Terje Vaaland - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Terje Vaaland

From research question to research design. Challenges of obtaining valid sensitive data

The aim of this paper is to gain insight into the various control practices. This study investiga... more The aim of this paper is to gain insight into the various control practices. This study investigated how partners exercise control over their international joint venture (IJV) relationships. This also provided a practical insight into how IJV partners can mange considerable tension and conflict yet still achieve their strategic objectives. In the first section, we outline some of the basic concepts of IJV control and give the rationale for its increasing relevance when facing cross-cultural joint ventures. We continue by addressing various aspects of IJV control, including a typology of control mechanisms. In the third and fourth sections, we discuss the methodology applied, and give an overview of the empirical fundamentals in terms of two cases, both IJV Australian/Indian dyads. In the fifth section, we discuss our three main findings. We have identified various sets of goal attainments in the dyads and two distinct types of IJVs, and found that control mechanisms are compounded, interrelated and dynamic. In the sixth section, we propose a conceptual model with a dual parent perspective of control and satisfaction in IJV's. The paper ends with conclusions, implications, limitations and our proposal for further research.

Can the SME survive the supply chain challenges?

Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 2007

... SMEs operate in. This implies that some of the crucial tools and concepts that enhance supply... more ... SMEs operate in. This implies that some of the crucial tools and concepts that enhance supply chain competitiveness do not receive the necessary degree of attention amongSME business managers. The SME and e-commerce. ...

Why Do Business Partners Divorce? The Role of Cultural Distance in Inter-Firm Conflict Behavior

Journal of Business-to-Business Marketing, 2004

... 2000. The Termination of Inter-Firm Relation-ships. Journal of Business and Industrial Market... more ... 2000. The Termination of Inter-Firm Relation-ships. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing 16 (2): 94-112. Grønhaug, Kjell, Inge Jan Henjesand, and Anita Koveland. 1999. ... 17 Page 18. Oudenhoven, Jan Pieter van, Lonneke Mechelse, and Carsten KW de Dreu. 1998. ...

The “agent effect” on business divorce

Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 2005

Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to explore the introduction of agents, such as consultants ... more Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to explore the introduction of agents, such as consultants and lawyers, when the continuation of a business relationship is threatened by conflict. Design/methodology/approach – Based on findings in a distorted business relationship in the oil industry, describes an “agent effect” on managerial decisions. Findings – The “agent effect” reduces uncertainty in the

The paradoxical role of competence development in supply chain management: empirical findings from Norway

International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, 2008

ABSTRACT Supply chain management (SCM) is an important way to enhance competitive strength. This ... more ABSTRACT Supply chain management (SCM) is an important way to enhance competitive strength. This paper focuses on the importance that commercial companies place on competence development in relation to SCM and the extent to which they are prepared to work systematically in order to develop the competence needed to meet the SCM challenges. Findings from a nation-wide empirical study, reported in this paper, show that companies generally consider SCM to be strategically important. Lack of competence and poor internal knowledge about logistics costs were highlighted as the main barriers to making the companies' value chains more effective. However, somewhat paradoxically, the same companies expressed little intention to address these barriers through developing the necessary level of competence and improving their systems for managing competence development. Furthermore, contrary to expectations, the companies' intention to improve the competence base appears to be unrelated to the financial rationale for doing so. The findings have a number of managerial and research implications, which are highlighted in the paper.

International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management, 2005

The aim of the paper is to explore how relationship ending between business partners contributes ... more The aim of the paper is to explore how relationship ending between business partners contributes to changes in the structure of a technology based network. By studying how network structure is affected by the break-up of dyadic actor bonds, we seek to understand the stability of network positions. The study is empirically based on an organized industrial network, which focuses on market and technological innovation within the Norwegian oil and gas industry. We simulated relationship ending between companies and observed that the "disengaging" parties move towards the periphery of the network. This in turn reduces the stability and sustainability of the whole network. The findings have relevance for how companies manage their relationships, and how organized networks with the purpose of technology innovation are managed.

