UMER YOUNAS - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by UMER YOUNAS

Research paper thumbnail of Recyclable Cu–Ag bimetallic nanocatalyst for radical scavenging, dyes removal and antimicrobial applications

Research paper thumbnail of Photocatalytic Removal of Dyes from Aqueous Medium by Fe, Mn and Fe-Mn Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Cannabis sativa Leaf Extract

Water

Current work describes green synthesis of Fe, Mn (monometallic) and Fe-Mn (bimetallic) nanopartic... more Current work describes green synthesis of Fe, Mn (monometallic) and Fe-Mn (bimetallic) nanoparticles using Cannabis sativa leaf extract as stabilizing and capping agent. In order to assess the formation of nanoparticles UV/Vis and FTIR analysis was carried out. In addition, Scanning electron microscopy and XRD studies confirmed synthesis as well as morphology of the nanoparticles. All the nanoparticles were found having particle size 20–80 nm and crystallite 3–20 nm. Photocatalytic activity of synthesized nanoparticles has been evaluated by carrying out degradation of two dyes methyl orange (MO) and Congo red (CR) in the presence of nanocatalysts. Degradation of both the dyes was carried out separately using Fe, Mn and Fe-Mn nanoparticles to compare the efficiency of monometallic with bimetallic nanoparticles. Iron and manganese monometallic particles have completely degraded MO in 18 min and 20 min and CR in 24 min and 18 min respectively. However, due to increased synergistic effe...

Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde derivatives of Schiff bases metal complexes: A review

Inorganic Chemistry Communications

Research paper thumbnail of Fabrication of graphene-oxide and zeolite loaded polyvinylidene fluoride reverse osmosis membrane for saltwater remediation

Research paper thumbnail of UV-light Mediated Green Synthesis of Silver Nanowires and Their Catalytic Degradation Potential Against Methyl Orange

In the present study, a simple and eco-friendly method for the synthesis of silver nanowires (Ag-... more In the present study, a simple and eco-friendly method for the synthesis of silver nanowires (Ag-NWs) has been reported. Psidium guajava seed extract was used as a reducing agent for silver nitrate solution at 70°C temperature under continues UV-irradiation, for the production of Ag-NWs. Silver nanowires were initially characterized by using UV-visible and FTIR spectrophotometer. Synthesis of nanowires and involvement of functional groups was con rmed by FT-IR spectra. The morphology and particle size of synthesized Ag-NWs was determined using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). XRD results revealed cubic phase morphology of Ag-NWs. Nanowires were found having 12-8 μm length and 300-500 nm diameter. In addition, catalytic potential of the sample for degradation of methyl orange dye (MO) was tracked spectrophotometrically. The results exposed that; bio-synthesized silver nanowires were found having excellent morphological features as well as impressive catalytic potential.

Research paper thumbnail of Design and synthesis of Schiff base Homobimetallic-Complexes as promising antimicrobial agents

Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Solifenacin-induced acute urticaria and angioedema: a rare adverse effect

Postgraduate Medical Journal, 2021

Antimuscarinics are first-line medication for management of overactive bladder with solifenacin b... more Antimuscarinics are first-line medication for management of overactive bladder with solifenacin being commonly prescribed. Angioedema is the swelling of mucosa and submucosal tissue. There are no published case reports of drug-induced angioedema involving solifenacin. We report a case of a 41-year-old man with spinal cord injury who presented with oedema of face, lips, tongue and associated pruritic urticaria after taking 5 mg of solifenacin. All other possible causes including food allergy, insect bite, hereditary angioedema, use of NSAIDs, ACE inhibitors and antibiotics were ruled out. The temporal association between solifenacin and angioedema and complete resolution of symptoms after discontinuing the drug suggest that solifenacin was the most probable cause of angioedema in our patient.

Research paper thumbnail of Stability Studies of Active Ingredients and Preservatives in Dermatology Cream Using a Newly Developed and Validated RP-HPLC Method

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Azo-Schiff base derivatives of transition metal complexes as antimicrobial agents

Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 2021

Abstract AMR (Antimicrobial-resistant) pathogens like MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus ... more Abstract AMR (Antimicrobial-resistant) pathogens like MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) have become prodigious peril to human health in the past couple of years with the failure of various antifungals and antibiotics in treating mild to chronic mycoses and septicemia. In the grave concern for the rising contagions, Azo-Schiff Bases with dual functionality and far-ranging pharmacological potential has been considered an excellent target for antimicrobial investigations. A diversity of homocyclic and heterocyclic organic precursors has been utilized for submitting novelty in the Azo-Schiff Base Ligands (ASBLs). In addition, the d-block transition metal chelates of ASBLs with infinitely diverse features have also been synthesized and characterized exploiting the classical and advanced analytical techniques. These resourceful coordination compounds owing to their characteristic polydentate ligands with multiple coordination sites, the geometry of complexes, and redox nature of metal centres are bestowed with the structural tunability to reinvigorate their potential applications. A detailed literature survey divulged that no compendious review has yet been published on ASBL-metal derivatives. Therefore, the present study encompasses the research undertaken during the last two decennia for the development and in vitro antimicrobial screening of these prospective drug agents.

