Ujjwal Kumar - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Ujjwal Kumar

This work presents a control strategy of a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) to improve the doubly f... more This work presents a control strategy of a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) to improve the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind turbine in case of fault. The application of a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) connected to a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind-turbinedriven is investigated.Voltage in faulty line can be compensated using DVR, while nominal operation of DFIG wind turbine is continued as demanded in actual grid codes. A dynamic voltage restorer based on the dqo algorithm is discussed. The proposed control scheme is very effective to detect any disturbance or fault in distribution systems. Simulation results for a 1.5 MW wind turbine using Matlab/Simulink are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

The Training and Visit (T&V) Extension System was effective in disseminating Green Revolution tec... more The Training and Visit (T&V) Extension System was effective in disseminating Green Revolution technology, especially in the high potential, irrigated areas, but it had little effect on the productivity and incomes among farmers in rainfed areas. In addition, by the early 1990s, many other systemic problems were apparent: o The introduction of T&V Extension greatly expanded the number of village extension workers (VEWs) in the Department of Agriculture (DOA), resulting in long-term financial problems for state governments. Since most state government funds go for salaries, most extension activities are dominated by top-down, central government programs. o Government's continuing focus on increasing food production resulted in extension being commodity and supply-driven, in contrast with a focus on diversification and farm income (i.e., being more market-driven). o Dissemination of Green Revolution technology substantially increased the production of food staples; therefore, commodity prices fell during the 1980-90s resulting in declining farm income. o The emphasis on food security during the 1960-80s resulted in an extension system that was limited to the staple food crops and dominated by the DOA. The other line departments, including Animal Husbandry (DAH), Horticulture (DOH), Fisheries (DOF), Sericulture (DOS), etc., had a very limited extension staff, virtually no extension programs and operated separately from each other. As a result, there was no integration of programs across departments (i.e., lack of a "farming systems" approach) o By the 1990s, the line departments primarily focused on the distribution of centrally funded subsidies and inputs. This situation had the following effect: o Line department staff became increasingly accountable to government, rather than to farmers; o Since government was partially involved in input supply, the government field staff viewed private input supply dealers more as competitors than as partners; o Given this focus on central government schemes, there was less need for extension to work closely with researchers, resulting in weakening research-extension linkages. o Finally, with the exception of donor sponsored schemes, extension gave very little attention to organizing farmers into groups and, thereby, empowering farmers. Need for a Decentralized Model The main extension system primarily responsible for delivery of technical messages is operated by the State Department of Agriculture (DOA), through the state, district and block level machinery. Other state governments departments, such as Animal Husbandry, Horticulture, Soil and Water Conservation, and Fishery have been providing very limited extension services. The research centres and agricultural universities play a very limited role in extension service. The system however is more preoccupied with implementation of a number of central and state sector schemes having input/subsidy delivery. The performance of the main extension system has been adversely affected by the difficulty in recruiting and retaining extension staff due to budgetary constraints, depleting operational support and inadequate technical background of the majority of the staff commensurate to the changing scenario of agriculture, resulting in the dependence of farmers on input dealers and others, as sources of information. Their role in technology up-scaling has been minimal and even nonexisting. During the mid-1990s, the Government of India and the World Bank began exploring new approaches to extension that would address these system problems and constraints. The result was a new, decentralized extension approach, which would focus more directly on agricultural diversification and increasing farm income and rural employment. The central institutional innovation that emerged to

The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology, 2019

Background: Acne scars are the most common sequele of the inflammatory process of acne and affect... more Background: Acne scars are the most common sequele of the inflammatory process of acne and affects almost 95 percent of the patients with acne vulgaris. Hypertrophic scars and keloid scars result from excessive tissue formation; atrophic scars are characterized by loss or damage of tissue, which are further categorized into ice pick, rolling, and boxcar scars. Method: A total of 45 patients underwent four sessions, four weeks apart, of subcision and microneedling and were assessed for scar grading three months after the final treatment session. Results: Overall improvement was seen in 95.6 percent of patients (improvement by at least 1 grade) with slight erythema, edema and pain for 1 to 2 days. The improvement correlated with the patient-reported assessment of improvement in scars; 17.8 percent of patients perceived a 75- to 100-percent improvement in their acne scars, while 24.4 percent of patients perceived an improvement of 50 to 74 percent. The majority of the patients (55.5%) ...