The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 2006

The aim of the paper is to explore how relationship ending between business partners contributes ... more The aim of the paper is to explore how relationship ending between business partners contributes to changes in the structure of a technology based network. By studying how network structure is affected by the break-up of dyadic actor bonds, we seek to understand the stability of network positions. The study is empirically based on an organized industrial network, which focuses on market and technological innovation within the Norwegian oil and gas industry. We simulated relationship ending between companies and observed that the "disengaging" parties move towards the periphery of the network. This in turn reduces the stability and sustainability of the whole network. The findings have relevance for how companies manage their relationships, and how organized networks with the purpose of technology innovation are managed.

International Journal of Business and Management, 2012

The paper introduces the concept of responsible supply chain based on two dimensions, the core pr... more The paper introduces the concept of responsible supply chain based on two dimensions, the core processes of a supply chain and the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR). It is suggested that a responsible supply chain is achieved through manifested core values of the supply chain actors, strategies, and tactics. The paper further discusses the individual supply chain actors' responsibility in securing a responsible supply chain beyond the actors' direct control. A conceptual model and a definition of a responsible supply chain are offered. Our model not only provides structure to the extant research but also develops new constructs and relationships that improve the conceptualization of the responsible supply chain. The paper is based on a review of 81 research articles published between 2000 and 2010 in which elements of CSR and supply chain processes are included.

Industrial Marketing Management, 2003

This article focuses on how the phenomenon of conflict between buyer-seller in complex projects c... more This article focuses on how the phenomenon of conflict between buyer-seller in complex projects can be approached from a theoretical and a methodological angle. Two paradigms for approaching conflict are discussed: Conflict as a problem to be removed and conflict as a resource and tool for improvement. Constructs to be used include friction events that indicate traces of conflict. In understanding conflict it is argued that the events should be related to two fundamental different governance mechanisms in order to understand the importance of formal governance such as the formal contract or network governance implying social interaction. claims that the core issue of conflict is the situation of which A fully understands what is expected from him, but rejects the line of conduct that B requires. Furthermore A is prepared to pursue both his own goals and the line of action by which he proposes to achieve them. A shorter definition is suggested by Deutsch (1973 p.10): "A conflict exists whenever incompatible activities occur".

Corporate social responsibility: investigating theory and research in the marketing context

European Journal of Marketing, 2008

... Carroll, AB (2000), "The four faces of corporate citizenship&amp... more ... Carroll, AB (2000), "The four faces of corporate citizenship", in Richardson, JE (Eds),Business Ethics 00/01, Dushkin/McGraw-Hill, Guilford, pp.187-91. ...

… presented on 18th IMP-Conference in …, 2002

The objective of this conceptual paper is to identify the communication strategies that are avail... more The objective of this conceptual paper is to identify the communication strategies that are available to companies when dissolving cross-cultural buyer-seller relationships in order to achieve effective dissolution outcomes. After the Introduction we ...

Managing corporate social responsibility: lessons from the oil industry

Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 2008

ABSTRACT Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to improve the understanding of the manner in whi... more ABSTRACT Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to improve the understanding of the manner in which companies deal with key stakeholders in relation to corporate social responsibility (CSR), focusing in particular on how companies can handle critical incidents related to CSR and utilize these experiences in enforcing their regular social responsibility. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on a case study methodology. Findings – CSR should be managed by a combination of handling unexpected episodes that threaten existing social responsibility (incident recovery) and the long-term reduction of gaps between stakeholder expectations and the company performance (CSR enforcement). Furthermore, CSR implies building and maintaining relationships with society through interplay between actors, resources and activities. Practical implications – The study contributes to managerial decision making by identifying seven types of implications and activities necessary to actively manage key aspects of social responsibility. Originality/value – The paper integrates long-term social responsibility enforcement with short-term social responsibility recovery by means of a recent corporate case from the oil industry.

Abstract The aim of the paper is to construct a process model for business relationship restorati... more Abstract The aim of the paper is to construct a process model for business relationship restoration. We suggest a three-phase model in which the first phase includes an identification of the factors that attenuate relationship ending. The second phase stresses the importance of the attenuating factors present in a relationship.