Research paper thumbnail of Physicochemical Profile of Ground Water in Bahawalpur City, Pakistan: Hazardous Aspects

Summary: Analysis of ground water of Bahawalpur city, Pakistan, has been made to evaluate its sui... more Summary: Analysis of ground water of Bahawalpur city, Pakistan, has been made to evaluate its suitability for domestic use. Water samples from populated areas of the city were subjected to various physicochemical investigations. Physical properties of ground water were assessed by determining color, odor, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved salts (TDS), alkalinity and dissolved oxygen (DO). Whereas, its chemical nature was evaluated by estimating pH, Cl , F , NO3 , SO4 -2 , essential (Na, K, Ca, Mg) and heavy (Fe, Ni, Cr, As, Pb) metals. The presence of coliform bacteria was also checked and 75% samples were found contaminated. The analysis of physicochemical data, with reference to PSI and WHO standards, revealed that some of the estimated parameters were well within the limit, while others exceeded hydrochemical standards. The data was also subjected to correlation study to check the association among estimated parameters. Relation of important water quality parameters w...

Research paper thumbnail of UV-Light Mediated Biosynthesis of Silver Nanowires; Characterization, Dye Degradation Potential and Kinetic Studies

Sustainability, 2021

Herrin, a simple and eco-friendly method for the synthesis of silver nanowires (Ag-NWs) has been ... more Herrin, a simple and eco-friendly method for the synthesis of silver nanowires (Ag-NWs) has been reported. Silver nanowires were synthesized using Psidium guajava seed extract that acted as a reducing agent as well as a stabilizing agent for silver nitrate solution. Synthesis was carried out at 50 °C temperature under continuous UV-irradiation. Silver nanowires were initially characterized by a UV-visible and FTIR spectrophotometer. In addition, morphology and particle size of synthesized Ag-NWs were determined using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Nanowires were found to have 12.8 μm length and 200–500 nm diameter and cubic phase morphology. Furthermore, the catalytic potential of Ag-NWs for the degradation of methyl orange dye (MO) was determined. The selected dye was degraded successfully that confirmed the catalytic potential of Ag-NWs. The authors concluded that Ag-NWs can be synthesized using plant extract having excellent mo...

Research paper thumbnail of Amalgamation and Scrutinizing of Leucine Derivatives Schiff Bases Complexes as Antimicrobial Agent

Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening, 2021

: The enhanced applications of Schiff bases metal complexes of amino acid derivatives have captur... more : The enhanced applications of Schiff bases metal complexes of amino acid derivatives have captured the attention of researchers for the synthesis of leucine derivatives of Schiff bases metal complexes. Amino acids are considered to be essential part of food supplements as well as derivatives of Schiff bases in coordination chemistry due to their donor ability. The leucine derivatives Schiff bases ligand have been synthesized by condensation reaction between amine of leucine with aldehyde or ketone bearing molecules attached with them. These complexes were characterized by different spectroscopic tools in order to confirm their structural geometries. The structural geometries are considered to be very important in order to improve the antimicrobial potential of leucine derivative metal complexes. By taking into account the antimicrobial potential of titled compounds, a comprehensive review of leucine derivatives of Schiff bases metal complexes has been compiled.

Research paper thumbnail of Antioxidant and Organic Dye Removal Potential of Cu-Ni Bimetallic Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Gazania rigens Extract

Water, 2021

Copper-nickel bimetallic nanoparticles (Cu-Ni BNPs) were fabricated using an eco-friendly green m... more Copper-nickel bimetallic nanoparticles (Cu-Ni BNPs) were fabricated using an eco-friendly green method of synthesis. An extract of synthesized Gazania rigens was used for the synthesis of BNPs followed by characterization employing different techniques including UV/Vis spectrophotometer, FTIR, XRD, and SEM. Spectrophotometric studies (UV-Vis and FTIR) confirmed the formation of bimetallic nanoparticles. The SEM studies indicated that the particle size ranged from 50 to 100 nm. Analysis of the BNPs by the XRD technique confirmed the presence of both Cu and Ni crystal structure. The synthesized nanoparticles were then tested for their catalytic potential for photoreduction of methylene blue dye in an aqueous medium and DPPH radical scavenging in a methanol medium. The BNPs were found to be efficient in the reduction of methylene blue dye as well as the scavenging of DPPH free radicals such that the MB dye was completely degraded in just 17 min at the maximum absorption of 660 nm. Ther...

