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UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
The provision of urban infrastructure like water service has become a major concern in many devel... more The provision of urban infrastructure like water service has become a major concern in many developed and developing countries. Access to safe water and sanitary means of waste disposal is universal needs and indeed basic human rights. Besides, they are essential elements of human development and poverty alleviation and constitute an obligatory component of primary health care. The main objective of this study is to assess issues, challenges and management of urban household water supply: in case of Durame city, Kambata Tembaro Zone, SNNP Region. The study is descriptive in its nature and both qualitative and quantitative research Approach with a sample size of 120 which selected through systematic random sampling method used. Interview questionnaires were employed for data collection. Lastly the data were analyzed using descriptive statistical tools like frequency and percentage. The study findings revealed that factors like, shortage of water at the sources; rapid population growt...
This study explored the ethnic quest for self-governance and their management under Ethiopian fed... more This study explored the ethnic quest for self-governance and their management under Ethiopian federal system by focusing on experience from the Southern Regional State. The FDRE constitution has created a positive interrelationship between practicing the right to self-determination and ethnic identity thereby recognizing this right to ethnically defined groups. Therefore, it is justifiable and legitimate for all ethnically defined groups to claim the right to selfdetermination. The main objective of this study was to examine the ethnic claims for self-governance in multi-ethnic Southern Regional State within the context of Ethiopian ethnic federal system. This study was based on qualitative method approach and the study employed a number of data collection methods such as data from primary and archival sources and secondary literature. The finding of the study revealed that by merging very diverse ethno-linguistic groups into one federated unit, the Southern Nation Nationalities and Peoples Regional State, the existing political system has created minority-within-minority. As a result, those ethnic groups who have been given their own sub-regional administrative units have acquired political majority over the subsumed ethnic groups. This, in turn, has created a feeling of being dominated and marginalized by the subsumed ethnic groups. This is the basic cause for continuing dynamics of ethnic claims for self-governance at Regional, Zonal and Woreda status in this Regional State. The study recommended that the Southern Regional State should be restructured to accommodate continuing dynamics of ethnic claims for self-governance.
Ethiopian journal of the social sciences and humanities, 2021
This study examined the dynamics of conflict, emerging trends and relationship between inter-past... more This study examined the dynamics of conflict, emerging trends and relationship between inter-pastoral conflicts and environmental changes in Nyangatom, Southern Ethiopia. The study employed a qualitative approach and exploratory case study research design. The study revealed that inter-pastoral conflicts stem from multiple and compounding dynamics. The environmental change has escalated intense inter-pastoralists’ contestation and conflicts, including crossborder conflict, on the scarce and fast-depleting natural resources. Indeed, there is a causal link between inter-pastoral conflicts and environmental changes. In this regard, the environmental factor has uniquely affected the Nyangatom due to the drying of Kibish River and rapid invasion of Prosopis–Juliflora in their key grazing lands. In response to environmental stresses as part of the traditional copying mechanism, the Nyangatom cross border deep into South-Sudan to their ethnic kin of Toposa and into Kenya that usually cause...
Despite the evolution of multiethnic Ethiopia by territorial conquest, successive feudal regimes ... more Despite the evolution of multiethnic Ethiopia by territorial conquest, successive feudal regimes were embarked on hegemonic project of building a nation–state. However, this had brought the National Questions as the politico-ideological agenda by the Ethiopian Student Movement (ESM). The ESM advocated Marxist–Leninism as their ideological curricula and promoted self–determination up to secession as a solution to the National Questions. Descended from the ESM, the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) and its satellite armed groups assumed the state power as the Ethiopian Peoples' Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) after waging a successful armed struggle against socialist military regime in 1991. As a legitimate response to the National Questions, the TPLF/ EPRDF adopted a federal system that was explicitly based on ethnicity and formalized ethnic rights to self-determination up to secession. By transforming itself into multi-ethnic EPRDF, the TPLF enlarged its programme and ideology nationwide with the ambition of creating a renewed, 'revolutionary– democratic centralist federalism' instead of an enforced unitary state. Accordingly, the normative base for ethnic federalism in Ethiopia is undoubtedly connected with ideology of the TPLF. With its triple radical and pioneering approaches: federalism, ethnicity and principle of self–determination, Ethiopia has gone further than any other African states and further than almost any state worldwide. Cite This Article As: Thomas, Temesgen (2016). Ethnic Federal System in Ethiopia: Origin, Ideology and Paradoxes. Inter. J. Polit. Sci. Develop. 4(1): 1-15
