U. Al-mubaiyedh - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Uploads

Papers by U. Al-mubaiyedh

Measurements of drag-reduction are presented for oil-water flowing in a horizontal 0.0254 m pipe.... more Measurements of drag-reduction are presented for oil-water flowing in a horizontal 0.0254 m pipe. Different oil-water configurations were observed. The injection of water soluble polymer solution (PDRA) in some cases produced drag reduction of about 65% with concentration of only 10-15 ppm. The results showed a significant reduction in pressure gradient due to PDRA especially at high mixture velocity which was accompanied by a clear change in the flow pattern. Phase inversion point in dispersed flow regime occurred at a water fraction range of (0.33-0.35) indicated by its pressure drop peak which was disappeared by injecting only 5 ppm (weight basis) of PDRA. Effect of PDRA concentration and molecular weight on flow patterns and pressure drops are presented in this study. Influence of salt content in the water phase on the performance of PDRA is also examined in this paper.

Journal of Surfactants and Detergents, 2014

Thermal stability and rheological properties of a novel surfactant-polymer system containing non-... more Thermal stability and rheological properties of a novel surfactant-polymer system containing non-ionic ethoxylated fluorocarbon surfactant was evaluated. A copolymer of acrylamide (AM) and 2-acrylamido-2methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) was used. Thermal stability and surfactant structural changes after aging at 100°C were evaluated using TGA, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, 19 F NMR and FTIR. The surfactant was compatible with AM-AMPS copolymer and synthetic sea water. No precipitation of surfactant was observed in sea water. The surfactant was found to be thermally stable at 100°C and no structural changes were detected after exposure to this temperature. Rheological properties of the surfactant-polymer (SP) system were measured in a high pressure rheometer. The effects of surfactant concentration, temperature, polymer concentration and salinity on rheological properties were studied for several SP solutions. At low temperature (50°C), the viscosity initially increased slightly with the addition of the surfactant, then decreased at high surfactant concentration. At a high temperature (90°C), an increase in the viscosity with the increase in surfactant concentration was not observed. Overall, the influence of the fluorocarbon surfactant on the viscosity of SP system was weak particularly at high temperatures and high shear rate. Salts present in sea water reduced the viscosity of the polymer due to a charge shielding effect. However, the surfactant was found to be thermally stable in the presence of salts.

High density polyethylene (HDPE)/clay nanocomposites containing nanoclay concentrations of 1, 2.5... more High density polyethylene (HDPE)/clay nanocomposites containing nanoclay concentrations of 1, 2.5, and 5 wt% were prepared by a melt blending process. The effects of various types of nanoclays and their concentrations on permeability, solubility, and diffusivity of natural gas in the nanocomposites were investigated. The results were compared with HDPE typically used in the production of liners for the petroleum industry. Four different nanoclays-Cloisite 10A, 15A, 30B and Nanomer 1.44P-were studied in the presence of CH 4 and a CO 2 /CH 4 mixture in the temperature range 30-70°C and pressure range 50-100 bar. The permeability and diffusivity of the gases were considerably reduced by the incorporation of nanoclay into the polymer matrix. Addition of 5 wt% loading of Nanomer 1.44P reduced the permeability by 46% and the diffusion coefficient by 43%. Increasing the pressure from 50 to 100 bar at constant temperature had little influence on the permeability, whereas increasing the temperature from 30 to 70°C significantly increased the permeability of the gas. Additionally, the effect of crystallinity on permeability, solubility, and diffusivity was investigated. Thus, the permeability of the CO 2 /CH 4 mixture in Nanomer 1.44P nanocomposite was reduced by 47% and diffusion coefficient by 35% at 5 wt% loading, 50°C, and 100 bar, compared with pure HDPE.

Chemical Engineering Journal, 1998

A generalized film model is used to describe isothermal reactive gas absorption without limitatio... more A generalized film model is used to describe isothermal reactive gas absorption without limitation on the reaction regime. The model is applied to analyze the effect of the liquid phase, bulk-side, reaction on gas absorption accompanied by a general (m,n)-th-order reaction involving a volatile liquid reactant. A computational analysis is performed in order to examine criteria given in the literature for the condition( s) under which the contribution of the bulk reaction can be significant. It is shown that the Hatta number is not the only indicator by which the importance of this contribution should be assessed. Other parameters reflecting reactor type, operating conditions, reaction orders, and extent of liquid mixing are shown to play an important role in determining the significance of the bulk-liquid reaction in the slow-and moderately fast-reaction regimes. 0 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.