Research paper thumbnail of An Eco-Friendly Approach for the Extraction of Antioxidant Components from Artemisia Annua Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2021

Drying methods, extraction techniques, solvents as well as extraction conditions affect the recov... more Drying methods, extraction techniques, solvents as well as extraction conditions affect the recovery of antioxidant components from botanical materials. In the current study, antioxidant compounds from leaf samples of A. annua were extracted using methanol as extraction solvent and orbital shaker assisted extraction technique and extraction technique was optimized using response surface methodology. Extraction conditions including rotation speed and extraction time were taken as independent variables and extraction was carried out for different time duration and at different rotation speed. A significant mutual effect of selected extraction conditions was recorded on the antioxidant potential of A. annua leaves and optimized conditions were determined employing response surface methodology. Statistical data revealed linear quadratic and interactive effect of extraction conditions on TPC, TFC and DDPH radical scavenging potential was significant because p-value is less than 0.05. For the same antioxidant components, measured and predicted values were found to be close in agreement, indicating that the tested model is fit for the recovery of antioxidant components from A. annua leaves. Optimization of extraction conditions using response surface methodology may be helpful in making the extraction technique cost-effective and environment friendly.

Research paper thumbnail of Optimization of ecofriendly synthesis of Ag nanoparticles by Linum usitatissimum hydrogel using response surface methodology and its biological applications

Materials Today Communications, 2021

Abstract In the current study, the silver nanoparticles are green synthesized using reducing and ... more Abstract In the current study, the silver nanoparticles are green synthesized using reducing and stabilizing potential of aqueous extract of Linseed. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) along with central composite design (CCD) was used to evaluate the influence of various independent variables like the concentration of silver nitrate (AgNO3), Linseed Hydrogel (LSH) suspensiot not used to find out the relative influencn percentage, sonication of LSH suspension, and exposure of reaction mixture to the sunlight on the response variable. RSM interpretation revealed that the results of all experiments were best fitted into a quadratic polynomial model with R2 value 0.9978 with SD 0.0018 for all responses. The optimized preparation conditions for LSH-Ag nanoparticles were concentration of AgNO3 (8.68 mM), LSH suspension percentage (0.73%), sonication time (5.29 min), and exposure to sunlight (69.52 min). The resultant LSH-Ag NPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, ATR-FTIR, BT-90 nano size analyzer, PXRD, and SEM. These results illustrated that LSH-Ag NPs had a spherical shape, average size 34.47 nm, maximum absorbance at 423 nm, polydispersity index 0.063. Afterward, the anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm activity of LSH-Ag NPs was investigated against E. coli and B. subtilis whereas scavenging activity of 84.2% was shown by NPs with DPPH assay. The result of biological activities proposed synthesized NPs as apposite material having capability to be used as biological agent. The biological potential can be depicted by its phytochemical profile having total phenolic and flavonoid contents as 84.9 mg GA/g and 45.9 mg RU/g respectively. The thin film of synthesized NPs possesses tiny cavities that suggested it to use in drug delivery system.

Research paper thumbnail of Kinetics and equilibrium studies of copper, zinc, and nickel ions adsorptive removal on to Archontophoenix alexandrae: conditions optimization by RSM

DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT, 2020

This study focuses on the investigation of adsorptive behavior of Cu, Ni, and Zn ions by Archonto... more This study focuses on the investigation of adsorptive behavior of Cu, Ni, and Zn ions by Archontophoenix alexandrae in single metal system (SMS), bi-metal system (BMS), and tri-metal system (TMS). This was done through a novel strategy by combining factorial design (FD), response surface methodology (RSM), and mixture design (MD). The adsorption study was carried out as a function of pH, contact time, and biomass dosage and validated through screening design. To improve adsorption capacities of metallic ions, RSM and MD involving central composite design and simplex lattice design were used. The experimental designs demonstrated the maximum adsorption capacity for Cu. The existence of Cu ions suppressed the adsorption of Ni and Zn ions. Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model best explain the adsorption kinetics of Cu(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II) metal ions on to A. alexandrae. The A. alexandrae could possibly be used as an efficient biosorbent for the removal of toxic pollutants from industrial effluents.

