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Papers by UMA SHANKAR UDAY

Materials Today: Proceedings, 2016

Abstract In this study, the optimization of the media components and physiochemical parameters fo... more Abstract In this study, the optimization of the media components and physiochemical parameters for the xylanase production was carried out from Aspergillus niger KP874102.1. Maximum xylanase production was found to be 941.5 U after 5 days fermentation. The optimum concentration for media components was found to be 3 g/l of xylan from Beech wood, 10 g/l of potassium nitrate, 5 g/l of sodium chloride and 5 g/l of magnesium sulphate for xylanase production. The optimum physiochemical parameters were found to be inoculums percentage (5%), volume ratio percentage (20%), temperature (28 °CoC), pH (7) and agitation (150 rpm) after 5 days fermentation.

Environmental Pollutants and Their Bioremediation Approaches

3 Biotech, 2018

Improved xylanase production was carried out through optimization of environmental stresses durin... more Improved xylanase production was carried out through optimization of environmental stresses during spore preservation, seed cultivation and batch fermentation and identifies the markers at various stages. The maximum spore size (radius 6.5 µm) of Aspergillus niger was noticed after 28 days of spore preservation. During seed cultivation, the hypha formed alongside of germination tube (length 196.8 µm) was noticed only at pH-7 after 18 h of incubation at 28 °C. Therefore, pH-7 and 28 °C were considered as optimum during seed cultivation. In this stage, the final pH of the medium was found to be 6.2 which can be used as marker for completion of seed culture. The production media was optimized through Taguchi methodology. The maximum xylanase production was found to be 1575.93 U. The optimum concentration for media components was found to be xylan from beechwood of 3 g/l, potassium nitrate of 10 g/l, magnesium sulphate of 5 g/l, di-potassium hydrogen phosphate of 50 mM, calcium carbonat...

The present investigation is mainly concerned with the rapid development of extracellular xylanas... more The present investigation is mainly concerned with the rapid development of extracellular xylanase assay conditions by using Taguchi methodology. The extracellular xylanase was produced from Aspergillus niger (KP874102.1), a new strain isolated from a soil sample of the Baramura forest, Tripura West, India. Four physical parameters including temperature, pH, buffer concentration and incubation time were considered as key factors for xylanase activity and were optimized using Taguchi robust design methodology for enhanced xylanase activity. The main effect, interaction effects and optimal levels of the process factors were determined using signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio. The Taguchi method recommends the use of S/N ratio to measure quality characteristics. Based on analysis of the S/N ratio, optimal levels of the process factors were determined. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to evaluate statistically significant process factors. ANOVA results showed that temperature contrib...

The physiological and morphological changes were extensively studied during fed batch fermentatio... more The physiological and morphological changes were extensively studied during fed batch fermentation using newly isolated Aspergillus niger (KP874102.1). Significantly higher xylanase production was possible through optimization of environmental stresses by fed batch process. The fed batch fermentation was carried out for improved xylanase production (2524 U) where initial xylan was kept 1.5 g/L in the production medium. However, 3 g/L of xylan with 50 mM K2HPO4 having pH-7 was consecutively fed at 72 and 120 h of fermentation. K2HPO4 showed significant role both the morphology of the microorganism and produces enzymes in fed batch fermentation. During feeding phase, the pH was found in the range of 6.5 to 7 which was used as marker for the fed batch process. The crude enzyme was used for the bio-bleaching of banana pulp.

Bioengineered, Jan 3, 2017

There is an urgent need to find an environment friendly and sustainable technology for alternativ... more There is an urgent need to find an environment friendly and sustainable technology for alternative energy due to rapid depletion of fossil fuel and industrialization. Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) have operational and functional advantages over the current technologies for energy generation from organic matter as it directly converts electricity from substrate at ambient temperature. However, MFCs are still unsuitable for high energy demands due to practical limitations. The overall performance of an MFC depends on microorganism, appropriate electrode materials, suitable MFC designs, and optimizing process parameters which would accelerate commercialization of this technology in near future. In this review, we put forth the recent developments on microorganism and electrode material that are critical for the generation of bioelectricity generation. This would give a comprehensive insight into the characteristics, options, modifications, and evaluations of these parameters and their ef...

