Hammam Thabit - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Hammam Thabit

Chemical Engineering Research and Design

Journal of physics, Dec 1, 2022

The dosimetric properties of synthetic ZnO/Ag/ZnO multilayer film are investigated. The proposed ... more The dosimetric properties of synthetic ZnO/Ag/ZnO multilayer film are investigated. The proposed dosimeter was prepared by radio frequency and direct current RF/DC sputtering and irradiated with X-ray doses up to 4 Gy. The properties of thermoluminescence (TL) such as glow curve, dose-response, homogeneity batches, sensitivity, minimum detectable dose (MMD), precision, kinetic parameters (activation energy E, frequency factor S), and percentage depth dose (PDD) were studied. The thin film appeared to have an excellent linear response, and the sensitivity was almost twice the commercial TLD. The readout of the homogeneity and PDD are the same properties of TLD-100. These desirable qualities demonstrated the versatility of this novel synthetic thin film in applications involving radiation detection.

Journal of Luminescence, Aug 1, 2021

Abstract This study demonstrated a novel dosimeter ZnO/Ag/ZnO) multilayer thin films that were fa... more Abstract This study demonstrated a novel dosimeter ZnO/Ag/ZnO) multilayer thin films that were fabricated via radiofrequency and direct current RF/DC sputtering at room temperature. The sequence of ZnO(200 nm) Ag(x nm) ZnO(50 nm) was selected with Ag layer of varying thickness (x = 5, 10, 14, 20, 30, and 40 nm). The dosimetric properties were investigated where samples were irradiated with X-ray doses in the range of 0.01–4 Gy. The optimum TL intensity found at ZnO(200 nm), Ag(10 nm) ZnO(50 nm). The glow curve revealed a single peak, the dosimetric peak consistent to 230 °C. In contrast, the best heating rate and annealing temperature and time recorded 3°C/s, 200°C, and 30 minutes respectively. The dose-response demonstrated good linearity within the dose range of 0.01–4 Gy. The other properties have been studied, such as reused, thermal fading, and optical fading; the results in this study revealed that the new host dosimeter exhibits a suitable TL property for radiation detection. The Photoluminescence PL study depicted two sharp peaks of ZnO/Ag/ZnO multilayer thin films at both visible regions at 740 -810 nm and UV region of 380 nm (band-edge), corresponding to exciton emission. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), and Ultra-Violet Visible (UV-Vis) were utilized to study crystalline structure, morphology, and element composites and optical properties respectively.

Nuclear Engineering and Technology

Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms, Dec 1, 2018

This article demonstrates the effect of X-ray on structure, morphology and optical properties of ... more This article demonstrates the effect of X-ray on structure, morphology and optical properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) nano powder. The characteristics were investigated using XRD, FE-SEM, EDX and UV-vis spectroscopy. In this study, X-ray with doses equivalent to 10 (S2) and 20 Gy (S3) Gy were used to irradiate ZnO. The XRD analysis shows that the average crystallite size for non-irradiated ZnO (S1) is 49.39 nm. The crystallite size was reduced to 45.69 when irradiated at 10 Gy dose (S2) and further reduced to 45.18 nm when irradiated at 20 Gy dose. The FE-SEM analysis shows that the average maximum grain size of the nonirradiated ZnO sample (S1) is 151 nm. The average grain size was found reduced to 138 nm when irradiated at 10 Gy dose (S2) and further reduced to 115 nm when irradiated at dose equivalent to 20 Gy (S3). The FE-SEM analysis showed that the non-irradiated ZnO displayed hexagonal shape with sharp edges. On FE-SEM images, the ZnO displayed sharp edges with hexagonal shape. After irradiation, the FE-SEM images showed that the shape to be less sharp (blunt) but the hexagonal characteristic was maintained for both S2 and S3. The elemental composition of the ZnO via EDX analysis showed no effect and changes on X-ray irradiation. The UV-visible analysis showed that the energy band gap, Eg increased from 3.11 before irradiation (S1) to 3.18 (S2) and 3.197 eV (S3) after irradiation by 10 Gy and 20 Gy respectively. In summary, this study shows that X-ray irradiation has significantly affect the structure, morphology and optical properties of the ZnO nano powder.