Research paper thumbnail of Serological Estimation, Molecular Detection and Serotyping of Dengue Virus in Dengue Patients of Lahore Region

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2021

Dengue has become endemic in Pakistan, and increasing cases of dengue have been reported every ye... more Dengue has become endemic in Pakistan, and increasing cases of dengue have been reported every year since 2006. The objective of the study was to serologically and molecularly diagnose dengue disease and to identify the circulating serotypes in patients of the Lahore region. Total 345 blood samples were collected from Jinnah Hospitals Lahore (JHL) and Mayo Hospital Lahore (MHL). Dengue specific antigen and antibodies were detected in samples by two serological methods namely, immunochromatographic test device (ICT) and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Acute phase samples were further subjected to molecular detection and serotyping of dengue virus by nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Similarity and divergence studies and the phylogenetic relationship was conducted on obtained sequences. Out of 345 samples subjected to serological analysis, 114 (33%) were positive to dengue by ICT method while 110 (31.8%) were detected positive by ELISA. Total 108 (31.3%) samples were confirmed dengue positive by both serological methods, out of which 39 (36.1%) samples were NS1 positive by both ICT and ELISA methods. By nested RT-PCR of 39 NS1 positive samples, the dengue virus was detected in 8 (20.5%) patients. In this study DENV-1 was detected in 1(12.5%) sample, DENV-2 in 3 (37.5%) samples and DENV-3 in 4 (50%) samples out of 8 PCR positive samples. The DENV-3 was the prevalent serotype. Similarity studies and phylogenetic analysis conducted on three serotypes (DENV-1, DENV-2 & DENV-3

Research paper thumbnail of Highly Selective and Efficient Porous Cu-Sn Bimetallic Electrocatalyst for CO2 Reduction to Formate

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2021

Carbon dioxide (CO 2) is a ubiquitous and necessary molecule to sustain life on Earth. The concen... more Carbon dioxide (CO 2) is a ubiquitous and necessary molecule to sustain life on Earth. The concentration of CO 2 in the atmosphere is increasing day by day due to the burning of fossil fuels for industries and human activities [1]. The concentration of CO 2 in the atmosphere has surpassed the level of 400 ppm in human history [2-4]. Such massive emission of CO 2 in the atmosphere has caused air pollution and the greenhouse effect [5, 6]. To rectify the adverse effects of atmospheric CO 2 and to reduce its level, several methods

Research paper thumbnail of Radical Scavenging and Catalytic Activity of Fe-Cu Bimetallic Nanoparticles Synthesized from Ixora finlaysoniana Extract

Coatings, 2021

Iron–copper bimetallic nanoparticles (Fe-Cu BNPs) were prepared via a green synthesis route. Ixor... more Iron–copper bimetallic nanoparticles (Fe-Cu BNPs) were prepared via a green synthesis route. Ixora finlaysoniana has been used in this study as a capping and stabilizing agent in the modification of Fe-Cu BNPs. As-synthesized BNPs were characterized using different techniques including UV/Vis spectrophotometry, FTIR, XRD and SEM. A particle size analyzer and SEM studies indicated the particle size to be in the range of 50–200 nm. In addition, degradation of MB dye in an aqueous system and radical-scavenging potential in a DPPH assay were also examined using BNPs. Methylene blue dye degradation in 17 min was monitored with UV/Vis spectrophotometry, which exhibited the efficiency of Fe-Cu BNPs. Bimetallic nanoparticles were also found to be efficient in neutralizing DPPH free radicals. Furthermore, kinetic studies of both dye degradation and radical scavenging potential are reported in this article. Subsequently, Fe-Cu BNPs synthesized via a green and sustainable method can be employe...

Research paper thumbnail of Heavy Metal Enrichment of Soil Irrigated with Paper and Board Mill (PBM) Effluents

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2020

The usage of industrial effluents for agricultural purposes has become common practice both in de... more The usage of industrial effluents for agricultural purposes has become common practice both in developing and developed countries. Industrial effluents may add significant amount of nutrients for the nourishment of soil. However, the presence of various pollutants in effluents may deteriorate physicochemical nature of soil. The current study presents the effect of different proportions (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%) of PBM effluents containing heavy metals on physicochemical properties of soil. These soil samples were analyzed at regular intervals of 30, 60 and 90 days. The findings of the study indicate that lower proportions (20 and 40%) of PBM effluents may be preferred for long-term irrigation. On the other hand, higher proportions (60, 80 and 100 %) of PBM effluents may cause adverse effects on physicochemical characteristics of soil within short duration of irrigation.

