Thomas Wilson - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Thomas Wilson

Research paper thumbnail of A questionnaire assessment of physical function in hyperlipidemic patients

Clinical & Investigative Medicine, 2010

Background: A spectrum of myopathic manifestations has been recognized as associated with lipid l... more Background: A spectrum of myopathic manifestations has been recognized as associated with lipid lowering drug therapy (LLT), but their effect on quality of life and physical functioning is uncertain. We conducted a prospective cohort study in which physical functioning was the dependent variable, in patients with and without exposure to LLT. Methods: Consecutive patients attending a risk reduction clinic were invited to participate in a questionnaire study which included demographic data, muscular symptoms, the SF-36 Physical Function Score (PF), and the modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (mHAQ). Laboratory and co-morbidity data was recorded. Results: Of 117 consecutive patients invited to participate, 112 consented. Of these, 81 were receiving statins and/or fibrates as LLT and 31 were participating in a non-pharmacologic therapeutic program (NPT) of diet and exercise therapy. The mean age for the total population was 56.7 years (20-78): the LLT group 58.6 and NPT group 51.9 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Inability to upregulate cytochrome P450 4A and 2C causes salt sensitivity in young Sprague-Dawley rats

American journal of hypertension, 2006

Young Sprague-Dawley rats develop high blood pressure (BP) when exposed to a high salt intake, wh... more Young Sprague-Dawley rats develop high blood pressure (BP) when exposed to a high salt intake, whereas adult ones generally do not. We investigated the role of renal cytochromes P450 4A (CYP 4A) and 2C (CYP 2C) in maintaining normal BP. Young (age 5 weeks) and adult (age 53 weeks) Sprague-Dawley rats were given either 20 mmol sodium carbonate (vehicle for clofibrate) or 0.9% saline to drink for 3 weeks. Some young animals received the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)alpha agonist clofibrate (80 mg daily). We measured tail-cuff and intra-arterial BP, weight change, sodium balance, 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) excretion (by high-performance liquid chromatography), and renal expression of CYP 4A and CYP 2C (by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction). Saline-treated adult animals remained normotensive: systolic BP (SBP) 117 +/- 2 mm Hg v 117 +/- 1 mm Hg in control animals. In contrast, young rats given saline developed increased SBP: 134 ...

Research paper thumbnail of The 2012 Canadian Hypertension Education Program Recommendations for the Management of Hypertension: Blood Pressure Measurement, Diagnosis, Assessment of Risk, and Therapy

Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 2012

See page 285 for disclosure information. A version of the hypertension recommendations designed f... more See page 285 for disclosure information. A version of the hypertension recommendations designed for patient and public education has been developed to assist health care practitioners managing hypertension. The summary is available electronically (go to http://www.hypertension.ca or http://www.heartandstroke.ca).

Research paper thumbnail of The 2006 Canadian Hypertension Education Program recommendations for the management of hypertension: Part II – Therapy

Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 2006

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of two oscillometric blood pressure monitors in subjects with atrial fibrillation

Clinical & Investigative Medicine, 2010

Objective: To compare blood pressure readings obtained with two commonly used oscillometric monit... more Objective: To compare blood pressure readings obtained with two commonly used oscillometric monitors: Omron HEM 711 AC (OM) and Welch-Allyn 52000 series NIBP/oximeter (WA) with mercury sphygmomanometers (Merc) in subjects with atrial fibrillation. Methods: We recruited 51 hemodynamically stable subjects with atrial fibrillation. Fifty four subjects in normal sinus rhythm served as controls. Supine blood pressure readings in each arm were recorded simultaneously using one monitor and Merc. The second monitor then replaced the first and readings were repeated. Merc was then switched to the opposite arm, and both monitors retested. Apical heart rates were ascertained with a stethoscope. We used the averaged, same arm Merc readings as “gold standard”. Results: Automated blood pressure readings were obtained in all control subjects and in all but three of those with atrial fibrillation. Both monitors, and operators, noted a difference between apical and radial/brachial pulse rates: apica...

