Sofia Tavares - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Sofia Tavares
Psicologia, Saúde & Doenças, 2016
RESUMO-As medidas individualizadas usadas na avaliação de resultados terapêuticos, permitem ao pa... more RESUMO-As medidas individualizadas usadas na avaliação de resultados terapêuticos, permitem ao paciente identificar os aspetos que mais valoriza na apreciação de melhoria clínica. O PSYCHLOPS, como medida individualizada, convida o paciente a definir os próprios itens. Neste estudo, os itens sugeridos pelos pacientes foram comparados com os conteúdos de instrumentos estandardizados e validados na avaliação de resultados terapêuticos. Uma amostra de conveniência (n=107) composta por pacientes da consulta de psicologia do Hospital Espírito Santo (Évora), e de três Centros de tratamento para abuso de substâncias preencheram o PSYCHLOPS e, de seguida dois instrumentos apresentados de forma aleatória: o CORE-OM e o PHQ-9. Os 279 itens definidos pelos pacientes no PSYCHLOPS foram codificados através de análise temática, em 51 categorias. Problemas relacionados com o trabalho foi a categoria mais identificada pelos pacientes, como relevante para avaliar o efeito clínico. Das 51 categorias, 17 (33,3%) não estão representadas no CORE-OM e 43 (84,3%) não estão representadas no PHQ-9. A maioria dos pacientes indicou pelo menos um item não existente nem no CORE-OM nem no PHQ-9. Estes dados demonstram a importância das medidas individualizadas para identificar as preocupações mais valorizadas pelo paciente, o que poderá ter implicações para o processo de avaliação da mudança terapêutica. Palavras-chave: Medidas individualizadas, avaliação de resultado, envolvimento do paciente ___________________________________________________________________________ RELEVANCE OF INDIVIDUALIZED MEASURES: LISTENING THE PATIENT MEANS CAPTURING THE STORY? ABSTRACT: Individualized measures are relevant for the assessment of therapeutic results and allow patients to identify the aspects that they value the most in assessing their clinical improvement. PSYCHLOPS, as an individualized measure, invite the patient to create their own items. The items created by the patients were compared with the contents of standardized measures. A sample composed by 107 patients admitted for psychological treatment in Hospital Espírito Santo (Évora), and three institutions for drug misuse fill in the PSYCHLOPS and two standardized measures presented in a random order: CORE-OM and PHQ-9. 279 items were created in PSYCHLOPS and later recoded, by thematic analysis, in 51 subthemes. Work-related problems was the most common subtheme identified by patients
Current Psychiatry Reviews
Research has shown that hallucinations and delusions (characteristic of severe mental disorders) ... more Research has shown that hallucinations and delusions (characteristic of severe mental disorders) are relatively common. Many people in the general population will experience mild instances of such events at some point in their lives. However, for others, these are very disturbing events. Cognitive-behavioural models argue that these differences result from the interpretation of those same experiences. Therefore, cognitive behavioural therapy seeks to know the factors that contribute to the development (e.g. early traumatic experiences) and maintenance (e.g. selective attention, safety behaviours, disruptive control strategies) of psychotic processes, from the deep and isolated understanding of each patient's experience of specific symptoms (e.g. paranoid delusions) rather than their syndromal diagnosis (e.g. schizophrenia). The case formulation for each complex psychotic symptom results from the initial intake assessment at the start of a prospective intervention. This article reviews the cognitive behavioural conceptualization of psychotic symptoms (i.e. auditory hallucinations, delusions and negative symptoms), as well as the key areas of assessment and therapeutic interventions proposed by these models.
Current Psychiatry Reviews, Nov 24, 2017
Research has shown that hallucinations and delusions (characteristic of severe mental disorders) ... more Research has shown that hallucinations and delusions (characteristic of severe mental disorders) are relatively common. Many people in the general population will experience mild instances of such events at some point in their lives. However, for others, these are very disturbing events. Cognitive-behavioural models argue that these differences result from the interpretation of those same experiences. Therefore, cognitive behavioural therapy seeks to know the factors that contribute to the development (e.g. early traumatic experiences) and maintenance (e.g. selective attention, safety behaviours, disruptive control strategies) of psychotic processes, from the deep and isolated understanding of each patient's experience of specific symptoms (e.g. paranoid delusions) rather than their syndromal diagnosis (e.g. schizophrenia). The case formulation for each complex psychotic symptom results from the initial intake assessment at the start of a prospective intervention. This article reviews the cognitive behavioural conceptualization of psychotic symptoms (i.e. auditory hallucinations, delusions and negative symptoms), as well as the key areas of assessment and therapeutic interventions proposed by these models.
Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa
Resumo Neste artigo teórico, partimos do princípio de que os processos humanos de significação e ... more Resumo Neste artigo teórico, partimos do princípio de que os processos humanos de significação e de conhecimento se consubstanciam e se desenvolvem em interdependência com os outros, para abordarmos a identidade pessoal como um espaço dialógico entre um Eu e um Outro (uma pessoa, um grupo, uma comunidade, uma sociedade), dinamicamente regulado por afetos. A inerência dialógica da vida psicológica é abordada - i.e., o papel dos outros na constituição da subjetividade humana - e, particularmente, as dimensões afetivas e motivacionais desse processo.
Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings, Jan 29, 2017
The aim of the present study was to test whether perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingn... more The aim of the present study was to test whether perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness are related to suicide ideation, when controlling for depressive symptoms. The sample consisted of elderly patients recovering from acute medical conditions who were recruited in a medical recovery clinic. Results demonstrated that depressive symptoms and thwarted belongingness related to the suicide ideation item of the Beck Depression Inventory-II, used as an indicator of suicide ideation. Depressive symptoms and thwarted belongingness also discriminated between participants with suicide ideation and participants without suicide ideation as defined by suicide items of the Symptom-Driven Diagnostic System for Primary Care. Results are discussed in terms of potential cultural influences, and clinical implications are highlighted.
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 2017
The aim of the current study was to assess suicide ideation in a sample of older adults recoverin... more The aim of the current study was to assess suicide ideation in a sample of older adults recovering from acute conditions in a clinical recovery facility of the Portuguese Red Cross. Four indicators of suicide ideation were used.
In this commentary we discuss our reactions towards the six contributions on our article “The psy... more In this commentary we discuss our reactions towards the six contributions on our article “The psychotherapist’s social role under a dialogical perspective: A study of the personal construction of «I as psychotherapist»” (in this issue). These commentaries discuss a multiplicity of problems and potentials, providing us with a meaningful space for dialogue among our multiple and sometimes discrepant perspectives. We have organized our reaction around three issues: (1) the importance of context influence on the process of being a psychotherapist; (2) the use of the motives as a tool to organize the psychotherapists’ diversity; and (3) the methodology for studying the dialogical processes.
capa & projeto gráfico d'arcy albuquerque darcyalbuquerque.com editora edições aloendro (portugal... more capa & projeto gráfico d'arcy albuquerque darcyalbuquerque.com editora edições aloendro (portugal) coeditores universidade de évora (portugal); ufpa (brasil) impressão gráfica supercores (belém-pará-brasil) depósito legal 337584/11
In this commentary we discuss our reactions towards the six contributions on our article "The psy... more In this commentary we discuss our reactions towards the six contributions on our article "The psychotherapist's social role under a dialogical perspective: A study of the personal construction of «I as psychotherapist»" (in this issue). These commentaries discuss a multiplicity of problems and potentials, providing us with a meaningful space for dialogue among our multiple and sometimes discrepant perspectives. We have organized our reaction around three issues: (1) the importance of context influence on the process of being a psychotherapist; (2) the use of the motives as a tool to organize the psychotherapists' diversity; and (3) the methodology for studying the dialogical processes.
Revista de Neurociências
RESUMO Objetivo. A apatia é reconhecida como estando presente numa variedade de perturbações psiq... more RESUMO Objetivo. A apatia é reconhecida como estando presente numa variedade de perturbações psiquiátricas e condições neurológicas, reportando uma perturbação motivacional no comportamento orientado para objetivos. O principal objetivo do presente estudo é contribuir para a compreensão da doença de Parkinson, através da análise da relação entre a apatia, aspetos demográficos (e.g., idade, sexo) e alguns aspetos clínicos (e.g., sintomas depressivos) de sujeitos com doença de Parkinson. Método. A amostra é constituída por 61 sujeitos, 30 sujeitos da comunidade (grupo não-clínico) e 31 sujeitos com doença de Parkinson (grupo clínico), os quais foram individualmente submetidos a uma entrevista clínica e a um rastreio cognitivo. Resultados. Os resultados mostram que a apatia se apresenta como uma condição prevalente na doença de Parkinson, fortemente associada a sintomas depressivos, sobretudo no sexo feminino. Conclusões. Os dados reforçam a necessidade de um diagnóstico eficaz da apatia na doença de Parkinson, a compreensão das suas especificidades e da sua associação com a depressão.