Research paper thumbnail of Recyclable Cu–Ag bimetallic nanocatalyst for radical scavenging, dyes removal and antimicrobial applications

Research paper thumbnail of Photocatalytic Removal of Dyes from Aqueous Medium by Fe, Mn and Fe-Mn Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Cannabis sativa Leaf Extract

Water

Current work describes green synthesis of Fe, Mn (monometallic) and Fe-Mn (bimetallic) nanopartic... more Current work describes green synthesis of Fe, Mn (monometallic) and Fe-Mn (bimetallic) nanoparticles using Cannabis sativa leaf extract as stabilizing and capping agent. In order to assess the formation of nanoparticles UV/Vis and FTIR analysis was carried out. In addition, Scanning electron microscopy and XRD studies confirmed synthesis as well as morphology of the nanoparticles. All the nanoparticles were found having particle size 20–80 nm and crystallite 3–20 nm. Photocatalytic activity of synthesized nanoparticles has been evaluated by carrying out degradation of two dyes methyl orange (MO) and Congo red (CR) in the presence of nanocatalysts. Degradation of both the dyes was carried out separately using Fe, Mn and Fe-Mn nanoparticles to compare the efficiency of monometallic with bimetallic nanoparticles. Iron and manganese monometallic particles have completely degraded MO in 18 min and 20 min and CR in 24 min and 18 min respectively. However, due to increased synergistic effe...

Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde derivatives of Schiff bases metal complexes: A review

Inorganic Chemistry Communications

Research paper thumbnail of Fabrication of graphene-oxide and zeolite loaded polyvinylidene fluoride reverse osmosis membrane for saltwater remediation

Research paper thumbnail of UV-light Mediated Green Synthesis of Silver Nanowires and Their Catalytic Degradation Potential Against Methyl Orange

In the present study, a simple and eco-friendly method for the synthesis of silver nanowires (Ag-... more In the present study, a simple and eco-friendly method for the synthesis of silver nanowires (Ag-NWs) has been reported. Psidium guajava seed extract was used as a reducing agent for silver nitrate solution at 70°C temperature under continues UV-irradiation, for the production of Ag-NWs. Silver nanowires were initially characterized by using UV-visible and FTIR spectrophotometer. Synthesis of nanowires and involvement of functional groups was con rmed by FT-IR spectra. The morphology and particle size of synthesized Ag-NWs was determined using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). XRD results revealed cubic phase morphology of Ag-NWs. Nanowires were found having 12-8 μm length and 300-500 nm diameter. In addition, catalytic potential of the sample for degradation of methyl orange dye (MO) was tracked spectrophotometrically. The results exposed that; bio-synthesized silver nanowires were found having excellent morphological features as well as impressive catalytic potential.

Research paper thumbnail of Design and synthesis of Schiff base Homobimetallic-Complexes as promising antimicrobial agents

Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Solifenacin-induced acute urticaria and angioedema: a rare adverse effect

Postgraduate Medical Journal, 2021

Antimuscarinics are first-line medication for management of overactive bladder with solifenacin b... more Antimuscarinics are first-line medication for management of overactive bladder with solifenacin being commonly prescribed. Angioedema is the swelling of mucosa and submucosal tissue. There are no published case reports of drug-induced angioedema involving solifenacin. We report a case of a 41-year-old man with spinal cord injury who presented with oedema of face, lips, tongue and associated pruritic urticaria after taking 5 mg of solifenacin. All other possible causes including food allergy, insect bite, hereditary angioedema, use of NSAIDs, ACE inhibitors and antibiotics were ruled out. The temporal association between solifenacin and angioedema and complete resolution of symptoms after discontinuing the drug suggest that solifenacin was the most probable cause of angioedema in our patient.

Research paper thumbnail of Stability Studies of Active Ingredients and Preservatives in Dermatology Cream Using a Newly Developed and Validated RP-HPLC Method

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Azo-Schiff base derivatives of transition metal complexes as antimicrobial agents

Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 2021

Abstract AMR (Antimicrobial-resistant) pathogens like MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus ... more Abstract AMR (Antimicrobial-resistant) pathogens like MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) have become prodigious peril to human health in the past couple of years with the failure of various antifungals and antibiotics in treating mild to chronic mycoses and septicemia. In the grave concern for the rising contagions, Azo-Schiff Bases with dual functionality and far-ranging pharmacological potential has been considered an excellent target for antimicrobial investigations. A diversity of homocyclic and heterocyclic organic precursors has been utilized for submitting novelty in the Azo-Schiff Base Ligands (ASBLs). In addition, the d-block transition metal chelates of ASBLs with infinitely diverse features have also been synthesized and characterized exploiting the classical and advanced analytical techniques. These resourceful coordination compounds owing to their characteristic polydentate ligands with multiple coordination sites, the geometry of complexes, and redox nature of metal centres are bestowed with the structural tunability to reinvigorate their potential applications. A detailed literature survey divulged that no compendious review has yet been published on ASBL-metal derivatives. Therefore, the present study encompasses the research undertaken during the last two decennia for the development and in vitro antimicrobial screening of these prospective drug agents.