Research paper thumbnail of The antihypertensive efficacy of losartan and amlodipine assessed with office and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Canadian Cozaar Hyzaar Amlodipine Trial Study Group

CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, Jan 8, 1998

Losartan potassium is a recently marketed angiotensin II receptor antagonist. Previous studies ha... more Losartan potassium is a recently marketed angiotensin II receptor antagonist. Previous studies have suggested that its full antihypertensive efficacy may be delayed for up to 12 weeks. The authors compared the antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability of losartan at 6 and 12 weeks with those of amlodipine besylate, a commonly used calcium antagonist. This multicentre, randomized, double-blind clinical trial studied 302 patients with mild or moderate hypertension in 1995. Of the 302, 97 also underwent ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). After a 4-week placebo run-in period, the patients were randomly assigned to group A, B or C for 12 weeks. Those in groups A and B began treatment with losartan at 50mg/d, and those in group C began with amlodipine at 5 mg/d. If the blood pressure remained uncontrolled after 6 weeks, subjects in group A had their losartan dose doubled (to 100 mg/d), those in group B were given hydrochlorothiazide (12.5 mg/d) in addition to the losartan, whic...

Research paper thumbnail of Insulin and vanadate restore decreased plasma endothelin concentrations and exaggerated vascular responses to normal in the streptozotocin diabetic rat

Diabetologia, 1998

Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus is associated with metabolic and cardiovascular abno... more Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus is associated with metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities as exemplified by the streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rat. Along with profound hyperglycaemia and reduced plasma insulin concentrations, STZ rats shaw altered responses to vasoconstrictor stimuli, and over time, develop complications characteristic of Type I diabetes [1]. Endothelin has been implicated in various disorders such as renal disease, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus and hypertension [2±6]. The STZ diabetic rat has been shown to exhibit either attenuated or enhanced vascular responses to various agonists, including endothelin (ET) [7±17]. In addition, some studies have shown plasma ET concentrations to be increased in both STZ rats and in patients with Type I diabetes [4, 15, 17±19] and other studies demonstrated decreased or unchanged plasma ET concentrations in diabetic models compared with non-diabetic control subjects [20±22]. The rea

Research paper thumbnail of Some pharmacological properties of althesin (CT1341) in man

Canadian Anaesthetists’ Society Journal, 1975

Research paper thumbnail of The 2011 Canadian Hypertension Education Program Recommendations for the Management of Hypertension: Blood Pressure Measurement, Diagnosis, Assessment of Risk, and Therapy

Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 2011

See page 432 for disclosure information. A version of the hypertension recommendations designed f... more See page 432 for disclosure information. A version of the hypertension recommendations designed for patient and public education has been developed to assist health care practitioners managing hypertension. The summary is available electronically (go to http:// www.hypertension.ca or http://www.heartandstroke.ca).

Research paper thumbnail of The 2008 Canadian Hypertension Education Program recommendations for the management of hypertension: Part 2 – therapy

Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 2008

is available electronically at <www.hypertension.ca> and <www.heartandstroke.ca>. A Web site to p... more is available electronically at <www.hypertension.ca> and <www.heartandstroke.ca>. A Web site to promote proper home blood pressure measurement and monitoring, as well as lifestyle self-management and monitoring, has been developed at <www.heartandstroke.ca/bp>

Research paper thumbnail of Chronic clofibrate administration prevents saline-induced endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in young Sprague-Dawley rats

Clinical and investigative medicine. Médecine clinique et experimentale, 2008

High salt intake causes hypertension and endothelial dysfunction in young Sprague-Dawley rats. Cl... more High salt intake causes hypertension and endothelial dysfunction in young Sprague-Dawley rats. Clofibrate (clof) prevents this salt induced hypertension. We asked whether clof can prevent salt-induced endothelial dysfunction, and if so, its mechanism. We also questioned whether high salt intake can induce endothelial dysfunction without hypertension in older animals. Young (Y, 5 weeks) and old (O, 53 weeks) male Sprague-Dawley rats were given either vehicle (Con, 20 mM Na2CO3) or 0.9% NaCl (Sal) to drink for three weeks. Some young rats received clof (80 mg/d) in their drinking fluid. After three weeks, we measured mean arterial pressure (MAP), endothelial function, by comparing hypotensive responses to acetylcholine (ACh, endothelium dependent) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP, endothelium independent), plasma total nitrite+nitrate levels (PNOx), by the Griess reaction, and aortic superoxide production by lucigenin chemiluminescence. Carotid artery MAP did not change in O. Sal-Y devel...