High-density polyethylene (HDPE)/clay nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending process. The ... more High-density polyethylene (HDPE)/clay nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending process. The HDPE was mixed with different organoclays and polyethylene-grafted-maleic anhydride was used as a compatibiliser. A masterbatch procedure was used to obtain final organoclays concentrations of 1, 2.5 and 5 wt%. The effects of various types of nanoclays and their concentrations on morphological, thermal and mechanical properties of nanocomposites were investigated. Surface mechanical properties such as instrumented nanohardness, modulus of elasticity and creep were also measured using a nanoindentation technique. Young's, storage and loss moduli, were found to be higher than that of the neat polymer at low loading (2.5 wt%) for clay Cloisite 15A and at higher loading (5 wt%) for clay Nanomer 1.44P. The ultimate strength and the toughness decreased slightly compared to pure HDPE. The differential scanning calorimetry analysis revealed that the peak temperature of the nanocomposites increased with increased clay content while the crystallinity decreased. Also, dynamic mechanical analysis revealed the storage and loss moduli are enhanced by addition of nanoclay. Both mechanical and thermal properties of HDPE/Nanomer 1.44P nanocomposite showed interesting trends. All properties first dropped when 1 wt% of the clay was added. Thereafter, a gradual increase or decrease then followed as the loading of Nanomer was increased. These trends were observed for all mechanical properties. The results obtained from nanoindentation tests for surface mechanical properties also showed similar trend to that of bulk measurements. Based on these measurements a nanoclay additive for a liner grade HDPE was selected.

Applied Catalysis A: General, 2006

Catalytic transformation of three methyl benzenes (toluene, m-xylene, and 1,2,4-trimethyl benzene... more Catalytic transformation of three methyl benzenes (toluene, m-xylene, and 1,2,4-trimethyl benzene) has been investigated over USY based FCC zeolite catalyst in a novel riser simulator at different operating conditions. The effect of reaction conditions on the variation of isomerization to disproportionation products ratio (I/D), distribution of trimethylbenzene (TMB) isomers (1,3,5-to-1,2,3-) and values of p-xylene/o-xylene (P/O) ratios are reported.

A mathematical model for predicting the permeability of natural gas in polymer nanocomposites was... more A mathematical model for predicting the permeability of natural gas in polymer nanocomposites was developed and tested using experimental data. The model takes into account the effects of pressure, temperature, crystallinity and nanoparticle loading. Three model parameters ( o D E , b and k ) were obtained. The parameter o D E is a measure of the activation energy, b described the effect of nanocomposite loading, and k can be used to describe the effect of gas concentration on the D E . Polymer nanocomposites were prepared using high density polyethylene as polymer matrix and Cloisite 15A as nanoclay. The proposed model was used to predict the permeability of the nanocomposites to pure CH 4 and mixed CH 4 /CO 2 gases (containing 80 mol% CH 4 ) at pressures up to about 106 bar and temperatures between 30 to 70 o C. Predicted results show that the developed model provides an excellent description of natural gas permeation in pure HDPE and its nanocomposites.

Measurements of drag-reduction are presented for oil-water flowing in a horizontal 0.0254 m pipe.... more Measurements of drag-reduction are presented for oil-water flowing in a horizontal 0.0254 m pipe. Different oil-water configurations were observed. The injection of water soluble polymer solution (PDRA) in some cases produced drag reduction of about 65% with concentration of only 10-15 ppm. The results showed a significant reduction in pressure gradient due to PDRA especially at high mixture velocity which was accompanied by a clear change in the flow pattern. Phase inversion point in dispersed flow regime occurred at a water fraction range of (0.33-0.35) indicated by its pressure drop peak which was disappeared by injecting only 5 ppm (weight basis) of PDRA. Effect of PDRA concentration and molecular weight on flow patterns and pressure drops are presented in this study. Influence of salt content in the water phase on the performance of PDRA is also examined in this paper.

Journal of Surfactants and Detergents, 2014

Thermal stability and rheological properties of a novel surfactant-polymer system containing non-... more Thermal stability and rheological properties of a novel surfactant-polymer system containing non-ionic ethoxylated fluorocarbon surfactant was evaluated. A copolymer of acrylamide (AM) and 2-acrylamido-2methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) was used. Thermal stability and surfactant structural changes after aging at 100°C were evaluated using TGA, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, 19 F NMR and FTIR. The surfactant was compatible with AM-AMPS copolymer and synthetic sea water. No precipitation of surfactant was observed in sea water. The surfactant was found to be thermally stable at 100°C and no structural changes were detected after exposure to this temperature. Rheological properties of the surfactant-polymer (SP) system were measured in a high pressure rheometer. The effects of surfactant concentration, temperature, polymer concentration and salinity on rheological properties were studied for several SP solutions. At low temperature (50°C), the viscosity initially increased slightly with the addition of the surfactant, then decreased at high surfactant concentration. At a high temperature (90°C), an increase in the viscosity with the increase in surfactant concentration was not observed. Overall, the influence of the fluorocarbon surfactant on the viscosity of SP system was weak particularly at high temperatures and high shear rate. Salts present in sea water reduced the viscosity of the polymer due to a charge shielding effect. However, the surfactant was found to be thermally stable in the presence of salts.

