Ulf Jodal - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Ulf Jodal
Acta Radiologica Diagnosis, 1985
Ureteral diameters were estimated on films from intravenous urography in 194 children (100 boys a... more Ureteral diameters were estimated on films from intravenous urography in 194 children (100 boys and 94 girls) aged 0-16 years. Children with signs of urinary tract infection, calculi, obstruction, duplication or malformation were excluded. Films obtained without abdominal compression were used for measurements, including only ureters visualized over 50 per cent of their lengths. A good correlation was demonstrated between ureteral diameter and age (r = 0.69) and between ureteral diameter and the length of a segment of the lumbar spine (r = 0.73). The widest part of the ureter was most often located just above the crossing of the iliac vessels. The right ureter was slightly wider than the left one. No difference between boys and girls was noted. The results are in good agreement with those of others obtained at autopsy. Bearing in mind the possible physiologic variations, it would seem that measuring the ureteral diameter can be of value for a more objective differentiation between dilated and non-dilated ureters.
Different pad tests were compared in 50 incontinent children. In a 2-hour ward test with standard... more Different pad tests were compared in 50 incontinent children. In a 2-hour ward test with standardized activities and fluid provocation 70% were positive. In a simple 12-hour home test with 30 children 68% were positive; when a fluid provocation period was included in the home test with 20 children the frequency increased to 80%. Pad tests are easy to perform with children in the home and are valuable as screening instruments. Further, the simultaneous registration of events gives a more complete picture of the incontinence pattern.
Acta Paediat, 2007
A retrospective population-based study was performed to describe the incidence rate of first time... more A retrospective population-based study was performed to describe the incidence rate of first time symptomatic urinary tract infection in children under 6 y of age. A total number of 299 children was identified during the 20-month study period in a population of 20 000 girls and 21 000 boys. The cumulative incidence rate during the first 6 y of life was 6.6% for girls and 1.8% for boys. The annual incidence rate in girls of urinary tract infection/1000 at risk was between 9 and 14 for each of the six 1-y age intervals. In girls, the proportion of febrile urinary tract infection was high during the infant year, while girls older than 2 y most often had non-febrile infection. For infant boys, the incidence rate and the proportion of febrile urinary tract infection were comparable to that of girls, while after the first year of life urinary infection of any kind was rare, with an incidence rate of 1-2/1000 at risk. ٖ Children, incidence rate, urinary tract infection S Mårild,
Acta Paediatrica, Aug 1, 1975
Three hundred and forty-three E. coli strains isolated from the urine of patients with asymptomat... more Three hundred and forty-three E. coli strains isolated from the urine of patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU), symptomatic cystitis, or pyelonephritis were analysed with regard to O group distribution and sensitivity to the bactericidal effect of normal serum. Strains of O groups 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 16, 18 and 75 were found in 31.3% in ABU, in 58.7% in cystitis and in 79.8% in pyelonephritis. Spontaneous agglutination was noted in 45.2% of ABU, 6.5% of cystitis and 1.7% of pyelonephritis strains. The strains from patients with ABU were significantly more sensitive to the bactericidal effect of normal serum than were those from patients with symptomatic urinary tract infection. In some patients with untreated ABU, changes in the characteristics of the urinary strains isolated were noted. The strains tended to become spontaneously agglutinating as well as more sensitive to the bactericidal activity of normal serum. The strains found in patients with ABU probably had an altered cell wall compared with those found in patients with symptomatic infections such that they produce fewer symptoms and possibly be less virulent.
The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, Jul 1, 1994
This study analyzed the interleukin 6 (IL-6) response in 114 children with suspected urinary trac... more This study analyzed the interleukin 6 (IL-6) response in 114 children with suspected urinary tract infection (UTI). Urine and serum samples were obtained at the time of enrollment. There were 90 children with UTI, 41 with and 49 without a temperature > or = 38.5 degrees C. The remaining 24 children did not have bacteriuria; 11 were febrile and 13 were not. The urinary IL-6 concentrations were higher in the children with UTI (mean, 129 units/ml) than in the children without bacteriuria (mean, 7 units/ml, P < 0.01). In contrast the serum IL-6 did not differ between children with or without UTI or between children with or without a temperature > or = 38.5 degrees C. The urinary IL-6 response was higher in children who were infected with P fimbriated Escherichia coli than in other children with UTI (P < 0.05). There was a correlation of urinary IL-6 with the degree of proteinuria, hematuria and urinary leukocyte counts (P < 0.001, P < 0.05, P < 0.05, respectively) but not with serum IL-6, CRP or temperature, and of serum IL-6 to C-reactive protein (P = 0.053) and renal concentrating capacity (P < 0.05). The results demonstrate that infections of the urinary tract activate an IL-6 response in children and that the magnitude of the IL-6 response is influenced by the properties of the infecting strain.
