Tina Khanna - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Tina Khanna
Global Public Health, Nov 25, 2016
In 2009, the Royal Norwegian Embassy, India signed an agreement with Unifem, now UN Women, South ... more In 2009, the Royal Norwegian Embassy, India signed an agreement with Unifem, now UN Women, South Asia Regional Office to initiate a three-year programme entitled 'Promoting Women's Political Leadership and Governance in India and South Asia'. The programme aims to empower elected women representatives in local governance to make public policy and resource allocation patterns responsive to women's human rights. The programme covers 5 countries of South Asia (Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, and Pakistan). In India, the programme is co-owned by the Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India. The Programme has been designed with the spirit to capture the specific issues and challenges with regard to women's political empowerment that each country experiences. This is a demand driven programme that seeks to understand and address issues of women's participation in local governance from the grassroots perspective. Generation of a body of knowledge on women&#...
Response rates for end users, although typical for online surveys without extensive follow up, ar... more Response rates for end users, although typical for online surveys without extensive follow up, are sufficiently low (between 16 and 37 percent) that respondents likely are biased towards those more satisfied with GDN's activities.
Child marriage is a serious human rights crisis and one of the most pressing development concerns... more Child marriage is a serious human rights crisis and one of the most pressing development concerns in the world today. Defined as marriage under the age of 18 child marriage disproportionately and negatively affects girls who are more likely to be married as children than boys. Currently over 60 million girls and women are affected by child marriage globally. Child marriage is particularly pervasive across South Asia and Africa where 50-70 percent of girls in some countries are married before the age of 18. This technical note highlights the prevalence of child marriage in South Asia and its adverse social health and developmental impacts on girls’ lives. It reviews legislative and other responses in the form of government policies and frameworks as well as programs adopted by different South Asian countries to address child marriage. Additionally it offers a way forward for both policy makers and development practitioners in terms of policy and program recommendations to eliminate c...
Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research, 2017
Background: Globally, Young key populations (age 10-24) (YKPs) are more at risk to HIV infection ... more Background: Globally, Young key populations (age 10-24) (YKPs) are more at risk to HIV infection and are disproportionately infected by HIV. There is a pressing need for evidence on how best to implement effective interventions for young key populations. Objective: The overall aim was to conduct a systematic review of interventions to summarize the data on effectiveness of interventions in low and middle income countries among young key populations. Method: We conducted a review of the evidence on interventions designed to increase adolescents and young people's access to services for reducing their HIV risk. We focused specifically on the young key populations from low to middle income countries. We searched PubMed, Medline and Cochrane databases using MesH terms to identify peer-reviewed articles. We included studies with designs such as randomized control trails (RCT), clustered randomized trails, quasi experimental, prospective observational and studies that measured outcomes pre and post an intervention. We identified a total of 10 studies that were included in the review based on certain inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Among the interventions designed for young people, community based interventions driven by peer led approach and mobile based interventions were effective in engaging with these hard to reach populations. Structural interventions focusing on stigma and psychosocial component can positively impact important HIV-related outcomes. HIV screening needs to be integrated in programs and policy with intimate partner violence. The evidence on PreP is mixed and needs more systematic investigation. Conclusion: Combinations of prevention packages that include behavioural, structural and biological interventions are needed for young key populations to prevent new HIV infections. These interventions with proven effectiveness should be included in all HIV prevention programming for young people.
Education Research International, 2018
Neighbourhoods and families are key social institutions instilled with development of early life ... more Neighbourhoods and families are key social institutions instilled with development of early life course of adolescents. Limited research in India has examined exposure to community along with socioeconomic conditions for school-dropouts of girls. Multidimensional benefits of female education are increasingly recognized in recent years; hence, it becomes imperative to study the community components of school discontinuation particularly in rural area. This study aims to analyse effect of mother’s education, community poverty, and gender equitable attitudes associated with a girl’s school dropout. This study uses baseline survey data from an intervention program from poor-performing districts of India. Collinearity among individual predictors validated by variance inflation factor proceeded step-wise binary-logistic regression. Result suggests that communities with high concentrations of poverty and mother illiteracy are disadvantages with low gender perception and high levels of drop...