ABSTRACT The study examined conflicts and challenges that impede the effectiveness of the UN Peac... more ABSTRACT
The study examined conflicts and challenges that impede the effectiveness of the UN Peacekeeping Operation (UNPKO) in the Congolese State. The study is based on the analytical review of secondary sources. Conflict has continued in the eastern Congo that has been the epicenter of all phases of Congolese wars. The conflict dynamics are as complex as the challenges of resolving them are difficult. The origin of the UN PKOs in Africa started in the Congolese State in 1960. Despite long year of deployment and being the world‘s largest PKO and the first to use the intervention brigade; Congolese state has remained conflict-stricken nation in Africa. For the first time, the UN PKO received one of the first Chapter VII mandates and intervention brigade that pushed the boundaries of accepted peacekeeping doctrine from peacekeeping mission to peace enforcement operations is in the Congolese state. Based on Barry Buzan‘s Security Complex as conceptual framework, the study uncovered that Congolese conflict is strongly linked into state politics and Regional security dynamics of the Great Lake Region. The regional politics and security complex and competitive regional states‘ power struggle to gain geopolitical power are seriously impeding the success of the UNPKO and challenging efforts to resolve Congolese conflicts. The Congolese state failure to do a catch by consolidating gains has remained the greatest challenges for the UNPKOs. Therefore, the study suggests strengthening Congolese state institutions and addressing the regional security dynamics to bring peace in the region.
Keywords: Conflicts, Congolese State, UN Peacekeeping Operation, Challenge, Great Lake Region and State Failure
This study explored the ethnic quest for self-governance and their management under Ethiopian fed... more This study explored the ethnic quest for self-governance and their management under Ethiopian federal system by focusing on experience from the Southern
Regional State. The FDRE constitution has created a positive interrelationship between practicing the right to self-determination and ethnic identity thereby
recognizing this right to ethnically defined groups. Therefore, it is justifiable and legitimate for all ethnically defined groups to claim the right to selfdetermination.
The main objective of this study was to examine the ethnic claims for self-governance in multi-ethnic Southern Regional State within the context
of Ethiopian ethnic federal system. This study was based on qualitative method approach and the study employed a number of data collection methods such as
data from primary and archival sources and secondary literature. The finding of the study revealed that by merging very diverse ethno-linguistic groups into one
federated unit, the Southern Nation Nationalities and Peoples Regional State, the existing political system has created minority-within-minority. As a result, those
ethnic groups who have been given their own sub-regional administrative units have acquired political majority over the subsumed ethnic groups. This, in turn,
has created a feeling of being dominated and marginalized by the subsumed ethnic groups. This is the basic cause for continuing dynamics of ethnic claims for
self-governance at Regional, Zonal and Woreda status in this Regional State. The study recommended that the Southern Regional State should be restructured
to accommodate continuing dynamics of ethnic claims for self-governance.
Abstract This study explored the ethnic quest for self-governance in the Ethiopian federal system... more Abstract This study explored the ethnic quest for self-governance in the Ethiopian federal system focusing on experience from the Southern Regional State. The FDRE Constitution has created a positive interrelationship between practicing the right to self-governance and ethnic identity thereby recognizing it to ethnically defined groups. Therefore, it is justifiable and legitimate for all ethnically defined groups to claim the right to self-governance. The main objective of this study was to examine the ethnic claims for self-governance in multi-ethnic Southern Regional State within the context of Ethiopian ethnic federal system. This study was based on qualitative method approach and the study employed a number of data collection methods such as data from primary and archival sources and secondary literature.The findings of the study revealed that by merging very diverse ethno-linguistic groups into one federated unit, the Southern Nation Nationalities and Peoples Regional State, the existing political system has created minority-within-minority. As a result, those ethnic groups, who have been given their own sub-regional administrative units, have acquired political majority over the subsumed ethnic groups. This has created a feeling of being dominated and marginalized by the subsumed ethnic groups such as Oyda, Goffa, Danta, Tembaro and so on. This is the basic cause for continuing dynamics of ethnic claims for self-governance at Regional, Zonal and Woreda status in this Regional State.The study recommended two policy options: one is to restructure the Southern Regional State and, the other, easiest remedy, is to organize additional Sub-Regional Units for some of the subsumed ethnically defined groups.
The above mentioned tracks are only indicative, and not exhaustive.
UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
The provision of urban infrastructure like water service has become a major concern in many devel... more The provision of urban infrastructure like water service has become a major concern in many developed and developing countries. Access to safe water and sanitary means of waste disposal is universal needs and indeed basic human rights. Besides, they are essential elements of human development and poverty alleviation and constitute an obligatory component of primary health care. The main objective of this study is to assess issues, challenges and management of urban household water supply: in case of Durame city, Kambata Tembaro Zone, SNNP Region. The study is descriptive in its nature and both qualitative and quantitative research Approach with a sample size of 120 which selected through systematic random sampling method used. Interview questionnaires were employed for data collection. Lastly the data were analyzed using descriptive statistical tools like frequency and percentage. The study findings revealed that factors like, shortage of water at the sources; rapid population growt...
This study explored the ethnic quest for self-governance and their management under Ethiopian fed... more This study explored the ethnic quest for self-governance and their management under Ethiopian federal system by focusing on experience from the Southern Regional State. The FDRE constitution has created a positive interrelationship between practicing the right to self-determination and ethnic identity thereby recognizing this right to ethnically defined groups. Therefore, it is justifiable and legitimate for all ethnically defined groups to claim the right to selfdetermination. The main objective of this study was to examine the ethnic claims for self-governance in multi-ethnic Southern Regional State within the context of Ethiopian ethnic federal system. This study was based on qualitative method approach and the study employed a number of data collection methods such as data from primary and archival sources and secondary literature. The finding of the study revealed that by merging very diverse ethno-linguistic groups into one federated unit, the Southern Nation Nationalities and Peoples Regional State, the existing political system has created minority-within-minority. As a result, those ethnic groups who have been given their own sub-regional administrative units have acquired political majority over the subsumed ethnic groups. This, in turn, has created a feeling of being dominated and marginalized by the subsumed ethnic groups. This is the basic cause for continuing dynamics of ethnic claims for self-governance at Regional, Zonal and Woreda status in this Regional State. The study recommended that the Southern Regional State should be restructured to accommodate continuing dynamics of ethnic claims for self-governance.
Ethiopian journal of the social sciences and humanities, 2021
This study examined the dynamics of conflict, emerging trends and relationship between inter-past... more This study examined the dynamics of conflict, emerging trends and relationship between inter-pastoral conflicts and environmental changes in Nyangatom, Southern Ethiopia. The study employed a qualitative approach and exploratory case study research design. The study revealed that inter-pastoral conflicts stem from multiple and compounding dynamics. The environmental change has escalated intense inter-pastoralists’ contestation and conflicts, including crossborder conflict, on the scarce and fast-depleting natural resources. Indeed, there is a causal link between inter-pastoral conflicts and environmental changes. In this regard, the environmental factor has uniquely affected the Nyangatom due to the drying of Kibish River and rapid invasion of Prosopis–Juliflora in their key grazing lands. In response to environmental stresses as part of the traditional copying mechanism, the Nyangatom cross border deep into South-Sudan to their ethnic kin of Toposa and into Kenya that usually cause...
Despite the evolution of multiethnic Ethiopia by territorial conquest, successive feudal regimes ... more Despite the evolution of multiethnic Ethiopia by territorial conquest, successive feudal regimes were embarked on hegemonic project of building a nation–state. However, this had brought the National Questions as the politico-ideological agenda by the Ethiopian Student Movement (ESM). The ESM advocated Marxist–Leninism as their ideological curricula and promoted self–determination up to secession as a solution to the National Questions. Descended from the ESM, the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) and its satellite armed groups assumed the state power as the Ethiopian Peoples' Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) after waging a successful armed struggle against socialist military regime in 1991. As a legitimate response to the National Questions, the TPLF/ EPRDF adopted a federal system that was explicitly based on ethnicity and formalized ethnic rights to self-determination up to secession. By transforming itself into multi-ethnic EPRDF, the TPLF enlarged its programme and ideology nationwide with the ambition of creating a renewed, 'revolutionary– democratic centralist federalism' instead of an enforced unitary state. Accordingly, the normative base for ethnic federalism in Ethiopia is undoubtedly connected with ideology of the TPLF. With its triple radical and pioneering approaches: federalism, ethnicity and principle of self–determination, Ethiopia has gone further than any other African states and further than almost any state worldwide. Cite This Article As: Thomas, Temesgen (2016). Ethnic Federal System in Ethiopia: Origin, Ideology and Paradoxes. Inter. J. Polit. Sci. Develop. 4(1): 1-15