High density polyethylene (HDPE)/clay nanocomposites containing nanoclay concentrations of 1, 2.5... more High density polyethylene (HDPE)/clay nanocomposites containing nanoclay concentrations of 1, 2.5, and 5 wt% were prepared by a melt blending process. The effects of various types of nanoclays and their concentrations on permeability, solubility, and diffusivity of natural gas in the nanocomposites were investigated. The results were compared with HDPE typically used in the production of liners for the petroleum industry. Four different nanoclays-Cloisite 10A, 15A, 30B and Nanomer 1.44P-were studied in the presence of CH 4 and a CO 2 /CH 4 mixture in the temperature range 30-70°C and pressure range 50-100 bar. The permeability and diffusivity of the gases were considerably reduced by the incorporation of nanoclay into the polymer matrix. Addition of 5 wt% loading of Nanomer 1.44P reduced the permeability by 46% and the diffusion coefficient by 43%. Increasing the pressure from 50 to 100 bar at constant temperature had little influence on the permeability, whereas increasing the temperature from 30 to 70°C significantly increased the permeability of the gas. Additionally, the effect of crystallinity on permeability, solubility, and diffusivity was investigated. Thus, the permeability of the CO 2 /CH 4 mixture in Nanomer 1.44P nanocomposite was reduced by 47% and diffusion coefficient by 35% at 5 wt% loading, 50°C, and 100 bar, compared with pure HDPE.

Chemical Engineering Journal, 1998

A generalized film model is used to describe isothermal reactive gas absorption without limitatio... more A generalized film model is used to describe isothermal reactive gas absorption without limitation on the reaction regime. The model is applied to analyze the effect of the liquid phase, bulk-side, reaction on gas absorption accompanied by a general (m,n)-th-order reaction involving a volatile liquid reactant. A computational analysis is performed in order to examine criteria given in the literature for the condition( s) under which the contribution of the bulk reaction can be significant. It is shown that the Hatta number is not the only indicator by which the importance of this contribution should be assessed. Other parameters reflecting reactor type, operating conditions, reaction orders, and extent of liquid mixing are shown to play an important role in determining the significance of the bulk-liquid reaction in the slow-and moderately fast-reaction regimes. 0 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.

High-density polyethylene (HDPE)/clay nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending process. The ... more High-density polyethylene (HDPE)/clay nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending process. The HDPE was mixed with different organoclays and polyethylene-grafted-maleic anhydride was used as a compatibiliser. A masterbatch procedure was used to obtain final organoclays concentrations of 1, 2.5 and 5 wt%. The effects of various types of nanoclays and their concentrations on morphological, thermal and mechanical properties of nanocomposites were investigated. Surface mechanical properties such as instrumented nanohardness, modulus of elasticity and creep were also measured using a nanoindentation technique. Young's, storage and loss moduli, were found to be higher than that of the neat polymer at low loading (2.5 wt%) for clay Cloisite 15A and at higher loading (5 wt%) for clay Nanomer 1.44P. The ultimate strength and the toughness decreased slightly compared to pure HDPE. The differential scanning calorimetry analysis revealed that the peak temperature of the nanocomposites increased with increased clay content while the crystallinity decreased. Also, dynamic mechanical analysis revealed the storage and loss moduli are enhanced by addition of nanoclay. Both mechanical and thermal properties of HDPE/Nanomer 1.44P nanocomposite showed interesting trends. All properties first dropped when 1 wt% of the clay was added. Thereafter, a gradual increase or decrease then followed as the loading of Nanomer was increased. These trends were observed for all mechanical properties. The results obtained from nanoindentation tests for surface mechanical properties also showed similar trend to that of bulk measurements. Based on these measurements a nanoclay additive for a liner grade HDPE was selected.

Applied Catalysis A: General, 2006

Catalytic transformation of three methyl benzenes (toluene, m-xylene, and 1,2,4-trimethyl benzene... more Catalytic transformation of three methyl benzenes (toluene, m-xylene, and 1,2,4-trimethyl benzene) has been investigated over USY based FCC zeolite catalyst in a novel riser simulator at different operating conditions. The effect of reaction conditions on the variation of isomerization to disproportionation products ratio (I/D), distribution of trimethylbenzene (TMB) isomers (1,3,5-to-1,2,3-) and values of p-xylene/o-xylene (P/O) ratios are reported.

A mathematical model for predicting the permeability of natural gas in polymer nanocomposites was... more A mathematical model for predicting the permeability of natural gas in polymer nanocomposites was developed and tested using experimental data. The model takes into account the effects of pressure, temperature, crystallinity and nanoparticle loading. Three model parameters ( o D E , b and k ) were obtained. The parameter o D E is a measure of the activation energy, b described the effect of nanocomposite loading, and k can be used to describe the effect of gas concentration on the D E . Polymer nanocomposites were prepared using high density polyethylene as polymer matrix and Cloisite 15A as nanoclay. The proposed model was used to predict the permeability of the nanocomposites to pure CH 4 and mixed CH 4 /CO 2 gases (containing 80 mol% CH 4 ) at pressures up to about 106 bar and temperatures between 30 to 70 o C. Predicted results show that the developed model provides an excellent description of natural gas permeation in pure HDPE and its nanocomposites.