Death Studies, 2014
The present study assessed the impact of suicide and distress on suicidal ideation in a sample of... more The present study assessed the impact of suicide and distress on suicidal ideation in a sample of 93 Portuguese family members bereaved by suicide. A control community sample of 102 adults also participated. After controlling for educational level, those bereaved by the suicide of a family member were found to have higher levels of suicidal ideation. Forty-two percent of family members had Suicide Ideation Questionnaire scores at or above the cutoff point. General distress, depression, anxiety, and hostility related to suicidal ideation, whereas time since suicide also interacted with general distress and depression in predicting suicidal ideation.
Journal of Loss and Trauma, 2014
Culture & Psychology, 2013
In this interesting article, Andreouli (2013). Identity and acculturation: The case of naturalise... more In this interesting article, Andreouli (2013). Identity and acculturation: The case of naturalised citizens in Britain. Culture & Psychology, 19, 1–47) presents a dialogical perspective on acculturation. To support this perspective, the author integrates the Dialogical Self Theory and the Social Representations Theory. Drawing on her theoretical explanation, we develop a conceptual review focused on two pairs of constructs – social representations/I-positions and polyphasia/polyphonia. Andreouli’s empirical study allowed her to operationalize some critiques about the two-dimensional perspective and its strategies on acculturation. Nevertheless, it seems that the author ends up replicating a more conventional and dual way of thinking. Their results give us privileged access to the negotiation of meanings and activation of promoter signs or, in other words, to the dialogical dynamics between I-positions. In this respect, we suggest that the assumption of a more dialogic and semiotic l...
Psicologia, Saúde & Doenças, 2016
RESUMO-As medidas individualizadas usadas na avaliação de resultados terapêuticos, permitem ao pa... more RESUMO-As medidas individualizadas usadas na avaliação de resultados terapêuticos, permitem ao paciente identificar os aspetos que mais valoriza na apreciação de melhoria clínica. O PSYCHLOPS, como medida individualizada, convida o paciente a definir os próprios itens. Neste estudo, os itens sugeridos pelos pacientes foram comparados com os conteúdos de instrumentos estandardizados e validados na avaliação de resultados terapêuticos. Uma amostra de conveniência (n=107) composta por pacientes da consulta de psicologia do Hospital Espírito Santo (Évora), e de três Centros de tratamento para abuso de substâncias preencheram o PSYCHLOPS e, de seguida dois instrumentos apresentados de forma aleatória: o CORE-OM e o PHQ-9. Os 279 itens definidos pelos pacientes no PSYCHLOPS foram codificados através de análise temática, em 51 categorias. Problemas relacionados com o trabalho foi a categoria mais identificada pelos pacientes, como relevante para avaliar o efeito clínico. Das 51 categorias, 17 (33,3%) não estão representadas no CORE-OM e 43 (84,3%) não estão representadas no PHQ-9. A maioria dos pacientes indicou pelo menos um item não existente nem no CORE-OM nem no PHQ-9. Estes dados demonstram a importância das medidas individualizadas para identificar as preocupações mais valorizadas pelo paciente, o que poderá ter implicações para o processo de avaliação da mudança terapêutica. Palavras-chave: Medidas individualizadas, avaliação de resultado, envolvimento do paciente ___________________________________________________________________________ RELEVANCE OF INDIVIDUALIZED MEASURES: LISTENING THE PATIENT MEANS CAPTURING THE STORY? ABSTRACT: Individualized measures are relevant for the assessment of therapeutic results and allow patients to identify the aspects that they value the most in assessing their clinical improvement. PSYCHLOPS, as an individualized measure, invite the patient to create their own items. The items created by the patients were compared with the contents of standardized measures. A sample composed by 107 patients admitted for psychological treatment in Hospital Espírito Santo (Évora), and three institutions for drug misuse fill in the PSYCHLOPS and two standardized measures presented in a random order: CORE-OM and PHQ-9. 279 items were created in PSYCHLOPS and later recoded, by thematic analysis, in 51 subthemes. Work-related problems was the most common subtheme identified by patients
Current Psychiatry Reviews