Reproductive health, Jan 13, 2018
Social inequities in early child bearing persist among young married people, especially among tri... more Social inequities in early child bearing persist among young married people, especially among tribal populations in India. Rural women belonging to tribal groups and those coming from poor households are more likely to give birth before age 18. This paper explores the connection between ethnicity, gender and early fertility intention among young married people in rural India. The data is drawn from a cross sectional baseline evaluation of an intervention programme in rural India. A sample of 273 married young people was taken. Respondents were selected using systematic random sampling. Logistic Regression was used to assess the effect of being a tribal on early fertility intention and also to determine if covariates associated with early fertility intention differed by tribal status. Qualitative data was analysed using deductive content analysis approach. Bivariate and logistic regression results indicated that young married people from tribal communities had higher odds of planning...
Global Public Health, 2015
Global Public Health, 2020
Common mental health disorders are studied extensively among adult women globally. However, they ... more Common mental health disorders are studied extensively among adult women globally. However, they remain under-researched among young women. This study aims to determine whether gender disadvantage factors are associated with psychological distress among young women in rural India, where the child sex ratio is lower than the national average. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in rural Pune, India. A total of 229 young married women who had a live birth in the last 12 months were screened for psychological distress. The predictors of psychological distress were estimated using multivariable logistic regression analyses. Psychological distress was found among 50 respondents (21.9%). Young women who were married before 18 years had 2.19 times higher odds of distress than women who were married after 18 years. Young women who gave birth to a female infant had 2.43 times higher odds of distress than those who gave birth to a male infant. Lack of partner support and experience of postnatal health complications were other predictors. Study findings ascertain the role of gender disadvantage factors in causing psychological distress. From a public health perspective, early identification and treatment of psychological distress, is imperative, along with addressing gender inequitable practices.
Global Public Health, Nov 25, 2016
In 2009, the Royal Norwegian Embassy, India signed an agreement with Unifem, now UN Women, South ... more In 2009, the Royal Norwegian Embassy, India signed an agreement with Unifem, now UN Women, South Asia Regional Office to initiate a three-year programme entitled 'Promoting Women's Political Leadership and Governance in India and South Asia'. The programme aims to empower elected women representatives in local governance to make public policy and resource allocation patterns responsive to women's human rights. The programme covers 5 countries of South Asia (Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, and Pakistan). In India, the programme is co-owned by the Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India. The Programme has been designed with the spirit to capture the specific issues and challenges with regard to women's political empowerment that each country experiences. This is a demand driven programme that seeks to understand and address issues of women's participation in local governance from the grassroots perspective. Generation of a body of knowledge on women&#...
Response rates for end users, although typical for online surveys without extensive follow up, ar... more Response rates for end users, although typical for online surveys without extensive follow up, are sufficiently low (between 16 and 37 percent) that respondents likely are biased towards those more satisfied with GDN's activities.
Child marriage is a serious human rights crisis and one of the most pressing development concerns... more Child marriage is a serious human rights crisis and one of the most pressing development concerns in the world today. Defined as marriage under the age of 18 child marriage disproportionately and negatively affects girls who are more likely to be married as children than boys. Currently over 60 million girls and women are affected by child marriage globally. Child marriage is particularly pervasive across South Asia and Africa where 50-70 percent of girls in some countries are married before the age of 18. This technical note highlights the prevalence of child marriage in South Asia and its adverse social health and developmental impacts on girls’ lives. It reviews legislative and other responses in the form of government policies and frameworks as well as programs adopted by different South Asian countries to address child marriage. Additionally it offers a way forward for both policy makers and development practitioners in terms of policy and program recommendations to eliminate c...
Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research, 2017
Background: Globally, Young key populations (age 10-24) (YKPs) are more at risk to HIV infection ... more Background: Globally, Young key populations (age 10-24) (YKPs) are more at risk to HIV infection and are disproportionately infected by HIV. There is a pressing need for evidence on how best to implement effective interventions for young key populations. Objective: The overall aim was to conduct a systematic review of interventions to summarize the data on effectiveness of interventions in low and middle income countries among young key populations. Method: We conducted a review of the evidence on interventions designed to increase adolescents and young people's access to services for reducing their HIV risk. We focused specifically on the young key populations from low to middle income countries. We searched PubMed, Medline and Cochrane databases using MesH terms to identify peer-reviewed articles. We included studies with designs such as randomized control trails (RCT), clustered randomized trails, quasi experimental, prospective observational and studies that measured outcomes pre and post an intervention. We identified a total of 10 studies that were included in the review based on certain inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Among the interventions designed for young people, community based interventions driven by peer led approach and mobile based interventions were effective in engaging with these hard to reach populations. Structural interventions focusing on stigma and psychosocial component can positively impact important HIV-related outcomes. HIV screening needs to be integrated in programs and policy with intimate partner violence. The evidence on PreP is mixed and needs more systematic investigation. Conclusion: Combinations of prevention packages that include behavioural, structural and biological interventions are needed for young key populations to prevent new HIV infections. These interventions with proven effectiveness should be included in all HIV prevention programming for young people.
Education Research International, 2018
Neighbourhoods and families are key social institutions instilled with development of early life ... more Neighbourhoods and families are key social institutions instilled with development of early life course of adolescents. Limited research in India has examined exposure to community along with socioeconomic conditions for school-dropouts of girls. Multidimensional benefits of female education are increasingly recognized in recent years; hence, it becomes imperative to study the community components of school discontinuation particularly in rural area. This study aims to analyse effect of mother’s education, community poverty, and gender equitable attitudes associated with a girl’s school dropout. This study uses baseline survey data from an intervention program from poor-performing districts of India. Collinearity among individual predictors validated by variance inflation factor proceeded step-wise binary-logistic regression. Result suggests that communities with high concentrations of poverty and mother illiteracy are disadvantages with low gender perception and high levels of drop...
Reproductive health, Jan 13, 2018
Social inequities in early child bearing persist among young married people, especially among tri... more Social inequities in early child bearing persist among young married people, especially among tribal populations in India. Rural women belonging to tribal groups and those coming from poor households are more likely to give birth before age 18. This paper explores the connection between ethnicity, gender and early fertility intention among young married people in rural India. The data is drawn from a cross sectional baseline evaluation of an intervention programme in rural India. A sample of 273 married young people was taken. Respondents were selected using systematic random sampling. Logistic Regression was used to assess the effect of being a tribal on early fertility intention and also to determine if covariates associated with early fertility intention differed by tribal status. Qualitative data was analysed using deductive content analysis approach. Bivariate and logistic regression results indicated that young married people from tribal communities had higher odds of planning...
Global Public Health, 2015
Global Public Health, 2020
Common mental health disorders are studied extensively among adult women globally. However, they ... more Common mental health disorders are studied extensively among adult women globally. However, they remain under-researched among young women. This study aims to determine whether gender disadvantage factors are associated with psychological distress among young women in rural India, where the child sex ratio is lower than the national average. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in rural Pune, India. A total of 229 young married women who had a live birth in the last 12 months were screened for psychological distress. The predictors of psychological distress were estimated using multivariable logistic regression analyses. Psychological distress was found among 50 respondents (21.9%). Young women who were married before 18 years had 2.19 times higher odds of distress than women who were married after 18 years. Young women who gave birth to a female infant had 2.43 times higher odds of distress than those who gave birth to a male infant. Lack of partner support and experience of postnatal health complications were other predictors. Study findings ascertain the role of gender disadvantage factors in causing psychological distress. From a public health perspective, early identification and treatment of psychological distress, is imperative, along with addressing gender inequitable practices.