International Journal of Research, 2016

In this modelling, design phenomena of smart beams are a crucial factor. By designing we have ana... more In this modelling, design phenomena of smart beams are a crucial factor. By designing we have analyse buckling analysis of smart beam under different loads. In the recent past, some good works appeared in various journals and conferences proceeding on designing analysis of beams. In this project we do designing buckling analysis of smart beam and spatial displacement with different boundary condition Keyword: Buckling Analysis; Smart Material; Abaqus; Elemental Analysis

International Journal of Research in Dermatology, 2021

Background: Leprosy is often mentioned as the oldest disease known to man, the origins of which a... more Background: Leprosy is often mentioned as the oldest disease known to man, the origins of which are lost in the mists of antiquity. In spite of having been declared eliminated in December 2005 from India as a public health problem, India has still 60% of the entire global case load.Methods: A total of 60 Leprosy patients belonged to Ujjain and its adjoining districts, attending the outpatient department of dermatology at R.D Gardi medical college, Ujjain (M.P.). Over a period of 1 year i.e. January 2019 to December 2019 constituted the subject material for study. The data was analysed for clinico-epidemiological characteristic and relevant investigations were done.Results: A total of 60 patients attended the leprosy clinic during the study period. Maximum number of patient belonged to age groups of 21-40 years. Male preponderance with M:F ratio was 3:1. Family history was seen in 3 patients (5.0%). 73.3% patients were from rural area. Borderline tuberculoid (19 patients) was commone...

International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology, 2020

As a higher number of population is moving toward the digital world for the solution, hence it's ... more As a higher number of population is moving toward the digital world for the solution, hence it's important to make the application smarter for their search and action performed on it. Smart refers to the intellectual use of technology to improve the productivity of the application. This paper focus on the challenge to minimize the searching time and get efficient data from the raw data. Any person new to this application must be able to easily search about the query on the bases of tags, votes and review etc. We try to take advantage of already established technologies to implement in a more strategic, centralized and integrated manner to benefit clients, programmers, learners etc. We can access with the device that is present with us most of the time that is smartphone or laptop. I.

International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2020

Reverse breeding is a modern plant breeding method for producing complementing parental lines for... more Reverse breeding is a modern plant breeding method for producing complementing parental lines for any heterozygous plant through achaismatic meiosis (meiosis without crossovers). The achiasmatic meiosis leads to univalent segregation at meiotic metaphase-I and the generation of aneuploid gametes. These gametes are then regenerated as doubled-haploid (DH) plants. Each DH carries combinations of its parental chromosomes, and complementing DH pairs can be crossed to reconstitute the initial hybrid. In reverse breeding, the suppression of meiotic crossovers in a hybrid ensures the transmission of nonrecombinant chromosomes to haploid gametes. The PAIR2 gene is required for homologous chromosome synapsis at meiosis-I in plants. An insertional mutation in the rice PAIR2 gene, the ortholog of Arabidopsis thaliana ASY1, results in a defect in homologous chromosome pairing during meiosis, display univalents at metaphase-I. Essentially, reverse breeding follows an approach akin to the generation of a DH population from an F1 hybrid, carrying a dominant-acting transgene that downregulates the expression of Disrupted Meiotic cDNA1 (DMC1), resulting in inhibition of crossover recombination and thereby enabling intact-chromosome inheritance. In earlier reports on reverse breeding in A. thaliana, a hybrid was constructed of using two of its natural ecotypes (Col-0 and Laer-0), carrying an RNAi transgene targeting the meiotic recombinase (RecA homolog) DMC1 that prevented the formation of meiotic crossover recombination. This method mainly included steps: (i) the generation and selection of RNAi: DMC1 transformed lines; (ii) the generation of achiasmatic hybrids; (iii) the crossing of achiasmatic hybrids to GFP-tailswap to generate haploid chromosome substitution lines (CSLs); (iv) the generation of DHs by spontaneous doubling of haploid CSLs; and (v) the crossing of complementing CSLs to recreate the initial hybrid. The scope of reverse breeding could be envisioned for the improvement of agricultural crops, as it may enable the generation of parental breeding lines for the recreation of hybrid.

