Telmo Carvalho - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Telmo Carvalho

A principal razão para a admissão de uma Pessoa numa unidade de saúde é segundo Joseph (2007) a p... more A principal razão para a admissão de uma Pessoa numa unidade de saúde é segundo Joseph (2007) a procura de cuidados de enfermagem. Para análise do impacto da profissão de Enfermagem na Pessoa e nos resultados da organização a autora estabelece um modelo, onde a perspetiva do cuidar deve ser central e as características do profissional são influenciadoras da prestação de cuidados à Pessoa, do estabelecimento de uma relação Enfermeiro/Pessoa e Família, devendo ser analisados os resultados obtidos com a Pessoa ou Família. Collière (1999) refere uma reciprocidade temporária ou definitiva com a Pessoa e o processo de cuidar está inserido num sistema de crenças e valores, possuídos pelo cuidador e a quem são prestados os cuidados. O acesso a resultados na prática de Enfermagem avançada assume cada vez mais um papel de maior relevância. Segundo Williams referenciado por Marques (2000), a satisfação dos utentes pelos cuidados de enfermagem tem influência direta na satisfação com os cuidados...

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, May 1, 2022

BACKGROUND AND AIMSThe new coronavirus disease, named by World Health Organization (WHO) as COVID... more BACKGROUND AND AIMSThe new coronavirus disease, named by World Health Organization (WHO) as COVID-19 brought great challenges to patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In general, ESRD patients have a higher number of comorbidities and are at risk for the severe presentation of this disease.As a lifeline of haemodialysis patients, vascular access (VA) care has a profound impact on the patient's quality of dialysis and life but the ideal management of VA during the pandemic is currently unknown.Many centres differed on their approach and referral criteria to minimize COVID-19 risk but the impact on VA and patient survival is unknown.In this multicentre retrospective cross-sectional study, we analysed the impact of the pandemic on VA maintenance in Vascular Access Centres of Nephrocare Portugal.METHODThe authors collected VA data from haemodialysis patients treated at three Vascular Access Centers of NeproCare Portugal from January 2019 to July 2021 and compared the year before and after the pandemic.RESULTSOf the 14 352 haemodilaysis patients included, with a mean age of 68 ± 14 years, 7.161 procedures were analysed.A total of 4086 endovascular procedures and 3075 surgeries were performed from January 2019 to July 2021 in the three national vascular access centres of Nephrocare.Blood flow decrease measured by the blood temperature sensor BTM_ (Blood Temperature Monitor), Fresenius Medical Care, Bad Homburg, Germany was the most frequent motive of referral to an endovascular procedure before and after the pandemic (P .221).During both waves, physical examination and clinical signs were the most affected motives of referral, followed by a rebound significantly increase (P .058).Thrombosis remained stable during the lockdown followed by a non-significant trend to increase.New vascular access creation was the most frequent motive to send a patient to surgery before and after the pandemic (P .480).Fistula and prosthesis thrombosis also didn't significantly increase as a motive of referral to a VAC (P .221 and 1.0 respectively).Angioplasty without stent followed by thrombolysis was the most frequent types of endovascular procedures before and during the pandemic without significant differences (P .430).Surgical thrombectomy followed by fistula creation were the most frequent types of surgical procedures before and during the pandemic without significant differences (P .683).During the first wave, there was a decrease in procedures without possibility to intervention (P .037) with posterior significant rebound increase.Although there was a trend to a decrease in intervention, the number and types of procedures didn't significantly change before and during the pandemic even after separating different centres.Additionally, the number of hospital admissions related to vascular access also didn't significantly change (P .368).CONCLUSIONWith the implementation of proactive infection control measures, it was possible to maintain proper monitoring, surveillance and VA care without significantly increasing the rate of thrombosis and minimizing related hospital admissions of haemodialysis patients.

 ABSTRACT Introduction and Objectives: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty has been the centra... more  ABSTRACT Introduction and Objectives: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty has been the central therapeutic modality used to treat dialysis vascular access (VA) dysfunction. The gold standard imaging modality is digital subtraction angiography. Some centers recently reported their technical success with ultrasound- -guided angioplasty. Material and Methods: The authors report their first case experience with this modality. A 73 -year -old, diabetic male, on hemodialysis through a brachiocephalic fistula for 4 years, was referred to consultation due to increase of aneurisms, prolongation of haemostasis, recirculation increase and access blood flow (ABF) decrease > 25% from the baseline (1300 ml/min). Regarding the patient's history, there was a mild degree of steal syndrome after the fistula surgery, which improved over time. Doppler ultrasound was successfully used to evaluate VA, characterize stenosis, and guide endovascular procedure. Results: Three haemodynamic signific...

