Yip Fai Tse - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Yip Fai Tse

Research paper thumbnail of The Case for Animal-Friendly AI

arXiv (Cornell University), Mar 2, 2024

Artificial intelligence is seen as increasingly important, and potentially profoundly so, but the... more Artificial intelligence is seen as increasingly important, and potentially profoundly so, but the fields of AI ethics and AI engineering have not fully recognized that these technologies, including large language models (LLMs), will have massive impacts on animals. We argue that this impact matters, because animals matter morally. As a first experiment in evaluating animal consideration in LLMs, we constructed a proof-of-concept Evaluation System, which assesses LLM responses and biases from multiple perspectives. This system evaluates LLM outputs by two criteria: their truthfulness, and the degree of consideration they give to the interests of animals. We tested OpenAI ChatGPT 4 and Anthropic Claude 2.1 using a set of structured queries and predefined normative perspectives. Preliminary results suggest that the outcomes of the tested models can be benchmarked regarding the consideration they give to animals, and that generated positions and biases might be addressed and mitigated with more developed and validated systems. Our research contributes one possible approach to integrating animal ethics in AI, opening pathways for future studies and practical applications in various fields, including education, public policy, and regulation, that involve or relate to animals and society. Overall, this study serves as a step towards more useful and responsible AI systems that better recognize and respect the vital interests and perspectives of all sentient beings.

Research paper thumbnail of AI and Nonhuman Animals

AI and Nonhuman Animals

Chapman and Hall/CRC eBooks, Feb 15, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Introduction to Ethical Approaches in Data Science

Introduction to Ethical Approaches in Data Science

Real World AI Ethics for Data Scientists

Research paper thumbnail of Correction: AI ethics: the case for including animals

AI and Ethics

When this article was published, a few citations were written incorrectly which caused that the i... more When this article was published, a few citations were written incorrectly which caused that the index services were unable to identify these articles. Also persons that helped with the paper had been erroneously omitted in the acknowledgment section. The original article has been corrected.

Research paper thumbnail of Speciesist bias in AI: how AI applications perpetuate discrimination and unfair outcomes against animals

AI and Ethics

Massive efforts are made to reduce biases in both data and algorithms to render AI applications f... more Massive efforts are made to reduce biases in both data and algorithms to render AI applications fair. These efforts are propelled by various high-profile cases where biased algorithmic decision-making caused harm to women, people of color, minorities, etc. However, the AI fairness field still succumbs to a blind spot, namely its insensitivity to discrimination against animals. This paper is a critical comment on current fairness research in AI. It is the first to describe the ‘speciesist bias’ and investigate it in several different AI systems by reflecting on the problem via a normative analysis and by probing, in several case studies, image recognition, word embedding, and language models with established methods for bias detection. We claim that animals matter morally and that discriminating against them is unethical. Furthermore, we provide evidence for speciesist biases in all the mentioned areas of AI. We find that speciesist biases are solidified by many mainstream AI applica...

Research paper thumbnail of AI ethics: the case for including animals

AI and Ethics

The ethics of artificial intelligence, or AI ethics, is a rapidly growing field, and rightly so. ... more The ethics of artificial intelligence, or AI ethics, is a rapidly growing field, and rightly so. While the range of issues and groups of stakeholders concerned by the field of AI ethics is expanding, with speculation about whether it extends even to the machines themselves, there is a group of sentient beings who are also affected by AI, but are rarely mentioned within the field of AI ethics—the nonhuman animals. This paper seeks to explore the kinds of impact AI has on nonhuman animals, the severity of these impacts, and their moral implications. We hope that this paper will facilitate the development of a new field of philosophical and technical research regarding the impacts of AI on animals, namely, the ethics of AI as it affects nonhuman animals.

Research paper thumbnail of The Case for Animal-Friendly AI

arXiv (Cornell University), Mar 2, 2024

Artificial intelligence is seen as increasingly important, and potentially profoundly so, but the... more Artificial intelligence is seen as increasingly important, and potentially profoundly so, but the fields of AI ethics and AI engineering have not fully recognized that these technologies, including large language models (LLMs), will have massive impacts on animals. We argue that this impact matters, because animals matter morally. As a first experiment in evaluating animal consideration in LLMs, we constructed a proof-of-concept Evaluation System, which assesses LLM responses and biases from multiple perspectives. This system evaluates LLM outputs by two criteria: their truthfulness, and the degree of consideration they give to the interests of animals. We tested OpenAI ChatGPT 4 and Anthropic Claude 2.1 using a set of structured queries and predefined normative perspectives. Preliminary results suggest that the outcomes of the tested models can be benchmarked regarding the consideration they give to animals, and that generated positions and biases might be addressed and mitigated with more developed and validated systems. Our research contributes one possible approach to integrating animal ethics in AI, opening pathways for future studies and practical applications in various fields, including education, public policy, and regulation, that involve or relate to animals and society. Overall, this study serves as a step towards more useful and responsible AI systems that better recognize and respect the vital interests and perspectives of all sentient beings.

Research paper thumbnail of AI and Nonhuman Animals

AI and Nonhuman Animals

Chapman and Hall/CRC eBooks, Feb 15, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Introduction to Ethical Approaches in Data Science

Introduction to Ethical Approaches in Data Science

Real World AI Ethics for Data Scientists

Research paper thumbnail of Correction: AI ethics: the case for including animals

AI and Ethics

When this article was published, a few citations were written incorrectly which caused that the i... more When this article was published, a few citations were written incorrectly which caused that the index services were unable to identify these articles. Also persons that helped with the paper had been erroneously omitted in the acknowledgment section. The original article has been corrected.

Research paper thumbnail of Speciesist bias in AI: how AI applications perpetuate discrimination and unfair outcomes against animals

AI and Ethics

Massive efforts are made to reduce biases in both data and algorithms to render AI applications f... more Massive efforts are made to reduce biases in both data and algorithms to render AI applications fair. These efforts are propelled by various high-profile cases where biased algorithmic decision-making caused harm to women, people of color, minorities, etc. However, the AI fairness field still succumbs to a blind spot, namely its insensitivity to discrimination against animals. This paper is a critical comment on current fairness research in AI. It is the first to describe the ‘speciesist bias’ and investigate it in several different AI systems by reflecting on the problem via a normative analysis and by probing, in several case studies, image recognition, word embedding, and language models with established methods for bias detection. We claim that animals matter morally and that discriminating against them is unethical. Furthermore, we provide evidence for speciesist biases in all the mentioned areas of AI. We find that speciesist biases are solidified by many mainstream AI applica...

Research paper thumbnail of AI ethics: the case for including animals

AI and Ethics

The ethics of artificial intelligence, or AI ethics, is a rapidly growing field, and rightly so. ... more The ethics of artificial intelligence, or AI ethics, is a rapidly growing field, and rightly so. While the range of issues and groups of stakeholders concerned by the field of AI ethics is expanding, with speculation about whether it extends even to the machines themselves, there is a group of sentient beings who are also affected by AI, but are rarely mentioned within the field of AI ethics—the nonhuman animals. This paper seeks to explore the kinds of impact AI has on nonhuman animals, the severity of these impacts, and their moral implications. We hope that this paper will facilitate the development of a new field of philosophical and technical research regarding the impacts of AI on animals, namely, the ethics of AI as it affects nonhuman animals.