The Journal of Urology, Nov 1, 1987
A rehabilitation program has been developed for children with functional, nonneurogenic bladder d... more A rehabilitation program has been developed for children with functional, nonneurogenic bladder disturbance. The basis for the program is a bladder regimen supplemented by biofeedback training if needed. Results in the first 70 children (64 girls and 6 boys) are presented. After 1 and 3 years 36 and 53 children, respectively, had completely normalized voiding patterns, that is they were continent, had no urgency, voided 3 to 6 times a day and emptied the bladder completely in 1 portion with a normal flow rate. The training program is applicable in children with varying urodynamic diagnoses and it has been used in children as young as 4 years old.
Acta Paediatrica, Jun 1, 1975
Three hundred and forty-three E. coli strains isolated from the urine of patients with asymptomat... more Three hundred and forty-three E. coli strains isolated from the urine of patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU), symptomatic cystitis, or pyelonephritis were analysed with regard to O group distribution and sensitivity to the bactericidal effect of normal serum. Strains of O groups 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 16, 18 and 75 were found in 31.3% in ABU, in 58.7% in cystitis and in 79.8% in pyelonephritis. Spontaneous agglutination was noted in 45.2% of ABU, 6.5% of cystitis and 1.7% of pyelonephritis strains. The strains from patients with ABU were significantly more sensitive to the bactericidal effect of normal serum than were those from patients with symptomatic urinary tract infection. In some patients with untreated ABU, changes in the characteristics of the urinary strains isolated were noted. The strains tended to become spontaneously agglutinating as well as more sensitive to the bactericidal activity of normal serum. The strains found in patients with ABU probably had an altered cell wall compared with those found in patients with symptomatic infections such that they produce fewer symptoms and possibly be less virulent.
Acta Radiologica Diagnosis, 1986
In order to improve the accuracy of the grading of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), reference values ... more In order to improve the accuracy of the grading of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), reference values for ureteral diameter at micturition cystourethrography (MCUG) were established in infants and children with low-risk VUR. Low-risk VUR was defined as VUR not associated with infection, obstruction, calculi, duplication, malformations (except for hypospadia) or neurogenic bladder disturbances. Forty-six children (age 1 day-14 years) were selected by examining the records of 12000 MCUG:s performed 1960-1983. Ureteral diameter was measured at the widest point of the ureter on the films from MCUG:s and urographies. Ureteral diameter was slightly larger at MCUG than at urography in the same individuals but the difference was not significant. The ureteral diameter at MCUG also correlated closely to normal values at urography in a previous study. It is proposed that the reference values obtained at MCUG in the present investigation can be used for the differentiation between dilatation and no dilatation in the grading of VUR.
Acta Paediat, 2007
Hellström M, Hessel H, Jacobsson B, Jodal U, Niklasson A, Wennerström M, Hellström A. Association... more Hellström M, Hessel H, Jacobsson B, Jodal U, Niklasson A, Wennerström M, Hellström A. Association between urinary tract infection, renal damage and birth size. Acta Paediatr 2001; 90: 628-631. Stockholm. ISSN 0803-5253
Acta paediatrica
Three hundred and forty-three E. coli strains isolated from the urine of patients with asymptomat... more Three hundred and forty-three E. coli strains isolated from the urine of patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU), symptomatic cystitis, or pyelonephritis were analysed with regard to O group distribution and sensitivity to the bactericidal effect of normal serum. Strains of O groups 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 16, 18 and 75 were found in 31.3% in ABU, in 58.7% in cystitis and in 79.8% in pyelonephritis. Spontaneous agglutination was noted in 45.2% of ABU, 6.5% of cystitis and 1.7% of pyelonephritis strains. The strains from patients with ABU were significantly more sensitive to the bactericidal effect of normal serum than were those from patients with symptomatic urinary tract infection. In some patients with untreated ABU, changes in the characteristics of the urinary strains isolated were noted. The strains tended to become spontaneously agglutinating as well as more sensitive to the bactericidal activity of normal serum. The strains found in patients with ABU probably had an altered cell wall compared with those found in patients with symptomatic infections such that they produce fewer symptoms and possibly be less virulent.