Blood purification, Jan 19, 2018

The definition of significant stenosis (SS) remains controversial. We retrospectively reviewed 1,... more The definition of significant stenosis (SS) remains controversial. We retrospectively reviewed 1,040 consultations. SS was defined in the presence of clinical and echo-Doppler (DDU) criteria: Qa <500 mL/min or Qa decrease >25%; RI >0.7 in the feeding artery or absolute minimal luminal stenosis diameter <2.0 mm. Stenosis without any additional criteria were considered borderline stenosis (BS). Two hundred twenty-one arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) were included: 58.8% had SS, 18.6% had BS, and 22.6% had no dysfunctional access (ND). SS had a significantly higher thrombotic events than BS and ND (13.1 vs. 4.4%, p = 0.018). The annual thrombosis rate was 0.007, 0.037, and 0.004 in the ND, SS, and BS, respectively. AVF cumulative survival at 5 years was significantly lower in SS (89.5%) compared to BS (100%) and ND (97.4%; p = 0.03). BS had an HR for AVF failure of 1.1, p = 0.955, while the SS presented an HR of 5.9, p = 0.09. AVF clinical monitoring with additional DDU criter...

Journal of vascular surgery, Sep 20, 2018

Cephalic arch stenosis (CAS) is an important and recurring problem arising in hemodialysis patien... more Cephalic arch stenosis (CAS) is an important and recurring problem arising in hemodialysis patients because of the requirement for repeated interventions to maintain patency. The aim of this study was to determine predictive factors for recurrence of CAS after successful angioplasty. A retrospective, case-control study was conducted at two ambulatory vascular access (VA) centers. All patients with a dysfunctional VA referred for an angiographic procedure and with a documented CAS as evidenced during the endovascular intervention (EI) between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2015, were enrolled; 15 patients in whom an efficacious intervention was not possible were excluded. The study thus concerned 375 EIs using percutaneous transluminal angioplasty without stent placement on 241 VAs for CAS (9% of all procedures performed) during a 3-year period. Patients were compared regarding the absence (group 1; n = 181) or presence (group 2; n = 60) of recurrent CAS. We defined recurrence as ...

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 2017

In diabetic patients with TCC infection, there are significantly more pronounced inflammatory res... more In diabetic patients with TCC infection, there are significantly more pronounced inflammatory response-C reactive protein (p=0,05) than in non-diabetic patients who have infection (table 1.) The presence of DM increases the risk of infection by 1.25 times (OR 1.25; CI 0.53 to 2.90, p = 0.606). Although without statistical significance, binary logistic regression analysis confirmed that right jugular position of TCC had protective effect on the occurrence of infections (OR 0.71; CI 0.13 to 3.76: p = 0.689). CONCLUSIONS: In presented group of patients TCC infection rate is high, and diabetics have a 25 percent higher risk.TCC into the right jugular vein stands out as protective.

The journal of vascular access, Jan 24, 2016

Kidney Disease - Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) recommends post-percutaneous transluminal angi... more Kidney Disease - Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) recommends post-percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) <30% residual stenosis (RS) and hemodynamic parameters improvement. Primary end point: how post-PTA access blood flow (ABF) improvement predicts vascular access (VA) outcome. Secondary: compare Doppler ultrasound (DU) and angiography diagnostic accuracy; determine how other factors predict outcome. Eighty patients. DU evaluation performed pre- and post-PTA. Several parameters recorded. Secondary patency verified after 6 months. Initial ABF 537 ± 248 mL/min; final ABF 1013 ± 354 mL/min. Number and location of stenosis was highly correlated between DU and angiography (p<0.001); central vessels mismatching. First semester overall survival was 63%; significantly better for fistulas (76%) than grafts (51.7%), p 0.044. Final RS>30% associated to better survival, p 0.038. Initial ABF<500 mL/min and multiple stenosis did not affect outcome (p>0.05). A >2-fold ABF ...