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Due to depletion of fossil fuel and rapid industrial development there is urgent need to find env... more Due to depletion of fossil fuel and rapid industrial development there is urgent need to find environment friendly and sustainable technology for alternative energy. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are considered as a promising technology to extract energy from different sources and turn them into electricity. However, due to practical limitations, MFCs are still unsuitable for high energy demands. Since waste water contains several organic substances, therefore, production of electrical energy from waste water using MFC can offer an economical solution to the problem of environment pollution and energy crisis in near future. Therefore, the technological development for bioelectricity generation from waste water is becoming commercially worthwhile. In this review, discussion has been made critically on overall performance improvement strategies of microbial fuel cells and its application on waste water treatment along with effective power generation. The extensive research work has been carried out on microorganism selection, suitable MFC designs, appropriate electrode materials and optimum level of process parameters which would accelerate commercialization of this technology in near future. Therefore, this review has critically addressed the issues including usefulness of various cultures and their maintenance, applicability of different mode of operation and effectiveness of various MFCs to achieve sustainable power generation from waste water. In addition the various strategies for cost effective bioelectricity generation from waste water including novel reactor design as well as simultaneous treatment strategies have also been critically reviewed.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

In the present work, a potent xylanase producing fungal strain Aspergillus niger (KP874102.1) was... more In the present work, a potent xylanase producing fungal strain Aspergillus niger (KP874102.1) was isolated through cultural and morphological observations from soil sample of Baramura forest, Tripura west, India. 28S rDNA technique was applied for genomic identification of this fungal strain. The isolated strain was found to be phylogenetically closely related to Aspergillus niger. Kinetic constants such as Km and Vmax for extracellular xylanase were determined using various substrate such as beech wood xylan, oat spelt xylan and CM cellulose through Lineweaver-Burk plot. Km, Vmax and Kcat for beech wood xylan are found to be 2.89mg/ml, 2442U and 426178Umlmg(-1) respectively. Crude enzyme did not show also CM cellulose activity. The relative efficiency of oat spelt xylan was found to be 0.819 with respect to beech wood xylan. After acid hydrolysis, enzyme was able to produce reducing sugar with 17.7, 35.5, 50.8 and 65% (w/w) from orange peel after 15, 30, 45 and 60min incubation with cellulase free xylanase and maximum reducing sugar formation rate was found to be 55.96μg/ml/min. Therefore, the Aspergillus niger (KP874102.1) is considered as a potential candidate for enzymatic hydrolysis of orange peel.

Textile Wastewater Treatment, 2016

The aim of this chapter is to demonstrate the technical and economic feasibility of an integrated... more The aim of this chapter is to demonstrate the technical and economic feasibility of an integrated process for microbial treatment of dye(s) containing wastewater from textile effluent that evaluates the efficiency and effectiveness to meet the dye(s)' maximum contaminant level. This chapter covers the whole process of microbial treatment methods that are adopted for dye removal to make an eco-friendly system. The purpose of this treatment technology includes process modifications and engineering approaches. It comprises existing technologies with new advancement technology at all stages of the process. This chapter evaluates the reliability of technologies for small and large systems to make the system cost-effective. It also demonstrates how genetically engineered microorganism works and shows that the "microbial treatment platform for dye removal" can operate with positive economical balance to economize the bioprocess technology. Thus, future prospects of microbial treatment technology should be directed not only how to economically improve bioremediation but also how to effectively commercialize such economically sounded "bio-based" treatment methods in different industries.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2015

Xylanases are classified under glycoside hydrolase families which represent one of the largest gr... more Xylanases are classified under glycoside hydrolase families which represent one of the largest groups of commercial enzymes. Depolymerizing xylan molecules into monomeric pentose units involves the synergistic action of mainly two key enzymes which are endo-β-xylanase and β-xylosidase. Xylanases are different with respect to their mode of action, substrate specificities, biochemical properties, 3D structure and are widely produced by a spectrum of bacteria and fungi. Currently, large scale production of xylanase can be produced through the application of genetic engineering tool which allow fast identification of novel xylanase genes and their genetic variations makes it an ideal enzymes. Due to depletion of fossil fuel, there is urgent need to find out environment friendly and sustainable energy sources. Therefore, utilisation of cheap lignocellulosic materials along with proper optimisation of process is most important for cost efficient ethanol production. Among, various types of lignocellulosic substances, water hyacinth, a noxious aquatic weed, has been found in many tropical. Therefore, the technological development for biofuel production from water hyacinth is becoming commercially worthwhile. In this review, the classification and mode of action of xylanase including genetic regulation and strategy for robust xylanase production have been critically discussed from recent reports. In addition various strategies for cost effective biofuel production from water hyacinth including chimeric proteins design has also been critically evaluated.

Carbohydrate polymers, 2018

Cyanobacteria are uniquely suited for the development of sustainable bioproduction platforms but ... more Cyanobacteria are uniquely suited for the development of sustainable bioproduction platforms but are currently underutilized due to lack of genetic tools. Exopolysaccharide (EPS) is of significant biotechnological importance due to their technological application in various industries. It has been found that most of the research works are focused on isolation and characterization of new exopolysaccharides from microbial sources. The exopolysaccharides from cyanobacteria have been poorly explored despite their original structural features associated with specific biological and physicochemical properties. However, it could increase in a near future through the use of inexpensive cyanobacterial platform as well as available information on the structural data and specific properties of these biopolymers. This review covers genetic regulation for production of exopolysaccharide, analytical strategies for their characterization, evaluation of structure property relationship and design of...