Acta pathologica et microbiologica Scandinavica. Section C, Immunology
Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde
Kansenshogaku zasshi. The Journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases
Acta pathologica et microbiologica Scandinavica
Clinical nephrology
Fourteen children, 10 boys and 4 girls, with chronic progressive renal failure were treated with ... more Fourteen children, 10 boys and 4 girls, with chronic progressive renal failure were treated with a low-protein (0.4-2 g/kg body wt and maximum 20 g/day), high-energy diet (55-130 kcal/kg body wt) and supplemented with essential amino acids and histidine (0.21-0.5 g/kg body wt). The mean age at the onset of treatment was 9.9 years (5.5 months - 15.3 years), mean serum creatinine 461 mumoles/1 (167-1110) and mean BUN 60.2 mmoles/1 (20-83). Indications for treatment were incipient or manifest growth retardation. A 50% reduction of BUN was found after about 2 weeks of treatment while serum creatinine remained unchanged. BUN remained decreased during therapy despite further increase of serum creatinine. The mean duration of treatment was 21 months (range 4-48). Increasing appetite and vitality were found after introduction of the diet, which was well accepted by most of the children while their general condition remained satisfactory. The earlier decrease of growth rate was interrupted and a linear or almost linear growth within the SD-scores at onset of treatment was seen in 10 of the 14 children. Three children had a reduced growth rate and one child did not grow at all during treatment. Signs of osteodystrophy did not improve during the diet. It is speculated that the protein restriction has a detoxifying effect, which together with supplementation of amino acids and a high energy supply could in part correct the metabolic disturbances and provide an opportunity for anabolism and growth.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Progress in allergy, 1983
Clinical and experimental immunology, 1971
Precipitating serum antibodies to Escherichia coli 0 antigens from some infants and children with... more Precipitating serum antibodies to Escherichia coli 0 antigens from some infants and children with acute pyelonephritis were studied.
Acta Radiologica Diagnosis, 1985
Ureteral diameters were estimated on films from intravenous urography in 194 children (100 boys a... more Ureteral diameters were estimated on films from intravenous urography in 194 children (100 boys and 94 girls) aged 0-16 years. Children with signs of urinary tract infection, calculi, obstruction, duplication or malformation were excluded. Films obtained without abdominal compression were used for measurements, including only ureters visualized over 50 per cent of their lengths. A good correlation was demonstrated between ureteral diameter and age (r = 0.69) and between ureteral diameter and the length of a segment of the lumbar spine (r = 0.73). The widest part of the ureter was most often located just above the crossing of the iliac vessels. The right ureter was slightly wider than the left one. No difference between boys and girls was noted. The results are in good agreement with those of others obtained at autopsy. Bearing in mind the possible physiologic variations, it would seem that measuring the ureteral diameter can be of value for a more objective differentiation between dilated and non-dilated ureters.
Different pad tests were compared in 50 incontinent children. In a 2-hour ward test with standard... more Different pad tests were compared in 50 incontinent children. In a 2-hour ward test with standardized activities and fluid provocation 70% were positive. In a simple 12-hour home test with 30 children 68% were positive; when a fluid provocation period was included in the home test with 20 children the frequency increased to 80%. Pad tests are easy to perform with children in the home and are valuable as screening instruments. Further, the simultaneous registration of events gives a more complete picture of the incontinence pattern.
