiment is the basis of the present study. The research method was reflexive thematic analysis. Inductive coding was used.Results and discussions. The authoritarian leadership style of junior commanders, highly effective in combat operations because it focuses on maximizing team efficiency and discipline, timely and accurate task completion, may not be effective in the learning environment. The serious problems of the authoritarian leadership in the military educational environment are 1) the separation of the cadets from the decision-making process carried out by their junior commanders (noncommissioned officers, sergeants); 2) the rejection of the creative potential of the subordinates and the denial of innovations. As a result, the cadets can feel undervalued and demotivated. Ultimately, this can affect their academic performance and psychological well-being. The leadership styles that motivate the cadets to success in their studies are transformational leadership and servant leadership. In the case of transformational leadership, the cadets view the commander as a person who inspires confidence and positive change in his/her subordinates. The cadets look to their commander for guidance, training, support, encouragement, and assistance in overcoming obstacles and developing their personal qualities and professional skills. According to the cadets, the commander should strive to create a culture of collaboration and continuous improvement, where everyone has the opportunity to think outside the box, offer new solutions to complex problems, and reach his or her full potential. In servant leadership, the cadets prioritize the commander’s efforts to create an environment where they can develop not only as military machine elements, but also as harmonious individuals. The cadets believe that a commander’s efforts should be focused on creating an environment based on trust and camaraderie, where cooperation and open communication among team members is a norm, and on providing opportunities for subordinates to grow and develop both personally and professionally.Conclusions. To create an educational environment that contributes not only to the effectiveness of education and training but also to the psychological well-being of cadets, it is recommended that mentoring and coaching courses be developed for junior commanders to acquire additional leadership and communication skills and competencies. It is also recommended that junior commanders undergo self-analysis training, which is essential for awareness of their own behaviors, reactions, and cognitive processes.
East European Journalof Psycholinguistics, 2023
The aim of the study is to identify Ukrainian social media audiences' preferences for humor style... more The aim of the study is to identify Ukrainian social media audiences' preferences for humor styles to maintain/enhance their psychological resilience in different periods of wartime. Discourse analysis developed in the framework of social constructionism was used for collecting and analyzing data. We argue that 1) the preferences in humor styles is directly influenced not only by contextual factors and the duration of the stressor, but by the audience's psycho-emotional state and its intentions; 2) aggressive humor style is especially in demand in the period of adaptation to the traumatic event, but the audience can use its various forms depending on their effectiveness for a particular purpose. Thus, black humor is productive for emotional venting of negative emotion of anger and reducing of emotional distress; disparagement humor is effective for formation of collective identity and increasing of optimism; 3) self-enhancing humor style can serve as a sign of positive shifts in the process of adaptation to a psychologically traumatic situation, and restoration of the population's psychological stability; 4) self-defeating humor style is actualized in wartime as a form of adaptive humor, since it promotes a sense of community (belonging to a group) and identification through the experience of a shared stressful situation; and also positively correlates with self-esteem as a result of an individual's demonstration of his/her ability to maintain selfcontrol and to keep calm and carry on when faced with stressful situations.
Humanities science current issues, 2020
Цель статьи-характеристика механизмов психологической защиты как способов адаптации к боевому стр... more Цель статьи-характеристика механизмов психологической защиты как способов адаптации к боевому стрессу, манифестация которых была обнаружена на языковом уровне в поэтическом творчестве участников Операции Объединенных сил (далее-ООС). Работа ориентирована на комплексный подход, сочетающий психоанализ и дискурс-анализ. Материалом для статьи послужило поэтическое творчество участников Операции Объединенных сил. В ходе исследования текстовые фрагменты были разделены на тематические группы. Признаком принадлежности текстового фрагмента к определенной тематической группе было избрано присутствие когнитивной, эмоциональной или поведенческой доминанты в качестве основной отличительной характеристики механизмов психологической защиты. В ходе исследования были выделены такие механизмы психологической защиты: 1) с когнитивной доминантой, в том числе «формирование чувства собственной значимости», «делание положительной психологической установки с помощью аутосуггестии», «проблемный анализ существующей ситуации» и, как следствие, «принятие ответственности за сделанный выбор»,«религиозность», «отрицание», «подавление», «вытеснение», «рефрейминг», «нормализация опыта»; 2) с эмоциональной доминантой, в том числе «агрессия», «формирование чувства солидарности (побратимства)»; 3) с поведенческой доминантой, в том числе «интеракция между участниками ООС», «использование психостимуляторов», «сублимация», «состояние транса». Если механизмы защиты с когнитивной и эмоциональной доминантой находят свое прямое отражение в творчестве участников Операции Объединенных сил в виде лексико-стилистических особенностей текста, то вывод о задействовании механизмов с поведенческой доминантой можно сделать, только основываясь на описательном контексте. Вывод: наиболее гетерогенными являются механизмы психологической защиты, в основе которых когнитивная составляющая. Несмотря на преобладание в целом механизмов защиты с когнитивной доминантой в военно-поэтическом дискурсе наиболее часто фиксируются такие механизмы, как «агрессия» и «формирование чувства солидарности (побратимства)», основой которых является эмоциональная доминанта. Ключевые слова: механизмы психологической защиты, психоанализ, дискурс-анализ, боевой стресс.