The journal of vascular access, Jan 31, 2016

Hemodialysis (HD) is the main treatment modality in stage 5 chronic kidney disease, and vascular ... more Hemodialysis (HD) is the main treatment modality in stage 5 chronic kidney disease, and vascular access planning is a crucial step in the path to dialysis treatment. Beyond detailed patient history and physical examination, duplex ultrasound (DU) evaluation is essential in preoperative vascular mapping. A retrospective descriptive nonrandomized study was performed and included 108 end-stage kidney disease patients referred from eight HD centers to be assessed for creation of an arteriovenous (AV) access (AV fistula or AV graft). We assessed primary failure, primary unassisted patency (PP) and primary assisted patency (PAP) rates and cumulative survival of AV accesses at 6 and 12 months. We created 86 AV accesses of which 79 (91.9%) were AV fistulas (AVFs) (29 distal AVFs, 49 proximal AVFs and 1 femorofemoral AVF) and 7 (8.1%) arteriovenous grafts (AVGs). Fifteen percent (15%) (n = 12) of primary failure occurred in the AVF group. Any case of primary failure was observed between AVGs...

Hemodialysis International, 2012

Prevalent use of tunneled dialysis catheters can reach 30%. Infection remains the most serious ca... more Prevalent use of tunneled dialysis catheters can reach 30%. Infection remains the most serious catheter‐related problem. Catheter locks are increasingly used for prevention, but are not yet recommended either by the Food and Drug Association or European Medicines Agency, on the basis of increasing bacterial resistance or lock toxicity. The aim was to test safety and effectiveness of citrate. A prospective, interventional study was conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of a 30% citrate lock in preventing catheter‐related bacteremia (CRB). A total of 157 prevalent tunneled catheters were locked with citrate and prospectively followed during a 1‐year period. The primary endpoint was first CRB diagnosed according to two of the diagnostic criteria for Catheter Infection of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), namely definite and probable infection. The CDC criterion of possible but not proved infection was not considered. This citrate lock cohort (n = 157) had 10 episo...

Portuguese Journal of Nephrology & Hypertension, 2021

Background: The efficacy and cost-effectiveness of drug-eluting balloon (DEB) in vascular access ... more Background: The efficacy and cost-effectiveness of drug-eluting balloon (DEB) in vascular access for dialysis remain unclear. Methods: Data obtained from using DEB in highly recurrent stenosis were retrospectively analyzed. These data were obtained from procedures performed in the Vascular Access Center, responsible for attending over 3600 patients from 30 dialysis centers. Highly recurrent stenosis is defined as stenosis having three or more previous interventions and/or associated with early recurrence defined as the last procedure in less than 90 days. Patency and cost-effectiveness were evaluated. Patency was defined as the number of days free of interventions after applying DEB. Cost-effectiveness was evaluated using the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and an estimation of costs per day/patient/year. Results: Data from 37 consecutive procedures on 32 patients were assessed. The average patency time between interventions was 107.22 ± 104.428 days before DEB intervent...

Seminars in Dialysis, Sep 1, 2014

The patency of the vascular access (VA) is a fight for the attending nephrologist. A retrospectiv... more The patency of the vascular access (VA) is a fight for the attending nephrologist. A retrospective observational study was conducted to compare the success rate of surgical versus endovascular technique percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for graft thrombosis treatment. Of 3008 patients, 22.1% patients were dialyzed through grafts. Forty-five percent of all prevalent patients referred due to VA malfunction had a graft. For 18 months, 336 thrombosed grafts were submitted to surgery in 228 cases and to PTA in 126. PTA for thrombolysis included the Pharmaco-Mechanical Technique and the Arrow-Trerotola Device. Procedures were performed as outpatient, with an average delay of 1 day. Immediate success was 100% for surgery and 87.3% for PTA. The unassisted patency for thrombosed grafts for surgery/PTA was 265.12 ± 15.30/230.59 ± 19.83 days respectively, favoring surgery. The primary patency for thrombosed grafts treated by surgery/PTA at 30, 90, and 180 days was, respectively, 74.1%/81%, 63.2%/67.5%, and 53.9%/55.6% all in favor of PTA. AV grafts have a much higher rate of thrombosis than fistulas. Graft thrombosis can be dealt either by surgery or PTA, with identical success.