Acta Paediat, 2007
A retrospective population-based study was performed to describe the incidence rate of first time... more A retrospective population-based study was performed to describe the incidence rate of first time symptomatic urinary tract infection in children under 6 y of age. A total number of 299 children was identified during the 20-month study period in a population of 20 000 girls and 21 000 boys. The cumulative incidence rate during the first 6 y of life was 6.6% for girls and 1.8% for boys. The annual incidence rate in girls of urinary tract infection/1000 at risk was between 9 and 14 for each of the six 1-y age intervals. In girls, the proportion of febrile urinary tract infection was high during the infant year, while girls older than 2 y most often had non-febrile infection. For infant boys, the incidence rate and the proportion of febrile urinary tract infection were comparable to that of girls, while after the first year of life urinary infection of any kind was rare, with an incidence rate of 1-2/1000 at risk. ٖ Children, incidence rate, urinary tract infection S Mårild,
Acta Paediatrica, Aug 1, 1975
Three hundred and forty-three E. coli strains isolated from the urine of patients with asymptomat... more Three hundred and forty-three E. coli strains isolated from the urine of patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU), symptomatic cystitis, or pyelonephritis were analysed with regard to O group distribution and sensitivity to the bactericidal effect of normal serum. Strains of O groups 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 16, 18 and 75 were found in 31.3% in ABU, in 58.7% in cystitis and in 79.8% in pyelonephritis. Spontaneous agglutination was noted in 45.2% of ABU, 6.5% of cystitis and 1.7% of pyelonephritis strains. The strains from patients with ABU were significantly more sensitive to the bactericidal effect of normal serum than were those from patients with symptomatic urinary tract infection. In some patients with untreated ABU, changes in the characteristics of the urinary strains isolated were noted. The strains tended to become spontaneously agglutinating as well as more sensitive to the bactericidal activity of normal serum. The strains found in patients with ABU probably had an altered cell wall compared with those found in patients with symptomatic infections such that they produce fewer symptoms and possibly be less virulent.
The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, Jul 1, 1994
This study analyzed the interleukin 6 (IL-6) response in 114 children with suspected urinary trac... more This study analyzed the interleukin 6 (IL-6) response in 114 children with suspected urinary tract infection (UTI). Urine and serum samples were obtained at the time of enrollment. There were 90 children with UTI, 41 with and 49 without a temperature > or = 38.5 degrees C. The remaining 24 children did not have bacteriuria; 11 were febrile and 13 were not. The urinary IL-6 concentrations were higher in the children with UTI (mean, 129 units/ml) than in the children without bacteriuria (mean, 7 units/ml, P < 0.01). In contrast the serum IL-6 did not differ between children with or without UTI or between children with or without a temperature > or = 38.5 degrees C. The urinary IL-6 response was higher in children who were infected with P fimbriated Escherichia coli than in other children with UTI (P < 0.05). There was a correlation of urinary IL-6 with the degree of proteinuria, hematuria and urinary leukocyte counts (P < 0.001, P < 0.05, P < 0.05, respectively) but not with serum IL-6, CRP or temperature, and of serum IL-6 to C-reactive protein (P = 0.053) and renal concentrating capacity (P < 0.05). The results demonstrate that infections of the urinary tract activate an IL-6 response in children and that the magnitude of the IL-6 response is influenced by the properties of the infecting strain.
The Journal of Urology, Nov 1, 1987
A rehabilitation program has been developed for children with functional, nonneurogenic bladder d... more A rehabilitation program has been developed for children with functional, nonneurogenic bladder disturbance. The basis for the program is a bladder regimen supplemented by biofeedback training if needed. Results in the first 70 children (64 girls and 6 boys) are presented. After 1 and 3 years 36 and 53 children, respectively, had completely normalized voiding patterns, that is they were continent, had no urgency, voided 3 to 6 times a day and emptied the bladder completely in 1 portion with a normal flow rate. The training program is applicable in children with varying urodynamic diagnoses and it has been used in children as young as 4 years old.
Acta Paediatrica, Jun 1, 1975
Three hundred and forty-three E. coli strains isolated from the urine of patients with asymptomat... more Three hundred and forty-three E. coli strains isolated from the urine of patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU), symptomatic cystitis, or pyelonephritis were analysed with regard to O group distribution and sensitivity to the bactericidal effect of normal serum. Strains of O groups 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 16, 18 and 75 were found in 31.3% in ABU, in 58.7% in cystitis and in 79.8% in pyelonephritis. Spontaneous agglutination was noted in 45.2% of ABU, 6.5% of cystitis and 1.7% of pyelonephritis strains. The strains from patients with ABU were significantly more sensitive to the bactericidal effect of normal serum than were those from patients with symptomatic urinary tract infection. In some patients with untreated ABU, changes in the characteristics of the urinary strains isolated were noted. The strains tended to become spontaneously agglutinating as well as more sensitive to the bactericidal activity of normal serum. The strains found in patients with ABU probably had an altered cell wall compared with those found in patients with symptomatic infections such that they produce fewer symptoms and possibly be less virulent.