Business relationships facing the end: why restore them?

From research question to research design. Challenges of obtaining valid sensitive data

The aim of this paper is to gain insight into the various control practices. This study investiga... more The aim of this paper is to gain insight into the various control practices. This study investigated how partners exercise control over their international joint venture (IJV) relationships. This also provided a practical insight into how IJV partners can mange considerable tension and conflict yet still achieve their strategic objectives. In the first section, we outline some of the basic concepts of IJV control and give the rationale for its increasing relevance when facing cross-cultural joint ventures. We continue by addressing various aspects of IJV control, including a typology of control mechanisms. In the third and fourth sections, we discuss the methodology applied, and give an overview of the empirical fundamentals in terms of two cases, both IJV Australian/Indian dyads. In the fifth section, we discuss our three main findings. We have identified various sets of goal attainments in the dyads and two distinct types of IJVs, and found that control mechanisms are compounded, interrelated and dynamic. In the sixth section, we propose a conceptual model with a dual parent perspective of control and satisfaction in IJV's. The paper ends with conclusions, implications, limitations and our proposal for further research.

Can the SME survive the supply chain challenges?

Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 2007

... SMEs operate in. This implies that some of the crucial tools and concepts that enhance supply... more ... SMEs operate in. This implies that some of the crucial tools and concepts that enhance supply chain competitiveness do not receive the necessary degree of attention amongSME business managers. The SME and e-commerce. ...

Why Do Business Partners Divorce? The Role of Cultural Distance in Inter-Firm Conflict Behavior

Journal of Business-to-Business Marketing, 2004

... 2000. The Termination of Inter-Firm Relation-ships. Journal of Business and Industrial Market... more ... 2000. The Termination of Inter-Firm Relation-ships. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing 16 (2): 94-112. Grønhaug, Kjell, Inge Jan Henjesand, and Anita Koveland. 1999. ... 17 Page 18. Oudenhoven, Jan Pieter van, Lonneke Mechelse, and Carsten KW de Dreu. 1998. ...

The “agent effect” on business divorce

Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 2005

Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to explore the introduction of agents, such as consultants ... more Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to explore the introduction of agents, such as consultants and lawyers, when the continuation of a business relationship is threatened by conflict. Design/methodology/approach – Based on findings in a distorted business relationship in the oil industry, describes an “agent effect” on managerial decisions. Findings – The “agent effect” reduces uncertainty in the

The paradoxical role of competence development in supply chain management: empirical findings from Norway

International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, 2008

ABSTRACT Supply chain management (SCM) is an important way to enhance competitive strength. This ... more ABSTRACT Supply chain management (SCM) is an important way to enhance competitive strength. This paper focuses on the importance that commercial companies place on competence development in relation to SCM and the extent to which they are prepared to work systematically in order to develop the competence needed to meet the SCM challenges. Findings from a nation-wide empirical study, reported in this paper, show that companies generally consider SCM to be strategically important. Lack of competence and poor internal knowledge about logistics costs were highlighted as the main barriers to making the companies' value chains more effective. However, somewhat paradoxically, the same companies expressed little intention to address these barriers through developing the necessary level of competence and improving their systems for managing competence development. Furthermore, contrary to expectations, the companies' intention to improve the competence base appears to be unrelated to the financial rationale for doing so. The findings have a number of managerial and research implications, which are highlighted in the paper.

International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management, 2005

The aim of the paper is to explore how relationship ending between business partners contributes ... more The aim of the paper is to explore how relationship ending between business partners contributes to changes in the structure of a technology based network. By studying how network structure is affected by the break-up of dyadic actor bonds, we seek to understand the stability of network positions. The study is empirically based on an organized industrial network, which focuses on market and technological innovation within the Norwegian oil and gas industry. We simulated relationship ending between companies and observed that the "disengaging" parties move towards the periphery of the network. This in turn reduces the stability and sustainability of the whole network. The findings have relevance for how companies manage their relationships, and how organized networks with the purpose of technology innovation are managed.