Research paper thumbnail of Physicochemical Profile of Ground Water in Bahawalpur City, Pakistan: Hazardous Aspects

Summary: Analysis of ground water of Bahawalpur city, Pakistan, has been made to evaluate its sui... more Summary: Analysis of ground water of Bahawalpur city, Pakistan, has been made to evaluate its suitability for domestic use. Water samples from populated areas of the city were subjected to various physicochemical investigations. Physical properties of ground water were assessed by determining color, odor, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved salts (TDS), alkalinity and dissolved oxygen (DO). Whereas, its chemical nature was evaluated by estimating pH, Cl , F , NO3 , SO4 -2 , essential (Na, K, Ca, Mg) and heavy (Fe, Ni, Cr, As, Pb) metals. The presence of coliform bacteria was also checked and 75% samples were found contaminated. The analysis of physicochemical data, with reference to PSI and WHO standards, revealed that some of the estimated parameters were well within the limit, while others exceeded hydrochemical standards. The data was also subjected to correlation study to check the association among estimated parameters. Relation of important water quality parameters w...

Research paper thumbnail of UV-Light Mediated Biosynthesis of Silver Nanowires; Characterization, Dye Degradation Potential and Kinetic Studies

Sustainability, 2021

Herrin, a simple and eco-friendly method for the synthesis of silver nanowires (Ag-NWs) has been ... more Herrin, a simple and eco-friendly method for the synthesis of silver nanowires (Ag-NWs) has been reported. Silver nanowires were synthesized using Psidium guajava seed extract that acted as a reducing agent as well as a stabilizing agent for silver nitrate solution. Synthesis was carried out at 50 °C temperature under continuous UV-irradiation. Silver nanowires were initially characterized by a UV-visible and FTIR spectrophotometer. In addition, morphology and particle size of synthesized Ag-NWs were determined using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Nanowires were found to have 12.8 μm length and 200–500 nm diameter and cubic phase morphology. Furthermore, the catalytic potential of Ag-NWs for the degradation of methyl orange dye (MO) was determined. The selected dye was degraded successfully that confirmed the catalytic potential of Ag-NWs. The authors concluded that Ag-NWs can be synthesized using plant extract having excellent mo...

Research paper thumbnail of Amalgamation and Scrutinizing of Leucine Derivatives Schiff Bases Complexes as Antimicrobial Agent

Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening, 2021

: The enhanced applications of Schiff bases metal complexes of amino acid derivatives have captur... more : The enhanced applications of Schiff bases metal complexes of amino acid derivatives have captured the attention of researchers for the synthesis of leucine derivatives of Schiff bases metal complexes. Amino acids are considered to be essential part of food supplements as well as derivatives of Schiff bases in coordination chemistry due to their donor ability. The leucine derivatives Schiff bases ligand have been synthesized by condensation reaction between amine of leucine with aldehyde or ketone bearing molecules attached with them. These complexes were characterized by different spectroscopic tools in order to confirm their structural geometries. The structural geometries are considered to be very important in order to improve the antimicrobial potential of leucine derivative metal complexes. By taking into account the antimicrobial potential of titled compounds, a comprehensive review of leucine derivatives of Schiff bases metal complexes has been compiled.

Research paper thumbnail of Antioxidant and Organic Dye Removal Potential of Cu-Ni Bimetallic Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Gazania rigens Extract

Water, 2021

Copper-nickel bimetallic nanoparticles (Cu-Ni BNPs) were fabricated using an eco-friendly green m... more Copper-nickel bimetallic nanoparticles (Cu-Ni BNPs) were fabricated using an eco-friendly green method of synthesis. An extract of synthesized Gazania rigens was used for the synthesis of BNPs followed by characterization employing different techniques including UV/Vis spectrophotometer, FTIR, XRD, and SEM. Spectrophotometric studies (UV-Vis and FTIR) confirmed the formation of bimetallic nanoparticles. The SEM studies indicated that the particle size ranged from 50 to 100 nm. Analysis of the BNPs by the XRD technique confirmed the presence of both Cu and Ni crystal structure. The synthesized nanoparticles were then tested for their catalytic potential for photoreduction of methylene blue dye in an aqueous medium and DPPH radical scavenging in a methanol medium. The BNPs were found to be efficient in the reduction of methylene blue dye as well as the scavenging of DPPH free radicals such that the MB dye was completely degraded in just 17 min at the maximum absorption of 660 nm. Ther...

