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L'invention concerne des procedes de fabrication de structures de nanoparticules a partir de ... more L'invention concerne des procedes de fabrication de structures de nanoparticules a partir de surfaces sur lesquelles les nanoparticules peuvent s'agreger pour former des structures de nanoparticules. Les surfaces adaptees sont des interfaces gaz-liquide (bulles), des billes, des plastiques, des verres, des emulsions huile-eau et des pellicules. Les structures de nanoparticules ainsi obtenues ont un signal Raman, un pouvoir d'absorption du rayonnement et un pouvoir d'emission ameliores.
L'invention concerne des dispositifs et des procedes permettant d'ameliorer la sensibilit... more L'invention concerne des dispositifs et des procedes permettant d'ameliorer la sensibilite de detection d'analysats, lesquels sont places a proximite de structures d'optimisation sur un substrat. Ces structures comprennent des agregats de particules de dimension fractale, a base de metaux du type or ou argent. On peut concentrer les analysats a proximite des structures en question par le biais de procedes visant a induire la concentration-centrifugation ainsi que l'electroconcentration, et/ou par le biais de procedes reposant sur l'affinite (par exemple, interaction hydrophobe (non polaire) et interaction hydrophile (polaire)). A partir du choix approprie de substrat, de solvant et d'analysat, les dispositifs et les procedes decrits permettent d'ameliorer la sensibilite de detection et d'analyse quantitative d'analysats en spectroscopie electromagnetique, y compris la spectroscopie Raman.
Nutrition Reviews, 2003
Ketones were rst discovered in the urine of diabetic patients in the mid-19th century; for almost... more Ketones were rst discovered in the urine of diabetic patients in the mid-19th century; for almost 50 years thereafter, they were thought to be abnormal and undesirable by-products of incomplete fat oxidation. In the early 20th century, however, they were recognized as normal circulating metabolites produced by liver and readily utilized by extrahepatic tissues. In the 1920s, a drastic "hyperketogenic" diet was found remarkably effective for treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy in children. In 1967, circulating ketones were discovered to replace glucose as the brain's major fuel during the marked hyperketonemia of prolonged fasting. Until then, the adult human brain was thought to be entirely dependent upon glucose. During the 1990s, dietinduced hyperketonemia was found therapeutically effective for treatment of several rare genetic disorders involving impaired neuronal utilization of glucose or its metabolic products. Finally, growing evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced bioenergetic ef ciency occur in brains of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Because ketones are efciently used by mitochondria for ATP generation and may also help protect vulnerable neurons from free radical damage, hyperketogenic diets should be evaluated for ability to bene t patients with PD, AD, and certain other neurodegenerative disorders.
L'invention concerne des procedes de fabrication de structures de nanoparticules a partir de ... more L'invention concerne des procedes de fabrication de structures de nanoparticules a partir de surfaces sur lesquelles les nanoparticules peuvent s'agreger pour former des structures de nanoparticules. Les surfaces adaptees sont des interfaces gaz-liquide (bulles), des billes, des plastiques, des verres, des emulsions huile-eau et des pellicules. Les structures de nanoparticules ainsi obtenues ont un signal Raman, un pouvoir d'absorption du rayonnement et un pouvoir d'emission ameliores.
L'invention concerne des dispositifs et des procedes permettant d'ameliorer la sensibilit... more L'invention concerne des dispositifs et des procedes permettant d'ameliorer la sensibilite de detection d'analysats, lesquels sont places a proximite de structures d'optimisation sur un substrat. Ces structures comprennent des agregats de particules de dimension fractale, a base de metaux du type or ou argent. On peut concentrer les analysats a proximite des structures en question par le biais de procedes visant a induire la concentration-centrifugation ainsi que l'electroconcentration, et/ou par le biais de procedes reposant sur l'affinite (par exemple, interaction hydrophobe (non polaire) et interaction hydrophile (polaire)). A partir du choix approprie de substrat, de solvant et d'analysat, les dispositifs et les procedes decrits permettent d'ameliorer la sensibilite de detection et d'analyse quantitative d'analysats en spectroscopie electromagnetique, y compris la spectroscopie Raman.
Nutrition Reviews, 2003
Ketones were rst discovered in the urine of diabetic patients in the mid-19th century; for almost... more Ketones were rst discovered in the urine of diabetic patients in the mid-19th century; for almost 50 years thereafter, they were thought to be abnormal and undesirable by-products of incomplete fat oxidation. In the early 20th century, however, they were recognized as normal circulating metabolites produced by liver and readily utilized by extrahepatic tissues. In the 1920s, a drastic "hyperketogenic" diet was found remarkably effective for treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy in children. In 1967, circulating ketones were discovered to replace glucose as the brain's major fuel during the marked hyperketonemia of prolonged fasting. Until then, the adult human brain was thought to be entirely dependent upon glucose. During the 1990s, dietinduced hyperketonemia was found therapeutically effective for treatment of several rare genetic disorders involving impaired neuronal utilization of glucose or its metabolic products. Finally, growing evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced bioenergetic ef ciency occur in brains of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Because ketones are efciently used by mitochondria for ATP generation and may also help protect vulnerable neurons from free radical damage, hyperketogenic diets should be evaluated for ability to bene t patients with PD, AD, and certain other neurodegenerative disorders.