The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 2006

The aim of the paper is to explore how relationship ending between business partners contributes ... more The aim of the paper is to explore how relationship ending between business partners contributes to changes in the structure of a technology based network. By studying how network structure is affected by the break-up of dyadic actor bonds, we seek to understand the stability of network positions. The study is empirically based on an organized industrial network, which focuses on market and technological innovation within the Norwegian oil and gas industry. We simulated relationship ending between companies and observed that the "disengaging" parties move towards the periphery of the network. This in turn reduces the stability and sustainability of the whole network. The findings have relevance for how companies manage their relationships, and how organized networks with the purpose of technology innovation are managed.

International Journal of Business and Management, 2012

The paper introduces the concept of responsible supply chain based on two dimensions, the core pr... more The paper introduces the concept of responsible supply chain based on two dimensions, the core processes of a supply chain and the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR). It is suggested that a responsible supply chain is achieved through manifested core values of the supply chain actors, strategies, and tactics. The paper further discusses the individual supply chain actors' responsibility in securing a responsible supply chain beyond the actors' direct control. A conceptual model and a definition of a responsible supply chain are offered. Our model not only provides structure to the extant research but also develops new constructs and relationships that improve the conceptualization of the responsible supply chain. The paper is based on a review of 81 research articles published between 2000 and 2010 in which elements of CSR and supply chain processes are included.

Industrial Marketing Management, 2003

This article focuses on how the phenomenon of conflict between buyer-seller in complex projects c... more This article focuses on how the phenomenon of conflict between buyer-seller in complex projects can be approached from a theoretical and a methodological angle. Two paradigms for approaching conflict are discussed: Conflict as a problem to be removed and conflict as a resource and tool for improvement. Constructs to be used include friction events that indicate traces of conflict. In understanding conflict it is argued that the events should be related to two fundamental different governance mechanisms in order to understand the importance of formal governance such as the formal contract or network governance implying social interaction. claims that the core issue of conflict is the situation of which A fully understands what is expected from him, but rejects the line of conduct that B requires. Furthermore A is prepared to pursue both his own goals and the line of action by which he proposes to achieve them. A shorter definition is suggested by Deutsch (1973 p.10): "A conflict exists whenever incompatible activities occur".

Corporate social responsibility: investigating theory and research in the marketing context

European Journal of Marketing, 2008

... Carroll, AB (2000), "The four faces of corporate citizenship&amp... more ... Carroll, AB (2000), "The four faces of corporate citizenship", in Richardson, JE (Eds),Business Ethics 00/01, Dushkin/McGraw-Hill, Guilford, pp.187-91. ...

… presented on 18th IMP-Conference in …, 2002

The objective of this conceptual paper is to identify the communication strategies that are avail... more The objective of this conceptual paper is to identify the communication strategies that are available to companies when dissolving cross-cultural buyer-seller relationships in order to achieve effective dissolution outcomes. After the Introduction we ...

Managing corporate social responsibility: lessons from the oil industry

Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 2008

ABSTRACT Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to improve the understanding of the manner in whi... more ABSTRACT Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to improve the understanding of the manner in which companies deal with key stakeholders in relation to corporate social responsibility (CSR), focusing in particular on how companies can handle critical incidents related to CSR and utilize these experiences in enforcing their regular social responsibility. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on a case study methodology. Findings – CSR should be managed by a combination of handling unexpected episodes that threaten existing social responsibility (incident recovery) and the long-term reduction of gaps between stakeholder expectations and the company performance (CSR enforcement). Furthermore, CSR implies building and maintaining relationships with society through interplay between actors, resources and activities. Practical implications – The study contributes to managerial decision making by identifying seven types of implications and activities necessary to actively manage key aspects of social responsibility. Originality/value – The paper integrates long-term social responsibility enforcement with short-term social responsibility recovery by means of a recent corporate case from the oil industry.

Abstract The aim of the paper is to construct a process model for business relationship restorati... more Abstract The aim of the paper is to construct a process model for business relationship restoration. We suggest a three-phase model in which the first phase includes an identification of the factors that attenuate relationship ending. The second phase stresses the importance of the attenuating factors present in a relationship.

Business relationships facing the end: why restore them?