Humanities science current issues, 2019
Humanities science current issues, 2020
The aim of the article is to characterize the features of contemporary Ukrainian non-institutiona... more The aim of the article is to characterize the features of contemporary Ukrainian non-institutional military discourse in the structure of online discourse. Materials & methods. The study is based on the general scientific research methods: analysis, classification, systematization, explanation. Results and discussions. The following features distinguish contamprory Ukrainian non-institutional military discourse in the structure of online discourse from another discourse types: informational deployment of the discussion takes place in the Internet communities and groups the main content of which relates to military events; convergence of traditional and new media; correlation with military reality; focus of the discourse on a certain audience; manifestation of the opposition “friend – foe”; abundance of provoking polemics, which is aimed at setting a negative attitude towards the enemy, other values and positions; preference of confrontation strategy; great emotional involvement, which is manifested in the prevalence of basic emotions of anger, sorrow, fear; display of clear ideological positioning, open worldview that provides a representation of socio-evaluative judgments; pragmatic orientation. Contamprory Ukrainian non-institutional military discourse in the structure of online discourse is characterized by specific linguistic markers. Conclusions. In Internet communication the institutional military discourse’s features integrate with the online discourse expressiveness. Being formed by a combination of different types of discourses non-institutional military discourse has acquired in Internet communication a holistic form with special characteristics, which distinqush it from other types of discourses. Key words: non-institutional military discourse, online discourse, internet communication.
Вісник Національного університету оборони України, 2023
У статті за допомогою концепту ВІЙНА визначено особливості репрезентації емоцій українськими кори... more У статті за допомогою концепту ВІЙНА визначено особливості репрезентації емоцій українськими користувачами соціальних мереж на початок 2023 року. Доведено, що концепт ВІЙНА завжди інтегрує різноманітні емоційні смисли, але в період війни росії проти України відносна вага цих смислів різниться від інших історичних періодів завдяки особливому психоемоційному стану особистості та суспільства, що є знаковим представленням нації. Ключові слова: емоційні смисли; концепт; дискурсивний аналіз; російсько-українська війна.
Ukr. socìum, 2023
The study aims to propose a typology of servicewomen’s images promoted by the Ukrainian media dur... more The study aims to propose a typology of servicewomen’s images promoted by the Ukrainian media during the Russo-Ukrainian war. Qualitative content analysis was used as a research method. The study was based on 50 articles about women in the Armed Forces of Ukraine published between November 2020 and May 2023. The timeframe was chosen given the event that marked the strengthening of the Ukrainian government’s course to the further development and promotion of gender equality in the Armed Forces of Ukraine, namely the ratification of the National Action Plan for Resolution 1325 – “Women, Peace and Security” for the period up to 2025. The articles were selected based on several keywords: women, the Armed Forces of Ukraine, women in the military, and gender equality. The Russo-Ukrainian war has given rise to the promotion of various images of female soldiers in the media. The media offers its audience two types of servicewomen images: 1) a conservative image based on the stereotypical perceptions of women; 2) a counter-stereotypical image that rejects clichés and destroys gender stereotypes. The conservative typification of images of servicewomen, as a demonstration of society's concern about women performing combat missions that contradict traditional ideas of masculinity and femininity, not only reinforces the idea of traditional stereotypical roles of women but also challenges the prospects of participation of women in combat. The multifaceted gender stereotypical images – “Beauty in uniform”, “Model for a glossy magazine”, “First of all a Woman”, “Beloved Woman”, and “Mother” – are permeated by benevolent sexism against women, which has three components: paternalism, gender differentiation, and heterosexual intimacy. The image “Person with special domestic needs” focuses on physiological processes related to the female reproductive system. This content of the image conveys the assumption that women can face an uncomfortable situation when it is challenging to perform the necessary hygienic measures, and this can hinder them from being in the war zone. The counter-stereotypical typification manifested in the “Professional Soldier” and “Rebel” images contribute to overcoming stereotypical perceptions and shaping a society where women have equal rights and opportunities to realize these rights. Creating the “Professional Soldier” image, the media assume that the main prerequisite for a professional warrior is not gender but professional competencies. The “Rebel” image of a servicewoman represents a new generation of women who openly declare their right to be whatever they want and join the military to eliminate the “weaker sex” stereotype. The emphasis on masculinity in the “Rebel” image indicates that, despite the increase in women, the media still perceives the army as a masculine organization. Both conservative-stereotypical and counter-stereotypical images, such as “Sexual Object” and “Lesbian”, can be created for purely commercial interests or as a marketing ploy to attract the audience.
Вісник Національного університету оборони України. Питання психології, 2023
У статті окреслено проблемні питання й потенційні переваги збільшення кількості військовослужбови... more У статті окреслено проблемні питання й потенційні переваги збільшення кількості військовослужбовиць на керівних посадах. Зміни, що відбуваються в концептуалізації лідерства, визначено передумовою для збільшення кількості військовослужбовиць на керівних посадах. Розгляд лідерства як стратегії інтеграції сприятиме формуванню так званого «гібридного лідера», що втілюватиме у собі традиційні чоловічі лідерські якості та найкращі жіночі соціальні навички. Ключові слова: лідерство; гендер; збройні сили; стереотипи; фемінінний стиль керівництва.