Research paper thumbnail of An Eco-Friendly Approach for the Extraction of Antioxidant Components from Artemisia Annua Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2021

Drying methods, extraction techniques, solvents as well as extraction conditions affect the recov... more Drying methods, extraction techniques, solvents as well as extraction conditions affect the recovery of antioxidant components from botanical materials. In the current study, antioxidant compounds from leaf samples of A. annua were extracted using methanol as extraction solvent and orbital shaker assisted extraction technique and extraction technique was optimized using response surface methodology. Extraction conditions including rotation speed and extraction time were taken as independent variables and extraction was carried out for different time duration and at different rotation speed. A significant mutual effect of selected extraction conditions was recorded on the antioxidant potential of A. annua leaves and optimized conditions were determined employing response surface methodology. Statistical data revealed linear quadratic and interactive effect of extraction conditions on TPC, TFC and DDPH radical scavenging potential was significant because p-value is less than 0.05. For the same antioxidant components, measured and predicted values were found to be close in agreement, indicating that the tested model is fit for the recovery of antioxidant components from A. annua leaves. Optimization of extraction conditions using response surface methodology may be helpful in making the extraction technique cost-effective and environment friendly.

Research paper thumbnail of Optimization of ecofriendly synthesis of Ag nanoparticles by Linum usitatissimum hydrogel using response surface methodology and its biological applications

Materials Today Communications, 2021

Abstract In the current study, the silver nanoparticles are green synthesized using reducing and ... more Abstract In the current study, the silver nanoparticles are green synthesized using reducing and stabilizing potential of aqueous extract of Linseed. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) along with central composite design (CCD) was used to evaluate the influence of various independent variables like the concentration of silver nitrate (AgNO3), Linseed Hydrogel (LSH) suspensiot not used to find out the relative influencn percentage, sonication of LSH suspension, and exposure of reaction mixture to the sunlight on the response variable. RSM interpretation revealed that the results of all experiments were best fitted into a quadratic polynomial model with R2 value 0.9978 with SD 0.0018 for all responses. The optimized preparation conditions for LSH-Ag nanoparticles were concentration of AgNO3 (8.68 mM), LSH suspension percentage (0.73%), sonication time (5.29 min), and exposure to sunlight (69.52 min). The resultant LSH-Ag NPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, ATR-FTIR, BT-90 nano size analyzer, PXRD, and SEM. These results illustrated that LSH-Ag NPs had a spherical shape, average size 34.47 nm, maximum absorbance at 423 nm, polydispersity index 0.063. Afterward, the anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm activity of LSH-Ag NPs was investigated against E. coli and B. subtilis whereas scavenging activity of 84.2% was shown by NPs with DPPH assay. The result of biological activities proposed synthesized NPs as apposite material having capability to be used as biological agent. The biological potential can be depicted by its phytochemical profile having total phenolic and flavonoid contents as 84.9 mg GA/g and 45.9 mg RU/g respectively. The thin film of synthesized NPs possesses tiny cavities that suggested it to use in drug delivery system.

Research paper thumbnail of Kinetics and equilibrium studies of copper, zinc, and nickel ions adsorptive removal on to Archontophoenix alexandrae: conditions optimization by RSM

DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT, 2020

This study focuses on the investigation of adsorptive behavior of Cu, Ni, and Zn ions by Archonto... more This study focuses on the investigation of adsorptive behavior of Cu, Ni, and Zn ions by Archontophoenix alexandrae in single metal system (SMS), bi-metal system (BMS), and tri-metal system (TMS). This was done through a novel strategy by combining factorial design (FD), response surface methodology (RSM), and mixture design (MD). The adsorption study was carried out as a function of pH, contact time, and biomass dosage and validated through screening design. To improve adsorption capacities of metallic ions, RSM and MD involving central composite design and simplex lattice design were used. The experimental designs demonstrated the maximum adsorption capacity for Cu. The existence of Cu ions suppressed the adsorption of Ni and Zn ions. Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model best explain the adsorption kinetics of Cu(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II) metal ions on to A. alexandrae. The A. alexandrae could possibly be used as an efficient biosorbent for the removal of toxic pollutants from industrial effluents.