Research paper thumbnail of The 2008 Canadian Hypertension Education Program recommendations for the management of hypertension: Part 2 – therapy

Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of A questionnaire assessment of physical function in hyperlipidemic patients

Clinical & Investigative Medicine, 2010

Background: A spectrum of myopathic manifestations has been recognized as associated with lipid l... more Background: A spectrum of myopathic manifestations has been recognized as associated with lipid lowering drug therapy (LLT), but their effect on quality of life and physical functioning is uncertain. We conducted a prospective cohort study in which physical functioning was the dependent variable, in patients with and without exposure to LLT. Methods: Consecutive patients attending a risk reduction clinic were invited to participate in a questionnaire study which included demographic data, muscular symptoms, the SF-36 Physical Function Score (PF), and the modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (mHAQ). Laboratory and co-morbidity data was recorded. Results: Of 117 consecutive patients invited to participate, 112 consented. Of these, 81 were receiving statins and/or fibrates as LLT and 31 were participating in a non-pharmacologic therapeutic program (NPT) of diet and exercise therapy. The mean age for the total population was 56.7 years (20-78): the LLT group 58.6 and NPT group 51.9 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Inability to upregulate cytochrome P450 4A and 2C causes salt sensitivity in young Sprague-Dawley rats

American journal of hypertension, 2006

Young Sprague-Dawley rats develop high blood pressure (BP) when exposed to a high salt intake, wh... more Young Sprague-Dawley rats develop high blood pressure (BP) when exposed to a high salt intake, whereas adult ones generally do not. We investigated the role of renal cytochromes P450 4A (CYP 4A) and 2C (CYP 2C) in maintaining normal BP. Young (age 5 weeks) and adult (age 53 weeks) Sprague-Dawley rats were given either 20 mmol sodium carbonate (vehicle for clofibrate) or 0.9% saline to drink for 3 weeks. Some young animals received the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)alpha agonist clofibrate (80 mg daily). We measured tail-cuff and intra-arterial BP, weight change, sodium balance, 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) excretion (by high-performance liquid chromatography), and renal expression of CYP 4A and CYP 2C (by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction). Saline-treated adult animals remained normotensive: systolic BP (SBP) 117 +/- 2 mm Hg v 117 +/- 1 mm Hg in control animals. In contrast, young rats given saline developed increased SBP: 134 ...

Research paper thumbnail of The 2012 Canadian Hypertension Education Program Recommendations for the Management of Hypertension: Blood Pressure Measurement, Diagnosis, Assessment of Risk, and Therapy

Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 2012

See page 285 for disclosure information. A version of the hypertension recommendations designed f... more See page 285 for disclosure information. A version of the hypertension recommendations designed for patient and public education has been developed to assist health care practitioners managing hypertension. The summary is available electronically (go to http://www.hypertension.ca or http://www.heartandstroke.ca).

Research paper thumbnail of The 2006 Canadian Hypertension Education Program recommendations for the management of hypertension: Part II – Therapy

Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 2006

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of two oscillometric blood pressure monitors in subjects with atrial fibrillation

Clinical & Investigative Medicine, 2010

Objective: To compare blood pressure readings obtained with two commonly used oscillometric monit... more Objective: To compare blood pressure readings obtained with two commonly used oscillometric monitors: Omron HEM 711 AC (OM) and Welch-Allyn 52000 series NIBP/oximeter (WA) with mercury sphygmomanometers (Merc) in subjects with atrial fibrillation. Methods: We recruited 51 hemodynamically stable subjects with atrial fibrillation. Fifty four subjects in normal sinus rhythm served as controls. Supine blood pressure readings in each arm were recorded simultaneously using one monitor and Merc. The second monitor then replaced the first and readings were repeated. Merc was then switched to the opposite arm, and both monitors retested. Apical heart rates were ascertained with a stethoscope. We used the averaged, same arm Merc readings as “gold standard”. Results: Automated blood pressure readings were obtained in all control subjects and in all but three of those with atrial fibrillation. Both monitors, and operators, noted a difference between apical and radial/brachial pulse rates: apica...