Physica Scripta, May 10, 2023

In the up-conversion nonlinear optical process, the absorption of lower energy photons causes the... more In the up-conversion nonlinear optical process, the absorption of lower energy photons causes the emission of photons at higher energy due to various mechanisms like sequential optical excitation, energy transfer, and nonlinear light-matter interaction processes. Improving the up- and down-conversion luminescence of different lanthanide-doped glasses via metallic nanoparticle embedment remains challenging. There has been no clear understanding of how copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONps) affect the spectroscopic properties of Dysprosium-Samarium ions (Dy3+-Sm3+)-co-doped glasses. Thus, new CuONps-infused strontium-telluro-aluminum-magnesium-borate glass samples were prepared using the standard melt-quenching technique with Dy3+-Sm3+ co-doping. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the samples' glassy nature. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) provided the orientation and size distribution of the embedded nanoparticles in the glass hosts. The downconversion luminescence emission (at 350 nm excitation) corresponds to 4F9/2 → 6H15/2, 4F9/2 → 6H13/2, and 4F9/2 → 6H11/2 transitions in Dy3+. Judd-Ofelt calculations for the CuONps embedded sample showed significant radiative properties. A branching ratio of 79.6% was attained. The upconversion luminescence emission (at 896 nm excitation) bands corresponded to 4F9/2 → 6H15/2 and 4F9/2 → 6H13/2 transitions for the Dy3+-doped glasses. In addition, an intense peak due to the 4G5/2 → 6H7/2 transition in Sm3+ was observed in the co-doped glasses. It was determined that the increased up-conversion luminescence was related to localized surface plasmon resonance, energy transfer, and local field enhancements caused by CuONps inclusion. It was confirmed that excited state absorption and energy transfer mechanisms were involved in the up-conversion luminescence. Synthesized glasses may be helpful for upconversion displays, optical data storage, and solid-state lasers.

Nuclear Engineering and Technology, May 1, 2023

Journal of Non-crystalline Solids, May 1, 2023

Ceramics International, Feb 1, 2021

Abstract In this study, ZnO99.5-x/Ag0.5/Yx (where 0≤ x ≤ 10) nanopowders were synthesized by usin... more Abstract In this study, ZnO99.5-x/Ag0.5/Yx (where 0≤ x ≤ 10) nanopowders were synthesized by using the hydrothermal method. The structural, optical and thermoluminescence properties of the prepared nanopowders were experimentally examined. Moreover, the effect of yttrium (Y) dopant ratio on the studied properties was discussed in details. The structural, morphological, optical properties of the prepared TL material were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), and ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) respectively. The pellets of the nanopowders were exposed to X-ray doses of up to 4 Gy to investigate their thermoluminescence response, sensitivity and reproducibility. The glow curve for the ZnO/Ag/Y sample was observed at yttrium dopant ratio of 7% mol and the main peak corresponding to 165 °C. The heating rate of 7 °C/s was found to be consistent with the highest TL intensity at a low standard deviation. The best TL response with minimum standard deviation was observed at 300 °C. The optimum annealing time corresponding to the highest TL response was 30 min. The study demonstrated a linear dose response with a strong correlation coefficient equal to 0.999. The sensitivity of the co-doped ZnO/Ag/Y nanopowders (pellets) was found to be 0.28, which is lower than that of TLD-100 chips by 3.5 times. The results demonstrated the suitability of the novel synthesized TL material for electronic and dosimetry applications.

ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology

Several radiation shielding parameters for (75-x) B2O3−10TeO2−13SrCO3 −2ZnO-xPbO glasses were eva... more Several radiation shielding parameters for (75-x) B2O3−10TeO2−13SrCO3 −2ZnO-xPbO glasses were evaluated between 0.284 and 1.333 MeV. The PbO content in the glass has a positive relationship with the density of the glasses, leading to BTSZP0, the glass with no PbO, having the smallest density, while BTSZP5, which has 40 PbO mol%, has the greatest density. Radiation shielding parameters such as mass attenuation coefficients (MAC) and other related factors were computed, and relationships between PbO content, energy, and density are graphed. Linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) is reported and we evaluated the impact of density on the LAC values. By adding more PbO atoms, the density of the samples increased, leading to a higher LAC. The BTSZP0 sample has the highest HVL at all tested energies, with the BTSZP5 sample having the lowest HVL. Mean free path (MFP) has an inverse relationship with the density of each sample but increases with greater incoming photon energy. The effective at...

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

Inorganic Chemistry Communications

Physica Scripta

Journal of Materials Research and Technology