Research paper thumbnail of Serological Estimation, Molecular Detection and Serotyping of Dengue Virus in Dengue Patients of Lahore Region

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2021

Dengue has become endemic in Pakistan, and increasing cases of dengue have been reported every ye... more Dengue has become endemic in Pakistan, and increasing cases of dengue have been reported every year since 2006. The objective of the study was to serologically and molecularly diagnose dengue disease and to identify the circulating serotypes in patients of the Lahore region. Total 345 blood samples were collected from Jinnah Hospitals Lahore (JHL) and Mayo Hospital Lahore (MHL). Dengue specific antigen and antibodies were detected in samples by two serological methods namely, immunochromatographic test device (ICT) and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Acute phase samples were further subjected to molecular detection and serotyping of dengue virus by nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Similarity and divergence studies and the phylogenetic relationship was conducted on obtained sequences. Out of 345 samples subjected to serological analysis, 114 (33%) were positive to dengue by ICT method while 110 (31.8%) were detected positive by ELISA. Total 108 (31.3%) samples were confirmed dengue positive by both serological methods, out of which 39 (36.1%) samples were NS1 positive by both ICT and ELISA methods. By nested RT-PCR of 39 NS1 positive samples, the dengue virus was detected in 8 (20.5%) patients. In this study DENV-1 was detected in 1(12.5%) sample, DENV-2 in 3 (37.5%) samples and DENV-3 in 4 (50%) samples out of 8 PCR positive samples. The DENV-3 was the prevalent serotype. Similarity studies and phylogenetic analysis conducted on three serotypes (DENV-1, DENV-2 & DENV-3

Research paper thumbnail of Highly Selective and Efficient Porous Cu-Sn Bimetallic Electrocatalyst for CO2 Reduction to Formate

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2021

Carbon dioxide (CO 2) is a ubiquitous and necessary molecule to sustain life on Earth. The concen... more Carbon dioxide (CO 2) is a ubiquitous and necessary molecule to sustain life on Earth. The concentration of CO 2 in the atmosphere is increasing day by day due to the burning of fossil fuels for industries and human activities [1]. The concentration of CO 2 in the atmosphere has surpassed the level of 400 ppm in human history [2-4]. Such massive emission of CO 2 in the atmosphere has caused air pollution and the greenhouse effect [5, 6]. To rectify the adverse effects of atmospheric CO 2 and to reduce its level, several methods

Research paper thumbnail of Radical Scavenging and Catalytic Activity of Fe-Cu Bimetallic Nanoparticles Synthesized from Ixora finlaysoniana Extract

Coatings, 2021

Iron–copper bimetallic nanoparticles (Fe-Cu BNPs) were prepared via a green synthesis route. Ixor... more Iron–copper bimetallic nanoparticles (Fe-Cu BNPs) were prepared via a green synthesis route. Ixora finlaysoniana has been used in this study as a capping and stabilizing agent in the modification of Fe-Cu BNPs. As-synthesized BNPs were characterized using different techniques including UV/Vis spectrophotometry, FTIR, XRD and SEM. A particle size analyzer and SEM studies indicated the particle size to be in the range of 50–200 nm. In addition, degradation of MB dye in an aqueous system and radical-scavenging potential in a DPPH assay were also examined using BNPs. Methylene blue dye degradation in 17 min was monitored with UV/Vis spectrophotometry, which exhibited the efficiency of Fe-Cu BNPs. Bimetallic nanoparticles were also found to be efficient in neutralizing DPPH free radicals. Furthermore, kinetic studies of both dye degradation and radical scavenging potential are reported in this article. Subsequently, Fe-Cu BNPs synthesized via a green and sustainable method can be employe...

Research paper thumbnail of Heavy Metal Enrichment of Soil Irrigated with Paper and Board Mill (PBM) Effluents

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2020

The usage of industrial effluents for agricultural purposes has become common practice both in de... more The usage of industrial effluents for agricultural purposes has become common practice both in developing and developed countries. Industrial effluents may add significant amount of nutrients for the nourishment of soil. However, the presence of various pollutants in effluents may deteriorate physicochemical nature of soil. The current study presents the effect of different proportions (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%) of PBM effluents containing heavy metals on physicochemical properties of soil. These soil samples were analyzed at regular intervals of 30, 60 and 90 days. The findings of the study indicate that lower proportions (20 and 40%) of PBM effluents may be preferred for long-term irrigation. On the other hand, higher proportions (60, 80 and 100 %) of PBM effluents may cause adverse effects on physicochemical characteristics of soil within short duration of irrigation.