Acta Radiologica Diagnosis, 1986
In order to improve the accuracy of the grading of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), reference values ... more In order to improve the accuracy of the grading of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), reference values for ureteral diameter at micturition cystourethrography (MCUG) were established in infants and children with low-risk VUR. Low-risk VUR was defined as VUR not associated with infection, obstruction, calculi, duplication, malformations (except for hypospadia) or neurogenic bladder disturbances. Forty-six children (age 1 day-14 years) were selected by examining the records of 12000 MCUG:s performed 1960-1983. Ureteral diameter was measured at the widest point of the ureter on the films from MCUG:s and urographies. Ureteral diameter was slightly larger at MCUG than at urography in the same individuals but the difference was not significant. The ureteral diameter at MCUG also correlated closely to normal values at urography in a previous study. It is proposed that the reference values obtained at MCUG in the present investigation can be used for the differentiation between dilatation and no dilatation in the grading of VUR.
Acta Paediat, 2007
Hellström M, Hessel H, Jacobsson B, Jodal U, Niklasson A, Wennerström M, Hellström A. Association... more Hellström M, Hessel H, Jacobsson B, Jodal U, Niklasson A, Wennerström M, Hellström A. Association between urinary tract infection, renal damage and birth size. Acta Paediatr 2001; 90: 628-631. Stockholm. ISSN 0803-5253
Acta paediatrica
Three hundred and forty-three E. coli strains isolated from the urine of patients with asymptomat... more Three hundred and forty-three E. coli strains isolated from the urine of patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU), symptomatic cystitis, or pyelonephritis were analysed with regard to O group distribution and sensitivity to the bactericidal effect of normal serum. Strains of O groups 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 16, 18 and 75 were found in 31.3% in ABU, in 58.7% in cystitis and in 79.8% in pyelonephritis. Spontaneous agglutination was noted in 45.2% of ABU, 6.5% of cystitis and 1.7% of pyelonephritis strains. The strains from patients with ABU were significantly more sensitive to the bactericidal effect of normal serum than were those from patients with symptomatic urinary tract infection. In some patients with untreated ABU, changes in the characteristics of the urinary strains isolated were noted. The strains tended to become spontaneously agglutinating as well as more sensitive to the bactericidal activity of normal serum. The strains found in patients with ABU probably had an altered cell wall compared with those found in patients with symptomatic infections such that they produce fewer symptoms and possibly be less virulent.
Acta pathologica et microbiologica Scandinavica. Section C, Immunology
Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde
Kansenshogaku zasshi. The Journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases
Acta pathologica et microbiologica Scandinavica
Clinical nephrology
Fourteen children, 10 boys and 4 girls, with chronic progressive renal failure were treated with ... more Fourteen children, 10 boys and 4 girls, with chronic progressive renal failure were treated with a low-protein (0.4-2 g/kg body wt and maximum 20 g/day), high-energy diet (55-130 kcal/kg body wt) and supplemented with essential amino acids and histidine (0.21-0.5 g/kg body wt). The mean age at the onset of treatment was 9.9 years (5.5 months - 15.3 years), mean serum creatinine 461 mumoles/1 (167-1110) and mean BUN 60.2 mmoles/1 (20-83). Indications for treatment were incipient or manifest growth retardation. A 50% reduction of BUN was found after about 2 weeks of treatment while serum creatinine remained unchanged. BUN remained decreased during therapy despite further increase of serum creatinine. The mean duration of treatment was 21 months (range 4-48). Increasing appetite and vitality were found after introduction of the diet, which was well accepted by most of the children while their general condition remained satisfactory. The earlier decrease of growth rate was interrupted and a linear or almost linear growth within the SD-scores at onset of treatment was seen in 10 of the 14 children. Three children had a reduced growth rate and one child did not grow at all during treatment. Signs of osteodystrophy did not improve during the diet. It is speculated that the protein restriction has a detoxifying effect, which together with supplementation of amino acids and a high energy supply could in part correct the metabolic disturbances and provide an opportunity for anabolism and growth.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Progress in allergy, 1983
Clinical and experimental immunology, 1971
Precipitating serum antibodies to Escherichia coli 0 antigens from some infants and children with... more Precipitating serum antibodies to Escherichia coli 0 antigens from some infants and children with acute pyelonephritis were studied.