Scientific Reports, 2019

Most large carnivore populations are declining across their global range except in some well mana... more Most large carnivore populations are declining across their global range except in some well managed protected areas (PA’s). Investments for conserving charismatic apex carnivores are often justified due to their umbrella effect on biodiversity. We evaluate population trends of two large sympatric carnivores, the tiger and leopard through spatially-explicit-capture-recapture models from camera trap data in Kanha PA, India, from 2011 to 2016. Our results show that the overall density (100 km−2) of tigers ranged between 4.82 ± 0.33 to 5.21 ± 0.55SE and of leopards between 6.63 ± 0.71 to 8.64 ± 0.75SE, with no detectable trends at the PA scale. When evaluated at the catchment scale, Banjar catchment that had higher prey density and higher conservation investments, recorded significant growth of both carnivores. While Halon catchment, that had lower prey and conservation investments, populations of both carnivores remained stable. Sex ratio of both carnivores was female biased. As is ty...

Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 2018

Ocean colour sensors traditionally are of fixed spectral channel systems with specified bandwidth... more Ocean colour sensors traditionally are of fixed spectral channel systems with specified bandwidth of about 20 nm in the visible region and about 40 nm in Near Infrared region. In these systems, it is known that a radiometric error of 1% in the measurement of top of the atmosphere signal may lead to an error of 10% in the retrieved ocean upwelling radiance. In this paper we investigated the range of wavelengths participating in signal collection (effective spectral pass band, ESPB) using relative spectral response data of various sensors flown earlier. ESPB values were computed for each spectral channel for various percentages of signal and the results showed that they are quite high compared to bandwidths specified. These values were found to vary with sensor and channel. ESPB shall be small for accurate computation of spectral radiance. As the knowledge of spectral profile of the signal in the range of ESPB helps in better estimation of spectral radiance at the intended wavelengths, a miniature high performance linear variable filter based hyperspectral sensor is proposed as an alternative. We present here the design concept and report the estimated performance of such sensor that can be realized even with commercial off the shelf components for operational implementation.

Organic Agriculture, 2018

An attempt has been made to explore the potentiality of organic integrated rice-fish farming from... more An attempt has been made to explore the potentiality of organic integrated rice-fish farming from seasonally waterlogged areas for overall improvement of water productivity of the system. Two separate experiments were conducted. In experiment 1, five paddy fields (0.1 ha) of uniform topography were selected where center 10% area has been used as a fish refuge (1.2 m depth). MTU 7029 rice variety were transplanted in the already prepared field and a total of 50 numbers (25 each) of stunted Rohu (Labeo rohita) (104.7 ± 2.65 g) and Catla (Catla catla) yearling (95.1 ± 3.22 g) were stocked in the refuge area. Rice was harvested after 120 days and net fish production was recorded after the culture period of 180 days. At the end of 5 months, Rohu attained growth of 545.1 ± 24 g and Catla 589.5 ± 42.6 g. Average productivity of five fish refuges was 1.70 t ha −1 of fish and recovery was around 78%. In the experiment 2, using the same plot with a varying stocking density and size of fish and with MTU 7029 rice variety, average production of paddy straw and grain from 1-ha area were 6.73 and 4.36%, higher than controls (without fish stocking), respectively. Overall income from this integration was 72.21 thousand rupees which are around 26% higher than the income from control (57.28 thousand rupees). From the study, it can be summarized that organic rice-fish integration can be a viable technique, especially for low lying areas compared to rice monoculture.

Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 2019

SummaryBackgroundMultimodality therapies including minimally invasive modalities are increasingly... more SummaryBackgroundMultimodality therapies including minimally invasive modalities are increasingly used in atrophic scarring.ObjectiveTo evaluate the role of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) as adjunctive therapy to a combined subcision and needling treatment in severe (grade 4) atrophic acne scarring.MethodsA total of 30 patients with grade 4 acne scars were randomly divided into two groups, 15 patients each: Group A underwent three sequential treatments of subcision and needling while Group B, three sequential treatments of subcision, needling, and topical application of PRP that were performed at 3‐week intervals. Scar grading was assessed 3 months following the final session. Participant's assessment of treatment response was registered.ResultsScar improvement ≥50% was reported significantly more often by Group B than Group A patients (P = 0.025). Regarding physician‐based assessment of scar grading post‐therapy (number of patients with two grades improvement vs one grade or no imp...

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 2016

Background: Unlike Laparoscopic myotomy, POEM affords freedom in selecting the myotomy orientatio... more Background: Unlike Laparoscopic myotomy, POEM affords freedom in selecting the myotomy orientation with some centers favoring anterior (A) and some posterior (P) orientation. It has been postulated that posterior POEM by cutting the sling fibers of the LES that maintain the angle of His (rather than the shorter clasp fibers cut in anterior POEM), may result in a more patulous LES with greater relief of dysphagia at the expense of more reflux. Some have also postulated that posterior POEM can be performed more rapidly and easily due to the location of the incision along the axis of the therapeutic channel of the endoscope. Finally, some authorities have suggested that in anterior POEM there may be more dense vascularity in the cardia and higher risk of intraprocedural hemorrhage as well as more escape of CO2 that may increase the incidence of capnoperitoneum/capnothorax. No data exist to date in support of any of these contentions. Aim: To assess outcomes in anterior vs posterior POEM in our single operator series of 248 POEMs (120 A, 128 P) performed from 10/2009 to 10/2015. Results: No learning curve bias expected as we performed a similar percentage of anterior POEMs in the first 3 years of our series (48/ 91, 53%), as in the last 2 years (vs 72/157 46%). Data were analyzed from a prospectively maintained database. There were no difference in the Eckardt score, including failures (post POEM Eckardt score>3, 5/110 AP vs 4/117 P, NS)., accidental mucosal injuriesincluding non-transmural minor blanching (29% vs 23%), prolonged stay of >5 days (1/ 119 A, 1/128 P). There was no difference in significant AEs but it should be noted that there was paucity of such events in our series with no leaks, no tunnel bleeds and no surgical/IR interventions. Posterior POEM was significantly faster overall (97 min A, 79 min P, PZ0.0007) including a faster closure (Suturing 177, clips 71) (9.6 min A, 7.9 min P, PZ0.02). More pts had pain requiring narcotics in posterior POEM (17% A vs 27% P, PZ0.007). There was a trend for less acid reflux in anterior POEM: +BRAVO studies (21/58 A, 29/58, PZ0.13), reflux esophagitis (22/57A, 33/60 P, PZ0.076). Based on these results we calculated a sample size of 120 (including 20% dropout) for an Anterior vs Posterior randomized trial to demonstrate that posterior POEM is faster. However, a larger number may be required to demonstrate a difference in incidence of reflux at 95% confidence. We have currently enrolled 94 pts in this RCT to be reported separately. Conclusion: Based on our analysis of our 248 single operator POEM series, anterior POEM is slower but results in less pain and less acid exposure and reflux esophagitis (90% confidence level). We are close to completing enrollment in a single operator anterior/posterior randomized trial.

The Second Green Revolution of boosting food-grain harvest in India to 400 million tons by the en... more The Second Green Revolution of boosting food-grain harvest in India to 400 million tons by the end of the year 2020 is need of the day. Its achieving is not a herculean task if farmers embrace latest technology suited to the area. Here, challenges lie in availability of advisory services (knowledge, information, linkages etc.) especially during adverse weather condition to the resource poor farming community as and when required suited to their own situation. Human kind in general and agriculture in particular,is likely to suffer the biggest impacts of Climate change.A sound adaptation processes are required to sustain agricultural production and food security of the nation as a whole. Now, extension or advisory services are more diversified, more technology intensive and more demand driven which makes more difficult for the extension worker or the organization working for the vast and diversified farming community without proper networking. India has made remarkable progress in the...