Research has shown that hallucinations and delusions (characteristic of severe mental disorders) ... more Research has shown that hallucinations and delusions (characteristic of severe mental disorders) are relatively common. Many people in the general population will experience mild instances of such events at some point in their lives. However, for others, these are very disturbing events. Cognitive-behavioural models argue that these differences result from the interpretation of those same experiences. Therefore, cognitive behavioural therapy seeks to know the factors that contribute to the development (e.g. early traumatic experiences) and maintenance (e.g. selective attention, safety behaviours, disruptive control strategies) of psychotic processes, from the deep and isolated understanding of each patient's experience of specific symptoms (e.g. paranoid delusions) rather than their syndromal diagnosis (e.g. schizophrenia). The case formulation for each complex psychotic symptom results from the initial intake assessment at the start of a prospective intervention. This article reviews the cognitive behavioural conceptualization of psychotic symptoms (i.e. auditory hallucinations, delusions and negative symptoms), as well as the key areas of assessment and therapeutic interventions proposed by these models.
Current Psychiatry Reviews, Nov 24, 2017
Research has shown that hallucinations and delusions (characteristic of severe mental disorders) ... more Research has shown that hallucinations and delusions (characteristic of severe mental disorders) are relatively common. Many people in the general population will experience mild instances of such events at some point in their lives. However, for others, these are very disturbing events. Cognitive-behavioural models argue that these differences result from the interpretation of those same experiences. Therefore, cognitive behavioural therapy seeks to know the factors that contribute to the development (e.g. early traumatic experiences) and maintenance (e.g. selective attention, safety behaviours, disruptive control strategies) of psychotic processes, from the deep and isolated understanding of each patient's experience of specific symptoms (e.g. paranoid delusions) rather than their syndromal diagnosis (e.g. schizophrenia). The case formulation for each complex psychotic symptom results from the initial intake assessment at the start of a prospective intervention. This article reviews the cognitive behavioural conceptualization of psychotic symptoms (i.e. auditory hallucinations, delusions and negative symptoms), as well as the key areas of assessment and therapeutic interventions proposed by these models.
Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa
Resumo Neste artigo teórico, partimos do princípio de que os processos humanos de significação e ... more Resumo Neste artigo teórico, partimos do princípio de que os processos humanos de significação e de conhecimento se consubstanciam e se desenvolvem em interdependência com os outros, para abordarmos a identidade pessoal como um espaço dialógico entre um Eu e um Outro (uma pessoa, um grupo, uma comunidade, uma sociedade), dinamicamente regulado por afetos. A inerência dialógica da vida psicológica é abordada - i.e., o papel dos outros na constituição da subjetividade humana - e, particularmente, as dimensões afetivas e motivacionais desse processo.
Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings, Jan 29, 2017
The aim of the present study was to test whether perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingn... more The aim of the present study was to test whether perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness are related to suicide ideation, when controlling for depressive symptoms. The sample consisted of elderly patients recovering from acute medical conditions who were recruited in a medical recovery clinic. Results demonstrated that depressive symptoms and thwarted belongingness related to the suicide ideation item of the Beck Depression Inventory-II, used as an indicator of suicide ideation. Depressive symptoms and thwarted belongingness also discriminated between participants with suicide ideation and participants without suicide ideation as defined by suicide items of the Symptom-Driven Diagnostic System for Primary Care. Results are discussed in terms of potential cultural influences, and clinical implications are highlighted.
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 2017
The aim of the current study was to assess suicide ideation in a sample of older adults recoverin... more The aim of the current study was to assess suicide ideation in a sample of older adults recovering from acute conditions in a clinical recovery facility of the Portuguese Red Cross. Four indicators of suicide ideation were used.