Research paper thumbnail of The antihypertensive efficacy of losartan and amlodipine assessed with office and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Canadian Cozaar Hyzaar Amlodipine Trial Study Group

CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, Jan 8, 1998

Losartan potassium is a recently marketed angiotensin II receptor antagonist. Previous studies ha... more Losartan potassium is a recently marketed angiotensin II receptor antagonist. Previous studies have suggested that its full antihypertensive efficacy may be delayed for up to 12 weeks. The authors compared the antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability of losartan at 6 and 12 weeks with those of amlodipine besylate, a commonly used calcium antagonist. This multicentre, randomized, double-blind clinical trial studied 302 patients with mild or moderate hypertension in 1995. Of the 302, 97 also underwent ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). After a 4-week placebo run-in period, the patients were randomly assigned to group A, B or C for 12 weeks. Those in groups A and B began treatment with losartan at 50mg/d, and those in group C began with amlodipine at 5 mg/d. If the blood pressure remained uncontrolled after 6 weeks, subjects in group A had their losartan dose doubled (to 100 mg/d), those in group B were given hydrochlorothiazide (12.5 mg/d) in addition to the losartan, whic...

Research paper thumbnail of Insulin and vanadate restore decreased plasma endothelin concentrations and exaggerated vascular responses to normal in the streptozotocin diabetic rat

Diabetologia, 1998

Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus is associated with metabolic and cardiovascular abno... more Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus is associated with metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities as exemplified by the streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rat. Along with profound hyperglycaemia and reduced plasma insulin concentrations, STZ rats shaw altered responses to vasoconstrictor stimuli, and over time, develop complications characteristic of Type I diabetes [1]. Endothelin has been implicated in various disorders such as renal disease, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus and hypertension [2±6]. The STZ diabetic rat has been shown to exhibit either attenuated or enhanced vascular responses to various agonists, including endothelin (ET) [7±17]. In addition, some studies have shown plasma ET concentrations to be increased in both STZ rats and in patients with Type I diabetes [4, 15, 17±19] and other studies demonstrated decreased or unchanged plasma ET concentrations in diabetic models compared with non-diabetic control subjects [20±22]. The rea

Research paper thumbnail of Some pharmacological properties of althesin (CT1341) in man

Canadian Anaesthetists’ Society Journal, 1975

Research paper thumbnail of The 2011 Canadian Hypertension Education Program Recommendations for the Management of Hypertension: Blood Pressure Measurement, Diagnosis, Assessment of Risk, and Therapy

Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 2011

See page 432 for disclosure information. A version of the hypertension recommendations designed f... more See page 432 for disclosure information. A version of the hypertension recommendations designed for patient and public education has been developed to assist health care practitioners managing hypertension. The summary is available electronically (go to http:// www.hypertension.ca or http://www.heartandstroke.ca).

Research paper thumbnail of The 2008 Canadian Hypertension Education Program recommendations for the management of hypertension: Part 2 – therapy

Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 2008

is available electronically at <www.hypertension.ca> and <www.heartandstroke.ca>. A Web site to p... more is available electronically at <www.hypertension.ca> and <www.heartandstroke.ca>. A Web site to promote proper home blood pressure measurement and monitoring, as well as lifestyle self-management and monitoring, has been developed at <www.heartandstroke.ca/bp>

Research paper thumbnail of Chronic clofibrate administration prevents saline-induced endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in young Sprague-Dawley rats

Clinical and investigative medicine. Médecine clinique et experimentale, 2008

High salt intake causes hypertension and endothelial dysfunction in young Sprague-Dawley rats. Cl... more High salt intake causes hypertension and endothelial dysfunction in young Sprague-Dawley rats. Clofibrate (clof) prevents this salt induced hypertension. We asked whether clof can prevent salt-induced endothelial dysfunction, and if so, its mechanism. We also questioned whether high salt intake can induce endothelial dysfunction without hypertension in older animals. Young (Y, 5 weeks) and old (O, 53 weeks) male Sprague-Dawley rats were given either vehicle (Con, 20 mM Na2CO3) or 0.9% NaCl (Sal) to drink for three weeks. Some young rats received clof (80 mg/d) in their drinking fluid. After three weeks, we measured mean arterial pressure (MAP), endothelial function, by comparing hypotensive responses to acetylcholine (ACh, endothelium dependent) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP, endothelium independent), plasma total nitrite+nitrate levels (PNOx), by the Griess reaction, and aortic superoxide production by lucigenin chemiluminescence. Carotid artery MAP did not change in O. Sal-Y devel...

Research paper thumbnail of The 2008 Canadian Hypertension Education Program recommendations for the management of hypertension: Part 2 – therapy

Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 2008