Agriculture in Bihar contributes about 19 percent to state Gross Domestic Product and pro-vides e... more Agriculture in Bihar contributes about 19 percent to state Gross Domestic Product and pro-vides employment to about 70% of working force in rural areas. Rainfall however is erratic to poor and unreliable. Though average rainfall in the State is ad-equate (1067 mm) but the variation is much higher. However, rainfall during June to September varied by 23 percent, adversely affecting rice production. Com-paratively large decline in rainfall is observed in high rainfall area than low rainfall area. districts of Bihar experienced decline in rainfall by 5 to 25 percent and 8 percent of districts by more than 25 percent. The relationship between rainfall (SPI In-dex) and rice production has been positive in all the agro-climatic zones and highly significant in low rain-fall area. It suggests creation of assured irrigation infrastructure in the State for sustainable agricultural production, in general and rice production, in par-ticular. Besides, short duration and less water loving crops /...

Advances in Engineering Software, 2015

ABSTRACT This article discusses on the detection of fault occurred during friction stir welding u... more ABSTRACT This article discusses on the detection of fault occurred during friction stir welding using discrete wavelet transform on force and torque signals. The work pieces used were AA1100 aluminum alloys of thickness 2.5 mm. The plates were 200 mm in length and 80 mm in width. Presence of defect in welding causes sudden change in force signals (Z-load), thus it is easier to detect such abrupt changes in a signal using discrete wavelet transform. Statistical features like variance and square of errors of detail coefficients are implemented to localize the defective zone properly as it shows better variations (in defective area) than the detail coefficient itself.

Genome Biology, 2011

Background: Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, commonly known as Ich, is a highly pathogenic ciliate r... more Background: Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, commonly known as Ich, is a highly pathogenic ciliate responsible for 'white spot', a disease causing significant economic losses to the global aquaculture industry. Options for disease control are extremely limited, and Ich's obligate parasitic lifestyle makes experimental studies challenging. Unlike most well-studied protozoan parasites, Ich belongs to a phylum composed primarily of free-living members. Indeed, it is closely related to the model organism Tetrahymena thermophila. Genomic studies represent a promising strategy to reduce the impact of this disease and to understand the evolutionary transition to parasitism. Results: We report the sequencing, assembly and annotation of the Ich macronuclear genome. Compared with its free-living relative T. thermophila, the Ich genome is reduced approximately twofold in length and gene density and threefold in gene content. We analyzed in detail several gene classes with diverse functions in behavior, cellular function and host immunogenicity, including protein kinases, membrane transporters, proteases, surface antigens and cytoskeletal components and regulators. We also mapped by orthology Ich's metabolic pathways in comparison with other ciliates and a potential host organism, the zebrafish Danio rerio. Conclusions: Knowledge of the complete protein-coding and metabolic potential of Ich opens avenues for rational testing of therapeutic drugs that target functions essential to this parasite but not to its fish hosts. Also, a catalog of surface protein-encoding genes will facilitate development of more effective vaccines. The potential to use T. thermophila as a surrogate model offers promise toward controlling 'white spot' disease and understanding the adaptation to a parasitic lifestyle.

Signal, Image and Video Processing, 2010

APMIS, 2014

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States, and is projected to overtake ca... more Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States, and is projected to overtake cardiovascular diseases as the number one cause of mortality in adults within a decade. Cancer screening offers an opportunity to detect cancer precursor lesions at early stages, and hence preemptively manage and prevent development of frank cancers. Despite tremendous technological advances over last decade, which allow us to study genomic/epigenomic and proteomic profile of cells with unprecedented details, it has been difficult to develop non-invasive biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity that can have clinical applications. Dysplasia, which requires histopathological examination of the tissue, remains the best marker of propensity to develop cancer, and hence the best available surrogate biomarker. However, procuring tissues for detection of dysplasia is highly invasive and economically unviable for most visceral malignancies. Therefore, there is emphasis on developing circulating biomarkers through a consortium approach where high-performing biomarkers in basic research are tested in large collaborative clinical settings to assess their clinical efficacy. In this review, we have discussed fundamental principles of cancer screening, difficulties in developing novel and effective biomarkers, continuing reliance on dysplasia as best available surrogate marker for cancer screening, as well as briefly highlighted newer screening modalities.