ABSTRACT The study examined conflicts and challenges that impede the effectiveness of the UN Peac... more ABSTRACT
The study examined conflicts and challenges that impede the effectiveness of the UN Peacekeeping Operation (UNPKO) in the Congolese State. The study is based on the analytical review of secondary sources. Conflict has continued in the eastern Congo that has been the epicenter of all phases of Congolese wars. The conflict dynamics are as complex as the challenges of resolving them are difficult. The origin of the UN PKOs in Africa started in the Congolese State in 1960. Despite long year of deployment and being the world‘s largest PKO and the first to use the intervention brigade; Congolese state has remained conflict-stricken nation in Africa. For the first time, the UN PKO received one of the first Chapter VII mandates and intervention brigade that pushed the boundaries of accepted peacekeeping doctrine from peacekeeping mission to peace enforcement operations is in the Congolese state. Based on Barry Buzan‘s Security Complex as conceptual framework, the study uncovered that Congolese conflict is strongly linked into state politics and Regional security dynamics of the Great Lake Region. The regional politics and security complex and competitive regional states‘ power struggle to gain geopolitical power are seriously impeding the success of the UNPKO and challenging efforts to resolve Congolese conflicts. The Congolese state failure to do a catch by consolidating gains has remained the greatest challenges for the UNPKOs. Therefore, the study suggests strengthening Congolese state institutions and addressing the regional security dynamics to bring peace in the region.
Keywords: Conflicts, Congolese State, UN Peacekeeping Operation, Challenge, Great Lake Region and State Failure
This study explored the ethnic quest for self-governance and their management under Ethiopian fed... more This study explored the ethnic quest for self-governance and their management under Ethiopian federal system by focusing on experience from the Southern
Regional State. The FDRE constitution has created a positive interrelationship between practicing the right to self-determination and ethnic identity thereby
recognizing this right to ethnically defined groups. Therefore, it is justifiable and legitimate for all ethnically defined groups to claim the right to selfdetermination.
The main objective of this study was to examine the ethnic claims for self-governance in multi-ethnic Southern Regional State within the context
of Ethiopian ethnic federal system. This study was based on qualitative method approach and the study employed a number of data collection methods such as
data from primary and archival sources and secondary literature. The finding of the study revealed that by merging very diverse ethno-linguistic groups into one
federated unit, the Southern Nation Nationalities and Peoples Regional State, the existing political system has created minority-within-minority. As a result, those
ethnic groups who have been given their own sub-regional administrative units have acquired political majority over the subsumed ethnic groups. This, in turn,
has created a feeling of being dominated and marginalized by the subsumed ethnic groups. This is the basic cause for continuing dynamics of ethnic claims for
self-governance at Regional, Zonal and Woreda status in this Regional State. The study recommended that the Southern Regional State should be restructured
to accommodate continuing dynamics of ethnic claims for self-governance.
Abstract This study explored the ethnic quest for self-governance in the Ethiopian federal system... more Abstract This study explored the ethnic quest for self-governance in the Ethiopian federal system focusing on experience from the Southern Regional State. The FDRE Constitution has created a positive interrelationship between practicing the right to self-governance and ethnic identity thereby recognizing it to ethnically defined groups. Therefore, it is justifiable and legitimate for all ethnically defined groups to claim the right to self-governance. The main objective of this study was to examine the ethnic claims for self-governance in multi-ethnic Southern Regional State within the context of Ethiopian ethnic federal system. This study was based on qualitative method approach and the study employed a number of data collection methods such as data from primary and archival sources and secondary literature.The findings of the study revealed that by merging very diverse ethno-linguistic groups into one federated unit, the Southern Nation Nationalities and Peoples Regional State, the existing political system has created minority-within-minority. As a result, those ethnic groups, who have been given their own sub-regional administrative units, have acquired political majority over the subsumed ethnic groups. This has created a feeling of being dominated and marginalized by the subsumed ethnic groups such as Oyda, Goffa, Danta, Tembaro and so on. This is the basic cause for continuing dynamics of ethnic claims for self-governance at Regional, Zonal and Woreda status in this Regional State.The study recommended two policy options: one is to restructure the Southern Regional State and, the other, easiest remedy, is to organize additional Sub-Regional Units for some of the subsumed ethnically defined groups.
The above mentioned tracks are only indicative, and not exhaustive.