In this commentary we discuss our reactions towards the six contributions on our article “The psy... more In this commentary we discuss our reactions towards the six contributions on our article “The psychotherapist’s social role under a dialogical perspective: A study of the personal construction of «I as psychotherapist»” (in this issue). These commentaries discuss a multiplicity of problems and potentials, providing us with a meaningful space for dialogue among our multiple and sometimes discrepant perspectives. We have organized our reaction around three issues: (1) the importance of context influence on the process of being a psychotherapist; (2) the use of the motives as a tool to organize the psychotherapists’ diversity; and (3) the methodology for studying the dialogical processes.
capa & projeto gráfico d'arcy albuquerque darcyalbuquerque.com editora edições aloendro (portugal... more capa & projeto gráfico d'arcy albuquerque darcyalbuquerque.com editora edições aloendro (portugal) coeditores universidade de évora (portugal); ufpa (brasil) impressão gráfica supercores (belém-pará-brasil) depósito legal 337584/11
In this commentary we discuss our reactions towards the six contributions on our article "The psy... more In this commentary we discuss our reactions towards the six contributions on our article "The psychotherapist's social role under a dialogical perspective: A study of the personal construction of «I as psychotherapist»" (in this issue). These commentaries discuss a multiplicity of problems and potentials, providing us with a meaningful space for dialogue among our multiple and sometimes discrepant perspectives. We have organized our reaction around three issues: (1) the importance of context influence on the process of being a psychotherapist; (2) the use of the motives as a tool to organize the psychotherapists' diversity; and (3) the methodology for studying the dialogical processes.
Revista de Neurociências
RESUMO Objetivo. A apatia é reconhecida como estando presente numa variedade de perturbações psiq... more RESUMO Objetivo. A apatia é reconhecida como estando presente numa variedade de perturbações psiquiátricas e condições neurológicas, reportando uma perturbação motivacional no comportamento orientado para objetivos. O principal objetivo do presente estudo é contribuir para a compreensão da doença de Parkinson, através da análise da relação entre a apatia, aspetos demográficos (e.g., idade, sexo) e alguns aspetos clínicos (e.g., sintomas depressivos) de sujeitos com doença de Parkinson. Método. A amostra é constituída por 61 sujeitos, 30 sujeitos da comunidade (grupo não-clínico) e 31 sujeitos com doença de Parkinson (grupo clínico), os quais foram individualmente submetidos a uma entrevista clínica e a um rastreio cognitivo. Resultados. Os resultados mostram que a apatia se apresenta como uma condição prevalente na doença de Parkinson, fortemente associada a sintomas depressivos, sobretudo no sexo feminino. Conclusões. Os dados reforçam a necessidade de um diagnóstico eficaz da apatia na doença de Parkinson, a compreensão das suas especificidades e da sua associação com a depressão.
Death Studies, 2014
The present study assessed the impact of suicide and distress on suicidal ideation in a sample of... more The present study assessed the impact of suicide and distress on suicidal ideation in a sample of 93 Portuguese family members bereaved by suicide. A control community sample of 102 adults also participated. After controlling for educational level, those bereaved by the suicide of a family member were found to have higher levels of suicidal ideation. Forty-two percent of family members had Suicide Ideation Questionnaire scores at or above the cutoff point. General distress, depression, anxiety, and hostility related to suicidal ideation, whereas time since suicide also interacted with general distress and depression in predicting suicidal ideation.
Journal of Loss and Trauma, 2014
Culture & Psychology, 2013
In this interesting article, Andreouli (2013). Identity and acculturation: The case of naturalise... more In this interesting article, Andreouli (2013). Identity and acculturation: The case of naturalised citizens in Britain. Culture & Psychology, 19, 1–47) presents a dialogical perspective on acculturation. To support this perspective, the author integrates the Dialogical Self Theory and the Social Representations Theory. Drawing on her theoretical explanation, we develop a conceptual review focused on two pairs of constructs – social representations/I-positions and polyphasia/polyphonia. Andreouli’s empirical study allowed her to operationalize some critiques about the two-dimensional perspective and its strategies on acculturation. Nevertheless, it seems that the author ends up replicating a more conventional and dual way of thinking. Their results give us privileged access to the negotiation of meanings and activation of promoter signs or, in other words, to the dialogical dynamics between I-positions. In this respect, we suggest that the assumption of a more dialogic and semiotic l...